EP0685298B2 - Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer des lentilles asphériques - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer des lentilles asphériques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0685298B2
EP0685298B2 EP94117272A EP94117272A EP0685298B2 EP 0685298 B2 EP0685298 B2 EP 0685298B2 EP 94117272 A EP94117272 A EP 94117272A EP 94117272 A EP94117272 A EP 94117272A EP 0685298 B2 EP0685298 B2 EP 0685298B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
axis
feeding
tool
workpiece
cup
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP94117272A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0685298A1 (fr
EP0685298B1 (fr
Inventor
Gunter Dipl.-Ing. Schneider
Helwig Dipl.-Ing. Buchenauer
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Schneider GmbH and Co KG
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Schneider GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for making aspherical lens surfaces.
  • Another manufacturing process for spherical lenses processes the mostly preformed glass compacts with a diamond cup wheel Ball loops.
  • the feed takes place either with the Tool spindle or with the workpiece spindle to which the diamond cup wheel at a defined angle stands.
  • the radius of the sphere on the lens is determined by this Setting angle determined so that within certain Limit different spherical shapes with one and the same Tool can be produced. His sanding surface but changes due to wear during the grinding process the shape by adapting to itself changing spherical radii. If with the same pot tool changing ball radii can be machined should therefore be the grinding diameter to be generated not to be determined in advance.
  • optical lenses with aspherical surfaces a number of advantages. So is the mapping performance significantly increased compared to spherical lenses. Image errors are better corrected, and in optical ones Systems can be achieved through the use of aspherical lenses the number of lenses can be reduced. These advantages left have so far only been used to a very limited extent.
  • DE-A-2 441 976 describes a suction cup for lens blanks that have an aspherical Should get surface.
  • the one sunk in the middle Negative contour is on top of one rigid glass blocks. This is centric pierced and clamped on a plate chuck, the rotatable via a hollow shaft with pump connection is driven.
  • the sucked blank can after Machining its top turned and on one similarly shaped second glass block on its bottom to be edited.
  • the process uses thin, bendable blanks ahead and exhibits the above Disadvantages.
  • EP-A2-0 453 094 describes a method and a Device for grinding toric lenses.
  • On rotating diamond pot tool is selected with one Head angle in a swivel motion a linearly fed lens blank, wherein the swivel radius of the tool during a Swivel movement can be changed.
  • the pot tool is on a swiveling cross slide arranged on a horizontal Axis pivotable and in and out in the radial direction extendable base slide is mounted.
  • Around the corner of your head and thus along the vertical curvature of the lens of the changing circular path hold the tool with the help of the cross slide readjusted according to its position.
  • DE-A1-33 19 719 discloses a machine for machining curved workpiece surfaces, especially concave or convex rug areas, as well as non-spherical rotating body surfaces of workpieces material suitable for the planned use exist, by means of one material-lifting tool.
  • one Machine frame is a first turning tool support arranged, the turning tool being a cup-shaped grinding tool. That with the one to be processed curved surface of the in relation to the Machine frame fixed, rotating drivable work stitch during the editing process bringar is.
  • the spindle of the tool is attached to a second support, the during the machining process using of a system with numerical control about one to the axis of rotation of the tool vertical axis of rotation is based on rotation, the second support from a third Support that is worn during the Machining process according to the numerical control according to the dwarf to each other and to the rotary eight perpendicular Axis is adjustable to this rotating eight of the second support according to vertical coordinates arranged to each other adjust and the curved surface to process the work hours, under simultaneous numerical control in two mutually perpendicular and / or Circular directions.
  • the workpiece is made by a head of one Revolver type rotary supports worn and can be used to make a convex non-spherical surface be rotated around its optical axis.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art the technology, the inexpensive manufacture of aspherical lenses significantly improve and accelerate. Furthermore, the processing time should be short high precision can be achieved without the need for post-processing. An important goal is to assess the impact of tool wear on the To minimize lens shape as far as possible.
  • This simple and compact, modular structure of a grinding machine according to claim 1 is clear, very precisely controllable and economical, especially since conventional linear drives are used can find.
  • the integrated measuring and correction system ensures that precise and rational production of both extremely precise aspherical lens surfaces as well as so-called free-form surfaces, even in small series or Individual production.
  • the main advantages of the invention are that contour-accurate, rotationally symmetrical lens surfaces independent of the central one Planning ahead and making bills with potting tools can be different Can have diamond grit, but do not require dressing which would affect the lens geometry. That by means of the feed axes to the The pan tool brought up to the workpiece comes due to its preselected inclination only with the corresponding pre-selected location on the workpiece to the system, i.e. the peripheral edge of the pot tool only touches the workpiece in one relatively narrow point of contact.
  • the grinding machine runs the rotating driven Workpiece holder opposite to the pot tool around; it is equipped with a further feed drive along a vertical axis moved into a machining position, the workpiece spindle of the workpiece holder can be converted into a controlled rotary axis by switching axes.
  • the lead angle can always be in point contact Change the adjoining pot tool before starting the machining in such a way that a special desired grinding area diameter is set on the pot tool, at which the point of contact of the peripheral part always behind the piercing point of the Outer axis line is.
  • the grinding machine DE-A1-33 19 719 is missing an additional rotary actuator for one with respect to the workpiece holder coaxial axis, in particular in close proximity to the second Feed drive. Likewise there is a switchover device for the transition the holder operation from pure rotary motion to controlled rotary axis operation and vice versa not provided according to this prior art.
  • the device according to claim 2 is designed so that the pot tool arranged at a fixed distance from the transverse axis and by means of a linear feed drive is pivotable. According to claim 3, this can be parallel to the feed direction of the first drive, which offers structural advantages, e.g. a simplified Frame and slide design.
  • an in EP-A2-0 304 106 outlined method of a flat control surface, with selectable Axis offset is tangent to the rotating workpiece and together with a Tool is pivotable on a circular path about a common axis of rotation.
  • the extent of the axis offset determines the asphericity during machining, that happens in the dewatered state of the lens blank on a lathe. It however, every setting must be specified and not during the cutting process changeable so that precise individual adjustments are not possible.
  • a workpiece W is shown, which is in shape of a lens blank L from a pot tool T with inclined axis A along a machining contour K is processed.
  • a peripheral part U sits on the edge of the Workpiece W and touches it at point P, the Outer axis line A 'a constant lead angle ⁇ to the tangent F includes.
  • the workpiece W is rotating driven and runs counter to the pot tool um, from the edge of the workpiece W over the middle of which is led out.
  • the lead angle remains ⁇ , which is also between the outer axis line A ' and the normal N to the tangent F is recognizable (Fig. 1), the same throughout.
  • the point of contact P is always behind Piercing point of the outer axis line A ', and the contact line or - annular surface of the peripheral part U guaranteed an even and gentle Material removal.
  • the effective diameter D of the peripheral part U can tilt the pan tool T and the lead angle ⁇ for the respective Grinding or polishing task can be optimally set.
  • a preprocessing with a spherical surface O to be carried out with an adjustment angle (Fig. 2) a constant inclination of the pot tool T to Axis Z of the value spindle S is specified.
  • the structural design is illustrated in Fig. 3.
  • the CNC machine tool labeled 10 in total has a frame 12 with a table 14, on which a horizontal frame 16 is arranged. Thereon a carriage 18 with a housing 20 is displaceable arranged. With the housing 20 is a head 22 connected, which contains a reversing gear 24 and a rotatably driven tool spindle V holds.
  • a carriage 28 is on a vertical frame 26 a rotary drive 30 for a rotary spindle S, which carries a holder H for the workpiece W.
  • the carriage 18 is by means of a second feed drive I movable in the direction of an axis X.
  • a first feed drive II is provided for the carriage 28, which is a movement in the direction of an axis Z allows.
  • the head 22 is about a transverse axis B. swiveling, for which a third feed drive III is used, which is arranged parallel to the X axis.
  • a further feed drive IV available, which in relation is centered on the axis Z and after Switchover from the rotary drive of the workpiece spindle S their control by means of an additional rotary axis C enables.
  • FIG. 4 A general flow chart of the workflow can be seen from Fig. 4. First you choose the Processing type depending on whether an aspherical or spherical machining contour K (Fig. 1) specified becomes. Then the geometry type is selected, the can be convex, concave or flat. The associated Geometry parameters such as radius of curvature, outer diameter, Center thickness of the lens etc. and the tool or processing parameters as more effective Diameter of the peripheral part U, its lip radius, Lead angle b, feed speed and speed of the pot tool are then entered. This becomes the in the control unit Tool path calculated, whereupon the machining of the Lens is made along the machining contour K. in the Connection to this step of grinding and / or polishing, the surface O is scanned, what is used to obtain correction data, to correct the tool path for a Subsequent processing can be used.
  • Geometry parameters such as radius of curvature, outer diameter, Center thickness of the lens etc. and the tool or processing parameters as more effective Diameter of the peripheral part U, its lip radius, Lead angle
  • the basic structure of a suitable device is shown schematically in Fig. 5.
  • the CNC machine tool 10 has a control panel 40, preferably with Screen, and an input / output part 50 which can be designed as a keyboard. Both units stand in connection with a microprocessor computer R, the measuring systems M1 to M4 are assigned. The latter are connected to a control unit E, which the feed drives I to III directly influenced.
  • On Switching device or switch 60 is used, optionally only the rotary drive 30 for the workpiece spindle S or the fourth feed drive IV for the axis C to control.
  • the machine 10 has a modular structure and with (not shown) highly dynamic Servomotors. Interpolators, not shown ensure that the tool guide after Specification of the machining contour K in very fine steps - i.e. quasi-continuously - can be controlled and thus the manufacture of usable aspherical surfaces guaranteed. This can be compensatory movements are taken into account as well as possible Polishing allowances provided for an extremely aspherical contour can be a non-linear material removal to compensate.
  • the additional C-axis for the workpiece spindle S also allows free-form surface processing following basically the same procedure. Also here is a servo drive and a rotation measuring system provided for the controlled rotary axis, so that after Axis switching may require off-center surface machining can be executed. Are these not required, the switch 60 goes to clean Rotary drive 30 for the workpiece spindle S over.
  • a CNC machine tool with a rotating pot tool T for grinding and / or polishing a workpiece W in a bracket H is used.
  • the pot tool T is specified along a control unit E. Machining contour K performed such that between the longitudinal axis A of the pot tool T and the tangent F in its contact point P on the workpiece W an optional lead angle ⁇ of e.g. 0 ° kept constant becomes.
  • Each axis X, Z, B, C is a measuring system M1, M2, M3, M4 assigned, their measured values as well Sampling values of the processed surface in the control unit E feedable and in a microprocessor computer R by comparing the actual surface profile with the machining contour K for recalculating the Tool path can be evaluated.
  • the surface of the Lentil blank L can be pre-machined to a spherical shape, that of the given machining contour K is largely approximated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Dispositif pour fabriquer des surfaces asphériques sur des lentilles brutes (L), notamment de verre, consistant en une machine outil CNC avec une unité de commande (E), avec un outil boisseau (T) pouvant être avancé, entraíné rotativement autour d'un axe (A) et servant à meuler et/ou à polir la lentille brute (L), et avec une fixation (H) servant à recevoir la lentille brute (L) et pouvant être déplacée, au moyen d'un premier entraínement d'avance (II), le long d'un premier axe d'avance (Z) en une position de façonnage, l'outil boisseau (T) pouvant être pivoté autour d'un axe de pivotement (B) perpendiculaire au premier axe d'avance (Z) et pouvant être avancé linéairement le long d'un second axe d'avance (X) perpendiculaire à l'axe de pivotement (B) ainsi qu'au premier axe d'avance, chaque axe (X, Z, B) étant associé à un système de mesure (M1, M2, M3, M4) dont les valeurs mesurées peuvent être entrées dans l'unité de commande (E) en commun avec des valeurs détectées sur la face usinée, ces valeurs pouvant être exploitées dans un ordinateur à microprocesseur (R) par comparaison des tracés réels de la surface avec le contour de façonnage (K) pour corriger la trajectoire de l'outil boisseau (T) ce qui peut être avancé vers la fixation (H) tournant autour du premier axe d'avance (Z) au moyen d'un entraínement rotatif (30) avec un point de contact (P) choisi à l'aide d'un angle de dérivation (β) et qui peut être guidé, au moyen de l'unité de commande (E) par des commandes interpolées des axes d'avance (X, Z) et de l'axe de pivotement (B), depuis le bord de la pièce a façonner (W) jusqu'à son centre et au-delà de celui-ci le long du contour de façonnage (K) et en contact sur le point (P) à la lentille brute (L), la fixation (H) de la pièce à façonner (W) tournant, quand l'entraínement rotatif (30) est rendu actif, en sens inverse de l'outil boisseau (T) et étant avanceable au moyen du premier entraínement d'avance (II) le long du premier axe d'avance (Z) en une position de façonnage, un module d'entraínement supplémentaire étant prévu, notamment à proximité du premier entraínement d'avance (II), pour la rotation de la fixation (H) de la pièce à façonner (W) autour d'un axe additionnel (C) coaxial au premier axe d'avance (Z) vertical, et un dispositif de manoeuvre (60) étant prévu pour faire passer le service de la fixation (H), effectué au moyen du premier entraínement rotatif (30), d'un simple mouvement de rotation en un service d'axe rond commandé et vice-versa.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'outil boisseau (T) est disposé à une distance fixe de l'axe transversal (B) et qu'il est pivotable au moyen d'un troisième entraínement d'avance (III) linéaire.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le troisième entraínement d'avance (III) linéaire est disposé parallèlement à la direction d'avance du second entraínement (I).
  4. Usage du dispositif selon l'un des revendications 1 à 3 pour fabriquer des surfaces asphériques sur des lentilles brutes (L) en les meulant et/ou polirant avec un outil boisseau (T) étant en contact de point (P) sous un angle de dérivation (β) le long du contour de façonnage (K), l'outil boisseau (T) étant guidé le long du contour de façonnage (K) déterminé par l'unité de commande (E) de manière que l'angle de dérivation (angle de tête β) entre l'axe longitudinal (A) de l'outil boisseau (T) et la tangente (F) au point de contact (P) sur la pièce à façonner (W) soit constant, avec les caractéristiques suivantes:
    (a) l'outil boisseau (T) entraíné rotativement par un entraínement rotatif est approché, avec un point de contact (P) choisi à l'aide de l'angle de dérivation (β), vers la pièce à façonner (W) tournant autour du premier axe d'avance (Z),
    (b) l'outil boisseau (T) est guidé, au moyen de l'unité de commance (E), par des commandes interpolées des axes d'avance (X, Z) et de l'axe de pivotement (B), le long du contour de façonnage (K) depuis le bord de la pièce à façonner (W) jusqu'au centre de celle-ci et au-delà,
    (c) pendant ou après le façonnage de la pièce (W), on obtient des valeurs de sa surface qui sont introduites à l'unité de commande (E) pour adapter ensuite la trajectoire de l'outil boisseau (T).
EP94117272A 1994-04-12 1994-11-02 Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer des lentilles asphériques Expired - Lifetime EP0685298B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4412370 1994-04-12
DE4412370A DE4412370A1 (de) 1994-04-12 1994-04-12 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen asphärischer Linsenoberflächen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0685298A1 EP0685298A1 (fr) 1995-12-06
EP0685298B1 EP0685298B1 (fr) 1997-08-20
EP0685298B2 true EP0685298B2 (fr) 2002-08-07

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ID=6515074

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EP94117272A Expired - Lifetime EP0685298B2 (fr) 1994-04-12 1994-11-02 Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer des lentilles asphériques

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EP (1) EP0685298B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE157038T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4412370A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2107101T3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004047563A1 (de) * 2004-09-30 2006-04-06 Asphericon Gmbh Verfahren zum Polieren
TWI410765B (zh) * 2007-11-16 2013-10-01 Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd 直軸非球面鏡面加工系統及方法

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FR2736292A1 (fr) * 1995-07-04 1997-01-10 Wernicke & Co Gmbh Procede de polissage ainsi que, le cas echeant de percage, decoupage et soudage de verres a lunettes
DE19543184A1 (de) * 1995-09-18 1997-03-20 Opto Phot Lichttechnik Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Polieren von kegelförmigen Werkstückoberflächen
DE19616526A1 (de) * 1996-04-25 1997-11-06 Rainer Jung Maschine zur materialabtragenden Bearbeitung optischer Werkstoffe für die Herstellung von Optikteilen
EP1024925A1 (fr) * 1997-10-24 2000-08-09 Precitech Inc. Appareil de polissage servant a former des surfaces aspheriques
DE19751750B4 (de) * 1997-11-21 2007-08-02 Schneider Gmbh + Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von polierbaren, optischen Linsen aus Linsenrohlingen
DE19756960B4 (de) * 1997-12-20 2011-06-09 Asphericon Gmbh Verfahren zum Bearbeiten von rotationssymmetrischen Funktionsflächen
US6558586B1 (en) * 2000-03-06 2003-05-06 Essilor International (Compagnie Generale D'optique) Process for fabricating a surface of an ophthalmic lens, installation for implementing the process and ophthalmic lens obtained by the process
US6602110B2 (en) 2001-06-28 2003-08-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Automated polishing apparatus and method of polishing
JP4336092B2 (ja) 2002-10-21 2009-09-30 西部電機株式会社 磨きユニット付きｎｃ加工機
DE10310561B4 (de) * 2003-03-11 2007-04-26 Optotech Optikmaschinen Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Fertigung von Brillengläsern und anderen Formkörpern mit optisch aktiven Oberflächen
DE102004028544B4 (de) * 2004-01-17 2012-01-12 Asphericon Gmbh Verfahren zur Bearbeitung und Vermessung von rotationssymmetrischen Werkstücken sowie Schleif- und Polierwerkzeug
DE102004019931B4 (de) * 2004-04-21 2012-01-05 Schneider Gmbh & Co. Kg Korrekturverfahren für Zerspanungsmaschinen
FR2902683B1 (fr) * 2006-06-22 2008-10-10 Essilor Int Procede et machine d'usinage pour objet optique.
DE102007050482B4 (de) * 2007-10-19 2017-08-24 Thielenhaus Technologies Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Finishbearbeitung
CN102049717A (zh) * 2010-07-19 2011-05-11 长春理工大学 一种数控成形高次非球面控制方法及硬件系统
CN103192305A (zh) * 2013-03-19 2013-07-10 西安交通大学苏州研究院 一种非球面光学元件的点接触抛光装置及方法
DE102014206424A1 (de) 2014-04-03 2015-10-08 Carl Zeiss Vision International Gmbh Polierwerkzeug sowie Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur formfehleroptimierten Polierbearbeitung von Brillenlinsenoberflächen und Gießformschalen zur Brillenlinsenherstellung
CN105196274A (zh) * 2015-09-16 2015-12-30 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 大型天文望远镜拼接镜面子镜的装卸装置
CN107139345B (zh) * 2017-06-08 2019-02-26 天津大学 脆性材料复杂曲面超精密车削成型方法
JP6592060B2 (ja) 2017-11-01 2019-10-16 ファナック株式会社 工作機械および塑性加工方法
TWI681845B (zh) * 2018-11-15 2020-01-11 財團法人工業技術研究院 拋磨控制方法及系統
EP4063046A1 (fr) * 2021-03-23 2022-09-28 Licardor GmbH Procédé et dispositif de tournage de pièces
CN114460900B (zh) * 2021-12-24 2023-02-10 泉州华中科技大学智能制造研究院 一种异形曲面玻璃轮廓的加工方法及装置

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004047563A1 (de) * 2004-09-30 2006-04-06 Asphericon Gmbh Verfahren zum Polieren
US7854645B2 (en) 2004-09-30 2010-12-21 Asphericon Gmbh Method for polishing
TWI410765B (zh) * 2007-11-16 2013-10-01 Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd 直軸非球面鏡面加工系統及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4412370A1 (de) 1995-10-19
ES2107101T3 (es) 1997-11-16
EP0685298A1 (fr) 1995-12-06
EP0685298B1 (fr) 1997-08-20
ATE157038T1 (de) 1997-09-15
DE59403792D1 (de) 1997-09-25

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