EP0695652B1 - Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Zustandes der Reifen und der Temperatur der Bremsen eines Fahrzeugs - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Zustandes der Reifen und der Temperatur der Bremsen eines Fahrzeugs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0695652B1
EP0695652B1 EP95111226A EP95111226A EP0695652B1 EP 0695652 B1 EP0695652 B1 EP 0695652B1 EP 95111226 A EP95111226 A EP 95111226A EP 95111226 A EP95111226 A EP 95111226A EP 0695652 B1 EP0695652 B1 EP 0695652B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
wheel
coil
antenna
monitoring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95111226A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0695652A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Francois
Gilbert Pellizzaro
Xavier Tromeur
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Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
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Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
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Publication of EP0695652A1 publication Critical patent/EP0695652A1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
    • B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
    • B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
    • B60C23/0408—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver
    • B60C23/0422—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver characterised by the type of signal transmission means
    • B60C23/0427—Near field transmission with inductive or capacitive coupling means
    • B60C23/043—Near field transmission with inductive or capacitive coupling means using transformer type signal transducers, e.g. rotary transformers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
    • B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
    • B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
    • B60C23/0408—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver
    • B60C23/0418—Sharing hardware components like housing, antenna, receiver or signal transmission line with other vehicle systems like keyless entry or brake control units
    • B60C23/042—Sharing hardware components like housing, antenna, receiver or signal transmission line with other vehicle systems like keyless entry or brake control units cooperating with wheel hub mounted speed sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
    • B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
    • B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
    • B60C23/0408—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver
    • B60C23/0422—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver characterised by the type of signal transmission means
    • B60C23/0433—Radio signals
    • B60C23/0447—Wheel or tyre mounted circuits
    • B60C23/0455—Transmission control of wireless signals
    • B60C23/0462—Structure of transmission protocol
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
    • B60C23/20—Devices for measuring or signalling tyre temperature only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • F16D2066/001—Temperature

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for monitoring the state of tires of a vehicle as well as their environment, in particular the braking system temperature.
  • Numerous devices for monitoring the condition of vehicle tires known do not simply set off an alarm when the pressure of one of tires is less than a given threshold but continuously transmit to a central unit connected to a display device arranged near the driver the internal pressure of the tires as well as, for some of them, the internal temperature of said tires.
  • a display device arranged near the driver the internal pressure of the tires as well as, for some of them, the internal temperature of said tires.
  • Such a device is described, by example, in application WO89 / 05737.
  • Patent US5050110 proposes, to correct errors due to overheating of the braking devices, to have a sensor near these braking devices temperature in addition to those that measure the internal temperature of tires. This device can, of course, detect an abnormal heating braking devices. However, it requires increasing the number of sensors measurement in the vehicle, which is expensive.
  • the subject of the invention is a device for monitoring the condition of tires of a vehicle as well as the brake temperature which does not require increasing the number of measurement sensors.
  • hub is meant the rotating hub of the wheel properly said, as well as any other rotating organ attached to it, such as crown of counting of an anti-lock braking system (A.B.R.), rotating joint parts, etc.
  • hub carrier means the hub carrier of the wheel proper, as well as any non-rotating member attached to it, such as an oil recovery unit, A.B.R. sensor holder, etc.
  • wheel is understood to mean the assembly constituted by the two adjoining wheels to each other when mounting twin tires and a wheel usual during pneumatic mounting in single.
  • environment of the braking members is meant all of the parts mechanics arranged near the braking devices whose temperature is significantly dependent on the heating of these braking members due to direct thermal transfers.
  • the monitoring device comprises a central unit and for each wheel at least one measurement sensor connected by first means of electrical connection to a rotating antenna secured to the wheel hub as well as a fixed antenna secured to the hub carrier of said wheel and coupled to said antenna rotating, said fixed antenna being connected by second connecting means electric to said central unit, said antennas being arranged in the environment of the braking members of said wheel and said central unit transmitting to the driver the results of the measurements and / or an alarm if a state tire abnormality is detected.
  • This device is characterized in that it comprises means for estimating the temperature of said braking members, said means including at least one of said antennas sensitive to variations in temperature.
  • This device has the advantage of not requiring the installation of any sensor for measuring additional temperature to estimate the temperature of the braking devices.
  • At least one of the antennas comprises a wire winding conductor whose electrical resistance varies with temperature and we estimate the temperature of said braking members by measuring the electrical resistance of this winding.
  • the temperature measurement is made cyclically between two phases of transfer by inductive coupling. This has the advantage of not introducing self-heating in the antenna winding.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the installation of the device monitoring system. vehicle tires on a rear axle wheel of a heavy-duty tractor fitted with drum brakes.
  • fixed antenna an antenna made integral with the hub carrier 14 no turning of the wheel axle 2.
  • the two antennas are arranged in the environment of the braking members comprising the brake drum 12 mounted inside the bell 13.
  • the wheel module 1 comprises a sensor for measuring the inflation pressure and, preferably a sensor for measuring the air temperature of the tires. These sensors have two measurement channels when they equip a set of two twin wheels.
  • the module also includes the electronics necessary to store the electrical energy necessary for its excitation transmitted by the central unit 9, code and transmit the measurements to the central unit 9. Such a module is described in the applications WO87 / 00127, WO87 / 00129 and WO89 / 05737.
  • Figure 3 shows an example of installation of two fixed and rotating antennas 6 7 in the environment of the braking members of an axle equipped with an anti-lock sensor wheel.
  • the two antennas have a support 20, 21 of cross section in the shape of " ⁇ " whose axis of revolution coincides with that of the axle, a cavity 22, 23 between the upper bars of " ⁇ "; in the cavity 22, 23 is wound a coil 24, 25 of conductive wire then a protective resin 26, 27.
  • the support 20 of the fixed antenna 6 is fixed to a support 28 of an anti-blocking sensor wheel 29, the support 28 itself being integral with an oil collector 30 attached to the fixed hub holder 14.
  • the support 21 of the rotating antenna 7 is fixed to a counting ring 31 of the anti-lock braking system, the ring counting 31 being itself made integral with the rotating hub 15.
  • the invention can be implemented by using to estimate the temperature of the braking devices, either the fixed antenna 6, or the rotating antenna 7, or both.
  • the fixed antenna can be wound with a copper wire of diameter 16/10 of mm.
  • the antenna resistance is 50 ⁇ at 20 ° C and 104 ⁇ at 300 ° C, taking into account the resistivity of copper equal to 1.724 ⁇ ohm.cm, and the temperature coefficient ⁇ of 0.00393.
  • the resistance variation of the coil of the fixed antenna will therefore be of the order of 66 ⁇ .
  • the diagram in Figure 4 illustrates the circuit for measuring the electrical resistance of the winding of the fixed antenna 6.
  • the antenna is represented by a resistor R in series with an inductance L.
  • the unit control unit 9 includes a direct current generator G and a measurement voltmeter V.
  • the measurement circuit includes, in series, the antenna winding (R and L) and the current generator G, and it includes the voltmeter V connected in parallel to the two ends of the coil 24 of the fixed antenna 6.
  • a direct current I is injected by the current generator G into the circuit. Then the voltmeter V measures the potential difference U between the two terminals of the coil 24 of the antenna conductor wire. The U / I ratio gives the value of the winding resistance R. From a calibration chart, we can then obtain the antenna temperature. Estimation of the temperature of braking devices can then be made by reference to a second calibration chart.
  • the rotating antenna 7 can also be used alone, or in addition to the antenna fixed 6, to estimate the temperature of the braking devices.
  • the measurement of the electrical resistance of the coil 25 of the antenna rotating 7 is performed in the same way as for the fixed antenna 6.
  • the energy electric used is that transmitted by the central unit 9 by inductive coupling according to the teaching of application WO87 / 00129.
  • the wheel module 1 must then understand the means necessary to measure the temperature of the winding 25, code this measurement and transmit it to the central unit according to, for example, the sequence shown in Figure 6.
  • This figure 6 presents a dialogue cycle between the central unit 9 and a module of wheel 1.

Claims (5)

  1. Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Zustandes der Reifen eines Fahrzeugs und ihrer Umgebung, mit einer Zentraleinheit (9) und für jedes Rad (2) mit einem Radmodul (1) mit mindestens einem Meßfühler, wobei das genannte Modul (1) durch erste elektrische Verbindungsmittel mit einer rotierenden Antenne (7) verbunden ist, die fest mit der Nabe (15) des Rades (2) verbunden ist, sowie mit einer festen Antenne (6), die fest mit dem Nabenträger (15) des genannten Rades (2) verbunden ist und mit der genannten rotierenden Antenne (7) gekoppelt ist, wobei die genannte feste Antenne (6) durch zweite elektrische Verbindungsmittel mit der genannten Zentraleinheit (9) verbunden ist, die genannte Zentraleinheit (9) an den Fahrer die Meßergebnisse und/oder einen Alarm überträgt, wenn ein anomaler Zustand der Reifen erfaßt ist, die genannten Antennen in der Umgebung von Bremsorganen (12, 13) des genannten Rades angeordnet sind, und die genannte Vorrichtung dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß sie Mittel zum Abschätzen der Temperatur der genannten Bremsorgane (12, 13) aufweist, und daß die genannten Mittel mindestens eine der genannten Antennen (6, 7) umfassen, die auf Temperaturänderungen anspricht.
  2. Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Zustandes von Reifen eines Fahrzeugs, nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die mindestens eine der Antennen (6, 7) eine Spule (24, 25) aus leitfähigem Draht aufweist, dessen elektrischer Widerstand sich mit der Temperatur ändert.
  3. Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Vorrichtung zum Überwachen des Zustands von Reifen eines Fahrzeugs und ihrer Umgebung nach Anspruch 2, worin zum Durchführen der Messung des genannten elektrischen Widerstandes der genannten Spule (24, 25):
    man einen elektrischen Gleichstrom in der genannten Spule fließen läßt;
    man die Potentialdifferenz zwischen den beiden Enden der genannten Spule mißt;
    man den elektrischen Widerstand der genannten Spule errechnet;
    man daraus die mittlere Temperatur der genannten Spule unter Bezugnahme auf ein Vergleichsdiagramm ableitet; und
    man die Temperatur der Bremsorgane unter Bezugnahme auf ein zweites Vergleichsdiagramm abschätzt.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3,
    die Temperaturmessung zyklisch zwischen zwei Phasen der Übertragung durch induktive Koppelung durchgeführt wird.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 und 3, worin dem Fahrer ein Alarm übermittelt wird, wenn die Temperatur der Bremsorgane höher ist als ein vorgegebener Schwellenwert.
EP95111226A 1994-08-01 1995-07-18 Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Zustandes der Reifen und der Temperatur der Bremsen eines Fahrzeugs Expired - Lifetime EP0695652B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9409612A FR2723037A1 (fr) 1994-08-01 1994-08-01 Dispositif de surveillance de l'etat des pneumatiques et de la temperature des freins d'un vehicule
FR9409612 1994-08-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0695652A1 EP0695652A1 (de) 1996-02-07
EP0695652B1 true EP0695652B1 (de) 1998-12-30

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95111226A Expired - Lifetime EP0695652B1 (de) 1994-08-01 1995-07-18 Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Zustandes der Reifen und der Temperatur der Bremsen eines Fahrzeugs

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5936155A (de)
EP (1) EP0695652B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69506961T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2723037A1 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5936155A (en) 1999-08-10
EP0695652A1 (de) 1996-02-07
DE69506961T2 (de) 1999-06-02
DE69506961D1 (de) 1999-02-11
FR2723037A1 (fr) 1996-02-02

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