Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/825—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
  • C11D3/3945—Organic per-compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
  • C11D3/3947—Liquid compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
  • C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

• the present invention relates to bleaching compositions.
• the compositions of the present invention are particularly useful for laundry bleaching.
• compositions for the bleaching of laundry have been extensively described in the art.
• Bleaching compositions can be classified into peroxide bleaching compositions and hypochlorite bleaching compositions.
• Peroxide bleaching compositions have the advantage over hypochlorite bleaching compositions that they are generally considered as being somewhat safer to fabrics, specifically to colored fabrics.
• Peroxide compositions however have the inconveniency that they are often chemically unstable, which makes it difficult to formulate peroxide bleaching compositions which are sufficiently stable to be commercialized.
• a possible solution to this problem consists in formulating compositions with a high level of peroxide, to extend the "effective" period of the composition.
• compositions may reach the user which still comprise a high amount of peroxide, whereby possible skin itching may occur if the user's skin comes in contact with the peroxide composition.
• This itching phenomenon is quite moderate and fully reversible, but is does constitute potential discomfort for the user.
• Activated bleaching compositions comprise a bleach activator, typically a peracid precursor, which will react in an aqueous medium with hydrogen peroxide to form the corresponding peracid. This peracid is more effective at lower temperatures.
• Benzoyl peroxide may constitute the bleaching peroxide specie alone, as it hydrolyzes in aqueous medium in neutral/alkaline pH so as to generate a peracid.
• a composition is formulated which comprises hydrogen peroxide in one phase of the emulsion and benzoyl peroxide in the other phase of the emulsion.
• Bleaching compositions formulated as emulsions have been disclosed in EP 598 170.
• the compositions in '170 are emulsions comprising hydrogen peroxide in one phase and a hydrophobic liquid ingredient in the other phase.
• This hydrophobic liquid ingredient can be a peracid precursor.
• the present invention is an aqueous bleaching composition in the form of an emulsion comprising a hydrophilic nonionic surfactant and a hydrophobic nonionic surfactant, said emulsion further comprising an effective amount of benzoyl peroxide.
• compositions according to the present invention are stable aqueous emulsions of nonionic surfactants.
• stable emulsion it is meant an emulsion which does not macroscopically separate into distinct layers, upon standing for at least two weeks at 20 °C, more preferably at least six months.
• emulsion refers to emulsions which are obtained when smaller amounts of benzoyl peroxide are used, so that it is completely soluble in the hydrophobic nonionic surfactant, as well as suspensions which are obtained when the level of Benzoyl peroxide is increased to the point where part of it is not dissolved in the hydrophobic nonionic surfactant, and aggregates of Benzoyl Peroxide are formed in the aqueous phase.
• compositions according to the present invention are aqueous. Accordingly, the compositions according to the present invention comprise from 10% to 95% by weight of the total composition of water, preferably from 30% to 90%, most preferably from 60% to 85%. Deionized water is preferably used.
• compositions according to the present invention are emulsions of nonionic surfactants.
• Said emulsions of nonionic surfactants comprise at least two nonionic surfactants.
• said two nonionic surfactants In order to form emulsions which are stable, said two nonionic surfactants must have different HLB values (hydrophilic lipophilic balance), and preferably the difference in value of the HLBs of said two surfactants is at least 1, more preferably at least 3.
• HLB values hydrophilic lipophilic balance
• nonionic surfactant used herein is a nonionic surfactant with an HLB above 11 (herein referred to as hydrophilic nonionic surfactant), whereas the other one is a nonionic surfactant with an HLB below 10 (herein referred to as hydrophobic nonionic surfactant).
• hydrophilic nonionic surfactant a nonionic surfactant with an HLB above 11
• hydrophobic nonionic surfactant a nonionic surfactant with an HLB below 10
• concentration ratio between hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfactants should be chosen in such a way that the weighted average of their HLB is of from 9 to 11.
• compositions according to the present invention may comprise any other nonionic surfactants, but preferably the weighted average HLB, calculated with the additional surfactants, still falls in the specified range.
• Suitable nonionic surfactants for use herein include alkoxylated fatty alcohols. Indeed, a great variety of such alkoxylated fatty alcohols are commercially available which have very different HLB values (hydrophilic lipophilic balance).
• HLB values of such alkoxylated nonionic surfactants depend essentially on the nature of the alkoxylation and the degree of alkoxylation. Hydrophilic nonionic surfactants tend to have a higher degree of alkoxylation, while hydrophobic surfactants tend to have a lower degree of alkoxylation and a long chain fatty alcohol.
• Surfactants catalogues are available which list a number of surfactants including nonionics, together with their respective HLB values.
• compositions according to the present invention comprise from 2% to 70% by weight of the total composition of said hydrophilic and hydrophobic nonionic surfactants, preferably from 3% to 40%, most preferably from 4% to 30%.
• the compositions according to the present invention further comprise an effective amount of benzoyl peroxide in the hydrophobic phase.
• effective amount it is meant herein an amount sufficient for the bleaching of fabrics.
• benzoyl peroxide can be used with or without hydrogen peroxide. When it is used without hydrogen peroxide, it simply hydrolyzes in neutral/alkaline medium, i.e. in the bleaching liquor formed by diluting the compositions of the present invention in water, so as to form peroxybenzoate which is the bleaching specie.
• the compositions herein comprise from 1 % to 20 % by weight of the total composition, preferably from 2 % to 10 % by weight.
• benzoyl peroxide can be used herein together with hydrogen peroxide. Both ingredients are prevented from reacting in the composition, as hydrogen peroxide is incorporated in the hydrophilic phase, while benzoyl peroxide is incorporated in the hydrophobic phase. Thus both ingredients are kept separate until the composition is diluted in an aqueous medium for use. Upon dilution, the emulsion structure is ruptured, and benzoyl peroxide is perhydrolyzed by hydrogen peroxide so as to form peroxybenzoate. In this scenario, two moles of peroxybenzoate are formed per mole of benzoyl peroxide, whereas in the previously described scenario, only one mole of peroxybenzoate was formed per mole of benzoyl peroxide.
• compositions herein when the compositions herein are formulated with hydrogen peroxide, they should comprise from 1 % to 10 % by weight of the total composition of hydrogen peroxide, preferably from 2 % to 4 %, and from 1 % to 20% by weight of the total composition of benzoyl peroxide, preferably from 1 % to 10%.
• sources of hydrogen peroxide instead of hydrogen peroxide itself, one may use sources of hydrogen peroxide. Suitable sources of hydrogen peroxide for use herein include percarbonates, perborates, persulfates and the like.
• the pH of the compositions herein plays a role in the chemical stability of the composition. Accordingly, the compositions herein are preferably formulated at a pH of from 1 to 6, preferably 2 to 5.
• suitable means can be used for adjusting the pH of the compositions, including organic or inorganic acids, alkanolamines and the like. It may be advantageous to use alkanolamines, in particular monoethanolamine, inasmuch as they have an additional effect of regulating the viscosity of the emulsion, without compromising on its physical stability.
• compositions herein may comprise a variety of optional ingredients.
• a preferred optional feature of the compositions herein is the presence of radical scavengers, which are beneficial to the stability of the compositions herein.
• Suitable radical scavengers for use herein include the well-known substituted mono and di hydroxy benzenes and their analogs, alkyl and aryl carboxylates, and mixtures thereof.
• Preferred radical scavengers for use herein include butyl hydroxy toluene, mono-tert-butyl hydroquinone, benzoic acid, toluic acid, t-butyl catechol, benzylamine, 1,1,3-tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-t-butylphenyl) butane, commercially available under the trade name Topanol CA ® ex ICI, as well as n-propyl-gallate.
• Radical scavengers when used, are typically present herein in amounts ranging from 0.01 % to 2 % by weight of the total composition, preferably 0.01 % to 0.2 %.
• chelants herein may further improve the chemical stability of the compositions herein.
• Typical chelants useful herein include phosphonates, ethylene diamine dissuccinic acid, dipicolinic acid and diethylene triamine penta acetate and the like. Suitable levels for chelants herein are comprised between 0.01% and 5% by weight of the total composition. An increase in chemical stability could be observed by a synergistic action of both the previous ingredients, radical scavengers and chelants, combined together.
• compositions herein may further comprise other optionals, including anionic and cationic surfactants, to be formulated in the hydrophilic phase herein, other bleach activators to be used in mixture with benzoyl peroxide, such as acetyl triethyl citrate, builders and chelants, as well as aesthetics, including dyes and perfumes and the like.
• other bleach activators to be used in mixture with benzoyl peroxide, such as acetyl triethyl citrate, builders and chelants, as well as aesthetics, including dyes and perfumes and the like.
• compositions according to the present invention are particularly useful as laundry bleaches, including as pretreaters, i.e compositions which are dispensed and left to act onto fabrics before they are washed.
• Compositions herein can be formulated as laundry additives to be used before or together with detergents in an aqueous medium to boost their performance, or as detergent compositions per se.
• Compositions herein can also be used as automatic or hand dishwashing compositions, as hard surface cleaners, as denture cleansers, or as carpet cleaners.
• the present invention further encompasses a process for the manufacture of the compositions described herein.
• the process according to the present invention comprises at least three steps:
• a hydrophobic mixture which comprises said hydrophobic nonionic surfactant, said benzoyl peroxide, together with other, optional, hydrophobic ingredients which are to be formulated in the composition, such as perfumes, solvents, enzymes, bleach activators and polymers.
• a hydrophilic mixture which comprises at least said water, and said hydrophilic nonionic surfactant.
• Said hydrophilic mixture preferably further comprises other hydrophilic ingredients which are to be formulated in the composition such as dyes, optical brighteners, builders, chelants, hydrogen peroxide or sources thereof and buffering agents.
• first and said second steps can be performed in any order, i.e second step first is also suitable.
• said hydrophobic mixture and said hydrophilic mixture are mixed together.
• Composition 1 is a composition of Composition 1:
• test bleaching composition is used which is an activated bleaching composition comprising hydrogen peroxide and acetyl triethyl citrate, as disclosed in WO 93/12067.
• a comparison is made, in a single variable test, between benzoyl peroxide (the prototype) and acetyl triethyl citrate (the reference) at the same level (3.5%).

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Cosmetics (AREA)

Priority Applications (14)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (9)

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Citations (7)

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• 1994
  • 1994-06-17 DK DK94870097T patent/DK0687726T3/da active
  • 1994-06-17 ES ES94870097T patent/ES2143538T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-06-17 PT PT94870097T patent/PT687726E/pt unknown
  • 1994-06-17 DE DE69423613T patent/DE69423613T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-06-17 AT AT94870097T patent/ATE191002T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1994-06-17 EP EP94870097A patent/EP0687726B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1995
  • 1995-05-18 AU AU25933/95A patent/AU706186B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1995-05-18 MX MX9606565A patent/MX9606565A/es unknown
  • 1995-05-18 CA CA002191571A patent/CA2191571A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1995-05-18 JP JP8502165A patent/JPH10504584A/ja active Pending
  • 1995-05-18 CN CN95193652A patent/CN1049402C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1995-05-18 WO PCT/US1995/006222 patent/WO1995035255A1/en active Application Filing
• 2000
  • 2000-03-23 GR GR20000400511T patent/GR3032831T3/el not_active IP Right Cessation

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