EP0694247B1 - Elektronenbeschleuniger vom Koaxialkavitätstyp - Google Patents

Elektronenbeschleuniger vom Koaxialkavitätstyp Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0694247B1
EP0694247B1 EP92909534A EP92909534A EP0694247B1 EP 0694247 B1 EP0694247 B1 EP 0694247B1 EP 92909534 A EP92909534 A EP 92909534A EP 92909534 A EP92909534 A EP 92909534A EP 0694247 B1 EP0694247 B1 EP 0694247B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cavity
electron beam
electron
source
accelerator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP92909534A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0694247A1 (de
Inventor
Yves Jongen
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Ion Beam Applications SA
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Ion Beam Applications SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
    • H05H7/14—Vacuum chambers
    • H05H7/18—Cavities; Resonators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H9/00—Linear accelerators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements made to electron accelerators and more particularly to electron accelerators having a coaxial cavity.
  • Electron accelerators are generally known comprising a resonant cavity supplied by a high frequency field source commonly called an HF generator and a source of electrons capable of injecting them into the cavity. If certain phase and frequency conditions are met, these electrons are accelerated by the electric field during the entire crossing of the cavity.
  • This document describes an electron accelerator which is characterized in that the resonant cavity is a coaxial cavity delimited by an external cylindrical conductor and an internal cylindrical conductor having the same axis.
  • the electron beam is injected into the median plane perpendicular to the axis along a first diameter in this cavity.
  • An electron deflector makes it possible to deflect and reinject the beam which has already passed through a first times the cavity, again in the cavity where it undergoes a second acceleration, etc ...
  • This device is also called a rhodotron because the electron beam crosses the cavity several times along a path that draws the petals of a flower.
  • This device has several advantages; indeed, its shape is particularly simple and compact.
  • the principle according to which the device operates makes it possible to obtain an intense and continuous beam which was not the case with conventional devices which work in pulsed regime.
  • the device described is self-focusing. This is due to the fact that the magnetic deflectors which have very open dihedral shaped entry faces suitably focus the electron beam. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide additional focusing elements.
  • the electron beam injected into the median plane of the device is not deflected. Indeed, the beam is not subjected to the magnetic field because the latter is zero in the median plane according to the configuration described in the aforementioned document.
  • this electron accelerator implies that the cavity is supplied by a high frequency field source.
  • an electric field of a few hundred megahertz is generated by an external high frequency generator.
  • Document US-A-4763079 describes a method of decelerating a particle beam where the energy produced by the deceleration of the particles is stored in order to be used for the acceleration of electrons in another accelerator.
  • the present invention aims to provide a device which makes it possible to avoid the use of particularly expensive high frequency generators, while retaining the advantages inherent in the original arrangement of the electron accelerator of the type described in the document WO-A- 88/09597.
  • This second electron beam is injected into the coaxial cavity along a plane which is different from the median plane, which makes it possible to deflect the electrons towards the walls of the cavity and to evacuate them from the latter.
  • the second electron source is provided with a device making it possible to modulate the intensity of the emitted electrons, in particular a control grid or a regrouper.
  • a device making it possible to modulate the intensity of the emitted electrons, in particular a control grid or a regrouper.
  • Such devices are well known in devices using electron beams.
  • the intensity of the electron beam is modulated in such a way that the electrons of the second source occur in the cavity when they encounter a decelerating radial electric field. In this way the electrons yield their kinetic energy to the electromagnetic field in the cavity and ensure the establishment and maintenance of the electromagnetic field.
  • the energy of the electrons injected by the second source is preferably chosen so that these electrons reach the wall of the cavity with a low but non-zero residual energy. In this way, the energy conversion between the electron beam and the cavity can reach values of 80 to 90%.
  • Figure 1 shows a sectional view along the median plane of the coaxial cavity of the electron accelerator according to the present invention.
  • the cavity 5 is delimited by an external cylindrical conductor 10 and an internal cylindrical conductor 20 of the same axis and two flanges 15 and 25 perpendicular to the axis 30 of the conductors.
  • the electric field E is purely radial, it is maximum in the median plane 40 and decreases on either side of this plane to cancel out on the flanges 15 and 25.
  • the magnetic field M is maximum along the flanges and is canceled in the median plane by changing sign.
  • the main electron beam 1 is injected from a source 100 into the coaxial cavity 5 along the median plane 40 and therefore is not subject to any deviation because the magnetic field M is zero there.
  • the electron beam 1 enters the cavity by an opening 11 along a first diameter of the outer conductor 10; it crosses the inner conductor 20 through two diametrically opposite openings 21 and 22 and leaves the cavity through an opening 12.
  • the main beam 1 will be accelerated along its path in the coaxial cavity 5.
  • the electric field E should be canceled when the beam crosses the internal conductor 20 so that the field is accelerating when crossing the first part of the cavity (between the external conductor 10 and the conductor interior 20) and again accelerator and therefore opposite when crossing the second part of the trajectory, that is to say between the interior conductor 20 and the exterior conductor 10.
  • At the outside of the coaxial cavity 5 is disposed at least one deflector 51 which deflects and reinjects the main electron beam 1 along a second diameter of the external conductor 10. This beam is reintroduced through an opening 13 in the cavity where it undergoes again an acceleration and comes out through the opening 14.
  • the beam is again deflected by a deflector 53 and reinjected according to a third diameter into the cavity where it will undergo a third acceleration, etc.
  • the magnetic deflectors 51, 53, ... advantageously having very open dihedral-shaped entry faces so as to focus the main electron beam 1.
  • Figure 2 shows a half-view in section parallel to the main axis of the coaxial cavity.
  • the electron accelerator with coaxial cavity comprises a second source 200 provided with a beam intensity modulation device 210, emitting a beam of electrons 2 which will be injected into the cavity 5 when the electric field E is decelerating. This generates the electromagnetic field necessary for the acceleration of the first electron beam 1.
  • this second electron beam 2 is injected into the coaxial cavity 5 along a plane which is different from the median plane 40.
  • the electrons will be deflected towards the walls of the cavity which allows evacuation of these- this out of the cavity.
  • the electrons should not be slowed down to a stop in the cavity itself, because in this case the electrons are again subjected in the opposite direction to the action of the electromagnetic field and thereby re-accelerated.
  • the rate of conversion of the kinetic energy of electrons into electromagnetic energy is limited to values of 80 to 90%.
  • an accelerator according to the present invention is simplified, which significantly increases the reliability of the electron accelerator.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Elektronenbeschleuniger, aufweisend:
    - eine erste Quelle (100), die einen ersten Elektronenstrahl aussendet, der beschleunigt werden soll,
    - einen koaxialen Hohlraum (5), der von einem äußeren zylindrischen Leiter (10) und einem inneren zylindrischen Leiter (20) mit gleicher Achse (30), die durch zwei Flansche (15 und 25) miteinander verbunden sind, begrenzt wird, wobei der Elektronenstrahl (1) in der zu der Achse (30) senkrechten Mittelebene (40) gemäß einem ersten Durchmesser des äußeren Leiters (10) injiziert wird,
    wobei der Elektronenbeschleuniger dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß er eine zweite Quelle (200) umfaßt, die einen zweiten Elektronenstrahl (2) aussendet, wobei dieser Elektronenstrahl (2) bei der Fortbewegung in dem koaxialen Hohlraum (5) verzögert wird, wodurch ermöglicht wird, das elektromagnetische Feld zu erzeugen, das für die Beschleunigung des aus der ersten Quelle (100) hervorgegangenen, ersten Elektronenstrahls (1) erforderlich ist.
  2. Elektronenbeschleuniger gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zweite Elektronenstrahl (2) gemäß einer Ebene, die verschieden von der Mittelebene (40) ist, in den koaxialen Hohlraum (5) injiziert wird, wodurch ermöglicht wird, die Elektronen dieses zweiten Strahls nach den Wänden des Hohlraums (5) umzulenken.
  3. Elektronenbeschleuniger gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweite Quelle (200) mit einer Vorrichtung (210) zur Modulation der Intensität des Elektronenstrahls (2) versehen ist.
  4. Elektronenbeschleuniger gemäß irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er mindestens einen außerhalb des Hohlraums angeordneten Elektronendeflektor (51, 53) umfaßt, der den ersten Strahl (1), der den Hohlraum (5) gemäß einem ersten Durchmesser durchquert hat, empfängt, umlenkt, und, immer noch in der Mittelebene (40), gemäß einem zweiten Durchmesser des äußeren Leiters (10) wieder injiziert.
EP92909534A 1991-05-29 1992-05-27 Elektronenbeschleuniger vom Koaxialkavitätstyp Expired - Lifetime EP0694247B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE9100516 1991-05-29
BE9100516A BE1004879A3 (fr) 1991-05-29 1991-05-29 Accelerateur d'electrons perfectionne a cavite coaxiale.
PCT/BE1992/000023 WO1992022190A1 (fr) 1991-05-29 1992-05-27 Accelerateur d'electrons a cavite coaxiale

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0694247A1 EP0694247A1 (de) 1996-01-31
EP0694247B1 true EP0694247B1 (de) 1997-10-29

Family

ID=3885532

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92909534A Expired - Lifetime EP0694247B1 (de) 1991-05-29 1992-05-27 Elektronenbeschleuniger vom Koaxialkavitätstyp

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US5440211A (de)
EP (1) EP0694247B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3031711B2 (de)
AU (1) AU1757892A (de)
BE (1) BE1004879A3 (de)
CA (1) CA2110067C (de)
DE (1) DE69222958T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0694247T3 (de)
RU (1) RU2104621C1 (de)
WO (1) WO1992022190A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6920402B1 (en) * 2001-03-07 2005-07-19 Rambus Inc. Technique for determining performance characteristics of electronic devices and systems
WO2008138998A1 (en) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-20 Ion Beam Applications S.A. Electron accelerator and device using same
WO2009036410A1 (en) 2007-09-14 2009-03-19 Services Petroliers Schlumberger Particle acceleration devices and methods thereof
US9336916B2 (en) 2010-05-14 2016-05-10 Tcnet, Llc Tc-99m produced by proton irradiation of a fluid target system
EP2509399B1 (de) 2011-04-08 2014-06-11 Ion Beam Applications Elektronenbeschleuniger mit einem Koaxialhohlraum
US9269467B2 (en) 2011-06-02 2016-02-23 Nigel Raymond Stevenson General radioisotope production method employing PET-style target systems
EP2804451B1 (de) * 2013-05-17 2016-01-06 Ion Beam Applications S.A. Elektronenbeschleuniger mit einer Koaxialkavität
CN105578703B (zh) * 2016-03-03 2018-06-22 北京鑫智能技术股份有限公司 一口出多档能量电子束的花瓣型加速器

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4763079A (en) * 1987-04-03 1988-08-09 Trw Inc. Method for decelerating particle beams
FR2616033B1 (fr) * 1987-05-26 1989-08-04 Commissariat Energie Atomique Accelerateur d'electrons a nappe
FR2616032B1 (fr) * 1987-05-26 1989-08-04 Commissariat Energie Atomique Accelerateur d'electrons a cavite coaxiale
FR2616031B1 (fr) * 1987-05-27 1989-08-04 Commissariat Energie Atomique Dispositif de groupement de particules chargees

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2110067A1 (en) 1992-12-10
DE69222958T2 (de) 1998-04-09
US5440211A (en) 1995-08-08
JP3031711B2 (ja) 2000-04-10
WO1992022190A1 (fr) 1992-12-10
EP0694247A1 (de) 1996-01-31
DK0694247T3 (da) 1998-07-20
BE1004879A3 (fr) 1993-02-16
CA2110067C (en) 2001-12-11
DE69222958D1 (de) 1997-12-04
JPH07500206A (ja) 1995-01-05
AU1757892A (en) 1993-01-08
RU2104621C1 (ru) 1998-02-10

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