EP0686732B1 - Panneau isolant thermique - Google Patents

Panneau isolant thermique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0686732B1
EP0686732B1 EP19950303816 EP95303816A EP0686732B1 EP 0686732 B1 EP0686732 B1 EP 0686732B1 EP 19950303816 EP19950303816 EP 19950303816 EP 95303816 A EP95303816 A EP 95303816A EP 0686732 B1 EP0686732 B1 EP 0686732B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panel
envelope
thermal insulating
exterior
microporous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19950303816
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0686732A1 (fr
Inventor
John Thomas Hughes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Micropore International Ltd
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Micropore International Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Micropore International Ltd filed Critical Micropore International Ltd
Publication of EP0686732A1 publication Critical patent/EP0686732A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0686732B1 publication Critical patent/EP0686732B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a thermal insulating panel comprising an outer porous envelope containing a block of compacted microporous thermal insulating material.
  • microporous' is used herein to identify porous or cellular materials in which the ultimate size of the cells or voids is less than the mean free path of an air molecule at NTP, i.e. of the order of 100 nm or smaller.
  • a material which is microporous in this sense will exhibit very low transfer of heat by air conduction (that is collisions between air molecules).
  • microporous materials include aerogel, which is a gel in which the liquid phase has been replaced by a gaseous phase in such a way as to avoid the shrinkage which would occur if the gel was dried directly from a liquid.
  • aerogel which is a gel in which the liquid phase has been replaced by a gaseous phase in such a way as to avoid the shrinkage which would occur if the gel was dried directly from a liquid.
  • a substantially identical structure can be obtained by controlled precipitation from solution, the temperature and pH being controlled during precipitation to obtain an open lattice precipitate.
  • the microporous insulating material typically comprises a dry particulate microporous material as defined hereinabove mixed with fibre or filament reinforcement, an opacifier such as titanium dioxide and, for high temperature use, a small quantity of alumina powder to resist shrinkage.
  • microporous thermal insulating material Handleable sheets and shaped constructions of microporous thermal insulating material are well known.
  • a particularly advantageous form of construction because of its cost-effective manufacturing technique, is a microporous insulating panel, as shown in cross-section in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings, in the form of a compacted microporous insulating composition 1 which is enclosed by a woven glass envelope 2, there being some adhesion between the material of the envelope and the contained insulating material.
  • a woven glass material which is inherently porous, for the envelope, other porous materials may also be used.
  • part of the envelope may comprise non-porous material.
  • the porosity of the envelope is important during manufacture of the panel. Powdery microporous thermal insulating material is poured into the envelope, which is open at one edge. This edge is then sealed and pressure is applied to the exterior of the envelope to compact the insulating material, air being displaced through the porous material of the envelope.
  • the extent of porosity of the envelope material affects the uniformity of density of the compacted insulating material and also affects what can be described as dustiness of the final product.
  • the woven glass cloth envelope material has very low permeability to the particulate materials constituting the microporous insulating material and this allows the panels to be manufactured with a substantially dust-free surface.
  • Thermally insulating panels constructed in this way have been found to be very acceptable for use in most applications. However, problems can be encountered when such a panel is applied to a warm surface.
  • the compacted microporous insulating material 1 becomes separated from the material of the envelope 2 and gas pressure is generated in the space 4 between the envelope and the insulating material.
  • the gas pressure results from whatever gas, such as air, constitutes the ambient atmosphere surrounding the panel.
  • This swelling of the panel is undesirable as it may cause the panel structure to be ruptured and it may be difficult to build up layers of other materials against the panel.
  • the material of the envelope 2 such as woven glass fabric, is inherently porous in nature, particles of the microporous insulating material tend to block the pores and this prevents escape of air, or other gas, from the space 4 through the envelope 2 as the pressure in the space 4 builds up.
  • the present invention accordingly provides a thermal insulating panel comprising an envelope, of which at least a part thereof is of porous material, containing a block of compacted microporous thermal insulating material, the panel having external first and second surfaces, the first surface being arranged to be subjected to an elevated temperature relative to the second surface, vent means being provided communicating between the exterior of the panel and an interfacial region between the microporous insulating material and the envelope at the first surface of the panel.
  • the vent means may comprise at least one aperture extending through the panel from an open aperture end at the exterior of the panel at least to an inside surface of the envelope at the interfacial region between the microporous insulating material and the envelope at the first surface of the panel.
  • at least one aperture may also extend through the envelope at the first surface of the panel to form a further open aperture end, in which case it may be preferred to provide cover means for the further open aperture end on the exterior of the envelope at the first surface of the panel to prevent ingress of unwanted material.
  • unwanted material may, for example, comprise a cement, mortar or an adhesive used in connection with application of the panel with its first surface in contact with a component or structure whose surface is intended to be at the elevated temperature.
  • cover means may also be provided on the exterior of the envelope at the first-mentioned open aperture end. Where two cover means are provided at least one should be air permeable.
  • the cover means may comprise a patch, for example of the same material composition as the envelope, secured to the exterior of the envelope by means of an adhesive.
  • the at least one aperture suitably extends from the exterior of the panel at the second surface thereof, the second surface being preferably opposite the first surface.
  • the vent means may alternatively comprise at least one notch provided in an edge region of the panel and communicating between the exterior of the panel and the interfacial region between the microporous thermal insulating material and the envelope at the first surface of the panel.
  • Cover means may be provided for at least part of the or each notch, on the exterior of the envelope, at least in the region of the first surface of the panel, to prevent ingress of unwanted material as previously described in connection with the vent means in the form of one or more apertures. Where the cover means extends entirely over the notch, the cover means should be air permeable.
  • the cover means may comprise a patch, for example of the same material composition as the envelope, secured to the exterior of the envelope by means of an adhesive.
  • vent means may comprise at least one aperture extending through the envelope at the first surface of the panel to the interfacial region between the microporous thermal insulating material and the envelope at the first surface of the panel.
  • vent means may be provided.
  • At least part of the envelope requires to be made of porous material, such as a woven glass material which is inherently porous or materials such as plastics or metal foils formed with suitably sized apertures to render the material porous.
  • porous material such as a woven glass material which is inherently porous or materials such as plastics or metal foils formed with suitably sized apertures to render the material porous.
  • the porosity of the envelope material is suitably selected such that the material is permeable to gas, particularly air, whilst substantially preventing microporous insulating material from passing through it.
  • any tendency for gas pressure to build up at the interfacial region between the microporous insulating material and the envelope at the first surface is avoided by the provision of the vent means.
  • the gas tending to produce such gas pressure may be air, or whatever ambient gas surrounds the panel.
  • a thermal insulating panel 5 is constructed by well-known techniques, for example as described in GB-A-1 350 661 and GB-A-1 247 674. Such a panel may also be prepared by the process described in GB-A-2 286 797.
  • the panel 5 comprises an envelope 6 of porous material, such as woven glass cloth, containing a block of compacted microporous thermal insulating material 7.
  • the envelope 6 is sealed along opposite ends 8, 9 by means of stitching or by means of an adhesive.
  • the panel 5 has an external first surface 10 opposite to which is an external second surface 11.
  • the panel 5 is intended to be used for thermal insulation purposes with the first surface 10 in contact with a hot surface of a structure or component (not shown).
  • Vent means in the form of an aperture 12, for example of about 4 mm in diameter, is provided, the aperture communicating between the exterior of the panel and an interfacial region 13 between the microporous insulating material 7 and the envelope 6 at the first surface 10 of the panel.
  • the aperture 12 passes through the envelope at the second surface 11 of the panel and extends either right up to the inside surface 14 of the envelope, at the first surface 10 of the panel, as shown in Figure 4, or completely through the envelope at the first surface 10 of the panel, as shown in Figure 5.
  • a cover means 15 in the form of a patch of suitable material, such as woven glass cloth, secured to the exterior of the envelope by means of an adhesive and covering the aperture 12.
  • Such a cover means 15 serves to prevent ingress of any unwanted material into the aperture 12 when the panel is secured to a structure by means which may involve adhesive material, cement or mortar, for example.
  • a plurality of apertures 12 may be provided as illustrated in Figure 3.
  • thermal insulating panel shown in Figures 6 and 7, this is constructed basically in the same manner as described above with reference to Figures 3 to 5, apart from the arrangement of the vent means.
  • parts substantially the same as those in Figures 3 to 5 are given the same reference numerals as in Figures 3 to 5.
  • a vent means in the form of a notch 16 is provided in a side edge of the panel 5.
  • the notch 16 is suitably provided by means of a saw blade and extends from the exterior of the panel to the interfacial region 13 between the microporous insulating material and the envelope 6 at the first surface 10 of the panel.
  • a cover means 17 in the form of a patch of suitable material, such as woven glass cloth, may be secured to the exterior of the envelope by means of an adhesive to cover the notch 16 at a region thereof in the vicinity of the first surface 10 of the panel.
  • Such a cover means 17 serves to prevent ingress of any unwanted material into the notch 16 when the panel is secured to a structure which may involve adhesive material, cement or mortar, for example.
  • a plurality of notches 16 may be provided, if desired as shown in Figure 6.
  • thermal insulating panel shown in Figure 8, this is constructed basically in the same manner as described above with reference to Figures 3 to 5, apart from the arrangement of the vent means.
  • parts substantially the same as those in Figures 3 to 5 are given the same reference numerals as in Figures 3 to 5.
  • a vent means 18 in the form of one or more apertures is provided extending substantially only through the envelope 6 at the first surface 10 of the panel to the interfacial region between the microporous thermal insulating material and the envelope 6 at the first surface 10 of the panel.
  • the panels 5 of Figures 3 to 8 are applied as thermal insulation to a structure (not shown) with the first surface 10 in contact with a hot surface of the structure.
  • the aperture 12 of Figures 3 to 5 the notch 16 of Figures 6 and 7 or the aperture 18 of Figure 8
  • the compacted microporous thermal insulating material 7 would become separated from the material of the envelope 6 at the interfacial region 13 therebetween and gas pressure generated in the resulting space would cause swelling of the panel, as if blown up like a balloon, as previously explained and shown in Figure 2.
  • the gas involved in such an effect can be air or whatever gas surrounds the panel in its particular application.
  • the provision of the aperture 12, the notch 16 or the aperture 18 provides venting of gas and prevents any such gas pressure from being generated, thereby ensuring that the panel remains flat and undistorted when in contact with a hot surface.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Panneau isolant thermique comprenant une enveloppe (6), dont au moins une partie est en matériau poreux, contenant un bloc (7) de matériau isolant thermique microporeux compacté, le panneau ayant des première et deuxième surfaces extérieures (10, 11), la première surface (10) étant agencée pour être soumise à une température élevée par rapport à la deuxième surface (11), caractérisé en ce qu'un moyen d'évent (12, 16, 18) est prévu pour communiquer entre l'extérieur du panneau et une région interfaciale (13) entre le matériau isolant microporeux (7) et l'enveloppe (6) au niveau de la première surface (10) du panneau.
  2. Panneau isolant thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen d'évent (12, 16, 18) comprend au moins une ouverture (12) traversant le panneau depuis une extrémité d'ouverture ouverte à l'extérieur du panneau au moins jusqu'à une surface intérieure de l'enveloppe (6) au niveau de la région interfaciale (13) entre le matériau isolant microporeux (7) et l'enveloppe (6) au niveau de la première surface (10) du panneau.
  3. Panneau isolant thermique selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la ou les ouvertures (12) traversent l'enveloppe (6) au niveau de la première surface (10) du panneau pour former une autre extrémité d'ouverture ouverte.
  4. Panneau isolant thermique selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un moyen de couverture (15) pour l'autre extrémité d'ouverture ouverte est prévu à l'extérieur de l'enveloppe (6) au niveau de la première surface (10) du panneau.
  5. Panneau isolant thermique selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un moyen de couverture (15) pour la première extrémité d'ouverture ouverte mentionnée est prévu à l'extérieur de l'enveloppe.
  6. Panneau isolant thermique selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de couverture (15) est sous la forme d'une pièce fixée à l'extérieur de l'enveloppe (6) au moyen d'un adhésif.
  7. Panneau isolant thermique selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la pièce est de la même composition matérielle que l'enveloppe (6).
  8. Panneau isolant thermique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une ouverture (12) part de l'extérieur du panneau au niveau de sa deuxième surface (11).
  9. Panneau isolant thermique selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième surface (11) est en face de la première surface (10).
  10. Panneau isolant thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen d'évent est constitué d'au moins une encoche (16) prévue dans une partie du bord du panneau et communique entre l'extérieur du panneau et la région interfaciale (13) entre le matériau isolant thermique microporeux (7) et l'enveloppe (6) au niveau de la première surface (10) du panneau.
  11. Panneau isolant thermique selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'un moyen de couverture (17) est prévu pour au moins une partie de la ou des encoches (16), à l'extérieur de l'enveloppe (6), au moins dans la région de la première surface (10) du panneau.
  12. Panneau isolant thermique selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de couverture (17) est constitué d'une pièce fixée à l'extérieur de l'enveloppe (6) au moyen d'un adhésif.
  13. Panneau isolant thermique selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que la pièce est de même composition matérielle que l'enveloppe (6).
  14. Panneau isolant thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen d'évent comprend au moins une ouverture (18) traversant l'enveloppe (6) au niveau de la première surface (10) du panneau jusqu'à la région interfaciale (13) entre le matériau isolant thermique microporeux (7) et l'enveloppe (6) au niveau de la première surface (10) du panneau.
  15. Panneau isolant thermique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une pluralité de moyens d'évent (12, 16, 18) est prévue.
  16. Panneau isolant thermique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe (6) est constituée d'un matériau de verre tissé.
EP19950303816 1994-06-08 1995-06-05 Panneau isolant thermique Expired - Lifetime EP0686732B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9411446 1994-06-08
GB9411446A GB2290369B (en) 1994-06-08 1994-06-08 Thermal insulating panel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0686732A1 EP0686732A1 (fr) 1995-12-13
EP0686732B1 true EP0686732B1 (fr) 1997-09-03

Family

ID=10756372

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19950303816 Expired - Lifetime EP0686732B1 (fr) 1994-06-08 1995-06-05 Panneau isolant thermique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0686732B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3682660B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE69500644T2 (fr)
GB (1) GB2290369B (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001081816A1 (fr) * 2000-04-22 2001-11-01 Illbruck Gmbh Element d'isolation
FR2844385B1 (fr) * 2002-09-11 2004-11-26 Pellenc Sa Procede et dispositif d'inhibition du gonflement des enrobages radioactifs bitumeux confines en conteneurs
GB2523781B (en) * 2014-03-05 2019-12-11 Vent Axia Group Ltd Insulation components for insulating ventilation ducting
GB2523783B (en) * 2014-03-05 2020-07-29 Vent Axia Group Ltd Insulation components for insulating ventilation ducting
GB201414512D0 (en) * 2014-08-15 2014-10-01 Clews Susan And Clews Daniel Insulation module

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1247674A (en) 1967-11-11 1971-09-29 Micropore Insulation Ltd Improvements in insulating materials
GB1262630A (en) * 1969-01-22 1972-02-02 Accessair Sa Cavity wall element
GB1350661A (en) * 1970-06-10 1974-04-18 Micropore International Ltd Thermal insulating materials
GB1501085A (en) * 1974-02-07 1978-02-15 Unitex Ltd Foam sandwich constructions
DE3409424A1 (de) * 1984-03-15 1985-09-26 Ulrich 3550 Marburg Thiele Daemmplatte aus hartschaum-kunststoff
US4784891A (en) * 1988-02-03 1988-11-15 Shickel Robert J Insulation
DE8803533U1 (de) * 1988-03-16 1988-05-05 Sigri GmbH, 8901 Meitingen Wärmedämmplatte

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2290369B (en) 1997-08-06
GB2290369A (en) 1995-12-20
DE69500644T2 (de) 1998-02-12
EP0686732A1 (fr) 1995-12-13
JP3682660B2 (ja) 2005-08-10
JPH084980A (ja) 1996-01-12
DE69500644D1 (de) 1997-10-09
GB9411446D0 (en) 1994-07-27

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