EP0695051B1 - Système d'émission numérique par satellite - Google Patents

Système d'émission numérique par satellite Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0695051B1
EP0695051B1 EP95401703A EP95401703A EP0695051B1 EP 0695051 B1 EP0695051 B1 EP 0695051B1 EP 95401703 A EP95401703 A EP 95401703A EP 95401703 A EP95401703 A EP 95401703A EP 0695051 B1 EP0695051 B1 EP 0695051B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
satellite
multiplexer
digital
signal
transmission
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95401703A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0695051A1 (fr
Inventor
Carlo Elia
Enrico Colzi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Agence Spatiale Europeenne
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Agence Spatiale Europeenne
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0695051A1 publication Critical patent/EP0695051A1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
    • H04H20/65—Arrangements characterised by transmission systems for broadcast
    • H04H20/71—Wireless systems
    • H04H20/74—Wireless systems of satellite networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
    • H04H20/02—Arrangements for relaying broadcast information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
    • H04H20/28—Arrangements for simultaneous broadcast of plural pieces of information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
    • H04H20/44—Arrangements characterised by circuits or components specially adapted for broadcast
    • H04H20/46—Arrangements characterised by circuits or components specially adapted for broadcast specially adapted for broadcast systems covered by groups H04H20/53-H04H20/95
    • H04H20/51—Arrangements characterised by circuits or components specially adapted for broadcast specially adapted for broadcast systems covered by groups H04H20/53-H04H20/95 specially adapted for satellite broadcast systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system digital satellite transmission including a link sending digital information to the satellite, said satellite re-transmitting a multiplex resignation.
  • This standard implements the transmission satellite multiprogram using MPEG-2 standard for audio and video compression and multiplexing.
  • MPEG-2 standard For the definition of this MPEG-2 standard, we will refer to the publication of International Standardization Organization (ISO) entitled “MPEG-2 Systems Working Draft "(ISO / IEC JTC1 / SC20 / WG11, NO501, MPEG93, July 1993).
  • ISO International Standardization Organization
  • the DTVB standard implicitly assumes that the different TV channels are routed to a single earth station for their multiplexing.
  • the multiplexed data stream called the data stream transport, is then transmitted to the satellite by a common uplink after inserting information redundancy for signal protection.
  • the present invention relates to a system allowing the elimination of this bond of contribution, in particular in the context of the implementation artwork of the satellite transmission of digital television that can be received directly at home of a user.
  • French Patent Application FR 2 498 034 (WESTERN ELECTRIC) describes a two-way TDMA system in which multiplexing is entirely carried out at on board the satellite.
  • the present invention also has for aim of simplifying the on-board multiplexer, in the case of an application on digital television.
  • the invention thus relates to a system digital satellite transmission including a link sending digital information to the satellite, said satellite re-transmitting a multiplex emission as defined in claim 1.
  • the implementation of the invention thus allows to simplify the on-board multiplexer module, since a part of the channel adaptation function is performed by individual issuers.
  • At least one said individual transmitter can be a ground station.
  • each ground station transmits directly towards the satellite, which allows elimination of the contribution link. It is not incidentally not necessary that all transmitters individual are ground stations.
  • connection is advantageously a connection multiplex transmitting a multiplex transmit signal which is preferably a modulated analog signal, preferably in phase, for the transport of said information digital.
  • the multiplex signal advantageously comprises packets each of which carries information from one single program.
  • the adaptation block of the first type is by example a scrambling block and / or an encoding block external.
  • At least one individual transmitter can have a device for receiving the transmission multiplex and a clock extracting device providing a signal clock of the individual transmitter. This provides simply a clock that has no drift relative to the clock of the satellite that powers among other things the multiplexer module.
  • the multiplexer module includes advantageously, downstream of the on-board multiplexer and in upstream of the digital-analog converter, a generator at least one channel adaptation block of a second type requiring exchange of information between programs different.
  • An adapter block of the second type can be for example an interleaving block and / or a block internal encoding.
  • the modulator of said analog signal is advantageously a phase modulator with several states, preferably a four-state phase modulator (0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 °), each of the values representing a dibinary (QPSK).
  • a transmission system comprises a certain number of ground stations E 1 , E 2 , E 3 , E 4 , etc. ... provided with transmitting antennas A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , etc ... transmitting with a so-called "low" speed towards a SAT satellite, which receives all of these emissions by a single AR receiving antenna.
  • the stations E 1 , E 2 , E 3 , E 4 , etc. which are arranged on the ground in different geographical positions send their signals independently of each other to the SAT satellite which acts as an answering machine for the transmission of one or more digital television programs.
  • a multiplex MMUX module integrated into the architecture of the SAT satellite performs processing on the signals received by the reception antenna AR from the ground stations E 1 , E 2 , E 3 , E 4 , etc. so as to generate a single multiplex signal transmitted by the transmission antenna AE towards terrestrial receivers intended for individual users, or buildings, provided with satellite reception antennas.
  • the signal transmitted by the transmitting antenna AE of the satellite SAT comprises a multiprogram television signal in which the transmissions of the ground stations E 1 , E 2 , E 3 , E 4 , etc. or of only some of them they are multiplexed.
  • the downlink constituted by the emissions from the AE transmit antenna is performed from preferably according to the standard of television programs DTVB satellite mentioned above.
  • the uplinks E 1 , E 2 , E 3 , E 4 , etc. emit signals conforming to the MPEG-2 standard according to which the audio, video and possibly data signals are multiplexed and compressed to form an elementary stream. PES package.
  • the MPEG-2 transport stream is shown at FIG. 2. It comprises a succession of packets P1, P2, P3, P4, etc ...
  • a packet has a data segment PES which combines video, audio and aforementioned data and which is preceded by a header successively comprising a synchronization byte SYNC, usually one byte, one indication segment packet transport error message TPEI, a PSI segment packet start indication, TP segment transport priority indication, a PID segment, a TSC scrambling control segment, an AFC segment of adaptation signal control, a CC segment of continuity counter and an AF adaptation field.
  • TPEI one indication segment packet transport error message
  • PSI PSI segment packet start indication
  • TP segment transport priority indication TP segment transport priority indication
  • PID segment TP segment transport priority indication
  • PID segment a PID segment
  • TSC scrambling control segment an AFC segment of adaptation signal control
  • CC segment of continuity counter a CC segment of continuity counter
  • each transmitter E 1 , E 2 , E 3 , E 4 is provided with its own transport multiplexer TRMUX1, TRMUX2, TRMUX3, TRMUX4, etc. which multiplexes the video, audio and data data, respectively V 1 , A 1 , D 1 for the transmitter E 1 , V 2 , A 2 , D 2 for the transmitter E 2 , V 3 , A 3 , D 3 for the 'transmitter E 3 , V 4 , A 4 , D 4 for the transmitter E 4 , etc.
  • Each of these multiplexed signals is transmitted by the antennas A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , etc. direction of the SAT satellite in which they will be. processed by the MMUX multiplexer module to produce the transmit multiplex grouping the programs corresponding to the transmitters E 1 , E 2 , E 3 , E 4 , etc. in the direction of the antennas of the receivers of the domestic users.
  • Each transport package carries information from a single program.
  • the transport multiplexer of rank p TRMUX p performs a certain number of functions to enable it to calculate the values inserted in the header of the packet. It generates this header and if necessary adds enough PES data to reach a length of 188 bytes.
  • the transport multiplexer TRMUX p operates at a lower bit rate than the transport multiplexer TRMUX incorporated in the contribution link LC of FIG. 3. In the case of a television type broadcast, the information bit rate is known and remains stable for a given program, which allows the generation of transport packets channel by channel as shown in Figure 4.
  • these multiplexers can be arranged separately on the ground in each of the transmitting stations, while the MMUX multiplexer module is, in turn, incorporated into the architecture of the SAT satellite.
  • Figure 5 shows a diagram functional of the channel adaptation, known per se, according to the MPEG-2 standard.
  • This channel adaptation includes firstly a scrambling function performed by a EMB scrambler to obtain energy dispersion then an external coding carried out by an external encoder EXENC, an interleaving performed by a device of interlacing INT, an internal encoding carried out by a INENC internal encoder and finally such modulation that a QPSK four-state phase modulation performed by a MOD modulator, the signal leaving the modulator MOD can then be directed to the transmitting antenna AE of SAT satellite.
  • This adaptation has the known function of protect the downlink intended for a user domestic against satellite channel faults.
  • the functional diagram of a transmitter E p is represented in FIG. 7. It comprises a video encoder ENCV p of video signals V p , an audio encoder ENCA p of audio signals A p and a data encoder ENCD p of data D p providing PES packets to as many inputs of a TMUX p transport multiplexer.
  • the compression of video, audio and data data is carried out in a known manner in the three aforementioned encoders. Since the allocation of the channel is fixed or almost fixed, there is no need to collect other PES data from other channels supplying the same satellite. Consequently, the transport multiplexer TMUX p generates the header which corresponds to the processing of PES data at its input, that is to say corresponding to the only channel which interests it and produces the transport packet TP in the MPEG-2 format.
  • UWPR processor reverses word sign unique header of the package according to the standard DTVB standard frame organization.
  • a CU control logic unit controlled by a reference clock H supervises this inversion as well as the energy dispersal process which is produced by the EMB scrambling unit.
  • Internal coding is made by an RS processor according to a Reed-Solômon code with parameters (204, 188, 8). This encoding Reed-Solomon performed before QPSK modulation performed by the MOD modulator and the transmission carried out by the EM transmitter.
  • the carrier frequency of the signal emitted by the antenna A p does not require frequency stability better than 10 ppm. It is therefore possible to use a local oscillator.
  • a said transmitting station E p generally has a control receiver REC, we take advantage of the existence of this receiver REC to extract a system clock therefrom from the downlink signal supplied by the satellite SAT so as to lock the reference clock H which supplies, in addition to the control unit CU and the RS modules, the multiplexer TMUX p and the modulator MOD.
  • buffers are put in works upstream of the on-board multiplexer to allow correction of residual errors and errors due to the Doppler phenomenon, before multiplexing and emission by the AE antenna.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the distribution of the channels of the SAT satellite.
  • the allocation of the resource is generally static, that is to say that a station is authorized to transmit only on a certain frequency which is allocated to it.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the case of a satellite presenting several answering machines having a bandwidth of 33 MHz and which are assigned to the multiprogram digital television broadcast.
  • Figure 9 shows a block diagram of the MMUX on-board multiplexer module.
  • the signal at 12 GHz provided by the AR receiver antenna of the SAT satellite is supplied to the input of an IMUX input demultiplexer which is part of the architecture of the satellite and that is located upstream of the MMUX multiplexer module properly said.
  • the MMUX multiplexer module has at its input an MEL1 input mixer which receives at an input on the one hand the output signal of the input demultiplexer IMUX and at its other input a signal supplied by a MUL1 multiplier from a reference clock embedded HR.
  • the multiplexer module has been shown in a configuration corresponding to six terrestrial transmitters. Consequently, the output signal of the mixer MEL1 is introduced to the respective inputs of six amplifiers respectively A1 to A6 whose output feeds surface acoustic wave (“SAW”) filters respectively F1 to F6.
  • SAW surface acoustic wave
  • Such filters have the advantage of being compact, light in weight and have very good rejection characteristics. These filters are adjusted to match the six channels shown in Figure 8.
  • the output signal filters F1 to F6 is then introduced at the input of analog to digital converters respectively referenced CAN1 to CAN6 and clocked by the clock of HR reference.
  • analog-to-digital converters perform 8-bit conversion at one frequency sampling which is roughly double the carrier bandwidth of 11 million of samples / second for a bandwidth of 5MHz. Note that the conversion could also be performed with a 6-bit converter without the quantization distortion is too large.
  • the output of converters CAN1 to CAN6 is introduced at the input of digital product detectors DP1 to DP6. These detectors convert the respective signals in the complex domain by Hilbert transform of well known way in the field of treatment digital.
  • the signals provided by the detectors DP1 to DP6 are introduced at the input of a circuit NTP1 to interpolation and filtration respectively NTP6.
  • the purpose of interpolation is to allow a adapted and precise filtering. This filtering is carried out by a finite impulse response FIR filter, that is to say a non-recursive digital filter.
  • Interpolation and adaptive filtering are driven by the clock signal delivered by the RH clock with a multiplication of frequency by 4 achieved by the multiplier circuit MUL2.
  • the signals supplied by circuits MP1 to MP6 are then demodulated into baseband by as many demodulators respectively DEM1 to DEM6 which carry out known manner the coherent demodulation of the modulated signal in phase with four QPSK states.
  • the demodulators advantageously include a signal level for controlling a low-pass filter to perform an automatic control loop of the gain of amplifiers A1 to A6 so as to use at best of their possibilities the converters analog-digital CAN1 to CAN6.
  • Buffers M1 to M6 are interposed between DEM1 to DEM6 demodulators and the multiplexer embedded.
  • the multiplexer is clocked from the RH clock whose frequency is multiplied by one MUL3 multiplier.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
  • Television Systems (AREA)
  • Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
EP95401703A 1994-07-29 1995-07-18 Système d'émission numérique par satellite Expired - Lifetime EP0695051B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9409438 1994-07-29
FR9409438A FR2723279B1 (fr) 1994-07-29 1994-07-29 Systeme d'emission numerique par satellite

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0695051A1 EP0695051A1 (fr) 1996-01-31
EP0695051B1 true EP0695051B1 (fr) 2003-11-12

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EP95401703A Expired - Lifetime EP0695051B1 (fr) 1994-07-29 1995-07-18 Système d'émission numérique par satellite

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US (1) US5712850A (es)
EP (1) EP0695051B1 (es)
JP (1) JPH08298647A (es)
CA (1) CA2154123C (es)
DE (1) DE69532100T2 (es)
ES (1) ES2208669T3 (es)
FR (1) FR2723279B1 (es)

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FR2722353B1 (fr) * 1994-07-11 1996-08-23 Alcatel Mobile Comm France 1trame montante a l'interface transc2dans un reseau cellulaire de radioc3mobiles
US6172988B1 (en) * 1996-01-31 2001-01-09 Tiernan Communications, Inc. Method for universal messaging and multiplexing of video, audio, and data streams
US5844595A (en) * 1996-05-31 1998-12-01 Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc. Decoding of digital data including program specific information
FR2753590B1 (fr) * 1996-09-19 1998-10-30 Org Europeenne Telecommunications Par Satellite Eutelsat Dispositif d'emission d'informations numeriques par satellite
FR2753863B1 (fr) 1996-09-20 1999-04-02 Dispositif d'emission d'informations numeriques par satellite a partir de plusieurs stations au sol
JPH10173674A (ja) * 1996-12-13 1998-06-26 Hitachi Ltd ディジタルデータ伝送システム
US6188874B1 (en) * 1997-06-27 2001-02-13 Lockheed Martin Corporation Control and telemetry signal communication system for geostationary satellites
US6047162A (en) * 1997-09-25 2000-04-04 Com Dev Limited Regional programming in a direct broadcast satellite
FR2778805B1 (fr) 1998-05-14 2000-06-16 Alsthom Cge Alcatel Systeme de communication par satellite pour la diffusion de programmes audiovisuels et de donnees multimedia
US6728803B1 (en) * 1999-03-30 2004-04-27 Mcdata Corporation Interconnection architecture for managing multiple low bandwidth connections over a high bandwidth link
US7283965B1 (en) * 1999-06-30 2007-10-16 The Directv Group, Inc. Delivery and transmission of dolby digital AC-3 over television broadcast
US7292547B1 (en) * 2002-05-22 2007-11-06 The Directv Group, Inc. Device and method for nodal multiple access into communications channels
US7397774B1 (en) * 2003-05-23 2008-07-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Downlink data multiplexer
EP1676432A2 (en) * 2003-10-22 2006-07-05 Sirius Satellite Radio Inc. Multiplexed audio and data transmission over digital content delivery channels
JP4564303B2 (ja) * 2004-08-04 2010-10-20 株式会社放送衛星システム 衛星搭載中継器
US9116826B2 (en) * 2010-09-10 2015-08-25 Trellis Phase Communications, Lp Encoding and decoding using constrained interleaving
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2208669T3 (es) 2004-06-16
FR2723279B1 (fr) 1996-09-06
CA2154123A1 (en) 1996-01-30
US5712850A (en) 1998-01-27
JPH08298647A (ja) 1996-11-12
DE69532100T2 (de) 2004-09-09
FR2723279A1 (fr) 1996-02-02
CA2154123C (en) 2005-09-06
DE69532100D1 (de) 2003-12-18
EP0695051A1 (fr) 1996-01-31

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