EP0693615A1 - Ventilfederteller für eine Brennkraftmaschine und Herstellung derselben - Google Patents
Ventilfederteller für eine Brennkraftmaschine und Herstellung derselben Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0693615A1 EP0693615A1 EP94309388A EP94309388A EP0693615A1 EP 0693615 A1 EP0693615 A1 EP 0693615A1 EP 94309388 A EP94309388 A EP 94309388A EP 94309388 A EP94309388 A EP 94309388A EP 0693615 A1 EP0693615 A1 EP 0693615A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight percent
- retainer
- alloy
- aluminum
- coil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/10—Connecting springs to valve members
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a coil retainer in use for an engine valve, and further a process of manufacturing the coil retainer.
- the coil retainer has a specific composition of aluminum based alloy, and can be manufactured only by the specific process comprising special treatments.
- FIG. 1 A conventionally used coil retainer in use for an internal engine valve is as shown in FIG. 1 (prior art).
- FIG. 1 there is shown a partial view in partial section of an internal engine valve 1 of which the end is mounted through a pair of cotters 3, 3 on a coil retainer 2, on which a spring coil 4 is stemmed within a hollow of the valve 1 against a cylinder head (not shown).
- the valve 1 is driven by movement of a cam 7 pressing the upper surface of a shim 6 embedded in a tappet 5 of the valve 1.
- Such engine provided with a direct movement type valve has smaller numbers of members therefor, and therefore the allowable number of revolution of the engine can be improved so as to raise a power performance of the engine.
- One of the obstacles for the allowable number of revolution of the engine to raise is a weight of a moving valve assembly.
- the inertial mass of the valve will be increased so as to lose a follow-up character to the movement of the cam, thereby affecting efficiency of suction and exhaust valve to lower the power of the engine.
- the retainer 2 must be exposed to repetition of high weight loading at the contact portion with the end of the coil 4, and therefore, the retainer made of the aluminum based alloy which has less abrasion resistance than that of iron will be more abraded at the contact portion 2 with the coil 4, to cause some trouble on durability of the engine.
- the prior art aluminum alloy retainer uses a metal lining embeded in the contact portion with the coil (e.g. Japanese (Unexamined) Patent Laid-open application No. 63-50613/1988, Japanese (Unexamined) Utility Model Laid-open application No. 63-34312/1988), and further, there is proposed use of a fiver reinforced aluminum alloy with a plated coating layer on the surface thereof (Japanese (Unexamined) Patent Laid-open application No.62-45915/1987) to improve the abrasion resistance of the contact portion with the coil, and further alumitization (making alumite surface layer) of surface layer, i.e. surface treatment of the aluminum alloy to improve abrasion resistance, and dispersion of hard material such as ceramic powder in the aluminum alloy to impart abrasion proof.
- Such improvement or rearrangement of the surface of the alloy will raise the cost of manufacture of the retainer.
- the prior art retainer needs a different metal member such as a surface hard layer, and an additional step of binding such metal member to the retainer, to increase a manufacturing cost. Further, the weight of the retainer will raise because of the different metal member.
- a coil retainer for an engine valve to be mounted thereon can be manufactured from an aluminum based alloy composition consisting essentially of Silicon : 8 to 17 weight percent; Copper : 2 to 5 weight percent ; Magnesium : 0.2 to 10 weight percent ; Manganese : less than 1.5 weight percent ; balancing aluminium and inevitable amount of impurities, only by forging the above aluminum based alloy; followed by special heat treatment to convert it into an alloy material having a dendrite arm spacing value less than 15 micrometer.
- An aluminum base alloy of JIS standard No. 4032 comprises 11 to 13.5 weight percent of silicon, 0.50 to 1.5 weight percent of copper, 0.8 to 1.3 weight percent of magnesium, 0 weight percent of manganese.
- An aluminum alloy moulding and die casting respectively of JIS standard No. AC 8B and AC 8C comprise 8.5 to 10.5 weight percent of silicon, 1.0 weight percent of iron, 2.0 to 4.0 weight percent of copper, 0.50 weight percent of manganese, 0.50 to 1.5 weight percent of magnesium, 0.50 weight percent of zinc.
- the aluminum based alloy for the coil retainer formed for an engine valve spring coil thereon contain the following ingredients in the proportion below: Silicon : 8 to 17 weight percent; Copper : 2 to 5 weight percent ; Magnesium : 0.2 to 10 weight percent ; Manganese : less than 1.5 weight percent ; balancing aluminium and inevitable amount of impurities.
- the dendrite arm spacing value of the aluminum based alloy should be less than 15 micrometer.
- the blank of the retainer having the above aluminum based alloy composition is forged especially at a cold temperature.
- the retainer of the present invention has significant economy, because of saving cost of starting material (not use of costly metals), and of saving steps (without need of additional steps).
- the content of silicon ranges from 8 % by weight to 17 % by weight.
- the hardness and the abrasion resistance cannot be afforded enough to be used as a coil retainer, when the content of silicone is less than 8 % by weight.
- the content of silicon exceed 17 % by weight, the workability ( work limit of the material) is dramatically reduced, and thereby, the strength and fatigue limit are significantly decreased.
- the content of copper ranges from 2 to 5 % by weight. When the content of copper is up to 2 % by weight, the strength of the retainer cannot be afforded at the desired sufficient level. Further, when the content of copper exceeds 5 % by weight, the strength of the aluminum alloy will drop.
- the content of magnesium ranges from 0.2 to 2.5 % by weight. When the content of magnesium is higher than 0.2 % by weight, the initiation of Si crystallization is restrained to improve the strength, but when the content of magnesium exceeds 2.5 % by weight, the workability of the aluminum alloy will be lowered.
- the content of manganese is less than 1.5 % be weight. Within such range, manganese can be effective to maintain the strength high even at high temperature.
- the DAS (dendrite arm spacing) value of the aluminum alloy should be less than 15 micrometer.
- the forging workability will drastically drop until it is difficult to forge into a desired shape.
- the aluminum based alloy is used to forge into the retainer blank, and then, the blank is exerted to the following specific thermal treatment to impart practical performance of a retainer for an engine valve.
- the retainer blank as forged is heated at the temperature ranging 450 to 540 °C to melt partially, and then maintained at the temperature of 150 to 200 °C for one to six hours for aging.
- the blank is heated to melt partially, thereby homogenizing the structure of the aluminum alloy.
- This heating temperature should be 480 to 540 °C.
- the heating to melt partially is not sufficient, and when the temperature is above 540°C, the blank is excessively heated.
- the partially melting means melting partially, especially at the margin or the boundary or the inner surface of the grains in the aluminium based alloy being used as a blank for the coil retainer.
- the treated blank is further heated at a certain temperature for aging treatment.
- the optical condition for this aging is at the temperature of 150 to 200 °C, and for the period of 1 to 6 hours.
- the aging temperature is up to 150 °C, the necessary period will be longer.
- the aging temperature is above 200 °C, the aging will be excessive. Further, the aging temperature is more preferably 170 to 190 °C.
- the aging period depending on the aging temperature is preferably 1 to 6 hours. When the aging period is up to 1 hour, the aging is not enough. When the aging period exceeds 6 hours, the aging will be excessive.
- the retainer blank after forged and treated at high temperature and aged is finished into a desired shape.
- the retainer is worked by tumbling, and further treated to impart rust prevention.
- the DAS value of the aluminum alloy blank is preferably less than 15 micrometer.
- the present invention is further illustrated by the following example to show the coil retainer of the present invention, but should not be interpreted for the limitation of the invention.
- Retainer blanks formed from the following aluminum based alloy compositions, and measuring 30 mm in outer diameter were prepared by a cold forging method.
- the prepared retainer blanks were heated at the temperature of 490 °C, and maintained at the temperature of 180 °C for two hours for aging treatment.
- the treated retainers were used in an internal engine for testing, and the results are shown in Table 1.
- the specimen nos. 1 to 3 shown in the table use the composition of the present invention, and the other specimen nos. 4 to 5 are not within the composition specified by the present invention.
- Composition ( % by weight) abrasion of contact face 1* abrasion of contact end 2* Si Cu Mg Mn Al 1 0.17 2.3 1.5 - balace 0.44 mm 0.02 mm 2 0.11 1.5 2.4 0.07 balace 0.34 mm 0 mm 3 7.6 2.6 0.58 0.02 balace 0.03 mm 0.03 mm 4 11.7 4.30 0.60 0.25 balace 0.01 mm 0.04 mm 5 14.8 4.16 0.57 0.01 balace 0.01 mm 0.03 mm 6 17.0 4.46 0.56 0.01 balace 0 mm 0 mm 1* indicates an abrasion thickness of contact face in the flange of the retainer with a spring coil after 50 hours operation. 2* indicates an abrasion thickness of contact end of the retainer with a spring coil after 50 hours operation.
- the table 1 shows the following: The increase of the silicon content will reduce the abrasion, while the other contents will effect somehow.
- the silicon content is higher than 8 % by weight, the abrasion will be reduced to one tenth. Further, the other specific data was measured if necessary for a coil retainer.
- the workability limit (%) will change as shown in FIG. 2.
- the workability limit will keep constant when the silicon content changes from 8 weight % to 17 weight %, but the work rate limit will decrease drastically when the silicone content becomes more than 17 weight %.
- a coil retainer can be manufactured in accordance with the present invention, as follows: An aluminum based alloy bar of the above mentioned composition is cut into a blank of a coil retainer and the blank is worked together with a lubricating agent coated at a cold temperature, and treated at high temperature as the above.
- the retainer After the blank of the retainer is treated at high temperature to cause partial melting, the retainer is maintained at high temperature for aging. Then, it is finished by tumbling, and is treated to have rust preventive control.
- the coil retainer of the present invention having a specific composition of aluminum based alloy can reduce a cost of manufacture as well as light weight of the product.
- inventive coil retainer does not need any additional metal layer, neither any plating layer, and improve abrasion durability.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP16981394A JP3362240B2 (ja) | 1994-07-21 | 1994-07-21 | エンジンバルブスプリングリテーナ及びその製法 |
JP169813/94 | 1994-07-21 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0693615A1 true EP0693615A1 (de) | 1996-01-24 |
EP0693615B1 EP0693615B1 (de) | 1997-10-22 |
Family
ID=15893381
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19940309388 Expired - Lifetime EP0693615B1 (de) | 1994-07-21 | 1994-12-15 | Ventilfederteller für eine Brennkraftmaschine und Herstellung derselben |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0693615B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3362240B2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE69406438T2 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0864731A1 (de) * | 1995-12-04 | 1998-09-16 | Fuji Oozx Inc. | A1-Legierung-Ventilfederteller |
EP2166200A1 (de) | 2008-09-23 | 2010-03-24 | Franz Rübig & Söhne GmbH & Co. KG | Ventilfederteller und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000145416A (ja) * | 1998-09-09 | 2000-05-26 | Fuji Oozx Inc | 内燃機関用バルブスプリングリテ―ナ及びその加工方法 |
JP2002307124A (ja) * | 2001-04-12 | 2002-10-22 | Hiraguchi Seitan Kk | アルミニウム系金属部品の冷間鍛造方法 |
JP2010276088A (ja) * | 2009-05-27 | 2010-12-09 | Mizuno Tekkosho:Kk | スプールバルブ |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS63183144A (ja) * | 1987-01-26 | 1988-07-28 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | チタン合金製冷間鍛造部品およびその製法 |
EP0363225A2 (de) * | 1988-10-07 | 1990-04-11 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Ventilfederteller für eine Ventilantriebsvorrichtung für eine innere Brennkraftmaschine |
JPH02102306A (ja) * | 1988-10-08 | 1990-04-13 | Showa Denko Kk | スプリングリテーナ |
-
1994
- 1994-07-21 JP JP16981394A patent/JP3362240B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-12-15 DE DE1994606438 patent/DE69406438T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-12-15 EP EP19940309388 patent/EP0693615B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS63183144A (ja) * | 1987-01-26 | 1988-07-28 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | チタン合金製冷間鍛造部品およびその製法 |
EP0363225A2 (de) * | 1988-10-07 | 1990-04-11 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Ventilfederteller für eine Ventilantriebsvorrichtung für eine innere Brennkraftmaschine |
JPH02102306A (ja) * | 1988-10-08 | 1990-04-13 | Showa Denko Kk | スプリングリテーナ |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 12, no. 462 (C - 549) 5 December 1988 (1988-12-05) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 14, no. 311 (M - 0994) 4 July 1990 (1990-07-04) * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0864731A1 (de) * | 1995-12-04 | 1998-09-16 | Fuji Oozx Inc. | A1-Legierung-Ventilfederteller |
EP2166200A1 (de) | 2008-09-23 | 2010-03-24 | Franz Rübig & Söhne GmbH & Co. KG | Ventilfederteller und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0828224A (ja) | 1996-01-30 |
EP0693615B1 (de) | 1997-10-22 |
JP3362240B2 (ja) | 2003-01-07 |
DE69406438T2 (de) | 1998-04-16 |
DE69406438D1 (de) | 1997-11-27 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4975243A (en) | Aluminum alloy suitable for pistons | |
EP0141501B1 (de) | Aluminiumlegierungen für stranggepresste Gegenstände mit erhöhter Verschleissfestigkeit und Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben | |
EP0602904A1 (de) | Eisen und Aluminium basiertes Einlassventil für Brennkraftmaschine | |
EP0526174B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Auslassventiles | |
EP0775253B1 (de) | Titaniummaschinenventil | |
CZ139896A3 (en) | Lead-free aluminium alloy | |
US4741080A (en) | Process for providing valve members having varied microstructure | |
US20040261615A1 (en) | Forged piston for internal combustion engine and manufacturing method thereof | |
US5162065A (en) | Aluminum alloy suitable for pistons | |
EP0693615B1 (de) | Ventilfederteller für eine Brennkraftmaschine und Herstellung derselben | |
JPH06293933A (ja) | 耐摩耗性アルミニウム合金及びその製造方法 | |
EP0790325A1 (de) | Verschliessfeste, stranggepresste Aluminium-Legierung mit hohem Korrosionswiderstand | |
JPS61272358A (ja) | 軸受材料の製造方法 | |
US5616192A (en) | Coil retainer for engine valve and preparation of the same | |
WO1997025449A1 (en) | Wear-resistant aluminum alloy and compressor piston formed therefrom | |
EP0892075B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Kolbe aus einer Aluminium-Legierung | |
JP2732512B2 (ja) | アルミニウム合金製バルブリフタ | |
JPH0828493A (ja) | アルミニウム合金製スクロールの製造方法 | |
EP0618351B1 (de) | Tassenstössel für Brennkraftmaschinen | |
JPH0689428B2 (ja) | 引張強度、延性および疲労強度にすぐれた耐熱性アルミニウム合金の製造方法 | |
EP0083927A1 (de) | Nockenwelle für eine Brennkraftmaschine | |
JPH0539507A (ja) | アルミニウム合金製オイルポンプ用ロータ及びその製造方法 | |
JPH0621311B2 (ja) | 耐熱耐摩耗性アルミニウム合金 | |
JPH03111531A (ja) | アルミニウム合金製ローター | |
CN101705402A (zh) | 铝基轴承合金及其制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19960201 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19970304 |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed | ||
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 69406438 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19971127 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19981209 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20000831 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20051215 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20081211 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20081210 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20091215 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100701 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20091215 |