EP0687515A1 - Kühlwalze zum kontinuierlichen Giessen und deren Herstellung - Google Patents

Kühlwalze zum kontinuierlichen Giessen und deren Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0687515A1
EP0687515A1 EP94109028A EP94109028A EP0687515A1 EP 0687515 A1 EP0687515 A1 EP 0687515A1 EP 94109028 A EP94109028 A EP 94109028A EP 94109028 A EP94109028 A EP 94109028A EP 0687515 A1 EP0687515 A1 EP 0687515A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling
drum
rigid member
circumferential surface
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94109028A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0687515B1 (de
Inventor
Kunimasa C/O Hiroshima Mach. Works Of Sasaki
Youichi C/O Hiroshima Mach. Works Of Wakiyama
Takahiro C/O Hiroshima Res. & Dev. Matsumoto
Kisaburo C/O Hiroshima Res. & Dev. Mits. Tanaka
Keiichi C/O Hiroshima Res. & Dev. Yamamoto
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Publication date
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Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to EP19940109028 priority Critical patent/EP0687515B1/de
Priority to DE1994625960 priority patent/DE69425960T2/de
Publication of EP0687515A1 publication Critical patent/EP0687515A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0687515B1 publication Critical patent/EP0687515B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F5/00—Elements specially adapted for movement
    • F28F5/02—Rotary drums or rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/0648—Casting surfaces
    • B22D11/0651—Casting wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/068—Accessories therefor for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cooling drum for a twin-drum type continuous casting system or a single-drum type continuous casting system, and also relates to a method for manufacturing such cooling drum.
  • a structure shown in Fig. 6 was disclosed in Laid-Open Japanese Patent Specification No. 3-169461 entitled "Rolls for a system for continuously casting with a single roll or between twin rolls".
  • a central portion of a sleeve 7 coming into contact with molten metal is mechanically restrained with respect to a core 6 by means of a side plate 4 and an annular clamp member 3, and the core 6 is fixedly secured to a shaft 2 via a hub 1.
  • the sleeve 7 is cooled by making coolant flow through the inside of the sleeve 7 and the core 6 as shown by arrows in Fig. 6.
  • thermal deformation of the cooling roll which determines a cast piece configuration would become large as a casting time elapses.
  • a working time of a cooling drum was several minuts in the case where the sleeve 7 is made of material having a low thermal conductivity such as, for example, steel, and even in the case of employing material having a high thermal conductivity such as copper alloys, it was several hours at maximum.
  • thermal deformation exceeded 1000 ⁇ m and a distribution of a crown of a cast piece also exceeded ⁇ 50 ⁇ m.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide the above-described type of cooling drum, in which heat transmission from molten metal to the cooling drum is suppressed, heat transmitted to the cooling drum is quickly removed, a corrosion-resistance as well as a rigidity of the drum are enhanced to prevent its deformation, and its life is elongated.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a cooling drum having a high rigidity and such construction that coolant for removing heat transmitted from molten metal can smoothly communicate through the drum.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to provide a cooling drum having a coolant communication structure which can quickly remove heat transmitted from molten metal and also can avoid temperature distribution in the drum from becoming uneven.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a cooling drum for a continuous casting system, which is composed of different kinds of metals bonded via a highly reliable metallurgical bonding surface, has a high rigidity, is hardly deformed and has a long life.
  • a cooling drum for a continuous casting system employs a construction having a three-layer structure consisting of a cylindrical rigid member, a cylindrical cooling member fitted around an outer circumferential surface of the same rigid member and having its inner circumferential surface metallurgically bonded to the above-mentioned outer circumferential surface, and a heat-resistance member formed by electro-deposition plating on an outer circumferential surface of the same cooling member, and provided with cooling holes drilled in the above-mentioned cooling member as distributed over its entire circumference and extending in the axial direction of the above-mentioned cooling drum, and coolant passageways connecting the opposite axial end portions of these cooling holes with an inner circumferential portion of the abovementioned rigid member.
  • the cooling drum employing the construction having a three-layer structure consisting of a rigid member, a cooling member metallurgically bonded to the outside of the rigid member and a heat-resistance member formed by electro-plating on the outer circumferential surface of the cooling member and also having cooling holes for communicating coolant in the cooling member as described above, is used, while the cooling drum is rotated, molten metal being fed continuously is cooled and solidified by the cooling drum in the following manner, and thereby a highly qualified band-shaped cast piece can be continuously cast.
  • the heat-resistance member of the cooling drum suppresses transmission of sensible heat and latent heat (heat of solidification) of molten metal to the cooling member, the cooling member transmits the transmitted heat to coolant flowing through the cooling holes in the cooling member and reduces its temperature rise, and further, thermal deformation caused by uneven temperature distribution slightly remaining in the cooling member is restrained by the rigid member and is made small.
  • the above-described rigid member is made of austenite group stainless steel
  • the above-mentioned cooling member is made of either Cu or Cu-alloy
  • the above-described heat-resistance member is made of either a mono-layer plated metal as of Ni, Ni-alloy, Co or Co-alloy or a multi-layer plated metal as of Ni-polynite-Cr.
  • the cooling drum according to the present invention in which the rigid member is made of austenite group stainless steel, the cooling member is made of Cu or Cu-alloy and the heat-resistance member is made of metal such as Ni-polynite-Cr, Ni or Co, has, in addition to the above-described advantages, the advantages that the rigid member prolongs its life owing to a high corrosion-resistance of austenite group stainless steel, enhances its rigidity during use thanks to a high Young's modulus and thereby increases a restraining force acting upon the cooling member.
  • the cooling member made of Cu or Cu-alloy a heat transmission property of the cooling roll is enhanced, heat transmitted from the heat-resistance member along the surface of the roll is quickly transmitted to coolant to cool the roll, and thereby thermal deformation of the roll is reduced.
  • the thin-walled heat-resistance member made of metal such as Ni-polynite-Cr, Ni or Co which has a relatively low thermal conductivity, heat dissipation at a high temperature upon continuous casting is reduced, and transmission of sensible heat and heat of solidification of molten metal to the cooling member is further decreased.
  • the above-described rigid member is shaped in such manner that a ratio of its inner diameter to its outer diameter may take a value of 0.4 - 0.6, and an interval in the circumferential direction of the drum between the centers of the adjacent cooling holes in the above-described cooling member is chosen equal to or smaller than twice the distance between the center of the same cooling hole and the outer circumferential surface of the above-mentioned cooling member.
  • the cooling drum having a rigid member which has a ratio of an inner diameter to an outer diameter chosen to be 0.4 - 0.6, in addition to the above-described advantages, there is provided an advantage that as a result of the fact that a wall thickness of the cylindrical rigid member becomes large to such extent that coolant can smoothly communicate through the inside of the rigid member, a rigidity of that member is further enhanced, hence a restraining force acting upon the cooling member in which an uneven temperature distribution remains slightly is enlarged to further reduce its thermal deformation, and therefore, a highly qualified band-shaped cast piece can be produced.
  • an interval in the circumferential direction of the drum between the centers of the adjacent cooling holes is chosen to be equal to or smaller than twice the distance between the center of the cooling hole and the outer circumferential surface of the cooling member, in addition to the above-described advantages, there is provided an advantage that since the intervals in the circumferential direction of the drum between the respective cooling holes in the cooling member are made small, cooling of the cooling member by the coolant flowing through the cooling holes in the cooling member is promoted, hence an uneven temperature distribution in the cooling member is further decreased, and therefore, a highly qualified band-shaped cast piece can be continuously produced.
  • a method for manufacturing a cooling drum in which a restraining member is fitted around an outer circumferential surface of a cooling member in which a cylindrical rigid member has been fitted with a mold releasing agent interposed between the bonding surfaces of the both members, the bonding surfaces of the above-mentioned rigid member and the above-mentioned cooling member are raised in temperature and held at a temperature of 900°C or higher while maintaining in an evacuated state, the temperature of the above-mentioned rigid member is made higher than the above-mentioned restraining member by further heating it from the side of its inner circumference, and after the above-described rigid member and the above-described restraining member have been metallurgically bonded by pressing the aforementioned bonding surfaces as a result of difference in thermal expansion between there members, a heat-resistance member is
  • the rigid member, the cooling member and a restraining member are heated to raise the temperature of the bonding surface between the rigid member and the cooling member up to 900°C or higher under an evacuated state, and the rigid member is further heated from the side of its inner circumference to raise the temperature of the rigid member higher than the restraining member, the rigid body expands larger than the restraining member, hence the above-mentioned bonding surface is subjected to a surface pressure necessary for metallurgical bonding because the cooling member is restrained by the restraining member, and therefore, the outer circumferential surface of the rigid member and the inner circumferential surface of the cooling member are metallurgically firmly bonded.
  • a heat-resistance member is formed by electro-deposition plating on the outer surface of the cooling member after the above-described metallurgical bonding and machining for shaping.
  • a rigid member 51 is made of SUS304 austenite group stainless steel and is formed in a cylindrical shape having an inner diameter of 272 mm, an outer diameter of 512 mm, a thickness of 120 mm and a length of 600 mm, whose ratio of (inner diameter)/(outer diameter) is about 0.53.
  • this rigid member 51 Onto the outer circumferential surface of this rigid member 51 is metallurgically bonded, through diffusion bonding, a cooling member 53 having a thickness of 42 mm, made of Cu-alloy containing 0.6% Cr and 0.15% Zr and having a thermal conductivity corresponding to IACS 50 - 80% at a temperature of 150°C or lower.
  • the metallurgical bonding portion between the rigid member 51 and the cooling member 53 is diffusion-bonded by means of an apparatus and jigs shown in Fig. 4.
  • the cooling member 53 is fitted around the rigid member 51 as by elongation or shrinkage fitting so that the gap clearance therebetween may become as small as possible, a mold releasing agent is applied to the outer circumferential surface of this cooling member 53, then a restraining member 21 having a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the rigid member 51 such as, for example, a member made of cast iron is fitted around the cooling member 53 as by elongation or shrinkage fitting so that the gap clearance therebetween may become as small as possible, thereafter a ring-shaped vacuum seal caps 23 are fixedly secured to the fitted portions by seal welding 24, an evacuating pipe 26 is connected to these vacuum seal caps 23, and further the assembly is covered by heat-insulating materials 25.
  • the assembly consisting of the above-described members is carried in a heating furnace 31 and is supported by support tables 30 with a perforated muffle 27 inserted within the inner circumference of the rigid member 51, and thereby a retort is formed so that a bonding boundary surface 55 between the rigid member 51 and the cooling member 53 may become a nearly vacuum state as a result of evacuation through the evacuating pipe 26.
  • the atmosphere in the heating furnace 31 is raised in temperature by means of a number of burners 29, furthermore combustion gas is introduced through a duct 28 and is made to spout from the perforated muffle 27 to the inner circumferential surface of the rigid member 51, and thereby the rigid member 51 is raised in temperature about 50° - 100°C higher than the restraining member 21.
  • the bonding boundary surface 55 is raised in temperature up to 900 - 950°C, simultaneously the rigid member 51 is made to expand larger than the restraining member 21 due to the differences in a coefficient of thermal expansion and a temperature between the rigid member 51 and the restraining member 21, thus a surface pressure necessary for diffusion bonding is generated on the bonding boundary surface 55, and this state is maintained for a predetermined period of time to metallurgically bond the members 51 and 53.
  • the assembly has been cooled to the neighborhood of a normal temperature, it is carried out from the heating furnace 31, the heat-insulating material 25, the vacuum seal caps 23 and the evacuating pipe 26 are removed, and the restraining member 21 is extracted from the cooling member 53.
  • a heat-resistance member 54 made of Ni of 2 mm in thickness is plated by electro-deposition on the cooling member 53.
  • the material and thickness of the heat-resistance member 54 were determined according to the following condition.
  • the material as a material which is relatively easily oxidized, has a small reactivity with molten metal 71 and a relatively high melting point, is hardly subjected to change of properties caused by temperature rise at the time of continuous casting, and has a large bonding force with the cooling member 53 made of Cu-alloy, Ni, Ni-alloy, Co, Co-alloy and Ni-polynite-Cr were acceptable, and those having a thermal conductivity at 300°C of 0.10 - 0.18 cal/cm ⁇ K were favorable.
  • the value of the minimum distance ⁇ is different depending upon material of the cooling member 53, in the case of Cr-Zr copper, a value of maximum 2.5 cm is favorable, and at a value larger than this value, temperature rise of the cooling member 53 is brought about, simultaneously temperature rise of the heat-resistance member 54 on the surface is generated, resulting in inconvenience of the system.
  • a pair of cooling drums 50 each having an outer diameter of 600 mm and a width of 604 mm are constructed from the above-mentioned members disposed at the abovementioned locations.
  • Reference numeral 69 designates a pair of side weirs, which are disposed so as to slide along the opposite side surfaces of the rotating cooling drums 50.
  • coolant water is made to flow from coolant water passageways 57a and 58a, respectively, through the respective cooling holes 57 and 58 in the opposite directions to each other at a flow rate of 3000 liters/min. to cool the cooling member 53 symmetrically with respect to a midplane perpendicular to the axial direction of the cooling drum 50, and while the rigid member 51 is being cooled also by the coolant water, the both cooling drums 50 are rotated, molten metal 71 of austenite group stainless steel is fed to a basin 70 formed by the both side weirs 69 to be solidified, and thereby a band-shaped cast piece 72 is continuously cast.
  • the cooling drums 50 absorb the sensible heat and the solidification heat of the molten metal 71 and thermally deforms into a barrel shape, and hence the cast piece is formed in an inverse-crown shape whose central portion is thinner than the opposite edge portions.
  • a pair of cooling drums 50 were manufactures, each of which has an outer diameter of 1200 mm, a width of 604 mm, a thickness of a rigid member 51 of 250 mm, a thickness of a cooling member 53 of 48 mm and a thickness of a heat-resistance member 54 of 0.4 mm (D Ri /D R ⁇ 0.55) and whose other dimensions, shapes and materials are identical to the first preferred embodiment, and they were used in twin-drum type continuous casting tests of austenite group stainless steel.
  • the barrel-shaped deformation of the outer circumferential surface of the cooling drum 50 was 300 ⁇ m in terms of a difference in radius as cast piece data, and distribution of deformation according to lapse of a casting time was also ⁇ 15 ⁇ m in terms of a standard deviation.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the cooling drum 50 was ground into a barrel-shape and then was put in use.
  • cooling drum according to the present invention is used in a twin-drum type continuous casting system of austenite group stainless steel in the above-described first and second preferred embodiments, it is also possible to utilize this cooling drum in a single-drum type continuous casting, and further the same cooling drum is available in a continuous casting system of carbon steel, aluminium or copper-alloy.
  • a three-layer structure is formed by metallurgically bonding a cylindrical rigid member to a cylindrical cooling member and plating a heat-resistance member on an outer circumferential surface through electro-deposition and cooling holes for the cooling member are provided in the axial direction within the cooling member as distributed along the circumferential direction of the drum over the entire circumference, and as a result, the following advantages are offered.
  • the heat-resistance member decreases transmission of sensible heat and heat of solidification of molten metal to the cooling member.
  • the cooling member transmits the above-described transmitted heat to coolant flowing through the cooling holes in the cooling member to reduce its temperature rise.
  • thermal deformation of the cooling member can be prevented by restraining the cooling member by means of the rigid member. Accordingly, a highly qualified band-shaped cast piece having little difference in thickness between the central portion in the widthwise direction and the opposite edge portions, can be continuously cast.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
EP19940109028 1994-06-13 1994-06-13 Kühlwalze zum kontinuierlichen Giessen und deren Herstellung Revoked EP0687515B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19940109028 EP0687515B1 (de) 1994-06-13 1994-06-13 Kühlwalze zum kontinuierlichen Giessen und deren Herstellung
DE1994625960 DE69425960T2 (de) 1994-06-13 1994-06-13 Kühlwalze zum kontinuierlichen Giessen und deren Herstellung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19940109028 EP0687515B1 (de) 1994-06-13 1994-06-13 Kühlwalze zum kontinuierlichen Giessen und deren Herstellung

Publications (2)

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EP0687515A1 true EP0687515A1 (de) 1995-12-20
EP0687515B1 EP0687515B1 (de) 2000-09-20

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ID=8216013

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EP19940109028 Revoked EP0687515B1 (de) 1994-06-13 1994-06-13 Kühlwalze zum kontinuierlichen Giessen und deren Herstellung

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DE (1) DE69425960T2 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998052706A1 (de) * 1997-05-23 1998-11-26 Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Giesswalze für eine dünnband-stranggiessanlage
WO2002026425A1 (de) * 2000-09-27 2002-04-04 Sms Demag Aktiengesellschaft Giessrolle zum bilden eines giessstrangs, insbesondere für eine zwei-rollen-giessmaschine

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0024506A1 (de) * 1979-08-13 1981-03-11 Allied Corporation Apparat und Verfahren für das Kokillengiessen eines Metallbandes unter Verwendung einer Kokille mit chrombeschichteter Oberfläche
JPS5756141A (en) * 1980-08-20 1982-04-03 Pioneer Electronic Corp Manufacturing device of thin strip
DE3839110A1 (de) * 1987-11-19 1989-06-01 Hitachi Ltd Zwillingswalzen-stranggiesseinrichtung
JPH01166862A (ja) * 1987-12-21 1989-06-30 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 双ロール式連鋳機のロール鋳型
JPH02160145A (ja) * 1988-12-10 1990-06-20 Kawasaki Steel Corp 急冷薄帯製造用の冷却ロール及びその製造方法
EP0421908A1 (de) 1989-10-02 1991-04-10 USINOR SACILOR Société Anonyme Zylinder für Stranggiessvorrichtung zur Herstellung dünnen Metallbandes
EP0428464A1 (de) * 1989-11-16 1991-05-22 USINOR SACILOR Société Anonyme Zylinder für Einzel- oder Doppelrollenstranggiessvorrichtung
FR2666756A1 (fr) * 1990-09-14 1992-03-20 Usinor Sacilor Cylindre pour la coulee continue de bandes de metal entre deux cylindres, notamment d'acier, et procede de fabrication de ce cylindre.
EP0477121A1 (de) 1990-09-14 1992-03-25 Usinor Sacilor Mantel für Gusswalzen zum Strangguss von Metall, insbesondere Stahl, zwischen oder auf den Giesswalzen
EP0490800A1 (de) 1990-12-07 1992-06-17 Usinor Sacilor Zylinder für Einzel- oder Doppelrollenstranggiessen.
WO1992011959A1 (en) * 1991-01-04 1992-07-23 Davy Mckee (Sheffield) Limited A cooling roll

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0024506A1 (de) * 1979-08-13 1981-03-11 Allied Corporation Apparat und Verfahren für das Kokillengiessen eines Metallbandes unter Verwendung einer Kokille mit chrombeschichteter Oberfläche
JPS5756141A (en) * 1980-08-20 1982-04-03 Pioneer Electronic Corp Manufacturing device of thin strip
DE3839110A1 (de) * 1987-11-19 1989-06-01 Hitachi Ltd Zwillingswalzen-stranggiesseinrichtung
JPH01166862A (ja) * 1987-12-21 1989-06-30 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 双ロール式連鋳機のロール鋳型
JPH02160145A (ja) * 1988-12-10 1990-06-20 Kawasaki Steel Corp 急冷薄帯製造用の冷却ロール及びその製造方法
EP0421908A1 (de) 1989-10-02 1991-04-10 USINOR SACILOR Société Anonyme Zylinder für Stranggiessvorrichtung zur Herstellung dünnen Metallbandes
EP0428464A1 (de) * 1989-11-16 1991-05-22 USINOR SACILOR Société Anonyme Zylinder für Einzel- oder Doppelrollenstranggiessvorrichtung
JPH03169461A (ja) * 1989-11-16 1991-07-23 Usinor Sacilor Sa １ロールでまたは２ロール間で連続鋳造するための装置のためのロール
FR2666756A1 (fr) * 1990-09-14 1992-03-20 Usinor Sacilor Cylindre pour la coulee continue de bandes de metal entre deux cylindres, notamment d'acier, et procede de fabrication de ce cylindre.
EP0477121A1 (de) 1990-09-14 1992-03-25 Usinor Sacilor Mantel für Gusswalzen zum Strangguss von Metall, insbesondere Stahl, zwischen oder auf den Giesswalzen
EP0490800A1 (de) 1990-12-07 1992-06-17 Usinor Sacilor Zylinder für Einzel- oder Doppelrollenstranggiessen.
WO1992011959A1 (en) * 1991-01-04 1992-07-23 Davy Mckee (Sheffield) Limited A cooling roll

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 13, no. 432 (M - 874)<3780> 27 September 1989 (1989-09-27) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 14, no. 416 (M - 1021)<4359> 7 September 1990 (1990-09-07) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 6, no. 130 (M - 143)<1008> 16 July 1982 (1982-07-16) *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998052706A1 (de) * 1997-05-23 1998-11-26 Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Giesswalze für eine dünnband-stranggiessanlage
WO2002026425A1 (de) * 2000-09-27 2002-04-04 Sms Demag Aktiengesellschaft Giessrolle zum bilden eines giessstrangs, insbesondere für eine zwei-rollen-giessmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69425960T2 (de) 2001-03-22
EP0687515B1 (de) 2000-09-20
DE69425960D1 (de) 2000-10-26

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