EP0688523B1 - Articulation with two positions for a convertible couch bed - Google Patents
Articulation with two positions for a convertible couch bed Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0688523B1 EP0688523B1 EP94401408A EP94401408A EP0688523B1 EP 0688523 B1 EP0688523 B1 EP 0688523B1 EP 94401408 A EP94401408 A EP 94401408A EP 94401408 A EP94401408 A EP 94401408A EP 0688523 B1 EP0688523 B1 EP 0688523B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- seat
- backrest
- support
- bed
- connecting rod
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
- A47C17/00—Sofas; Couches; Beds
- A47C17/04—Seating furniture, e.g. sofas, couches, settees, or the like, with movable parts changeable to beds; Chair beds
- A47C17/16—Seating furniture changeable to beds by tilting or pivoting the back-rest
- A47C17/165—Seating furniture changeable to beds by tilting or pivoting the back-rest with forward tiltable back-rest, e.g. back cushion
- A47C17/1655—Seating furniture changeable to beds by tilting or pivoting the back-rest with forward tiltable back-rest, e.g. back cushion forming top surface of the bed with non-rotatable seat cushion
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
- A47C17/00—Sofas; Couches; Beds
- A47C17/04—Seating furniture, e.g. sofas, couches, settees, or the like, with movable parts changeable to beds; Chair beds
- A47C17/16—Seating furniture changeable to beds by tilting or pivoting the back-rest
- A47C17/17—Seating furniture changeable to beds by tilting or pivoting the back-rest with coupled movement of back-rest and seat
- A47C17/175—Seating furniture changeable to beds by tilting or pivoting the back-rest with coupled movement of back-rest and seat with tilting or lifting seat-back-rest pivot
- A47C17/1756—Seating furniture changeable to beds by tilting or pivoting the back-rest with coupled movement of back-rest and seat with tilting or lifting seat-back-rest pivot by pivoted linkages
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mechanism of articulation of elements forming a bench convertible, more specifically a bench for two positions i.e. seat and bed, such a mechanism is run FR-A-2,553,984.
- the articulation according to the invention is presented in the form of a removable assembly, which can be interchangeable. It is designed to work assembled in pairs (one on the right side and one on the side left).
- the articulation makes it possible to assemble all the elements constituting the bench and it constitutes the connection system between the seat and folder, these elements can change position one in relation to each other, and in relation to the base, in allowing the transition from seat to bed, and Conversely.
- the joint according to the invention works under a synchronized principle, that is to say that we moves from one seat operation from the seat position to the bed position, and vice versa.
- the joint is more of the non type protruding, that is to say that no constituent body this joint only protrudes in the part reserved for the mattress, on the sleeping surface and on the surface seat, and cannot cause damage to the covering of the entire seat.
- the articulation is fixed on the back elements and laterally inside these elements to each end, not being visible externally and allowing individual cover seat and back support elements.
- the operation or operation of the bench done by the user, all at once, facing the furniture by acting on the seat element or on the side of it by action on the element of folder.
- the existing benches based on the same principle, can only work by performing two maneuvers, that is to say one at the front and the other on the side, to convert the furniture from the sitting position to the lying position and vice versa.
- the joint according to the invention allows, in the seat position, to access the trunk bedding located inside the base, from the front of the furniture, by lifting the seat element vertically, which stops in this position by allowing the user to have access to the bedding chest on its entire length, without having to hold the element seat.
- the joint which connects a seat element and a support element backrest each provided with an independent mattress, characterized in that it includes a connecting rod tilting control linked at one end to the element seat, and a connecting rod connecting the other end of said control rod to the element backrest support, so that a pulling movement or thrust applied to the seat element controls a synchronized tilting of the backrest support element horizontally or vertically ensuring obtaining the bed position or the position of seat.
- the rocker control link at its intermediate part around an axis carried by the base of the cabinet, while its ends are articulated one to a support of the seat element and the other to said connecting rod liaison.
- the back support element is articulated around an axis carried by a support member fixed to the base, while the seat element is connected to the base by a seat rotation rod which determines with the control rod a parallelogram deformable.
- a tension spring arranged between the seat element support and connecting rod ensures balance and recall of the support element backrest and seat element.
- the joint according to the invention allows, during conversions, a easy and effortless handling, whether from the front or side, for benches that may have surfaces sleeping up to two meters long and 1.60 meters wide.
- a convertible bench equipped on each side with a connecting rods ensuring the passage from the seat position to the bed position and vice versa.
- the connecting rod located on the side right when we look at the bench, but we will understand that the crankshaft (not shown) which is on the side left is exactly symmetrical with respect to the plane vertical transverse median.
- the connecting rod assembly comprises a fixing flank 1 laterally secured to the base 2 of the cabinet.
- a seat rotation rod 4 On the fixing flank 1 is articulated at one end, around an axis 3, a seat rotation rod 4 the other end of which is articulated around an axis 5 to a support 6 to which is fixed a seat element 7.
- a mattress 8 On the latter is placed a mattress 8, which serves as a suspension in the seat position as in the bed position.
- a coil spring 20 is hooked to a end to support piece 6 and its other end to the connecting rod 13, to ensure the recall and balancing of the seat element 7 and the backrest element 16 when handling conversion from seat to bed and vice versa.
- a bar coupling (not shown in the drawing) connects together the control rods 4 placed from the two sides of the bench, ensuring operation symmetrical of the two connecting rods.
- FIG. 2 represents a position intermediate during movement, and in Figure 3 the final position in bed obtained once the element backrest support 16 has taken a flat position.
- the spring 20 is tensioned to ensure the recall of the back support element 16 towards the position of seat.
Description
La présente invention concerne un mécanisme d'articulation d'éléments formant une banquette convertible, plus particulièrement une banquette à deux positions c'est-à-dire siège et lit, un tel mécanisme est couru du FR-A-2 553 984.The present invention relates to a mechanism of articulation of elements forming a bench convertible, more specifically a bench for two positions i.e. seat and bed, such a mechanism is run FR-A-2,553,984.
L'embiellage d'articulation selon l'invention permet la réalisation d'une banquette ayant les caractéristiques suivantes :
- l'assise sauteuse ne touche pas le sol pendant le fonctionnement de l'articulation pour le passage de siège en lit et inversement,
- le dossier bascule par l'avant, par rapport à un point fixe du socle, de façon que la manoeuvre de ce dossier puisse s effectuer sans nécessiter de dégager la banquette du mur ;
- l'assise et le dossier sont munis chacun d'un matelas indépendant, ainsi que d'un habillage indépendant.
- the jumping seat does not touch the ground during the operation of the joint for the passage from seat to bed and vice versa,
- the backrest tilts from the front, relative to a fixed point on the base, so that the maneuver of this backrest can be carried out without having to remove the bench seat from the wall;
- the seat and back are each provided with an independent mattress, as well as an independent covering.
L'articulation selon l'invention se présente sous la forme d'un ensemble démontable, pouvant être interchangeable. Elle est conçue pour fonctionner assemblée par paire (une du côté droit et une du côté gauche). L'articulation permet d'assembler tous les éléments constituant la banquette et elle constitue le système de liaison entre les éléments d'assise et de dossier, ces éléments pouvant changer de position l'un par rapport à l'autre, et par rapport au socle, en permettant la transition de siège en lit, et inversement.The articulation according to the invention is presented in the form of a removable assembly, which can be interchangeable. It is designed to work assembled in pairs (one on the right side and one on the side left). The articulation makes it possible to assemble all the elements constituting the bench and it constitutes the connection system between the seat and folder, these elements can change position one in relation to each other, and in relation to the base, in allowing the transition from seat to bed, and Conversely.
L'articulation selon l'invention fonctionne sous un principe synchronisé, c'est-à-dire que l'on passe d'une seule manoeuvre de la position de siège à la position de lit, et inversement.The joint according to the invention works under a synchronized principle, that is to say that we moves from one seat operation from the seat position to the bed position, and vice versa.
L'articulation est de plus du type non saillante, c'est-à-dire qu'aucun organe constituant cette articulation ne fait saillie dans la partie réservée au matelas, en surface couchage et en surface siège, et ne peut causer de détérioration pour l'habillage de l'ensemble de la banquette. L'articulation est fixée sur les éléments de dos et d'assise latéralement à l'intérieur de ces éléments à chaque extrémité, en n'étant pas apparente extérieurement et en permettant un houssage individuel des éléments d'assise et de support de dossier.The joint is more of the non type protruding, that is to say that no constituent body this joint only protrudes in the part reserved for the mattress, on the sleeping surface and on the surface seat, and cannot cause damage to the covering of the entire seat. The articulation is fixed on the back elements and laterally inside these elements to each end, not being visible externally and allowing individual cover seat and back support elements.
Avec l'articulation selon l'invention, le fonctionnement ou la manoeuvre de la banquette s'effectue par l'utilisateur, en une seule fois, face au meuble par une action sur l'élément d'assise ou sur le côté de celui-ci par une action sur l'élément de dossier. Les banquettes existantes, basées sur le même principe, ne peuvent fonctionner qu'en effectuant deux manoeuvres, c'est-à-dire une à l'avant et l'autre sur le côté, pour convertir le meuble de la position assise à la position couchée et inversement.With the joint according to the invention, the operation or operation of the bench done by the user, all at once, facing the furniture by acting on the seat element or on the side of it by action on the element of folder. The existing benches, based on the same principle, can only work by performing two maneuvers, that is to say one at the front and the other on the side, to convert the furniture from the sitting position to the lying position and vice versa.
De plus, l'articulation selon l'invention permet, en position de siège, d'avoir accès au coffre à literie situé à l'intérieur du socle, par l'avant du meuble, en soulevant l'élément d'assise à la verticale, lequel s'immobilise dans cette position en permettant à l'utilisateur d'avoir accès au coffre à literie sur toute sa longueur, sans avoir à tenir l'élément d'assise.In addition, the joint according to the invention allows, in the seat position, to access the trunk bedding located inside the base, from the front of the furniture, by lifting the seat element vertically, which stops in this position by allowing the user to have access to the bedding chest on its entire length, without having to hold the element seat.
Selon la présente invention l'articulation, qui relie un élément d'assise et un élément support de dossier pourvus chacun d'un matelas indépendant, se caractérise en ce qu'elle comprend une biellette de commande basculante liée à une extrémité à l'élément d'assise, et une biellette de liaison reliant l'autre extrémité de ladite biellette de commande à l'élément support de dossier, de façon qu'un mouvement de traction ou de poussée appliqué à l'élément d'assise commande un basculement synchronisé de l'élément support de dossier vers l'horizontale ou vers la verticale en assurant l'obtention de la position de lit ou de la position de siège.According to the present invention the joint, which connects a seat element and a support element backrest each provided with an independent mattress, characterized in that it includes a connecting rod tilting control linked at one end to the element seat, and a connecting rod connecting the other end of said control rod to the element backrest support, so that a pulling movement or thrust applied to the seat element controls a synchronized tilting of the backrest support element horizontally or vertically ensuring obtaining the bed position or the position of seat.
Selon une forme de réalisation préférée, la biellette de commande bascule à sa partie intermédiaire autour d'un axe porté par le socle du meuble, alors que ses extrémités sont articulées l'une à un support de l'élément d'assise et l'autre à ladite biellette de liaison. L'élément support de dossier est articulé autour d'un axe porté par un organe de support fixé au socle, alors que l'élément d'assise est relié au socle par une biellette de rotation d'assise qui détermine avec la biellette de commande un parallélogramme déformable. Un ressort de traction disposé entre le support de l'élément d'assise et la bielle de liaison assure l'équilibrage et le rappel de l'élément support de dossier et de l'élément d'assise.According to a preferred embodiment, the rocker control link at its intermediate part around an axis carried by the base of the cabinet, while its ends are articulated one to a support of the seat element and the other to said connecting rod liaison. The back support element is articulated around an axis carried by a support member fixed to the base, while the seat element is connected to the base by a seat rotation rod which determines with the control rod a parallelogram deformable. A tension spring arranged between the seat element support and connecting rod ensures balance and recall of the support element backrest and seat element.
On notera que l'articulation selon l'invention permet, pendant les conversions, un maniement facile et sans effort, que ce soit de face ou de côté, pour des banquettes pouvant avoir des surfaces de couchage atteignant deux mètres de long et 1,60 mètre de large.Note that the joint according to the invention allows, during conversions, a easy and effortless handling, whether from the front or side, for benches that may have surfaces sleeping up to two meters long and 1.60 meters wide.
Pour bien faire comprendre le dispositif
selon l'invention on en décrira ci-après, à titre
d'exemple sans caractère limitatif, une forme
d'exécution préférée en référence au dessin schématique
annexé dans lequel :
En référence au dessin, on a représenté une banquette convertible équipée de chaque côté d'un embiellage assurant le passage de la position siège à la position lit et inversement. Pour la commodité du dessin on n'a représenté que l'embiellage se trouvant du côté droit quand on regarde la banquette, mais on comprendra que l'embiellage (non représenté) qui se trouve du côté gauche est exactement symétrique par rapport au plan vertical transversal médian.With reference to the drawing, a convertible bench equipped on each side with a connecting rods ensuring the passage from the seat position to the bed position and vice versa. For the convenience of drawing we have only shown the connecting rod located on the side right when we look at the bench, but we will understand that the crankshaft (not shown) which is on the side left is exactly symmetrical with respect to the plane vertical transverse median.
L'embiellage comprend un flanc de fixation 1
solidaire latéralement du socle 2 du meuble. Sur le
flanc de fixation 1 est articulée à une extrémité,
autour d'un axe 3, une biellette 4 de rotation d'assise
dont l'autre extrémité est articulée autour d'un axe 5 à
un support 6 auquel est fixé un élément d'assise 7. Sur
ce dernier est posé un matelas 8, qui sert de suspension
en position de siège comme en position de lit.The connecting rod assembly comprises a
Autour d'un axe 9 porté par le flanc 1
pivote la partie intermédiaire d'une biellette de
commande 10 dont une extrémité est articulée en 11 au
support 6 de l'élément d'assise 7 et dont l'extrémité
opposée est articulée autour d'un axe 12 à une extrémité
d'une bielle de liaison 13 dont l'autre extrémité est
articulée autour d'un axe 14 à un support 15 auquel est
fixé l'élément 16 de support de dossier, sur lequel est
posé un matelas 17 (indépendant du matelas d'assise 8)
qui permet la suspension en couchage seulement et assure
le confort en position d'assise. Solidaire de
l'extrémité arrière du socle 2 se trouve un flanc de
support 18, à l'extrémité supérieure duquel est articulé
l'élément 16 de support de dossier, autour d'un axe 19
disposé au-dessus de l'axe 14. La biellette de commande
10 et la biellette de rotation d'assise 4 déterminent un
parallélogramme déformable permettant le déplacement de
l'élément d'assise 7 dans la cinématique voulue.Around an
Un ressort à boudin 20 est accroché à une
extrémité à la pièce de support 6 et à son autre
extrémité à la biellette de liaison 13, pour assurer le
rappel et l'équilibrage de l'élément d'assise 7 et de
l'élément de dossier 16 lors des manipulations de
conversion de siège en lit et inversement. Une barre
d'accouplement (non représentée au dessin) relie
ensemble les biellettes de commande 4 placées des deux
côtés de la banquette, assurant un fonctionnement
symétrique des deux embiellages.A
On décrira maintenant le fonctionnement du
dispositif. Partant de la position de siège de la
banquette représentée à la figure 1, pour obtenir la
transformation en lit, l'utilisateur debout face au
meuble saisit l'élément d'assise 7, et le tire seulement
vers lui, sans efforts verticaux. Lors de ce mouvement
de traction, la bielle de rotation d'assise 4 bascule
dans le sens anti-horaire autour de l'axe d'articulation
3 et, simultanément, la biellette de commande 10 pivote
dans le sens anti-horaire autour de l'axe 9 en poussant
la biellette de liaison 13 vers l'arrière ce qui fait
basculer dans le sens anti-horaire, autour de l'axe 19,
l'élément support de dossier 16 depuis la position
verticale de siège jusqu'à la position horizontale de
lit. On a représenté à la figure 2 une position
intermédiaire en cours de mouvement, et à la figure 3 la
position finale en lit obtenue une fois que l'élément
support de dossier 16 a pris une position à plat. Dans
cette position de lit, comme on le voit à la figure 3,
le ressort 20 est tendu pour assurer le rappel de
l'élément support de dossier 16 vers la position de
siège.We will now describe the operation of the
device. Starting from the seat position of the
bench shown in Figure 1, to obtain the
transformation into a bed, the user standing facing the
furniture
En partant de la position de lit, pour
revenir à la position de siège, il suffit de reprendre
l'élément d'assise 7 comme précédemment, et de le lever
légèrement en poussant. La rotation de la biellette de
commande 10 dans le sens horaire autour de l'axe 9,
applique une traction sur la biellette de liaison 13
dont le déplacement vers l'avant, aidé par le ressort
20, commande la levée de l'élément support de dossier 16
par basculement autour de l'axe 19. Lorsque l'élément
support de dossier 16 a atteint sa position verticale,
l'élément d'assise 7 est revenu à sa position initiale
pour obtenir la position de siège de la figure 1. Dans
cette position, le ressort 20 se trouve tendu, pour
assurer le rappel de l'élément d'assise 7 vers la
position de lit. Dans cette position de siège, un
coussin de dos (non représenté au dessin) est rajouté
qui sert de suspension au dos et en même temps, suivant
son épaisseur, donne une profondeur d'assise appropriée.Starting from the bed position, for
return to the seat position, just resume
the
Pour obtenir l'accès au coffre à literie,
situé sous l'élément d'assise 7, on agit en mettant la
banquette en position de siège, puis en tirant l'élément
d'assise 7 tout en le soulevant. A un moment donné
l'articulation permet le basculement de l'élément
d'assise 7 sans que celui-ci touche le socle 2, et on
laisse alors l'élément d'assise 7 redescendre de façon
qu'il s'immobilise en appui sur ce socle en permettant
un accès au coffre à literie, sans avoir à maintenir
l'élément d'assise (voir figure 4). Pour revenir à la
position de siège, il suffit simplement d'appuyer sur
l'élément d'assise 7.To obtain access to the bedding chest,
located under the
On comprendra que la description ci-dessus à été donnée à simple titre d'exemple, sans caractère limitatif, et que des adjonctions ou des modifications constructives pourraient y être apportées sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.It will be understood that the above description to was given as an example, without character limiting, and that additions or modifications could be made without leaving the part of the invention.
Claims (6)
- Articulation device for a two-position sofa convertible from a seat to a bed, of the type comprising a seat element (7) and a backrest element (16) each carrying an individual mattress (8, 17), comprising a pivoting control rod (10) connected at one end to the seat element (7), and a connecting rod (13) connecting the other end of the said control rod (10) to the backrest element (16) in a manner such that a pulling or pushing movement applied to the seat element (7) brings about a synchronized pivoting of the backrest element (16) towards the horizontal or towards the vertical achieving the bed position or the seat position, characterized in that the said seat (7) and backrest (16) elements provide for lying down in a direction parallel to their axes, and in that the connecting rod (13) is articulated to the backrest element (16) at a point (14) situated below the axis of pivoting (19) of the backrest element (16) in a manner such that a forward pull applied to the seat element (7) in order to change to the bed position brings about a forward pivoting of the backrest element (16) to the horizontal position.
- Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the said control rod (10) pivots, in its intermediate portion, about a pin (9) carried by a first support (1) fixed to the base (2) of the piece of furniture, whereas its ends are articulated, respectively, to a second support (6) of the seat element (7) and to the said connecting rod (13).
- Device according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterized in that the articulation pin (19) of the backrest element (16) is carried by a support member (18) fixed to the base (2).
- Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the seat element (7) is connected to the base (2) by a seat pivot rod (4) articulated at one end to the said first support (1) and at the other end to the said second support (6).
- Device according to Claim 4, characterized in that the seat pivot rod (4) defines, with the control rod (10), a deformable parallelogram.
- Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a tension spring (20) connects the connecting rod (13) to the seat element (7) in order to bias and balance the backrest element (16) and the seat element (8) during the change from the seat position to the bed position and vice versa.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9215339A FR2699378B1 (en) | 1992-12-21 | 1992-12-21 | Two position articulation linkage for convertible bench seat. |
EP94401408A EP0688523B1 (en) | 1992-12-21 | 1994-06-23 | Articulation with two positions for a convertible couch bed |
DE0688523T DE688523T1 (en) | 1992-12-21 | 1994-06-23 | Articulated mechanism with two positions for an adjustable sofa bed |
DE69418600T DE69418600T2 (en) | 1992-12-21 | 1994-06-23 | Articulated mechanism with two positions for an adjustable sofa bed |
ES94401408T ES2087045T3 (en) | 1992-12-21 | 1994-06-23 | ARTICULATION CONNECTING ROD SYSTEM WITH TWO POSITIONS FOR CONVERTIBLE BENCH. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9215339A FR2699378B1 (en) | 1992-12-21 | 1992-12-21 | Two position articulation linkage for convertible bench seat. |
EP94401408A EP0688523B1 (en) | 1992-12-21 | 1994-06-23 | Articulation with two positions for a convertible couch bed |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0688523A1 EP0688523A1 (en) | 1995-12-27 |
EP0688523B1 true EP0688523B1 (en) | 1999-05-19 |
Family
ID=26137507
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94401408A Expired - Lifetime EP0688523B1 (en) | 1992-12-21 | 1994-06-23 | Articulation with two positions for a convertible couch bed |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0688523B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE69418600T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2087045T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2699378B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2699378B1 (en) * | 1992-12-21 | 1995-03-10 | Meral Soc Nouv | Two position articulation linkage for convertible bench seat. |
FR2854044B1 (en) * | 2003-04-22 | 2005-07-22 | Dumeste | CONVERTIBLE SOFA OF ENHANCED COMFORT |
US8201290B1 (en) | 2006-08-17 | 2012-06-19 | Flair Interiors, Inc. | Convertible sofa with contained air mattress |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2328218A (en) * | 1939-11-15 | 1943-08-31 | Brandwein & Company A | Studio couch |
FR76688E (en) * | 1959-09-22 | 1961-11-17 | Development of transformable sofas | |
FR2553984A1 (en) * | 1983-10-28 | 1985-05-03 | Granata Francois | Armchair or sofa bed with deformable parallelogram |
US4750222A (en) * | 1987-01-28 | 1988-06-14 | Flexsteel Industries Incorporated | Convertible seat-bed |
FR2699378B1 (en) * | 1992-12-21 | 1995-03-10 | Meral Soc Nouv | Two position articulation linkage for convertible bench seat. |
-
1992
- 1992-12-21 FR FR9215339A patent/FR2699378B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-06-23 DE DE69418600T patent/DE69418600T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-06-23 DE DE0688523T patent/DE688523T1/en active Pending
- 1994-06-23 EP EP94401408A patent/EP0688523B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-06-23 ES ES94401408T patent/ES2087045T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE688523T1 (en) | 1996-11-07 |
FR2699378B1 (en) | 1995-03-10 |
DE69418600D1 (en) | 1999-06-24 |
ES2087045T1 (en) | 1996-07-16 |
ES2087045T3 (en) | 1999-09-16 |
FR2699378A1 (en) | 1994-06-24 |
EP0688523A1 (en) | 1995-12-27 |
DE69418600T2 (en) | 1999-12-16 |
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