EP0695458B1 - Dispositif de commutation - Google Patents

Dispositif de commutation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0695458B1
EP0695458B1 EP95905010A EP95905010A EP0695458B1 EP 0695458 B1 EP0695458 B1 EP 0695458B1 EP 95905010 A EP95905010 A EP 95905010A EP 95905010 A EP95905010 A EP 95905010A EP 0695458 B1 EP0695458 B1 EP 0695458B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current
contact
breaker
switching device
electrodes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95905010A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0695458A1 (fr
Inventor
Lutz Niemeyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland, ABB Research Ltd Sweden filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Publication of EP0695458A1 publication Critical patent/EP0695458A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0695458B1 publication Critical patent/EP0695458B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6661—Combination with other type of switch, e.g. for load break switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/14—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc
    • H01H33/143—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc of different construction or type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
    • H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
    • H01H77/10—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a switching device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a switching device is preferred in one High-voltage network used and there is preferably used for switching large currents with high steepness of the recurring voltage.
  • the invention relates to a prior art, such as that specified in US 4,087,664 A.
  • a switching device for a high-voltage network described in this prior art contains two power connections, between which a compressed gas switch with SF 6 as the extinguishing gas and a vacuum switch are arranged in series.
  • the vacuum switch is designed in such a way that it can carry and switch both nominal and short-circuit currents. Such a vacuum switch is therefore very complex.
  • the vacuum switch is driven separately and synchronized with the compressed gas switch. Since the vacuum switch has a much smaller stroke than the compressed gas switch, this also results in considerable effort for driving and controlling the vacuum switch.
  • the vacuum switch requires a very high contact pressure force in order to prevent premature lifting of its electrodes, which may have flowed through by short-circuit current, in the switched-on state.
  • the task is based on a switching device of the type mentioned at the beginning, which with low Effort can be made and operated and still large currents with high steepness to the recurring voltage able to interrupt
  • the switching device according to the invention is characterized by practically maintenance-free operation and excellent switching capacity out. Since there are no large ones on the at least one vacuum switch Disconnection power and continuous current load requirements can be put, the inventive Switching device also manufactured extremely inexpensively will.
  • the at least one vacuum switch can be one in the Medium voltage technology used in large numbers and therefore be a particularly inexpensive series product. This is because of it conditioned that the at least one vacuum switch shunted to a nominal current path of the pressure gas switch and is therefore included Nominal current operation at most a small fraction of the the switching device leads flowing nominal current. Only above The vacuum switch becomes a certain short-circuit current value the switching device according to the invention in the now short-circuit current leading current path commutates. The one through the Vacuum switch flowing high short-circuit current generates strong electrodynamic forces affecting the electrodes of the vacuum switch drive apart and thus interrupt the short-circuit current.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the switching devices according to the invention contains instead of at least one vacuum switch a module with two or more similar, mutually identical vacuum switches connected and aligned in parallel.
  • a Such module has the additional advantage that Distribution of the short-circuit current over several small vacuum switches with a low breaking capacity after the switching device the invention can be produced particularly inexpensively.
  • To preference is given to using a module with three similar vacuum switches connected in parallel to each other, which are aligned in parallel at the corners of an equilateral Triangles are arranged. With such a module if a low inductance current supply is achieved, the Current to be switched off evenly on the three vacuum switches distributed, and become the ones that drive the electrodes electrodynamic current forces symmetrically on the three Split vacuum switch.
  • the switching device shown in Fig. 1 is intended for use in high-voltage networks with voltages of typically 100 and more kV and contains a cylindrical housing 1 filled with SF 6 or another insulating gas with a jacket made of insulating material and with two cover plates, the upper of which as one of two power connections 2, 3 of the switching device is used.
  • the upper cover plate carries a sliding contact 4 and has an opening (not designated) through which a switching piece 6, which is displaceable in the direction of the axis of the housing 1 and is contacted by the contact 4, is guided out of the housing 1.
  • the switching piece 6 has at its free end facing away from the drive 5 in a coaxial arrangement a hollow erosion contact 7 and a hollow nominal current contact 8 surrounding the erosion contact.
  • the lower cover plate of the housing 1 is designed as a disk insulator 9 and carries an erosion contact 10 which is aligned along the axis of the housing 1 and is guided through the disk insulator 9 11 flanged, whereas a metal housing 12 of a module 13 is flanged on the opposite side of the window insulator 9.
  • the module 13 contains several, preferably three, axially symmetrical of the same kind distributed around the axis of the housing 12 Vacuum switch 14, only two of which are shown.
  • the Vacuum switches are comparatively small and have dimensions each have a relatively low high-voltage switching capacity. Inexpensive series products can therefore be used as vacuum switches 14 are used, such as those produced in large numbers Vacuum tubes for voltages of typically 10 to 40 kV.
  • Each of the vacuum switches 14 has a fixed 15 and one movable electrode 16.
  • the fixed electrodes 15 of the Vacuum switches 14 are plate-shaped on one side Contact bridge 17 attached.
  • the contact bridge 17 carries on the opposite side a hollow contact 18.
  • This hollow Contact is in electrically conductive engagement with one is not designated counter contact of the gas pressure switch, which on the end of the erosion contact 7 led out of the housing 1 is provided.
  • the movable electrodes 16 of the vacuum switch 14 are rigid by a plate-shaped current collector 19th held and are flexible via the current collector 19 Conductor pieces 20 and a conductive portion of the Module housing 12 with the power connection 3 of the switching device electrically connected.
  • the current collector 19 acts Drive system 21, which exclusively from one Vacuum switch 14 flowing through during a switch-off process Short-circuit current is actuated.
  • This switching device is in the switched-on state (right part of Fig. 1) rated current predominantly in one Power connection 2, the sliding contact 4, the nominal current contacts 8, 11, flange connection screws 22, the housing 12 and the Power connection 3 comprehensive rated current path. Because of the comparatively high resistance becomes a proportionate low proportion of the nominal current in a parallel to the nominal current path switched extinguishing current path.
  • This extinguishing current path comprises the power connection 2, the sliding contact 4, the erosion contacts 7, 10, the hollow contact 18, the contact bridge 17, the Electrodes 15 and 16 of the vacuum switches connected in parallel to one another 14, the current collector 19, the flexible conductor pieces 20, the housing 12 and the power connector 3. Since the vacuum switch practically no nominal current, they can be small be dimensioned.
  • the spring constant of the spring 23 and the inertial masses of the Current collector 19, the rigidly connected movable Electrodes 16 and other moving parts of the module 13, such as of the flexible conductor pieces 20 are dimensioned such that in the case of a switch-off process, the electrodes 15, 16 are closed only after the safe interruption of the power to be switched off he follows. As a result, the electrodes 15, 16 are welded together Vacuum switch 14 largely prevented.
  • the current commutated into the quenching current path when switched off flows - as illustrated by arrows - in the impact anchor 24 from the two ends to the center and in the busbar 25 in opposite direction from the center outwards into the housing 12. Therefore, one acts against the force on the impact anchor 24 the spring 27 directed electrodynamic force. Above the set limit of the current to be switched off leads the electrodynamic force the impact anchor 24 at high speed against the current collector 19. The impact anchor 24 strikes with great force on the current collector 19 and thus opens the Electrodes 15, 16 against the force of the contact pressure spring 23 suddenly.
  • the erosion contact 7 When switching off, the erosion contact 7 is not shown by a Drive guided downwards.
  • the current to be switched off commutates into the quenching current path after opening the nominal current path and flows from the burn-off contact 10 led downwards over the hollow contact 18, the contact bridge 17, the closed Electrodes 15, 16, the current collector 19, the flexible conductor pieces 20 and the housing 12 for the power connection 3 (left part from Fig. 5).
  • the contact bridge 17 strikes one isolated stop 28 held in the housing 12.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Dispositif pour commuter un courant électrique, contenant un commutateur de gaz comprimé, au moins un commutateur à vide (14) et deux raccords électriques (2, 3), avec lequel un premier contact pare-étincelles (10) du commutateur à gaz comprimé est relié électriquement avec une électrode (15) fixe de l'au moins un commutateur à vide (14), un deuxième contact pare-étincelles (7) du commutateur à gaz comprimé avec un premier (2) des deux raccords électriques (2, 3) et une électrode (16) mobile du commutateur à vide (14) avec un deuxième (3) des deux raccords électriques (2, 3) en formant une branche de courant d'effacement, et avec lequel, lors d'une coupure, les deux contacts pare-étincelles (7, 10) du commutateur à gaz comprimé sont séparés l'un de l'autre par un entraínement (5) le long d'un axe, caractérisé par le fait que les deux raccords électriques (2, 3) sont chacun reliés électriquement avec l'un des deux contacts de courant nominal (8, 11) du commutateur à gaz comprimé en formant une branche de courant nominal disposée parallèlement à la branche de courant d'effacement, et que les deux électrodes (15, 16) de l'au moins un commutateur à vide (14) peuvent être séparées l'une de l'autre dans le sens axial sans utiliser l'entraínement (5) et sont soumises à une force presseuse de contact, laquelle empêche la séparation des électrodes (15, 16) en raison des forces électrodynamiques en dessous d'une valeur de seuil du courant commuté dans la branche de courant d'effacement après l'ouverture des contacts de courant nominal (8, 11) lors de la coupure.
  2. Dispositif pour commuter un courant électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'au moins un commutateur à vide (14) est disposé de manière à pouvoir coulisser dans le sens axial.
  3. Dispositif de commutation selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que deux ou plusieurs commutateurs à vide (14) sont branchés en parallèle dans la branche de courant d'effacement.
  4. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que l'on prévoit trois commutateurs à vide (14) qui sont chacun disposés sur un coin d'un triangle équilatéral.
  5. Dispositif de commutation selon l'une des revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisé par le fait que les commutateurs à vide (14) sont disposés dans un module (13) contenant un pont de contact (17) et un collecteur de courant (19), que les électrodes (15) fixes des commutateurs à vide (14) et un contact (18) agissant conjointement avec un contact opposé du commutateur à gaz comprimé sont fixés de manière conductrice sur les côtés opposés du pont de contact (17), et que les électrodes (16) mobiles des commutateurs à vide (14) sont fermement maintenues par le collecteur de courant (19) et elles sont reliées électriquement au deuxième raccord électrique (3) par le biais du collecteur de courant (19) et d'au moins une pièce conductrice (20) souple.
  6. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que le collecteur de courant (19) fait partie d'un système d'entraínement (21) du module (13) pouvant être commandé par le courant à couper.
  7. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que le système d'entraínement (21) présente un ressort (23) venant s'appuyer sur le collecteur de courant (19) et exerçant une force presseuse de contact sur les électrodes (16) mobiles.
  8. Dispositif de commutation selon l'une des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisé par le fait que le module (13) est bridé sur le commutateur à gaz comprimé.
  9. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait que la constante d'élasticité du ressort (23) et les masses d'inertie du collecteur de courant (19), des électrodes mobiles (16) qui y sont solidement reliées ainsi que des autres pièces mobiles du module (13) sont dimensionnées de telle manière que lors d'un processus de coupure, la fermeture des électrodes (15, 16) n'a lieu que lorsque le courant à couper a été interrompu.
  10. Dispositif de commutation selon l'une des revendications 8 ou 9, caractérisé par le fait que le ressort presseur de contact (23) est réalisé sous la forme d'une spirale ou d'une vis et qu'il est disposé dans la branche de courant d'effacement entre le collecteur de courant (19) et le deuxième raccord électrique (3).
  11. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait qu'un induit de choc (24) mobile et un rail conducteur (25) fixe agissant conjointement avec l'induit de choc (24) sont branchés en série dans la branche de courant d'effacement entre le collecteur de courant (19) et le deuxième raccord électrique (3).
  12. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 2 et l'une des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisé par le fait que le contact (18) maintenu par le pont de contact est un contact frottant, et que le contact opposé du commutateur à gaz comprimé agissant conjointement avec le contact frottant est mobile et, lors de la coupure, entraíne les commutateurs à vide (14) du module (13) jusqu'à ce que leur mouvement soit arrêté par un choc contre une butée (28) fixe.
EP95905010A 1994-02-18 1995-01-16 Dispositif de commutation Expired - Lifetime EP0695458B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4405206 1994-02-18
DE4405206A DE4405206A1 (de) 1994-02-18 1994-02-18 Schaltvorrichtung
PCT/CH1995/000010 WO1995022831A1 (fr) 1994-02-18 1995-01-16 Dispositif de commutation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0695458A1 EP0695458A1 (fr) 1996-02-07
EP0695458B1 true EP0695458B1 (fr) 1998-04-15

Family

ID=6510571

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95905010A Expired - Lifetime EP0695458B1 (fr) 1994-02-18 1995-01-16 Dispositif de commutation

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5663544A (fr)
EP (1) EP0695458B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1042469C (fr)
CA (1) CA2160805A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4405206A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995022831A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (14)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2738389B1 (fr) * 1995-08-31 1997-10-24 Schneider Electric Sa Disjoncteur hybrique a haute tension
DE19958645C5 (de) * 1999-12-06 2011-05-26 Abb Technology Ag Hybridleistungsschalter
DE102005032709A1 (de) * 2005-07-07 2007-01-11 Siemens Ag Elektrisches Schaltgerät sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb eines elektrischen Schaltgerätes
DE102006042101B4 (de) * 2006-09-07 2008-09-25 Switchcraft Europe Gmbh Vakuumschalter für Mittel- und Hochspannungen
FR2925976B1 (fr) * 2008-01-02 2010-01-29 Areva T & D Sa Disjoncteur a plusieurs chambres de coupure agencees en parallele, a transmission commune et encombrement longitudinal reduit
JP4568765B2 (ja) * 2008-01-07 2010-10-27 株式会社日立製作所 真空スイッチギヤ
ES1076268Y (es) * 2012-01-25 2012-05-22 Ormazabal Y Cia S L U Aparamenta electrica de alta tension
CN105405729B (zh) * 2015-11-06 2017-09-08 许继电源有限公司 两电极气体开关
DE102016218518C5 (de) 2016-09-27 2023-05-11 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Kontaktstück für einen Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE102017206746A1 (de) * 2017-04-21 2018-10-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Anordnung und Verfahren zum parallelen Schalten hoher Ströme in der Hochspannungstechnik
DE102017216275A1 (de) 2017-09-14 2019-03-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Anordnung und Verfahren zum Schalten hoher Ströme in der Hoch-, Mittel- und/oder Niederspannungstechnik
CN108511261B (zh) * 2018-03-27 2019-08-23 西安交通大学 一种基于一体化电极结构的直流断路器及其使用方法
FR3093226B1 (fr) * 2019-02-25 2021-01-22 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Système d'actionnement pour une ampoule à vide
DE102019204443A1 (de) * 2019-03-29 2020-10-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Stromunterbrechersystem

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US1143889A (en) * 1913-03-13 1915-06-22 Alfred Edward Carr Device for detecting incomplete combustion.
DE1265815B (de) * 1965-11-30 1968-04-11 Siemens Ag Schalteinrichtung fuer Hochspannung
DE2230900C3 (de) * 1972-06-23 1981-03-12 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Kurzschließvorrichtung für Generatorableitungen
US4087664A (en) * 1975-08-29 1978-05-02 I-T-E Imperial Corporation Hybrid power circuit breaker
JPS5537769A (en) * 1978-09-09 1980-03-15 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co High voltage dc breaker
JPS5736733A (fr) * 1980-08-14 1982-02-27 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co
JPS58181218A (ja) * 1982-04-19 1983-10-22 株式会社日立製作所 複合型真空しや断器
JPS58207802A (ja) * 1982-05-27 1983-12-03 株式会社東芝 ハイブリツド形しや断器
JPS6155829A (ja) * 1984-08-28 1986-03-20 株式会社東芝 しや断器
DE3611270C2 (de) * 1986-04-04 1995-08-17 Sachsenwerk Ag Elektrische Schalteinrichtung für hohe Schaltspannungen
DE3705719A1 (de) * 1987-02-23 1988-09-01 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Hochstromschalter
FR2680911B1 (fr) * 1991-08-28 1995-01-20 Gec Alsthom Engergie Inc Sectionneur de terre a pouvoir de coupure.
FR2682807B1 (fr) * 1991-10-17 1997-01-24 Merlin Gerin Disjoncteur electrique a deux cartouches a vide en serie.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2160805A1 (fr) 1995-08-24
EP0695458A1 (fr) 1996-02-07
DE59501888D1 (de) 1998-05-20
CN1125996A (zh) 1996-07-03
CN1042469C (zh) 1999-03-10
US5663544A (en) 1997-09-02
WO1995022831A1 (fr) 1995-08-24
DE4405206A1 (de) 1995-08-24

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