EP0684622B1 - Circuit breaker with reduced self compression - Google Patents

Circuit breaker with reduced self compression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0684622B1
EP0684622B1 EP95401121A EP95401121A EP0684622B1 EP 0684622 B1 EP0684622 B1 EP 0684622B1 EP 95401121 A EP95401121 A EP 95401121A EP 95401121 A EP95401121 A EP 95401121A EP 0684622 B1 EP0684622 B1 EP 0684622B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
distance
tube
circuit
piston
compression chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95401121A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0684622A1 (en
Inventor
Denis Dufournet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grid Solutions SAS
Original Assignee
GEC Alsthom T&D SA
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Publication of EP0684622A1 publication Critical patent/EP0684622A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H2033/906—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism with pressure limitation in the compression volume, e.g. by valves or bleeder openings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H2033/908—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism using valves for regulating communication between, e.g. arc space, hot volume, compression volume, surrounding volume
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/60—Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/905—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the compression volume being formed by a movable cylinder and a semi-mobile piston

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a circuit breaker with booster autocompression especially for high voltage.
  • a circuit breaker of the type self-blowing including a filled insulating jacket pressurized dielectric gas, two arcing contacts cooperating with each other, at least one of which is part of a movable contact assembly integral with a maneuver and adapted to be moved axially in the envelope between a closed position and a position opening, the mobile contact assembly being constituted by a first tube carrying the arcing contact at its end mobile and a second tube coaxial to the first tube for delimit, on either side of a crown connecting the first and second tubes, a volume expansion chamber constant closed by a blowing nozzle and a compression communicating with the expansion chamber and closed by a piston, first means of setting gas compression in the compression chamber during a first part of the displacement of the contact assembly movable between closed position and position opening and second gas decompression means in the compression chamber for a second part of this same displacement of the movable contact assembly being planned.
  • the piston is semi-mobile and means are provided for immobilizing the piston during a first part of the displacement of the contact assembly movable between closed position and position opening and means for axially moving the piston with the moving contact assembly for a second part of this same movement of the movable contact assembly.
  • the means for axially moving the piston consists of a drive member integral with the contact assembly mobile which causes a stop integral with the piston during the second part of the displacement of the contact assembly mobile, this stop being arranged on the path of the member training.
  • the piston is connected to a third tube provided with at least one light in which a finger integral with the first tube and which extends radially relative to it towards the second tube.
  • the way to immobilize the piston is constituted a spring disposed between the drive member and the piston and by a fixed retainer cooperating with the piston.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker with low operating energy and therefore inexpensive, the blowing of weak currents is done by autocompression and blowing strong currents by thermal expansion.
  • the first means include the fixed piston cooperating with the first tube on a certain stroke x and the second means include a means of evacuating the gas contained in the compression chamber out of it acting once the race x finished.
  • the course x is equal to the course of the movable arcing contact on the fixed arcing contact before their separation.
  • the first tube is closed frontally by a wall arranged at a certain distance d1 from the crown on the side opposite the arcing contacts.
  • the second means comprise at least a light made in the first tube, arranged on the side crown opposite to arcing contacts, length greater than the thickness of the piston and with the most distant from the crown is at a distance d from the crown, the distance d being less than or equal to the distance d1 and the side opposite the movable arcing contact of the piston being distant by a length equal to d + x from the crown in closed position.
  • the edge of the light closest to the crown is at a distance d2 from the upper piston or equal to the total travel of the movable arcing contact, when the circuit breaker is in the closed position.
  • the light is adjacent to said wall, the distance d being equal to the distance d1.
  • a sliding annular stop is arranged inside the compression chamber, the stop coming into abutment against the crown after the race x thanks to a damping spring arranged between this stop and the piston.
  • the light may consist of a set of orifices made in the first tube.
  • the gas contained in the compression is vented out of it inside of the envelope, once the race x is finished and to do this, advantageously, the piston is carried by a fixed tube coaxial with said first and second tubes and pierced with at least a gas discharge orifice, located near its end opposite to said contacts.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the closed position.
  • Figures 2 and 3 are sectional views longitudinal of a circuit breaker according to the invention in intermediate positions between the closed position and the open position.
  • Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the open position.
  • Figures 5 to 7 are views in longitudinal section of a circuit breaker according to the invention in positions of closing, intermediate and opening, according to a variant of achievement.
  • the circuit breaker shown in the figures includes, conventionally, an insulating jacket 1 filled with a gas dielectric under pressure, two arcing contacts 3A, 7A cooperating with each other, at least one of which is part of a movable contact assembly integral with a operation 6 and adapted to be moved axially in envelope 1 between a closed position and a open position, the movable contact assembly being constituted by a first tube 7 carrying at its end the movable arcing contact 7A and a second tube 8 coaxial with first tube 7 to delimit, on either side of a ring 9 connecting the first and second tubes, a expansion chamber 17 at constant volume closed by a nozzle blowing 10 and a compression chamber 18 communicating via a one-way valve 2 with the expansion chamber and closed by a piston 11.
  • the circuit breaker may also have a permanent contact 14 cooperating with the end 8A of the second tube 8 forming permanent mobile contact.
  • the first means are provided of compression of the gas in the compression chamber 18 during a first part of the movement of the assembly of movable contact between the closed position and the open position and second decompression means gas in the compression chamber 18 for one second part of this same displacement of the contact assembly mobile.
  • the first means include the fixed piston 11 cooperating with the first tube 7 over a certain stroke x when moving the mobile assembly and the latter means include means for discharging the contained gas in the compression chamber 18 outside of it acting once the race x has ended.
  • the stroke x is equal to the stroke of the arcing contact movable 7A on the fixed arcing contact 3A before their separation.
  • the first tube 7 is closed frontally by a wall 5 arranged at a certain distance d1 from the crown 9 on the side thereof opposite the arcing contacts.
  • the second means include at least one light made in the first tube 7, disposed on the side of the ring 9 opposite to the arcing contacts, of greater length at the thickness of the piston 11 and the edge of which is furthest from crown 9 is at a distance d from crown 9, the distance d being equal to the distance dl, but being able to be possibly lower, and the face opposite to the contact movable arc 7A of the piston 11 being spaced a length equal to d + x of the crown 9 in the closed position.
  • the edge of light 4 closest to the crown 9 is at a distance d2 from piston 11 greater than or equal to the total travel of the movable arcing contact 7A, when the circuit breaker is in the closed position.
  • Light 4 can be made up of a set orifices made in the first tube 7. These orifices can be aligned on a generator of tube 7 and / or arranged according to different generators. In that case, the edges specified above are the extreme edges of the set of orifices.
  • the piston 11 is carried by a fixed tube 21 for example integral with the socket 20 and coaxial to said first and second tubes 7, 8 and pierced with at least one gas discharge orifice 22, located near its opposite end to said contacts 3A, 7A.
  • the mobile contact assembly driven by the operating member 6 moves towards the right (as shown in Figure 1) and the fixed piston 11 and the tube 7 moves relatively over a stroke x as shown in figure 2.
  • the gas is then compressed in the compression chamber 18 and pushes the valve 2 in the open position. Gas is therefore also compressed in the expansion chamber 17. Given the light 4, it is also compressed in volume 19 to inside the first tube 7, this volume 19 then being closed by the wall 5 and by the fixed contact 3A cooperating with movable contact 7A.
  • the movement of the mobile assembly continues for reach the open position shown in the figure 4 and the blowing extends between the contacts 3A and 7A as the gas continues to drain behind the piston 11.
  • the distance d2 being greater than or equal to the stroke total of the movable arcing contact, at the end of opening, the compression chamber 18 is always in communication with the volume 19 and the gas of this chamber 18 can always be evacuated.
  • a sliding annular stop 13 is disposed inside the compression chamber 18, the abutment abutting crown 9 after stroke x thanks to a damping spring 12 disposed between this stop 13 and piston 11 and fixed by its ends to these two pieces.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

The circuit breaker includes an insulating envelope 91), filled with a dielectric gas, and housing two arc contacts (3A,7A) attached to a mobile contact operated by an actuator (6). The mobile contact is placed axially inside the envelope and includes a tube (7), terminated with one of the arc contacts (7A). A second tube (8) is coaxial to the first one and attached to a crown (9) which links the two tubes. An expansion chamber (17) closed by a nozzle (10) communicates with a compression chamber via a one-way value. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à un disjoncteur à autocompression d'appoint en particulier pour haute tension.The present invention relates to a circuit breaker with booster autocompression especially for high voltage.

Elle concerne plus précisément un disjoncteur du type à auto-soufflage, comprenant une enveloppe isolante remplie d'un gaz diélectrique sous pression, deux contacts d'arc coopérant entre eux, l'un au moins faisant partie d'un ensemble de contact mobile solidaire d'un organe de manoeuvre et adapté pour être déplacé axialement dans l'enveloppe entre une position de fermeture et une position d'ouverture, l'ensemble de contact mobile étant constitué par un premier tube portant à son extrémité le contact d'arc mobile et un second tube coaxial au premier tube pour délimiter, de part et d'autre d'une couronne reliant le premier et le second tubes, une chambre d'expansion à volume constant fermée par une buse de soufflage et une chambre de compression communiquant avec la chambre d'expansion et fermée par un piston, des premiers moyens de mise en compression du gaz dans la chambre de compression pendant une première partie du déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile entre la position de fermeture et la position d'ouverture et des seconds moyens de décompression du gaz dans la chambre de compression pendant une seconde partie de ce même déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile étant prévus.It relates more precisely to a circuit breaker of the type self-blowing, including a filled insulating jacket pressurized dielectric gas, two arcing contacts cooperating with each other, at least one of which is part of a movable contact assembly integral with a maneuver and adapted to be moved axially in the envelope between a closed position and a position opening, the mobile contact assembly being constituted by a first tube carrying the arcing contact at its end mobile and a second tube coaxial to the first tube for delimit, on either side of a crown connecting the first and second tubes, a volume expansion chamber constant closed by a blowing nozzle and a compression communicating with the expansion chamber and closed by a piston, first means of setting gas compression in the compression chamber during a first part of the displacement of the contact assembly movable between closed position and position opening and second gas decompression means in the compression chamber for a second part of this same displacement of the movable contact assembly being planned.

Un tel disjoncteur est décrit dans la demande de brevet EP-O 591 039 déposée par la Déposante.Such a circuit breaker is described in the request for Patent EP-O 591 039 filed by the Applicant.

Selon ce document antérieur, le piston est semi-mobile et il est prévu un moyen pour immobiliser le piston pendant une première partie du déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile entre la position de fermeture et la position d'ouverture et un moyen pour déplacer axialement le piston avec l'ensemble de contact mobile pendant une seconde partie de ce même déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile. Le moyen pour déplacer axialement le piston est constitué par un organe d'entraínement solidaire de l'ensemble de contact mobile qui entraíne une butée solidaire du piston pendant la seconde partie du déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile, cette butée étant disposée sur le trajet de l'organe d'entraínement. Le piston est relié à un troisième tube pourvu d'au moins une lumière dans laquelle coulisse un doigt solidaire du premier tube et qui s'étend radialement par rapport à celui-ci en direction du second tube. Le moyen pour immobiliser le piston est constitué un ressort disposé entre l'organe d'entraínement et le piston et par un organe de retenue fixe coopérant avec le piston.According to this prior document, the piston is semi-mobile and means are provided for immobilizing the piston during a first part of the displacement of the contact assembly movable between closed position and position opening and means for axially moving the piston with the moving contact assembly for a second part of this same movement of the movable contact assembly. The means for axially moving the piston consists of a drive member integral with the contact assembly mobile which causes a stop integral with the piston during the second part of the displacement of the contact assembly mobile, this stop being arranged on the path of the member training. The piston is connected to a third tube provided with at least one light in which a finger integral with the first tube and which extends radially relative to it towards the second tube. The way to immobilize the piston is constituted a spring disposed between the drive member and the piston and by a fixed retainer cooperating with the piston.

Dans le cas de faibles courants à couper, l'extinction de l'arc se produisant entre les contacts d'arc pendant une opération d'ouverture, se fait à l'aide d'une compression du gaz dans la chambre de compression. Or l'extinction de l'arc obtenue par un flux de gaz provenant de la chambre de compression s'opère avant la fin du déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile. Par conséquent, il n'est pas nécessaire de comprimer le gaz dans la chambre de compression pendant tout le déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile. A partir de l'instant où le piston se déplace avec l'ensemble de contact mobile, la quantité d'énergie nécessaire pour manoeuvrer l'ensemble de contact mobile est très réduite du fait qu'il n'y a plus de compression de gaz.In the case of low currents to be cut, the extinction of arcing occurring between arcing contacts during a opening operation, is done using compression of the gas in the compression chamber. Or the extinction of the arc obtained by a gas flow coming from the chamber compression takes place before the displacement of the mobile contact assembly. Therefore, it is not necessary to compress the gas in the compression during the entire displacement of the entire mobile contact. From the moment the piston is moves with the moving contact assembly, the quantity of energy required to operate the contact assembly mobile is very small due to the fact that there are no more gas compression.

Cependant, dans cet agencement connu, le ressort sollicitant le piston semi-mobile provoque un effort permanent sur la bielle de commande et entraíne une augmentation de l'énergie de manoeuvre nécessaire.However, in this known arrangement, the spring stressing the semi-mobile piston causes a force permanent on the control rod and causes a increase in the operating energy required.

Le but de l'invention est de réaliser un disjoncteur à faible énergie de manoeuvre et donc peu coûteux dont le soufflage des faibles courants se fait par autocompression et le soufflage des courants forts par expansion thermique.The object of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker with low operating energy and therefore inexpensive, the blowing of weak currents is done by autocompression and blowing strong currents by thermal expansion.

Pour ce faire, conformément à l'invention, les premiers moyens comprennent le piston fixe coopérant avec le premier tube sur une certaine course x et les seconds moyens comprennent un moyen d'évacuation du gaz contenu dans la chambre de compression hors de celle-ci agissant une fois la course x terminée.To do this, in accordance with the invention, the first means include the fixed piston cooperating with the first tube on a certain stroke x and the second means include a means of evacuating the gas contained in the compression chamber out of it acting once the race x finished.

Avantageusement, la course x est égale à la course du contact d'arc mobile sur le contact d'arc fixe avant leur séparation.Advantageously, the course x is equal to the course of the movable arcing contact on the fixed arcing contact before their separation.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le premier tube est fermé frontalement par une paroi disposée à une certaine distance d1 de la couronne du côté de celle-ci opposé aux contacts d'arc.According to a preferred embodiment, the first tube is closed frontally by a wall arranged at a certain distance d1 from the crown on the side opposite the arcing contacts.

De préférence, les seconds moyens comprennent au moins une lumière réalisée dans le premier tube, disposé du côté de la couronne opposé aux contacts d'arc, de longueur supérieure à l'épaisseur du piston et dont le bord le plus éloigné de la couronne est à une distance d de la couronne, la distance d étant inférieure ou égale à la distance d1 et la face opposée au contact d'arc mobile du piston étant distante d'une longueur égale à d+x de la couronne en position de fermeture.Preferably, the second means comprise at least a light made in the first tube, arranged on the side crown opposite to arcing contacts, length greater than the thickness of the piston and with the most distant from the crown is at a distance d from the crown, the distance d being less than or equal to the distance d1 and the side opposite the movable arcing contact of the piston being distant by a length equal to d + x from the crown in closed position.

Par ailleurs, le bord de la lumière le plus proche de la couronne est à une distance d2 du piston supérieure ou égale à la course totale du contact d'arc mobile, lorsque le disjoncteur est en position de fermeture.By the way, the edge of the light closest to the crown is at a distance d2 from the upper piston or equal to the total travel of the movable arcing contact, when the circuit breaker is in the closed position.

Dans ce cas, avantageusement, la lumière est adjacente à ladite paroi, la distance d étant égale à la distance d1.In this case, advantageously, the light is adjacent to said wall, the distance d being equal to the distance d1.

Eventuellement, une butée annulaire coulissante est disposée à l'intérieur de la chambre de compression, la butée venant en butée contre la couronne après la course x grâce à un ressort d'amortissement disposé entre cette butée et le piston.Optionally, a sliding annular stop is arranged inside the compression chamber, the stop coming into abutment against the crown after the race x thanks to a damping spring arranged between this stop and the piston.

Eventuellement, la lumière peut être constituée d'un ensemble d'orifices réalisés dans le premier tube.Optionally, the light may consist of a set of orifices made in the first tube.

De préférence, le gaz contenu dans la chambre de compression est évacué hors de celle-ci à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe, une fois la course x terminée et pour ce faire, avantageusement, le piston est porté par un tube fixe coaxial auxdits premier et second tubes et percé d'au moins un orifice d'évacuation du gaz, situé à proximité de son extrémité opposée auxdits contacts.Preferably, the gas contained in the compression is vented out of it inside of the envelope, once the race x is finished and to do this, advantageously, the piston is carried by a fixed tube coaxial with said first and second tubes and pierced with at least a gas discharge orifice, located near its end opposite to said contacts.

L'invention est décrite ci-après plus en détail à l'aide de figures ne représentant qu'un mode de réalisation préféré.The invention is described below in more detail at using figures representing only one embodiment prefer.

La figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un disjoncteur conforme à l'invention en position de fermeture.Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the closed position.

Les figures 2 et 3 sont des vues en coupe longitudinale d'un disjoncteur conforme à l'invention en positions intermédiaires entre la position de fermeture et la position d'ouverture.Figures 2 and 3 are sectional views longitudinal of a circuit breaker according to the invention in intermediate positions between the closed position and the open position.

La figure 4 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un disjoncteur conforme à l'invention en position d'ouverture.Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the open position.

Les figures 5 à 7 sont des vues en coupe longitudinale d'un disjoncteur conforme à l'invention en positions de fermeture, intermédiaire et d'ouverture, selon une variante de réalisation.Figures 5 to 7 are views in longitudinal section of a circuit breaker according to the invention in positions of closing, intermediate and opening, according to a variant of achievement.

Le disjoncteur représenté sur les figures comprend, de façon classique, une enveloppe isolante 1 remplie d'un gaz diélectrique sous pression, deux contacts d'arc 3A ,7A coopérant entre eux, l'un au moins faisant partie d'un ensemble de contact mobile solidaire d'un organe de manoeuvre 6 et adapté pour être déplacé axialement dans l'enveloppe 1 entre une position de fermeture et une position d'ouverture, l'ensemble de contact mobile étant constitué par un premier tube 7 portant à son extrémité le contact d'arc mobile 7A et un second tube 8 coaxial au premier tube 7 pour délimiter, de part et d'autre d'une couronne 9 reliant le premier et le second tubes, une chambre d'expansion 17 à volume constant fermée par une buse de soufflage 10 et une chambre de compression 18 communiquant par l'intermédiaire d'un clapet unidirectionnel 2 avec la chambre d'expansion et fermée par un piston 11. Le disjoncteur peut également comporter un contact permanent 14 coopérant avec l'extrémité 8A du second tube 8 formant contact permanent mobile. The circuit breaker shown in the figures includes, conventionally, an insulating jacket 1 filled with a gas dielectric under pressure, two arcing contacts 3A, 7A cooperating with each other, at least one of which is part of a movable contact assembly integral with a operation 6 and adapted to be moved axially in envelope 1 between a closed position and a open position, the movable contact assembly being constituted by a first tube 7 carrying at its end the movable arcing contact 7A and a second tube 8 coaxial with first tube 7 to delimit, on either side of a ring 9 connecting the first and second tubes, a expansion chamber 17 at constant volume closed by a nozzle blowing 10 and a compression chamber 18 communicating via a one-way valve 2 with the expansion chamber and closed by a piston 11. The circuit breaker may also have a permanent contact 14 cooperating with the end 8A of the second tube 8 forming permanent mobile contact.

Comme antérieurement, sont prévus des premiers moyens de mise en compression du gaz dans la chambre de compression 18 pendant une première partie du déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile entre la position de fermeture et la position d'ouverture et des seconds moyens de décompression du gaz dans la chambre de compression 18 pendant une seconde partie de ce même déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile.As before, the first means are provided of compression of the gas in the compression chamber 18 during a first part of the movement of the assembly of movable contact between the closed position and the open position and second decompression means gas in the compression chamber 18 for one second part of this same displacement of the contact assembly mobile.

Les premiers moyens comprennent le piston 11 fixe coopérant avec le premier tube 7 sur une certaine course x lors du déplacement de l'ensemble mobile et les seconds moyens comprennent un moyen d'évacuation du gaz contenue dans la chambre de compression 18 hors de celle-ci agissant une fois la course x terminée.The first means include the fixed piston 11 cooperating with the first tube 7 over a certain stroke x when moving the mobile assembly and the latter means include means for discharging the contained gas in the compression chamber 18 outside of it acting once the race x has ended.

La course x est égale à la course du contact d'arc mobile 7A sur le contact d'arc fixe 3A avant leur séparation. Le premier tube 7 est fermé frontalement par une paroi 5 disposée à une certaine distance d1 de la couronne 9 du côté de celle-ci opposé aux contacts d'arc.The stroke x is equal to the stroke of the arcing contact movable 7A on the fixed arcing contact 3A before their separation. The first tube 7 is closed frontally by a wall 5 arranged at a certain distance d1 from the crown 9 on the side thereof opposite the arcing contacts.

Les seconds moyens comprennent au moins une lumière réalisée dans le premier tube 7, disposé du côté de la couronne 9 opposé aux contacts d'arc, de longueur supérieure à l'épaisseur du piston 11 et dont le bord le plus éloigné de la couronne 9 est à une distance d de la couronne 9, la distance d étant égale à la distance dl, mais pouvant être éventuellement inférieure, et la face opposée au contact d'arc mobile 7A du piston 11 étant distante d'une longueur égale à d+x de la couronne 9 en position de fermeture. Par ailleurs, le bord de la lumière 4 le plus proche de la couronne 9 est à une distance d2 du piston 11 supérieure ou égale à la course totale du contact d'arc mobile 7A, lorsque le disjoncteur est en position de fermeture.The second means include at least one light made in the first tube 7, disposed on the side of the ring 9 opposite to the arcing contacts, of greater length at the thickness of the piston 11 and the edge of which is furthest from crown 9 is at a distance d from crown 9, the distance d being equal to the distance dl, but being able to be possibly lower, and the face opposite to the contact movable arc 7A of the piston 11 being spaced a length equal to d + x of the crown 9 in the closed position. Through elsewhere, the edge of light 4 closest to the crown 9 is at a distance d2 from piston 11 greater than or equal to the total travel of the movable arcing contact 7A, when the circuit breaker is in the closed position.

La lumière 4 peut être constituée d'un ensemble d'orifices réalisés dans le premier tube 7. Ces orifices peuvent être alignés sur une génératrice du tube 7 et/ou disposés selon des génératrices différentes. Dans ce cas, les bords précisés ci-dessus sont les bords extrêmes de l'ensemble d'orifices.Light 4 can be made up of a set orifices made in the first tube 7. These orifices can be aligned on a generator of tube 7 and / or arranged according to different generators. In that case, the edges specified above are the extreme edges of the set of orifices.

Le piston 11 est porté par un tube fixe 21 par exemple solidaire de la plaque 20 de prise du courant et coaxial auxdits premier et second tubes 7, 8 et percé d'au moins un orifice 22 d'évacuation du gaz, situé à proximité de son extrémité opposée auxdits contacts 3A, 7A.The piston 11 is carried by a fixed tube 21 for example integral with the socket 20 and coaxial to said first and second tubes 7, 8 and pierced with at least one gas discharge orifice 22, located near its opposite end to said contacts 3A, 7A.

Lors de l'ouverture, l'ensemble de contact mobile entraíné par l'organe de manoeuvre 6 se déplace vers la droite (selon la représentation faite sur la figure 1) et le piston fixe 11 et le tube 7 se déplace relativement sur une course x comme visible sur la figure 2. Le gaz est alors comprimé dans la chambre de compression 18 et pousse le clapet 2 en position d'ouverture. Le gaz est donc également comprimé dans la chambre d'expansion 17. Compte-tenu de la lumière 4, il est également comprimé dans le volume 19 à l'intérieur du premier tube 7, ce volume 19 étant alors fermé par la paroi 5 et par le contact fixe 3A coopérant avec le contact mobile 7A.When opening, the mobile contact assembly driven by the operating member 6 moves towards the right (as shown in Figure 1) and the fixed piston 11 and the tube 7 moves relatively over a stroke x as shown in figure 2. The gas is then compressed in the compression chamber 18 and pushes the valve 2 in the open position. Gas is therefore also compressed in the expansion chamber 17. Given the light 4, it is also compressed in volume 19 to inside the first tube 7, this volume 19 then being closed by the wall 5 and by the fixed contact 3A cooperating with movable contact 7A.

Lorsque l'ensemble de contact mobile a réalisé la course x, son mouvement continue et atteint la position représentée sur la figure 3. Le piston 11 chevauche alors la lumière 4 et les contact 3A et 7A se séparent. L'arc se forme donc entre ces contacts. La compression efficace est alors terminée. La chambre de compression 18 et le volume intérieur 19 du premier tube 7 sont ouverts et le gaz comprimé peut s'échapper vers l'arrière du piston 11 et s'évacuer par le ou les orifices 22 à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe 1. Le clapet 2 se ferme. La chambre d'expansion est également ouverte et le gaz comprimé dans cette chambre vient souffler l'arc entre les contacts 3A et 7A. La surpression générée pendant la course x est alors suffisante pour assurer la coupure des courants faibles correspondant à 15 à 20% du pouvoir de coupure. De plus, en cas de forts courants, compte-tenu de l'échauffement provoqué par l'arc, la pression augmente dans la chambre 17 par expansion thermique. Un dimensionnement optimal de la chambre d'expansion 17 permet d'obtenir la coupure des forts courants uniquement par expansion thermique. Il est à noter que cette expansion est sans réaction sur la tringle de manoeuvre 6.When the mobile contact assembly has achieved the stroke x, its movement continues and reaches the position shown in Figure 3. The piston 11 then overlaps the light 4 and contacts 3A and 7A separate. The arc is therefore forms between these contacts. Effective compression is then finished. The compression chamber 18 and the volume inside 19 of the first tube 7 are open and the gas compressed can escape towards the rear of the piston 11 and evacuate through the orifice (s) 22 inside the envelope 1. The valve 2 closes. The expansion chamber is also open and the compressed gas in this chamber blows the arc between the contacts 3A and 7A. The overpressure generated during stroke x is then sufficient to cut off the weak currents corresponding to 15 to 20% of the breaking capacity. In addition, in case of strong currents, taking into account the heating caused by the arc, pressure increases in chamber 17 by expansion thermal. Optimal sizing of the room expansion 17 allows to cut the forts currents only by thermal expansion. Note that this expansion has no reaction on the rod operation 6.

Le déplacement de l'ensemble mobile continue pour atteindre la position d'ouverture représentée sur la figure 4 et le soufflage se prolonge entre les contacts 3A et 7A tandis que le gaz continue de s'évacuer derrière le piston 11. La distance d2 étant supérieure ou égale à la course totale du contact d'arc mobile, en fin d'ouverture, la chambre de compression 18 est toujours en communication avec le volume 19 et le gaz de cette chambre 18 peut toujours être évacué.The movement of the mobile assembly continues for reach the open position shown in the figure 4 and the blowing extends between the contacts 3A and 7A as the gas continues to drain behind the piston 11. The distance d2 being greater than or equal to the stroke total of the movable arcing contact, at the end of opening, the compression chamber 18 is always in communication with the volume 19 and the gas of this chamber 18 can always be evacuated.

Selon une variante de réalisation représentée sur les figures 5 à 7, une butée annulaire coulissante 13 est disposée à l'intérieur de la chambre de compression 18, la butée venant en butée contre la couronne 9 après la course x grâce à un ressort d'amortissement 12 disposé entre cette butée 13 et le piston 11 et fixé par ses extrémités à ces deux pièces.According to an alternative embodiment shown on the Figures 5 to 7, a sliding annular stop 13 is disposed inside the compression chamber 18, the abutment abutting crown 9 after stroke x thanks to a damping spring 12 disposed between this stop 13 and piston 11 and fixed by its ends to these two pieces.

Le fonctionnement est le même que précédemment à la différence près que comme représenté sur la figure 6, une fois la course x réalisée la butée 13 vient en butée contre la couronne 9 et durant la suite du déplacement, le ressort 12 joue le rôle d'amortisseur en étant comprimé jusqu'à la fin du mouvement, comme représenté sur la figure 7. Il est à noter que l'énergie de ce ressort 12 contribue à la refermeture du disjoncteur.The operation is the same as before at the difference except that as shown in figure 6, a times the stroke x achieved the stop 13 comes into abutment against the crown 9 and during the rest of the movement, the spring 12 acts as a shock absorber by being compressed to the end of movement, as shown in figure 7. It is note that the energy of this spring 12 contributes to the reclosing of the circuit breaker.

Claims (10)

  1. A puffer-type circuit-breaker comprising an insulating casing (1) filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, two arcing contacts (3A, 7A) that co-operate with each other, at least one of which is part of a moving contact assembly that is secured to a drive member (6) and that is suitable for being displaced axially inside the casing between a closed position and an open position, the moving contact assembly being constituted by a first tube (7) carrying the moving arcing contact (7A) at its end, and by a second tube (8) that is coaxial with the first tube so as to define firstly an expansion chamber (17) of constant volume and closed by a blast nozzle (10) on one side of an annular wall (9) interconnecting the first tube and the second tube, and secondly a compression chamber (18) on the other side of said annular wall, the compression chamber being closed by a piston (11), and communicating with the expansion chamber, compression first means being provided for compressing the gas in the compression chamber (18) during a first portion of the displacement of the moving contact assembly between the closed position and the open position, and pressure-reducing second means being provided for reducing the pressure of the gas in the compression chamber during a second portion of the same displacement of the moving contact assembly, said circuit-breaker being characterized in that the first means comprise the fixed piston (11) that co-operates with the first tube (7) over a certain travel distance x, and the second means comprise means for exhausting the gas contained in the compression chamber (18) from said compression chamber, which means act once distance x has been travelled.
  2. A circuit-breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the travel distance x is equal to the distance travelled by the moving arcing contact (7A) over the fixed arcing contact (3A) before they separate.
  3. A circuit-breaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first tube (7) is closed by an end wall (5) disposed at a certain distance d1 from the annular wall (9) and on that side thereof which is opposite from the arcing contacts.
  4. A circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that the second means comprise at least one slot provided in the first tube (7), which slot is disposed on that side of the annular wall (9) which is opposite from the arcing contacts, and its length is greater than the thickness of the piston (11), that edge of the slot which is further from the annular wall (9) being at a distance d from the annular wall (9), distance d being not more than distance d1, and, when the circuit-breaker is in the closed position, that face of the piston (11) which is opposite from the moving arcing contact (7A) being situated at a distance equal to d+x from the annular wall (9).
  5. A circuit-breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that, when the circuit-breaker is in the closed position, that edge of the slot (4) which is closer to the annular wall (9) is situated at a distance d2 from the piston (11) that is not less than the total distance travelled by the moving arcing contact (7A).
  6. A circuit-breaker according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the slot (4) is adjacent to said end wall (5), distance d being equal to distance d1.
  7. A circuit-breaker according to any preceding claim, characterized in that a slidably-mounted annular abutment (13) is disposed inside the compression chamber (18), and, after distance x has been travelled, the annular abutment (13) abuts against the annular wall (9) by means of a damping spring (12) disposed between the abutment (13) and the piston (11).
  8. A circuit-breaker according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the slot (4) is made up of a set of orifices provided in the first tube (7).
  9. A circuit-breaker according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the gas contained in the compression chamber (18) is exhausted therefrom to the inside of the casing (1), once distance x has been travelled.
  10. A circuit-breaker according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that the piston (11) is carried by a fixed tube (21) that is coaxial with said first and second tubes (7 & 8), and that is provided with at least one gas exhaust orifice (22) situated in the vicinity of that one of its ends which is further from said contacts (3A & 7A).
EP95401121A 1994-05-19 1995-05-15 Circuit breaker with reduced self compression Expired - Lifetime EP0684622B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9406128 1994-05-19
FR9406128A FR2720188B1 (en) 1994-05-19 1994-05-19 Reduced auto-compression circuit breaker.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0684622A1 EP0684622A1 (en) 1995-11-29
EP0684622B1 true EP0684622B1 (en) 2000-04-12

Family

ID=9463352

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95401121A Expired - Lifetime EP0684622B1 (en) 1994-05-19 1995-05-15 Circuit breaker with reduced self compression

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US5600111A (en)
EP (1) EP0684622B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1074163C (en)
AT (1) ATE191809T1 (en)
AU (1) AU693174B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9502083A (en)
CA (1) CA2149490A1 (en)
DE (1) DE69516206T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2145229T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2720188B1 (en)
PL (1) PL179913B1 (en)
PT (1) PT684622E (en)
ZA (1) ZA954068B (en)

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CN102177565B (en) * 2008-10-09 2013-11-27 阿尔斯通技术有限公司 Cutoff chamber for high-voltage circuit breaker with improved arc quenching

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FR2752478B1 (en) * 1996-08-13 1998-09-18 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa SEMI-MOBILE PISTON CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH HIGH CAPACITIVE CURRENT BREAKING POWER
FR2755293B1 (en) * 1996-10-28 1998-11-27 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa SEMI-MOBILE PISTON CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH HIGH CAPACITIVE CURRENT BREAKING POWER
FR2762925B1 (en) * 1997-05-02 1999-07-09 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH DOUBLE MOTION OF ARC CONTACTS
FR2763172B1 (en) * 1997-05-07 1999-07-09 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH A DRAWER MECHANICAL SYSTEM FOR A REDUCED COMPRESSION STROKE CHAMBER
FR2821482B1 (en) * 2001-02-27 2003-04-04 Alstom CIRCUIT BREAKER INCLUDING A PISTON COMPRESSION CHAMBER DRAIN CHANNEL
US20070241079A1 (en) * 2006-04-13 2007-10-18 Johnson David S High voltage circuit breaker with re-fill valve
EP2343721A1 (en) * 2010-01-06 2011-07-13 ABB Research Ltd. Gas-isolated high voltage switch
KR101622422B1 (en) * 2011-07-20 2016-05-18 엘에스산전 주식회사 Gas Circuit Breaker
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CN106030744B (en) * 2013-12-23 2019-07-02 Abb瑞士股份有限公司 Electrical switchgear
KR101657454B1 (en) * 2014-09-25 2016-09-21 현대중공업 주식회사 Gas isolated circuit breaker
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EP3503152B1 (en) * 2017-12-22 2020-10-14 ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG Gas-insulated high or medium voltage circuit breaker
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA954068B (en) 1996-01-19
ES2145229T3 (en) 2000-07-01
DE69516206T2 (en) 2000-11-23
BR9502083A (en) 1995-12-19
PL179913B1 (en) 2000-11-30
DE69516206D1 (en) 2000-05-18
PT684622E (en) 2000-09-29
AU693174B2 (en) 1998-06-25
FR2720188B1 (en) 1996-06-14
CN1074163C (en) 2001-10-31
PL308663A1 (en) 1995-11-27
CN1118107A (en) 1996-03-06
CA2149490A1 (en) 1995-11-20
EP0684622A1 (en) 1995-11-29
FR2720188A1 (en) 1995-11-24
AU2003695A (en) 1995-11-30
ATE191809T1 (en) 2000-04-15
US5600111A (en) 1997-02-04

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