EP0700724B1 - Method and apparatus for continously autogenously milling a flowable processing material - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for continously autogenously milling a flowable processing material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0700724B1
EP0700724B1 EP95113662A EP95113662A EP0700724B1 EP 0700724 B1 EP0700724 B1 EP 0700724B1 EP 95113662 A EP95113662 A EP 95113662A EP 95113662 A EP95113662 A EP 95113662A EP 0700724 B1 EP0700724 B1 EP 0700724B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
grinding
agitator
outlet
particles
grinding chamber
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EP95113662A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0700724B2 (en
EP0700724A1 (en
Inventor
Norbert Dr.-Ing. Stehr
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Draiswerke GmbH
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Draiswerke GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/16—Mills in which a fixed container houses stirring means tumbling the charge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for continuously autogenous grinding of a flowable, insoluble particle containing different diameters Treated goods according to the preamble of claim 1, and a device for performing the method according to the preamble of claim 8.
  • the grinding of particularly hard materials such as silicates and carbides is complex. It has become known through use in practice use agitator mills, each with a cylindrical container have in the concentric a high-speed driven agitator is arranged.
  • the grinding container is at least essentially with Auxiliary grinding bodies filled.
  • the material to be treated is in a flowable form, for example, slurried with water, the container on one End fed and leaves the container at the other end. The mixture the material to be treated and auxiliary grinding media are turned into an intensive movement is shifted so that an intensive grinding takes place.
  • a grinder auxiliary device In the area of the regrind outlet, a grinder auxiliary device must be used be provided, by means of which the auxiliary grinding bodies can be separated from the material to be treated, so that the latter is free of auxiliary grinding media can leak. Wear is when grinding extremely hard particles the grinding aid body large. If on the other hand low-quality regrind are ground as mass products, then - even if the auxiliary grinding body wear is not too big - the cost of grinding auxiliary body wear not portable compared to the value of the regrind. About that In addition, there is a very great risk that the grinding aid retainer through regrind particles that are still too large and / or worn Grinding auxiliary body is added, which at least leads to malfunctions or can also lead to partial destruction of the agitator mill. This There is a particular danger if the throughput is high Treated goods, i.e. correspondingly high flow rates of the material to be treated is worked in the agitator mill.
  • EP 0 247 859 A and EP 0 376 403 A each have a device and a process for autogenous milling of hard solids the preambles of claims 1 and 8 known.
  • At the top of the grinding chamber wall is a cylindrical one Sieve provided as a retention device.
  • the material to be treated is fed to the grinding chamber from below through the floor and from above through the sieve enveloping the grinding chamber is removed. Be through this sieve Large particles are retained while material to be treated is ground with powder Particles can escape. There is a significant risk of Clogging of the sieve and considerable sieve wear. Furthermore hardly take the larger diameter particles sitting in front of the sieve still participating in the autogenous grinding process.
  • DE 34 31 636 C2 (corresponding to EP 0 219 740 B1) is an annular gap ball mill for continuous fine grinding, especially of mineral ones Hard materials, known with a closed grinding container, in which a rotor is arranged, the outer surface with the inner surface of the Grinding container limited a grinding gap. So-called are in the grinding gap Grinding beads, i.e. Grinding aid body, arranged. The top and bottom of the rotor taper in opposite directions. Because of the double conical design of the grinding gap becomes one Discharge of the auxiliary grinding bodies with the material to be treated through an outlet opening and thus a reduction in the amount of auxiliary grinding media or Prevents grinding effect.
  • the invention has for its object a method and an apparatus to create a continuous autogenous grinding of material to be treated in a particularly simple manner enable even at high throughputs without malfunctions.
  • the essence of the invention is that the particles with concentrated larger diameter in the grinding chamber and there on the one hand as it were as auxiliary grinding bodies for grinding the particles of smaller diameter used and on the other hand itself on the outside be rubbed off. So there are no independent alien grinding aids used; furthermore there is no auxiliary grinding device retention device necessary because they are used as auxiliary grinding bodies Particles remain in the grinding chamber. Malfunctions due to clogging a grinding aid restraint device can no longer occur.
  • the material to be treated is classified into larger particles Diameter, which are used for grinding and in smaller particles Diameter to be ground. The particles bigger Diameters are entered into the grinding chamber of the agitator mill and stay there. Then only the pre-classified material to be treated is used for grinding with particles of smaller diameter through the grinding chamber guided.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 are in the Principle of so-called horizontal agitator mills. These usually show Have a stand 1, which is supported on the floor 2. On the front 3 of the stand 1, a support arm 4 is attached.
  • the drive shaft 9 is in the stand 1 by means of several Bearing 10 rotatably mounted.
  • the grinding container 12 has a cylindrical wall 13 and is on one, the stand 1 facing End by means of a cover 14 and at the opposite end closed by a bottom 15. It encloses a grinding room 16.
  • an agitator shaft 18 is arranged in grinding chamber 16, which penetrates the lid 14.
  • the grinding chamber 16 is by means of seals 19 sealed between the cover 14 and the shaft 18.
  • the wave 18 is overhung, that is, no longer supported in the area of the floor 15.
  • stirring tools 20 along its length in the grinding chamber 16, which in the present case are stirring disks 21.
  • These stirring disks 21 can - as shown on the right in FIG. 1 - additionally with extending parallel to the axis 17, in the form of a Cage arranged stirring bars 22 are provided, by means of which the centrifugal forces increase.
  • the grinding bowl 12 is with an outlet provided that different in the different embodiments is designed. Common to all outlets is that a grinding aid retaining device, as is generally the case with agitator mills, is not provided. With such auxiliary grinder retainers it is either sieves in various designs or so-called separating gap separating devices, such as those described in DE-PS 14 82 391 (corresponds to GB-PS 1 056 257) are described.
  • outlet pipe 25 is arranged, the front with an opening 26th is provided.
  • This outlet pipe 25 extends into the vicinity of the agitator shaft 18, i.e. up to the vicinity of the end stirring disc 21.
  • An this end-side stirring disk 21 is, for example, a truncated cone, attached to the bottom 15 open short tube section 27, which leaves a passage 28 to the floor 15 free.
  • the outlet pipe 25 and the pipe section 27 overlap one another in the direction of the axis 17.
  • the agitator shaft 18 is adjacent to its free end, between the last two stirring disks 21, provided with outlet openings 29 which lead into a drain channel 30 open into the hollow agitator shaft 18.
  • the drain channel 30 opens in the region of the end of the outside of the grinding container 12 Agitator shaft 18 from this.
  • To enhance the centrifugal effect can be the mentioned stirring bars 22 in the region of the opening 29.
  • the agitator shaft 18 is in the area of their free end and also there between the last two each other adjacent stirring disks 21 are provided with outlet openings 31, the in an outlet channel open to the free end of the agitator shaft 18 32 flow into. This in turn opens into an arranged in the floor 15 Outlet pipe 33, which has its end face opposite the free end the agitator shaft 18 leaves only the smallest possible gap.
  • FIG. 4 The embodiment of Fig. 4 is by a vertical agitator mill educated.
  • the inlet connection 23 is provided in the region of the bottom 15 'below, which is provided with an emptying flap 24 '.
  • the outlet is housed in the lid 14 ', where none compared to the agitator shaft 18 Seal is necessary or provided.
  • the outlet is through a Agitator shaft 18 surrounding outlet port 34 formed between the and an annular outlet channel 35 is limited to the shaft 18. This opens into an outlet cup 36 located above the lid 14 ' which in turn opens a discharge line 37.
  • the stirring disk 21 adjacent to the cover 14 ' is only released a very narrow outlet gap 38 to the lid 14 'so that high centrifugal forces are generated in the outlet gap 38.
  • FIG. 5 is in the manner of a high-speed drivable Mixer built.
  • the embodiments according to Fig. 1 to 3 functionally similar parts are given the same reference numerals provided, but with a double prime added becomes. To this extent, no further description is given.
  • the agitator shaft 18 is on the one hand in a bearing 10" in the area of Lid 14 "and on the other hand in a bearing 10" in the area of the floor 15 ", i.e. it is not flying, but is mounted on both ends Passage of the agitator shaft 18 "through the cover 14" on the one hand and the bottom 15 "on the other hand seals 19" are provided.
  • the agitator shaft 18 is provided with stirring tools 20, which are can also act again stirring discs 21; the stirring tools 20 can also be designed as classic shovel-like mixing tools 39 be, as is also shown in Fig. 5.
  • An inlet connection 23 is provided adjacent to the cover 14 ′′ the grinding chamber 16 "opens out.
  • a storage container 40 is provided, which is connected to the inlet connection 23 via a feed line 41 is.
  • a feed line 41 is driven by a motor 42 Pump 43 switched, by means of which the material to be treated is transported.
  • the drain channel 32 ′′ is in turn connected via a return line 44 connected to the reservoir 40.
  • the grinding container 12 '' has its length between the lid 14 "'and the bottom 15"' distributes several Inlet nozzle 23 "'on by means of a common supply line 41 are supplied. From the bottom 15 "'opens an outlet pipe 25 "', which runs concentrically to the central longitudinal axis 17.
  • Die Drive shaft 9 is provided with a pot-shaped agitator that consists of a rotor disk 45 attached to the drive shaft 9 is formed, on the parallel and concentric to the central longitudinal axis 17, extending essentially over the length of the grinding container 12 "' Rods 46 are attached to their adjacent to the floor 15 "' Connected ends for stiffening with a connecting ring 47 could be.
  • the rotor disk 45 with the bars 46 therefore forms a type Cage.
  • On the bars 46 are 20 blades serving as stirring tools or paddle 48 attached, which is close to the wall 13 "'of Extend grinding container 12 "'.
  • the stirring tools 20 therefore sweep over only the radially outer area of the grinding chamber 16 "'.
  • Otherwise 6 are the same reference numerals as in the previous figures have been used insofar as parts are identical. As far as parts functional identical, but slightly different in construction, they are the same Reference number but with a triple prime.
  • the described continuously operating devices are used, among other things, for grinding particularly hard items to be treated; these are, for example, silicates and carbides. However, they are also used to grind low-value bulk goods, such as calcium carbonate, sand (SiO 2 ), mineral substances and in particular ores.
  • the material to be treated is brought into flowable form in water or another suitable liquid and is fed to the grinding container 12 or 12 'or 12 "or 12"' through the inlet connection 23 or the inlet connection 23 "'and through the high-speed rotating stirring tools 20
  • particles of larger diameter are entered into the respective grinding chamber 16, 16 "or 16"'.
  • Two case groups can be distinguished If the coarse particles are partially rubbed off, they have to be refilled in. In the other case group, coarse particles and fine particles are entered from the beginning, whereby the coarse particles are concentrated in the grinding chamber.
  • the coarse particles i.e. the particles of larger diameter
  • the coarse particles have one Size from 0.1 to 5.0 and usually from 1.0 to 2.0 mm.
  • the lower one The limit of their diameter is 0.1 to 0.3 mm, the usual upper limit at 3.0 to 4.0 mm.
  • the fine particles i.e. the particles smaller The diameter of the material to be treated should be by a factor of 0.3 to 0.05 smaller than the particles used as auxiliary grinding bodies larger diameter.
  • the batch located in the storage container 40 can be exchanged be, which are in the grinding chamber 16 or 16 "or 16" ' Amount of material to be treated is not exchanged as it is in this a higher proportion of particles of larger diameter is contained.
  • the power consumption of the drive motor can be used as a key figure for this 5 or 5 "or its current consumption.
  • Basics The aim of regulation is to achieve maximum power consumption. This is achieved through a high concentration of particles large diameter in the grinding chamber. If with an increase in Throughput the power consumption decreases, it can be concluded from this that the proportion of particles of larger diameter in the grinding chamber 16 or 16 "or 16" 'has decreased either by abrasion or but by discharge. In this case, particles must be of larger diameter existing treatment items are added. If this is the case Power consumption increases again, the problem is solved. If this If this is not the case, particles with larger diameters become recognizable carried out; in this case either the throughput of material to be treated be reduced, or in the presence of a variable speed Drive motor 5 increases the speed of the agitator shaft 18, 18 " become.
  • the regulation can be carried out in the manner shown in FIG. 7 become.
  • a speed detection unit 49 which is a speed corresponding signal to a regulating and control device 50.
  • the power consumption of the drive motor 5 continues to be by means of a Power detection device 51 added and to the regulating and control device 50 given.
  • the pump 43 a throughput detector assigned which is a throughput per unit time outputs the corresponding signal to the control device 50.
  • the Throughput detection device 52 can be a speed measuring device act, since pumps operating with no slip or with constant slip the speed is a measure of the throughput.
  • the drive motor 5 assigned a speed adjustment device 53, in which it can be, for example, a frequency converter.
  • the drive motor 42 of the pump 43 is a speed adjustment device 54 assigned, which is also a frequency converter can act.
  • the speed of the drive shaft 9, the power consumption of the drive motor 5 and the flow rate of the pump 43 are used as inputs 55, 56, 57 entered in the regulating and control device 50. Farther a setpoint for the power consumption via an input 58 in the regulation and control device 50 entered. From the regulating and control device 50 is according to the control scheme given above
  • the speed adjustment device 53 of the drive motor via outputs 59, 60 5 and the speed adjustment device of the motor 41 of the pump 43 controlled. In the first case, the speed of the agitator is changed; in the in the second case, the throughput of the pump 43 is changed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum kontinuierlich autogenen Mahlen eines fließfähigen, unlösliche Partikel unterschiedlichen Durchmessers enthaltenden Behandlungsgutes nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1, und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 8.The invention relates to a method for continuously autogenous grinding of a flowable, insoluble particle containing different diameters Treated goods according to the preamble of claim 1, and a device for performing the method according to the preamble of claim 8.

Das Mahlen von besonders harten Materialien, wie Silicaten und Carbiden ist aufwendig. Es ist durch Benutzung in der Praxis bekannt geworden, hierzu Rührwerksmühlen einzusetzen, die jeweils einen zylindrischen Behälter aufweisen, in dem konzentrisch ein hochtourig antreibbares Rührwerk angeordnet ist. Der Mahlbehälter ist zumindest im wesentlichen mit Mahlhilfskörpern gefüllt. Das Behandlungsgut wird in fließfähiger Form, beispielsweise also mit Wasser aufgeschlämmt, dem Behälter an einem Ende zugeführt und verläßt den Behälter am anderen Ende. Das Gemisch aus Behandlungsgut und Mahlhilfskörpern wird durch das Rührwerk in eine intensive Bewegung versetzt, so daß ein intensives Mahlen stattfindet. Im Bereich des Mahlgut-Auslasses muß eine Mahlhilfskörper-Rückhaltevorrichtung vorgesehen sein, mittels derer die Mahlhilfskörper vom Behandlungsgut getrennt werden können, so daß letzteres mahlhilfskörperfrei austreten kann. Beim Mahlen extrem harter Partikel ist der Verschleiß der Mahlhilfskörper groß. Wenn dagegen geringwertige Mahlgüter als Massenprodukte gemahlen werden, dann sind - auch wenn der Mahlhilfskörperverschleiß nicht allzu groß ist - die Kosten des Mahlhilfskörperverschleisses im Vergleich zum Wert des Mahlgutes nicht tragbar. Darüber hinaus ist die Gefahr sehr groß, daß die Mahlhilfskörper-Rückhalte-vorrichtung durch noch zu große Mahlgutpartikel und/oder verschlissene Mahlhilfskörper zugesetzt wird, was zumindest zu Betriebsstörungen oder auch zu einer teilweisen Zerstörung der Rührwerksmühle führen kann. Diese Gefahr besteht ganz besonders dann, wenn mit hohen Durchsätzen an Behandlungsgut, also entsprechend hohen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten des Behandlungsgutes in der Rührwerksmühle gearbeitet wird.The grinding of particularly hard materials such as silicates and carbides is complex. It has become known through use in practice use agitator mills, each with a cylindrical container have in the concentric a high-speed driven agitator is arranged. The grinding container is at least essentially with Auxiliary grinding bodies filled. The material to be treated is in a flowable form, for example, slurried with water, the container on one End fed and leaves the container at the other end. The mixture the material to be treated and auxiliary grinding media are turned into an intensive movement is shifted so that an intensive grinding takes place. In the area of the regrind outlet, a grinder auxiliary device must be used be provided, by means of which the auxiliary grinding bodies can be separated from the material to be treated, so that the latter is free of auxiliary grinding media can leak. Wear is when grinding extremely hard particles the grinding aid body large. If on the other hand low-quality regrind are ground as mass products, then - even if the auxiliary grinding body wear is not too big - the cost of grinding auxiliary body wear not portable compared to the value of the regrind. About that In addition, there is a very great risk that the grinding aid retainer through regrind particles that are still too large and / or worn Grinding auxiliary body is added, which at least leads to malfunctions or can also lead to partial destruction of the agitator mill. This There is a particular danger if the throughput is high Treated goods, i.e. correspondingly high flow rates of the material to be treated is worked in the agitator mill.

Aus der EP 0 247 859 A und der EP 0 376 403 A ist jeweils eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum autogenen Mahlen von harten Feststoffen gemäß den Oberbegriffen der Ansprüche 1 bzw. 8 bekannt. Eingesetzt wird eine Rührwerksmühle mit einem eine Wand und einen Boden aufweisenden Mahlbehälter. Am oberen Rand der Wand des Mahlraums ist ein zylindrisches Sieb als Rückhaltevorrichtung vorgesehen. Das Behandlungsgut wird dem Mahlraum von unten durch den Boden zugeführt und oben durch das den Mahlraum einhüllende Sieb entnommen. Durch dieses Sieb werden große Partikel zurückgehalten, während Behandlungsgut mit zu Pulver gemahlenen Partikeln austreten kann. Es besteht eine erhebliche Gefahr des Zusetzens des Siebes und eines erheblichen Siebverschleisses. Im übrigen nehmen die Partikel größeren Durchmessers, die vor dem Sieb sitzen, kaum noch am autogenen Mahlprozeß teil. EP 0 247 859 A and EP 0 376 403 A each have a device and a process for autogenous milling of hard solids the preambles of claims 1 and 8 known. Is used an agitator mill with a wall and a floor Grinding bowl. At the top of the grinding chamber wall is a cylindrical one Sieve provided as a retention device. The material to be treated is fed to the grinding chamber from below through the floor and from above through the sieve enveloping the grinding chamber is removed. Be through this sieve Large particles are retained while material to be treated is ground with powder Particles can escape. There is a significant risk of Clogging of the sieve and considerable sieve wear. Furthermore hardly take the larger diameter particles sitting in front of the sieve still participating in the autogenous grinding process.

Aus der DE 34 31 636 C2 (entspr. EP 0 219 740 B1) ist eine Ringspalt-Kugelmühle zum kontinuierlichen Feinzerkleinern, insbesondere von mineralischen Hartstoffen, mit einem geschlossenen Mahlbehälter bekannt, in dem ein Rotor angeordnet ist, dessen Außenfläche mit der Innenfläche des Mahlbehälters einen Mahlspalt begrenzt. In dem Mahlspalt sind sogenannte Mahlperlen, d.h. Mahlhilfskörper, angeordnet. Das Oberteil und das Unterteil des Rotors verjüngen sich in entgegengesetzten Richtungen. Aufgrund der doppelt konischen Ausgestaltung des Mahlspaltes wird eine Austragung der Mahlhilfskörper mit dem Behandlungsgut durch eine Auslaßöffnung und damit eine Reduzierung der Mahlhilfskörpermenge bzw. der Mahlwirkung verhindert. Dies ist darauf zurückzuführen, daß ein vorgegebener Mahlhilfskörper-Überschuß sich in der radialen ringförmigen Kammer am oberen Ende des Mahlspaltes, d.h. im Bereich des größten Rotordurchmessers, sammelt, und dort eine schwimmende Sperrschicht bildet, die die aktiven Mahlhilfskörper im Mahlspalt zurückhält, ohne nach der Art eines Siebes oder dergleichen den Austritt des feinstgemahlenen Behandlungsgutes aus dem Mahlspalt in Richtung der Auslaßöffnung zu behindern. Eine nachträgliche Trennung von Mahlhilfskörpern und Behandlungsgut entfällt somit. Dies gilt allerdings nur bei niedrigen Durchsätzen, d.h. bei geringer Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des gemahlenen Behandlungsgutes im Mahlspalt. Bei größeren Durchsätzen und entsprechend höheren Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten des Behandlungsgutes im Mahlspalt werden die Mahlhilfskörper mit ausgetragen, so daß hierbei auch eine nachträgliche Trennung von Mahlhilfskörpern und Behandlungsgut notwendig ist. Die vorstehend angesprochenen Probleme des Mahlkörperverschleisses bestehen hierbei im übrigen auch.DE 34 31 636 C2 (corresponding to EP 0 219 740 B1) is an annular gap ball mill for continuous fine grinding, especially of mineral ones Hard materials, known with a closed grinding container, in which a rotor is arranged, the outer surface with the inner surface of the Grinding container limited a grinding gap. So-called are in the grinding gap Grinding beads, i.e. Grinding aid body, arranged. The top and bottom of the rotor taper in opposite directions. Because of the double conical design of the grinding gap becomes one Discharge of the auxiliary grinding bodies with the material to be treated through an outlet opening and thus a reduction in the amount of auxiliary grinding media or Prevents grinding effect. This is due to the fact that a given Grinding auxiliary excess in the radial annular chamber at the top of the grinding gap, i.e. in the area of the largest rotor diameter, collects, and forms a floating barrier there, which retains the active grinding aids in the grinding gap without after Type of a sieve or the like the outlet of the finely ground material to be treated hinder from the grinding gap towards the outlet opening. A subsequent separation of auxiliary grinding bodies and material to be treated is therefore not applicable. However, this only applies to low throughputs, i.e. at low flow rate of the ground material to be treated in the grinding gap. With larger throughputs and accordingly higher flow velocities of the material to be treated in the grinding gap the auxiliary grinding bodies are also carried out, so that here also a subsequent separation of auxiliary grinding bodies and material to be treated is necessary is. The above-mentioned problems of grinding media wear also exist.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung der eingangs angegebenen Art zu schaffen, die ein kontinuierliches autogenes Mahlen von Behandlungsgut in besonders einfacher Weise auch bei hohen Durchsätzen ohne Betriebsstörungen ermöglichen. The invention has for its object a method and an apparatus to create a continuous autogenous grinding of material to be treated in a particularly simple manner enable even at high throughputs without malfunctions.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Verfahren der eingangs angegebenen Art durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gelöst. Sie wird weiterhin bei einer Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 8 gelöst. Der Kern der Erfindung besteht darin, daß die Partikel mit größerem Durchmesser im Mahlraum aufkonzentriert und dort einerseits gleichsam als Mahlhilfskörper zur Mahlung der Partikel kleineren Durchmessers verwendet und andererseits hierbei selber an ihrer Außenseite abgerieben werden. Es werden also keine eigenständigen artfremden Mahlhilfskörper verwendet; weiterhin ist keine Mahlhilfskörper-Rückhaltevorrichtung notwendig, da die gleichsam als Mahlhilfskörper eingesetzten Partikel im Mahlraum verbleiben. Betriebsstörungen aufgrund des Zusetzens einer Mahlhilfskörper-Rückhaltevorrichtung können also nicht mehr auftreten. Das Behandlungsgut wird klassiert und zwar in Partikel größeren Durchmessers, die zum Mahlen eingesetzt werden und in Partikel kleineren Durchmessers, die gemahlen werden sollen. Die Partikel größeren Durchmesser werden in den Mahlraum der Rührwerksmühle eingegeben und verbleiben dort. Anschließend wird zum Mahlen nur das vorklassierte Behandlungsgut mit Partikeln kleineren Durchmessers durch den Mahlraum geführt.This task is carried out in a method of the type specified at the outset solved by the features of claim 1. She will continue to work for one Device of the type mentioned by the features of the claim 8 solved. The essence of the invention is that the particles with concentrated larger diameter in the grinding chamber and there on the one hand as it were as auxiliary grinding bodies for grinding the particles of smaller diameter used and on the other hand itself on the outside be rubbed off. So there are no independent alien grinding aids used; furthermore there is no auxiliary grinding device retention device necessary because they are used as auxiliary grinding bodies Particles remain in the grinding chamber. Malfunctions due to clogging a grinding aid restraint device can no longer occur. The material to be treated is classified into larger particles Diameter, which are used for grinding and in smaller particles Diameter to be ground. The particles bigger Diameters are entered into the grinding chamber of the agitator mill and stay there. Then only the pre-classified material to be treated is used for grinding with particles of smaller diameter through the grinding chamber guided.

Zahlreiche zum Teil erfinderische Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Numerous, partly inventive, configurations result from the Subclaims.

Weitere Merkmale, Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von fünf Ausführungsbeispielen anhand der Zeichnung. Es zeigt

Fig. 1
eine erste nach Art einer Rührwerksmühle aufgebaute Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zum autogenen Mahlen im Vertikalschnitt in schematischer Darstellung,
Fig. 2
eine zweite nach Art einer Rührwerksmühle aufgebaute Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zum autogenen Mahlen im Vertikalschnitt in schematischer Darstellung,
Fig. 3
eine dritte nach Art einer Rührwerksmühle aufgebaute Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zum autogenen Mahlen im Vertikalschnitt in schematischer Darstellung,
Fig. 4
eine vierte nach Art einer Rührwerksmühle aufgebaute Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zum autogenen Mahlen im Vertikalschnitt in schematischer Darstellung,
Fig. 5
eine fünfte nach Art eines Ringmischers aufgebaute Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zum autogenen Mahlen im Vertikalschnitt in schematischer Darstellung,
Fig. 6
eine sechste nach Art einer Rührwerksmühle aufgebaute Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zum autogenen Mahlen im Vertikalschnitt in schematischer Darstellung und
Fig. 7
ein Regelungs-Blockschaltbild für eine Rührwerksmühle.
Further features, advantages and details of the invention result from the following description of five exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows
Fig. 1
1 shows a first embodiment of a device for autogenous grinding, constructed in the manner of an agitator mill, in vertical section in a schematic illustration,
Fig. 2
2 shows a second embodiment of a device for autogenous grinding, constructed in the manner of an agitator mill, in a vertical section in a schematic illustration,
Fig. 3
3 shows a third embodiment of a device for autogenous grinding, constructed in the manner of an agitator mill, in vertical section in a schematic illustration,
Fig. 4
4 shows a fourth embodiment of a device for autogenous grinding, constructed in the manner of an agitator mill, in vertical section in a schematic illustration,
Fig. 5
5 shows a fifth embodiment of a device for autogenous grinding, constructed in the manner of a ring mixer, in vertical section in a schematic illustration,
Fig. 6
a sixth embodiment of a device for autogenous grinding in vertical section in a schematic representation and constructed in the manner of an agitator mill
Fig. 7
a control block diagram for an agitator mill.

Bei den Ausführungsformen nach den Fig. 1 bis 3 handelt es sich im Grundsatz um sogenannte liegende Rührwerksmühlen. Diese weisen in üblicher Weise einen Ständer 1 auf, der auf dem Boden 2 abgestützt ist. An der Vorderseite 3 des Ständers 1 ist ein Tragarm 4 angebracht.The embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 3 are in the Principle of so-called horizontal agitator mills. These usually show Have a stand 1, which is supported on the floor 2. On the front 3 of the stand 1, a support arm 4 is attached.

Im Ständer ist ein gegebenenfalls drehzahlregelbarer Antriebsmotor 5 untergebracht, der mit einer Keilriemenscheibe 6 versehen ist, von der über Keilriemen 7 und eine weitere Keilriemenscheibe 8 eine Antriebswelle 9 drehantreibbar ist. Die Antriebswelle 9 ist im Ständer 1 mittels mehrerer Lager 10 drehbar gelagert.A drive motor 5, which can be speed-controlled, is accommodated in the stand, which is provided with a V-belt pulley 6, from the V-belt 7 and a further V-belt pulley 8 a drive shaft 9 is driven by rotation. The drive shaft 9 is in the stand 1 by means of several Bearing 10 rotatably mounted.

Auf dem Tragarm 4 ist in entsprechenden Aufnahmen 11 ein im wesentlichen zylindrischer Mahlbehälter 12 abgestützt. Der Mahlbehälter 12 weist eine zylindrische Wand 13 auf und ist an einem, dem Ständer 1 zugewandten Ende mittels eines Deckels 14 und am gegenüberliegenden Ende mittels eines Bodens 15 verschlossen. Er umschließt einen Mahlraum 16.On the support arm 4 is in a corresponding receptacles 11 essentially cylindrical grinding bowl 12 supported. The grinding container 12 has a cylindrical wall 13 and is on one, the stand 1 facing End by means of a cover 14 and at the opposite end closed by a bottom 15. It encloses a grinding room 16.

Konzentrisch zur gemeinsamen Mittel-Längs-Achse 17 von Mahlbehälter 12 und Antriebswelle 9 ist im Mahlraum 16 eine Rührwerks-Welle 18 angeordnet, die den Deckel 14 durchsetzt. Der Mahlraum 16 ist mittels Dichtungen 19 zwischen dem Deckel 14 und der Welle 18 abgedichtet. Die Welle 18 ist fliegend gelagert, also im Bereich des Bodens 15 nicht mehr gelagert. Sie ist über ihre Länge im Mahlraum 16 mit Rührwerkzeugen 20 versehen, bei denen es sich im vorliegenden Fall um Rührscheiben 21 handelt. Diese Rührscheiben 21 können - wie in Fig. 1 rechts dargestellt - zusätzlich mit sich parallel zur Achse 17 erstreckenden, in Form eines Käfigs angeordneten Rührstäben 22 versehen sein, mittels derer die Zentrifugalkräfte erhöht werden.Concentric to the common central longitudinal axis 17 of the grinding container 12 and drive shaft 9, an agitator shaft 18 is arranged in grinding chamber 16, which penetrates the lid 14. The grinding chamber 16 is by means of seals 19 sealed between the cover 14 and the shaft 18. The wave 18 is overhung, that is, no longer supported in the area of the floor 15. It is provided with stirring tools 20 along its length in the grinding chamber 16, which in the present case are stirring disks 21. These stirring disks 21 can - as shown on the right in FIG. 1 - additionally with extending parallel to the axis 17, in the form of a Cage arranged stirring bars 22 are provided, by means of which the centrifugal forces increase.

Am Mahlbehälter 12 ist - benachbart zum Deckel 14 - ein Zulaufstutzen 23 angebracht, durch den zu behandelndes Gut zugeführt wird. An der unten liegenden Seite der Wand 13 des Mahlbehälters 12 ist eine sich über einen wesentlichen Teil der Länge des Mahlbehälters 12 zwischen den Aufnahmen 11 erstreckende Entleerungsklappe 24 angebracht.On the grinding container 12 there is an inlet connection 23 adjacent to the cover 14 attached through which the material to be treated is fed. At the bottom lying side of the wall 13 of the grinding container 12 is one over a essential part of the length of the grinding container 12 between the recordings 11 extending emptying flap 24 attached.

Bei allen Ausführungsformen ist der Mahlbehälter 12 mit einem Auslaß versehen, der bei den verschiedenen Ausführungsformen unterschiedlich ausgestaltet ist. Gemeinsam ist allen Auslässen, daß eine Mahlhilfskörper-Rückhaltevorrichtung, wie sie bei Rührwerksmühlen generell üblich ist, nicht vorgesehen ist. Bei derartigen Mahlhilfskörper-Rückhaltevorrichtungen handelt es sich entweder um Siebe in vielerlei Ausgestaltungen oder um sogenannte Trennspalt-Abtrennvorrichtungen, wie sie beispielsweise in der DE-PS 14 82 391 (entspr. GB-PS 1 056 257) beschrieben sind.In all embodiments, the grinding bowl 12 is with an outlet provided that different in the different embodiments is designed. Common to all outlets is that a grinding aid retaining device, as is generally the case with agitator mills, is not provided. With such auxiliary grinder retainers it is either sieves in various designs or so-called separating gap separating devices, such as those described in DE-PS 14 82 391 (corresponds to GB-PS 1 056 257) are described.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 ist im Boden 15 koaxial zur Achse 17 ein Auslaß-Rohr 25 angeordnet, das stirnseitig mit einer Öffnung 26 versehen ist. Dieses Auslaß-Rohr 25 reicht bis in die Nähe der Rührwerks-Welle 18, d.h. bis in die Nähe der endseitigen Rührscheibe 21. An dieser endseitigen Rührscheibe 21 ist ein beispielsweise kegelstumpfförmiger, zum Boden 15 hin offener kurzer Rohr-Abschnitt 27 angebracht, der zum Boden 15 einen Durchtrittskanal 28 frei läßt. Das Auslaß-Rohr 25 und der Rohr-Abschnitt 27 überdecken einander in Richtung der Achse 17.1 is in the bottom 15 coaxial to the axis 17 an outlet pipe 25 is arranged, the front with an opening 26th is provided. This outlet pipe 25 extends into the vicinity of the agitator shaft 18, i.e. up to the vicinity of the end stirring disc 21. An this end-side stirring disk 21 is, for example, a truncated cone, attached to the bottom 15 open short tube section 27, which leaves a passage 28 to the floor 15 free. The outlet pipe 25 and the pipe section 27 overlap one another in the direction of the axis 17.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2 ist die Rührwerks-Welle 18 benachbart zu ihrem freien Ende, und zwar zwischen den beiden letzten Rührscheiben 21, mit Auslaß-Öffnungen 29 versehen, die in einen Ablaufkanal 30 in der hohlen Rührwerks-Welle 18 einmünden. Der Ablaufkanal 30 mündet im Bereich des außerhalb des Mahlbehälters 12 liegenden Endes der Rührwerkswelle 18 aus dieser aus. Zur Verstärkung des Zentrifugaleffektes können im Bereich der Öffnung 29 die erwähnten Rührstäbe 22 sein. In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the agitator shaft 18 is adjacent to its free end, between the last two stirring disks 21, provided with outlet openings 29 which lead into a drain channel 30 open into the hollow agitator shaft 18. The drain channel 30 opens in the region of the end of the outside of the grinding container 12 Agitator shaft 18 from this. To enhance the centrifugal effect can be the mentioned stirring bars 22 in the region of the opening 29.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 3 ist die Rührwerks-Welle 18 im Bereich ihres freien Endes und auch dort zwischen den beiden letzten einander benachbarten Rührscheiben 21 mit Auslaß-Öffnungen 31 versehen, die in einen zum freien Ende der Rührwerks-Welle 18 hin offenen Ablaufkanal 32 einmünden. Dieser mündet wiederum in ein im Boden 15 angeordnetes Auslaß-Rohr 33, das mit seiner Stirnseite gegenüber dem freien Ende der Rührwerks-Welle 18 nur einen möglichst kleinen Spalt frei läßt.In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the agitator shaft 18 is in the area of their free end and also there between the last two each other adjacent stirring disks 21 are provided with outlet openings 31, the in an outlet channel open to the free end of the agitator shaft 18 32 flow into. This in turn opens into an arranged in the floor 15 Outlet pipe 33, which has its end face opposite the free end the agitator shaft 18 leaves only the smallest possible gap.

Die Ausführungsform nach Fig. 4 wird durch eine vertikale Rührwerksmühle gebildet. Soweit die Teile identisch sind, werden gleiche Bezugsziffern wie bei den Fig. 1 bis 3 verwendet, soweit einzelne Teile nur konstruktiv unterschiedlich, funktionell aber gleich sind, werden die gleichen Bezugsziffern wie bei den Ausführungsformen nach den Fig. 1 bis 3 verwendet, jedoch mit einem hochgesetzten Strich versehen. Der Zulaufstutzen 23 ist hierbei im Bereich des unten liegenden Bodens 15' vorgesehen, der mit einer Entleerungsklappe 24' versehen ist. Der Auslaß ist im Deckel 14' untergebracht, wo gegenüber der Rührwerks-Welle 18 keine Dichtung notwendig bzw. vorgesehen ist. Der Auslaß wird durch einen die Rührwerks-Welle 18 umgebenden Auslaß-Stutzen 34 gebildet, zwischen dem und der Welle 18 ein ringförmiger Auslaß-Kanal 35 begrenzt wird. Dieser mündet in eine oberhalb des Deckels 14' befindliche Auslaß-Tasse 36, aus der wiederum eine Abführ-Leitung 37 ausmündet.The embodiment of Fig. 4 is by a vertical agitator mill educated. As far as the parts are identical, the same reference numbers as used in FIGS. 1 to 3, as far as individual parts only constructively different, but functionally the same, they will same reference numerals as in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 3 used, but with a raised line. The inlet connection 23 is provided in the region of the bottom 15 'below, which is provided with an emptying flap 24 '. The outlet is housed in the lid 14 ', where none compared to the agitator shaft 18 Seal is necessary or provided. The outlet is through a Agitator shaft 18 surrounding outlet port 34 formed between the and an annular outlet channel 35 is limited to the shaft 18. This opens into an outlet cup 36 located above the lid 14 ' which in turn opens a discharge line 37.

Die dem Deckel 14' benachbarte Rührscheibe 21 ist nur unter Freilassung eines sehr schmalen Auslaßspaltes 38 zum Deckel 14' angeordnet, so daß gerade im Auslaßspalt 38 hohe Zentrifugalkräfte erzeugt werden.The stirring disk 21 adjacent to the cover 14 'is only released a very narrow outlet gap 38 to the lid 14 'so that high centrifugal forces are generated in the outlet gap 38.

Während die Ausführungsformen nach den Fig. 1 bis 4 Rührwerksmühlen sind, ist die Ausführungsform nach Fig. 5 nach Art eines hochtourig antreibbaren Mischers aufgebaut. Mit den Ausführungsformen nach den Fig. 1 bis 3 funktionell gleichartige Teile werden mit den gleichen Bezugsziffern versehen, denen jedoch ein hochgesetzter Doppelstrich beigefügt wird. Von einer erneuten Beschreibung wird insoweit Abstand genommen.During the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 4 agitator mills are, the embodiment of FIG. 5 is in the manner of a high-speed drivable Mixer built. With the embodiments according to Fig. 1 to 3 functionally similar parts are given the same reference numerals provided, but with a double prime added becomes. To this extent, no further description is given.

Die Rührwerks-Welle 18" ist einerseits in einem Lager 10" im Bereich des Deckels 14" und andererseits in einem Lager 10" im Bereich des Bodens 15" gelagert, d.h. sie ist nicht fliegend, sondern beidendig gelagert. Am Durchtritt der Rührwerks-Welle 18" durch den Deckel 14" einerseits und den Boden 15" andererseits sind Dichtungen 19" vorgesehen. Die Rührwerks-Welle 18" ist mit Rührwerkzeugen 20 versehen, bei denen es sich ebenfalls wieder um Rührscheiben 21 handeln kann; die Rührwerkzeuge 20 können aber auch als klassische schaufelartige Mischwerkzeuge 39 ausgebildet sein, wie es ebenfalls in Fig. 5 dargestellt ist.The agitator shaft 18 "is on the one hand in a bearing 10" in the area of Lid 14 "and on the other hand in a bearing 10" in the area of the floor 15 ", i.e. it is not flying, but is mounted on both ends Passage of the agitator shaft 18 "through the cover 14" on the one hand and the bottom 15 "on the other hand seals 19" are provided. The agitator shaft 18 "is provided with stirring tools 20, which are can also act again stirring discs 21; the stirring tools 20 can also be designed as classic shovel-like mixing tools 39 be, as is also shown in Fig. 5.

Benachbart zum Deckel 14" ist ein Zulaufstutzen 23 vorgesehen, der in den Mahlraum 16" einmündet.An inlet connection 23 is provided adjacent to the cover 14 ″ the grinding chamber 16 "opens out.

Benachbart zum Boden 15", und zwar auch dort zwischen den beiden letzten Rührscheiben 21, sind in der Rührwerks-Welle 18" Auslaß-Öffnungen 31" ausgebildet, die in einen in der Rührwerksmühle ausgebildeten Ablaufkanal 32" münden, der wiederum hinter dem deckelseitigen Lager 10" austritt. Auch hier können selbstverständlich die geschilderten Rührstäbe 22 vorgesehen werden.Adjacent to the floor 15 ", also there between the last two Stirring discs 21 are in the agitator shaft 18 "outlet openings 31 "formed in a drain channel formed in the agitator mill 32 ", which in turn is behind the cover-side bearing 10" exit. Of course, the stirring bars described can also be used here 22 are provided.

Nur in Fig. 5 ist angedeutet, daß das Behandlungsgut dem Behandlungsprozeß mehrfach zugeführt wird. Hierzu ist ein Vorratsbehälter 40 vorgesehen, der über eine Zuführleitung 41 mit dem Zulaufstutzen 23 verbunden ist. In diese Zuführleitung 41 ist eine von einem Motor 42 angetriebene Pumpe 43 geschaltet, mittels derer der Transport des Behandlungsguts erfolgt. Der Ablaufkanal 32" ist wiederum über eine Rückführleitung 44 mit dem Vorratsbehälter 40 verbunden.Only in Fig. 5 is indicated that the material to be treated is the treatment process is fed several times. For this purpose, a storage container 40 is provided, which is connected to the inlet connection 23 via a feed line 41 is. In this feed line 41 is driven by a motor 42 Pump 43 switched, by means of which the material to be treated is transported. The drain channel 32 ″ is in turn connected via a return line 44 connected to the reservoir 40.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 6 weist der Mahlbehälter 12"' über seine Länge zwischen dem Deckel 14"' und dem Boden 15"' verteilt mehrere Zulaufstutzen 23"' auf, die mittels einer gemeinsamen Zuführleitung 41 versorgt werden. Aus dem Boden 15"' mündet ein Auslaß-Rohr 25"' aus, das konzentrisch zur Mittel-Längs-Achse 17 verläuft. Die Antriebswelle 9 ist mit einem topfförmigem Rührwerk versehen, das aus einer an der Antriebswelle 9 angebrachten Rotorscheibe 45 gebildet ist, an dem parallel und konzentrisch zur Mittel-Längs-Achse 17 verlaufende, sich im wesentlichen über die Länge des Mahlbehälters 12"' erstreckende Stäbe 46 angebracht sind, die an ihren benachbart zum Boden 15"' befindlichen Enden zur Aussteifung mit einem Verbindungring 47 verbunden sein können. Die Rotorscheibe 45 mit den Stäben 46 bildet daher eine Art Käfig. An den Stäben 46 sind als Rührwerkzeuge 20 dienende Schaufeln bzw. Paddel 48 angebracht, die sich bis in die Nähe der Wand 13"' des Mahlbehälters 12"' erstrecken. Die Rührwerkzeuge 20 überstreichen also nur den radial außenliegenden Bereich des Mahlraumes 16"'. Im übrigen sind in Fig. 6 dieselben Bezugsziffern wie in den vorherigen Figuren verwendet worden, soweit Teile identisch sind. Soweit Teile funktionell identisch, aber konstruktiv geringfügig anders sind, sind sie mit derselben Bezugsziffer aber mit einem hochgesetzten Dreifachstrich bezeichnet.In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the grinding container 12 '' has its length between the lid 14 "'and the bottom 15"' distributes several Inlet nozzle 23 "'on by means of a common supply line 41 are supplied. From the bottom 15 "'opens an outlet pipe 25 "', which runs concentrically to the central longitudinal axis 17. Die Drive shaft 9 is provided with a pot-shaped agitator that consists of a rotor disk 45 attached to the drive shaft 9 is formed, on the parallel and concentric to the central longitudinal axis 17, extending essentially over the length of the grinding container 12 "' Rods 46 are attached to their adjacent to the floor 15 "' Connected ends for stiffening with a connecting ring 47 could be. The rotor disk 45 with the bars 46 therefore forms a type Cage. On the bars 46 are 20 blades serving as stirring tools or paddle 48 attached, which is close to the wall 13 "'of Extend grinding container 12 "'. The stirring tools 20 therefore sweep over only the radially outer area of the grinding chamber 16 "'. Otherwise 6 are the same reference numerals as in the previous figures have been used insofar as parts are identical. As far as parts functional identical, but slightly different in construction, they are the same Reference number but with a triple prime.

Die geschilderten kontinuierlich arbeitenden Vorrichtungen werden u.a. zum Mahlen von besonders hartem Behandlungsgut eingesetzt; hierbei handelt es sich beispielsweise um Silicate und Carbide. Sie werden aber auch zum Mahlen von geringwertigen Massengütern, wie Kalziumkarbonat, Sand (SiO2), mineralischen Stoffen und insbesondere Erzen, eingesetzt. Das Behandlungsgut wird in Wasser oder einer anderen geeigneten Flüssigkeit in fließfähige Form gebracht und dem Mahlbehälter 12 bzw. 12' bzw. 12" bzw. 12"' durch den Zulaufstutzen 23 bzw. die Zulaufstutzen 23"' zugeführt und durch die hochtourig umlaufenden Rührwerkzeuge 20 intensiv bewegt. Zu Beginn eines Mahlvorgangs werden Partikel größeren Durchmessers in den jeweiligen Mahlraum 16, 16" bzw. 16"' eingegeben. Hierbei können zwei Fallgruppen unterschieden werden. In einem Fall werden zu Beginn des Mahlprozesses grobe Partikel mit Flüssigkeit eingegeben und dann Feinpartikel laufend nachgegeben, die zerkleinert werden. Wenn die groben Partikel teilweise abgerieben sind, müssen diese wieder nachgefüllt werden. In der anderen Fallgruppe werden von Anfang an grobe Partikel und feine Partikel eingegeben, wobei die groben Partikel im Mahlraum aufkonzentriert werden.The described continuously operating devices are used, among other things, for grinding particularly hard items to be treated; these are, for example, silicates and carbides. However, they are also used to grind low-value bulk goods, such as calcium carbonate, sand (SiO 2 ), mineral substances and in particular ores. The material to be treated is brought into flowable form in water or another suitable liquid and is fed to the grinding container 12 or 12 'or 12 "or 12"' through the inlet connection 23 or the inlet connection 23 "'and through the high-speed rotating stirring tools 20 At the beginning of a grinding process, particles of larger diameter are entered into the respective grinding chamber 16, 16 "or 16"'. Two case groups can be distinguished If the coarse particles are partially rubbed off, they have to be refilled in. In the other case group, coarse particles and fine particles are entered from the beginning, whereby the coarse particles are concentrated in the grinding chamber.

Die groben Partikel, also die Partikel größeren Durchmessers, haben eine Größe von 0,1 bis 5,0 und üblicherweise von 1,0 bis 2,0 mm. Die untere Grenze ihres Durchmessers liegt bei 0,1 bis 0,3 mm, die übliche Obergrenze bei 3,0 bis 4,0 mm. Die feinen Partikel, also die Partikel kleineren Durchmessers des Behandlungsgutes sollten um den Faktor 0,3 bis 0,05 kleiner sein als die gleichsam als Mahlhilfskörper eingesetzten Partikel größeren Durchmessers. Die Mahlbehälter 12 bzw. 12' bzw. 12" bzw. 12"' sind mit dem Behandlungsgut vollständig gefüllt. Die im Behandlungsgut enthaltenen Partikel größeren Durchmessers werden verstärkt in den Außenbereich, d.h. in Richtung zur Wand 13 bzw. 13" des Mahlbehälters 12, 12', 12" bzw. 12"' geschleudert, sie werden also im Mahlraum 16, 16" aufkonzentriert. Die Partikel größeren Durchmessers nehmen am Mahlprozeß teil, und zwar mahlen sie gleichsam als Mahlhilfskörper die kleineren Partikel, wobei sie selber ebenfalls abgerieben werden, bis die angestrebte Partikelgrößenverteilung, erreicht ist. Da das Behandlungsgut im Bereich der Achse 17 bzw. der Welle 18 bzw. 18" durch die geschilderten Auslässe 25, 29, 31, 31", 34, 25"' aus dem Mahlraum 16, 16", 16"' austritt, verbleiben diese größeren Partikel zumindest überwiegend im Mahlraum 16, 16", 16"'. Wenn das Behandlungsgut mehrfach durch den Mahlraum 16 bzw. 16" bzw. 16"' geführt wird, dann sind am Ende auch die größeren Partikel zumindest teilweise zerkleinert. Soweit Partikel größeren Durchmessers mit dem behandelten Mahlgut ausgetragen werden, können sie nicht eine Rückhaltevorrichtung zusetzen, da eine solche nicht vorhanden ist. Alle Auslässe weisen eine minimale Weite a auf, die deutlich größer als die Partikel größeren Durchmessers ist. Die minimale Weite eines Auslasses beträgt mindestens 5 mm in der Regel min destens 10 mm.The coarse particles, i.e. the particles of larger diameter, have one Size from 0.1 to 5.0 and usually from 1.0 to 2.0 mm. The lower one The limit of their diameter is 0.1 to 0.3 mm, the usual upper limit at 3.0 to 4.0 mm. The fine particles, i.e. the particles smaller The diameter of the material to be treated should be by a factor of 0.3 to 0.05 smaller than the particles used as auxiliary grinding bodies larger diameter. The grinding container 12 or 12 'or 12 "or 12 "'are completely filled with the items to be treated. Those in the items to be treated Particles of larger diameter contained are reinforced in the outside area, i.e. towards the wall 13 or 13 "of the grinding container 12, 12 ', 12 "or 12"' flung, so they are in the grinding room 16, 16 "concentrated. Take the larger diameter particles take part in the grinding process, that is to say they grind as auxiliary grinding bodies the smaller particles, whereby they themselves are also rubbed off until the desired particle size distribution is reached. Because the material to be treated in the area of the axis 17 or the shaft 18 or 18 "by the outlets 25, 29, 31, 31 ", 34, 25" 'out of the grinding chamber 16, 16 ", 16" 'emerges, these larger particles remain at least predominantly in the grinding chamber 16, 16 ", 16" '. If the material to be treated is used several times is guided through the grinding chamber 16 or 16 "or 16" ', then on Finally, the larger particles were at least partially crushed. So far Particles of larger diameter are discharged with the treated regrind they can not clog a restraint, because a such does not exist. All outlets have a minimum width a that is significantly larger than the larger diameter particles. The minimum width of an outlet is at least 5 mm, usually min at least 10 mm.

Wenn bei einer Kreislaufmahlung das im Vorratsbehälter 40 befindliche Behandlungsgut bis auf eine vorgegebene Partikelgrößenverteilung gemahlen ist, dann kann die im Vorratsbehälter 40 befindliche Charge ausgewechselt werden, wobei die im Mahlraum 16 bzw. 16" bzw. 16"' befindliche Menge an Behandlungsgut nicht mit ausgetauscht wird, da in diesem noch ein höherer Anteil an Partikeln größeren Durchmessers enthalten ist. Diese Maßnahmen zum Mehrfachdurchlauf von Behandlungsgut durch den Mahlraum 16 bzw. 16" bzw. 16"' können in gleicher Weise auch bei allen anderen Ausführungsformen angewendet werden.If in the case of a circular grinding, the one located in the storage container 40 Treated goods are ground to a specified particle size distribution then the batch located in the storage container 40 can be exchanged be, which are in the grinding chamber 16 or 16 "or 16" ' Amount of material to be treated is not exchanged as it is in this a higher proportion of particles of larger diameter is contained. These measures for the multiple passage of material to be treated by the Grinding room 16 or 16 "or 16" 'can be used in the same way for all other embodiments can be applied.

Damit eine starke Aufkonzentration der Partikel größeren Durchmessers im Mahlraum erfolgt, müssen die Rührwerksdrehzahl einerseits und der Durchsatz des Behandlungsgutes andererseits einander optimal angepaßt werden. Als Kennzahl hierfür kann die Leistungsaufnahme des Antriebsmotors 5 bzw. 5" oder aber dessen Stromaufnahme dienen. Grundsätzliches Ziel einer Regelung ist es, ein Maximum der Leistungsaufnahme zu erreichen. Dies wird wiederum erreicht durch eine hohe Konzentration von Partikeln großen Durchmessers im Mahlraum. Wenn bei einer Steigerung des Durchsatzes die Leistungsaufnahme abnimmt, so ist daraus zu schließen, daß der Anteil an Partikeln größeren Durchmessers im Mahlraum 16 bzw. 16" bzw. 16"' abgenommen hat und zwar entweder durch Abrieb oder aber durch Austrag. In diesem Fall muß aus Partikeln größeren Durchmessers bestehendes Behandlungsgut zugegeben werden. Wenn hierbei die Leistungsaufnahme wieder zunimmt, ist das Problem gelöst. Wenn dies nicht der Fall ist, dann werden erkennbar Partikel größeren Durchmessers ausgetragen; in diesem Fall muß entweder der Durchsatz an Behandlungsgut reduziert werden, oder aber bei Vorhandensein eines drehzahlregelbaren Antriebsmotors 5 die Drehzahl der Rührwerkswelle 18, 18" erhöht werden.So that a strong concentration of particles of larger diameter in Grinding chamber takes place, the agitator speed on the one hand and the Throughput of the material to be treated on the other hand optimally adapted to one another become. The power consumption of the drive motor can be used as a key figure for this 5 or 5 "or its current consumption. Basics The aim of regulation is to achieve maximum power consumption. This is achieved through a high concentration of particles large diameter in the grinding chamber. If with an increase in Throughput the power consumption decreases, it can be concluded from this that the proportion of particles of larger diameter in the grinding chamber 16 or 16 "or 16" 'has decreased either by abrasion or but by discharge. In this case, particles must be of larger diameter existing treatment items are added. If this is the case Power consumption increases again, the problem is solved. If this If this is not the case, particles with larger diameters become recognizable carried out; in this case either the throughput of material to be treated be reduced, or in the presence of a variable speed Drive motor 5 increases the speed of the agitator shaft 18, 18 " become.

Konkret kann die Regelung in der in Fig. 7 dargestellten Weise durchgeführt werden. Mit der Antriebswelle 9 und damit mit der Rührwerks-Welle 18 ist eine Drehzahl-Erfassungseinheit 49 verbunden, die ein der Drehzahl entsprechendes Signal auf eine Regel- und Steuereinrichtung 50 gibt. Es wird weiterhin die Leistungsaufnahme des Antriebsmotors 5 mittels eines Leistungs-Erfassungsgerätes 51 aufgenommen und an die Regel- und Steuereinrichtung 50 gegeben. Es ist weiterhin der Pumpe 43 ein Durchsatz-Erfassungseinrichtung zugeordnet, die ein dem Durchsatz pro Zeiteinheit entsprechendes Signal an die Regel-Steuereinrichtung 50 abgibt. Bei der Durchsatz-Erfassungseinrichtung 52 kann es sich um ein Drehzahlmeßgerät handeln, da bei schlupffrei oder mit konstantem Schlupf arbeitenden Pumpen die Drehzahl ein Maß für den Durchsatz ist. Weiterhin ist dem Antriebsmotor 5 eine Drehzahlverstellvorrichtung 53 zugeordnet, bei der es sich beispielsweise um einen Frequenzumrichter handeln kann. In gleicher Weise ist dem Antriebsmotor 42 der Pumpe 43 eine Drehzahlverstellvorrichtung 54 zugeordnet, bei der es sich ebenfalls um einen Frequenzumrichter handeln kann. Die Drehzahl der Antriebswelle 9, die Leistungsaufnahme des Antriebsmotors 5 und der Durchsatz der Pumpe 43 werden als Eingänge 55, 56, 57 in die Regel- und Steuereinrichtung 50 eingegeben. Weiterhin wird ein Sollwert für die Leistungsaufnahme über einen Eingang 58 in die Regel- und Steuereinrichtung 50 eingegeben. Von der Regel- und Steuereinrichtung 50 wird nach dem vorstehend angegebenen Regelungsschema über Ausgänge 59, 60 die Drehzahlverstellvorrichtung 53 des Antriebsmotors 5 und die Drehzahlverstellvorrichtung des Motors 41 der Pumpe 43 angesteuert. Im ersten Fall wird die Drehzahl des Rührwerks geändert; im zweiten Fall wird der Durchsatz der Pumpe 43 geändert.Specifically, the regulation can be carried out in the manner shown in FIG. 7 become. With the drive shaft 9 and thus with the agitator shaft 18 is connected to a speed detection unit 49 which is a speed corresponding signal to a regulating and control device 50. It the power consumption of the drive motor 5 continues to be by means of a Power detection device 51 added and to the regulating and control device 50 given. It is also the pump 43 a throughput detector assigned which is a throughput per unit time outputs the corresponding signal to the control device 50. In the Throughput detection device 52 can be a speed measuring device act, since pumps operating with no slip or with constant slip the speed is a measure of the throughput. Furthermore, the drive motor 5 assigned a speed adjustment device 53, in which it can be, for example, a frequency converter. In the same The drive motor 42 of the pump 43 is a speed adjustment device 54 assigned, which is also a frequency converter can act. The speed of the drive shaft 9, the power consumption of the drive motor 5 and the flow rate of the pump 43 are used as inputs 55, 56, 57 entered in the regulating and control device 50. Farther a setpoint for the power consumption via an input 58 in the regulation and control device 50 entered. From the regulating and control device 50 is according to the control scheme given above The speed adjustment device 53 of the drive motor via outputs 59, 60 5 and the speed adjustment device of the motor 41 of the pump 43 controlled. In the first case, the speed of the agitator is changed; in the in the second case, the throughput of the pump 43 is changed.

Claims (24)

  1. A method for the continuous autogenous grinding of free-flowing stock containing insoluble particles of varying diameter,
    wherein the stock is supplied to a grinding chamber (16, 16', 16"') located in a grinding receptacle (12, 12', 12", 12"') which has a wall (13, 13', 13", 13"') and a bottom (15, 15', 15", 15"'), where it is set rotating concentrically of an axis (17), and wherein insoluble particles of greater diameter are concentrated in the grinding chamber (16, 16", 16"') superproportionally as compared to particles of smaller diameter,
    characterized
    in that - at an end of the grinding chamber (16, 16', 16"') closed by a lid (14, 14', 14", 14"') - the stock is discharged from the grinding chamber (16, 16', 16"') through an outlet aperture in the vicinity of the axis (17), the minimum width a of the outlet aperture being substantially greater than the particles of greater diameter.
  2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the particles of smaller diameter are smaller than the particles of greater diameter by the factor 0.3 to 0.05.
  3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that predominantly particles of greater diameter are supplied to the grinding chamber (16, 16", 16"') at the beginning of a grinding operation, particles of smaller diameter being predominantly supplied during the ensuing grinding operation.
  4. A method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that - referred to the axis (17) - stock is supplied to one end of the grinding chamber (16, 16"') and is discharged from the grinding chamber (16, W') at the other end.
  5. A method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that - referred to the axis (17) - stock is supplied along the length of the grinding chamber (16"').
  6. A method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the stock is repeatedly run through the grinding chamber (16, 16"').
  7. A method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that for the discharge of inorganic particles of higher density and/or greater diameter from the grinding chamber (16, 16", 16"'), the supply of stock to the grinding chamber (16, 16", 16"') is reduced and/or the rotation is increased.
  8. An apparatus for putting into practice the method according to one of claims 1 to 7, comprising
    a grinding receptacle (12, 12', 12", 12"') enclosing a grinding chamber (16, 16", 16"'), which is free from auxiliary grinding bodies, by means of a wall (13, 13', 13", 13"') and a bottom (15, 15', 15", 15"');
    an agitator unit rotatably disposed in the grinding receptacle (12, 12', 12", 12"') concentrically of the axis (17) thereof;
    agitator elements (20) attached to the agitator unit; a drive motor (5, 5') coupled with the agitator unit;
    at least one stock supply connector (23, 23"') opening into the grinding chamber (16, 16", 16"'); and
    at least one outlet (25, 25"'; 29; 31, 31"; 34) for treated stock
    characterized
    in that the grinding chamber (16, 16", 16"') is closed by a lid (14, 14', 14", 14"'); and
    in that the at least one outlet (25, 25"'; 29; 31, 31"; 34) is disposed in the vicinity of the axis (17) and does not comprise an auxiliary grinding body retaining device.
  9. An apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the outlet is an outlet pipe (25), which is disposed concentrically of a cantilevered agitator shaft (18) and which is open frontally thereto.
  10. An apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that in the direction of the axis (17), the outlet pipe (25) is at least partially covered by a pipe section (27) connected with the agitator shaft (18).
  11. An apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that a passage (28) is formed between the pipe section (27) and an adjacent bottom (15) of the grinding receptacle (12) and/or between the outlet pipe (25) and the agitator shaft (18).
  12. An apparatus according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the outlet is formed by at least one outlet aperture (29, 31, 31") provided in an agitator shaft (18, 18") and opening into a discharge conduit (30, 32, 32") located in the agitator shaft (18, 18").
  13. An apparatus according to one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the outlet is an annular outlet passage (35) encircling an agitator shaft (18).
  14. An apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the outlet passage (35) is defined by an outlet connector (34), which is provided in a lid (14') of the grinding receptacle (12') and forms a passage for the agitator shaft (18).
  15. An apparatus according to one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that at least one agitator element (20) is provided in direct vicinity to an outlet (25; 29; 31, 31"; 34).
  16. An apparatus according to claims 12 and 15, characterized in that - referred to the axis (17) - at least one agitator element (20) is mounted on the agitator shaft (18, 18") on either side of the at least one outlet aperture (29, 31, 31").
  17. An apparatus according to one of claims 8 to 16, characterized in that the agitator elements (20) are agitator disks (21).
  18. An apparatus according to one of claims 8 to 17, in particular according to claim 16, characterized in that agitator rods (22) disposed in the way of a cage approximately parallel to the axis (17) are provided on the agitator elements (20).
  19. An apparatus according to one of claims 8 to 18, in particular according to one of claims 8 to 11 and 14 to 17, characterized in that the grinding receptacle (12, 12", 12"') is approximately horizontal.
  20. An apparatus according to one of claims 8 to 18, in particular according to one of claims 8 and 12 to 17, characterized in that the grinding receptacle (12') is substantially vertical and wherein the supply connector (23) opens into the lower portion of the grinding receptacle (12') and wherein the outlet (35) is provided in the upper portion of the grinding receptacle (12').
  21. An apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the agitator unit is provided with rods (46) in the way of a cup-shaped cage, which extend parallel and concentrically of the axis (17) and to which agitator elements (20) are attached in the way of blades or paddles (48), respectively.
  22. An apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that several supply connectors (23"') open into the grinding chamber (16"'), which are disposed on the wall (13"') of the grinding receptacle (12") in a manner distributed along the wall (13"') thereof.
  23. An apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the at least one outlet (25, 25"'; 29; 31, 31"; 34) for treated stock has a minimum width (a) of at least 5 mm and preferably at least 10 mm.
  24. An apparatus according to one of claims 8 to 23, characterized in that a control unit (50) is provided for the increase of the speed of the agitator unit and/or for the reduction of the supply of stock upon decrease of the power draw of the drive motor (5, 5").
EP95113662A 1994-09-09 1995-08-31 Method and apparatus for continously autogenously milling a flowable processing material Expired - Lifetime EP0700724B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4432153A DE4432153A1 (en) 1994-09-09 1994-09-09 Method and device for the continuous autogenous grinding of a flowable material to be treated
DE4432153 1994-09-09
US08/524,639 US5570846A (en) 1994-09-09 1995-09-07 Method and apparatus for the continuous autogenous grinding of free-flowing stock

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0700724A1 EP0700724A1 (en) 1996-03-13
EP0700724B1 true EP0700724B1 (en) 2000-01-26
EP0700724B2 EP0700724B2 (en) 2005-09-21

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95113662A Expired - Lifetime EP0700724B2 (en) 1994-09-09 1995-08-31 Method and apparatus for continously autogenously milling a flowable processing material

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US5570846A (en)
EP (1) EP0700724B2 (en)
JP (1) JPH0889836A (en)
CN (1) CN1041998C (en)
BR (1) BR9503976A (en)
CA (1) CA2157700A1 (en)
DE (1) DE4432153A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA957582B (en)

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DE19528958A1 (en) * 1995-08-08 1997-02-13 Hoechst Ag Autogenous grinding of silicon nitride
DE19635500B4 (en) * 1996-09-03 2008-01-10 Zoz Gmbh Apparatus for the high-energy and / or pulverization of solids and method for its operation
EP2488290B2 (en) 2009-10-15 2022-03-30 Bühler AG Method and use for comminution
DE102010012620A1 (en) * 2010-03-24 2011-09-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for operating a mill
CN102553686B (en) * 2012-03-15 2013-07-24 李强 Shaft-driven ball grinding mill
DE102013215257A1 (en) 2013-08-02 2015-02-05 Wacker Chemie Ag Process for comminuting silicon and use of comminuted silicon in a lithium-ion battery
DE102013021757A1 (en) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Netzsch Trockenmahltechnik Gmbh Machine with floating rotor
TW201540358A (en) * 2014-04-29 2015-11-01 Univ Nat Cheng Kung Exfoliator, exfoliating apparatus and exfoliating method
CN106436424B (en) * 2016-12-19 2017-11-10 重庆市沃利克环保设备有限公司 Multi-functional paper/plastic cleaning separation, which is quenched, starches equipment
CN110681451B (en) * 2019-10-18 2024-04-30 内蒙古超牌新材料股份有限公司 Anti-overflow vertical wet ball mill and anti-overflow control method thereof
CN114459222B (en) * 2022-02-22 2023-01-31 郑州鼎力新能源设备有限公司 Be used for saw-dust drying process device

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0700724B2 (en) 2005-09-21
CN1041998C (en) 1999-02-10
DE4432153A1 (en) 1996-03-14
EP0700724A1 (en) 1996-03-13
CA2157700A1 (en) 1996-03-10
US5570846A (en) 1996-11-05
ZA957582B (en) 1996-04-15
JPH0889836A (en) 1996-04-09
BR9503976A (en) 1996-09-24
CN1119556A (en) 1996-04-03

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