EP0684622A1 - Circuit breaker with reduced self compression - Google Patents

Circuit breaker with reduced self compression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0684622A1
EP0684622A1 EP95401121A EP95401121A EP0684622A1 EP 0684622 A1 EP0684622 A1 EP 0684622A1 EP 95401121 A EP95401121 A EP 95401121A EP 95401121 A EP95401121 A EP 95401121A EP 0684622 A1 EP0684622 A1 EP 0684622A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
tube
piston
crown
breaker according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95401121A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0684622B1 (en
Inventor
Denis Dufournet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grid Solutions SAS
Original Assignee
GEC Alsthom T&D SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GEC Alsthom T&D SA filed Critical GEC Alsthom T&D SA
Publication of EP0684622A1 publication Critical patent/EP0684622A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0684622B1 publication Critical patent/EP0684622B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H2033/906—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism with pressure limitation in the compression volume, e.g. by valves or bleeder openings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H2033/908—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism using valves for regulating communication between, e.g. arc space, hot volume, compression volume, surrounding volume
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/60—Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/905—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the compression volume being formed by a movable cylinder and a semi-mobile piston

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a booster circuit breaker with self-compression in particular for high voltage.
  • circuit breaker of the self-blowing type comprising an insulating envelope filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, two arcing contacts cooperating with each other, at least one forming part of a fixed movable contact assembly.
  • the movable contact assembly being constituted by a first tube carrying at its end the movable arcing contact and a second tube coaxial with the first tube to delimit, on either side of a crown connecting the first and the second tubes, an expansion chamber at constant volume closed by a blowing nozzle and a compression chamber communicating with the expansion chamber and closed by a piston, first means for compressing the gas in the compression chamber during a first part of the movement of the movable contact assembly between e the closed position and the open position and second means for decompressing the gas in the compression chamber during a second part of this same movement of the movable contact assembly being provided.
  • the piston is semi-mobile and means are provided for immobilizing the piston during a first part of the movement of the mobile contact assembly between the closed position and the open position and a means for moving axially the piston with the movable contact assembly during a second part of this same movement of the movable contact assembly.
  • the means for axially moving the piston consists of a drive member integral with the contact assembly mobile which causes a stop integral with the piston during the second part of the movement of the mobile contact assembly, this stop being disposed on the path of the drive member.
  • the piston is connected to a third tube provided with at least one lumen in which slides a finger integral with the first tube and which extends radially with respect to the latter in the direction of the second tube.
  • the means for immobilizing the piston consists of a spring arranged between the drive member and the piston and by a fixed retaining member cooperating with the piston.
  • the extinction of the arc occurring between the arcing contacts during an opening operation is effected by means of compression of the gas in the compression chamber.
  • the extinction of the arc obtained by a flow of gas coming from the compression chamber takes place before the movement of the movable contact assembly has ended. Therefore, it is not necessary to compress the gas in the compression chamber during the entire movement of the movable contact assembly. From the moment the piston moves with the movable contact assembly, the amount of energy required to operate the movable contact assembly is very reduced because there is no more gas compression .
  • the object of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker with low operating energy and therefore inexpensive, the blowing of low currents is by self-compression and the blowing of strong currents by thermal expansion.
  • the first means comprise the fixed piston cooperating with the first tube over a certain stroke x and the second means comprise means for discharging the gas contained in the compression chamber outside thereof acting once the stroke x has ended.
  • the stroke x is equal to the stroke of the movable arcing contact on the fixed arcing contact before their separation.
  • the first tube is closed frontally by a wall disposed at a certain distance dl from the crown on the side of the latter opposite to the arcing contacts.
  • the second means comprise at least one lumen produced in the first tube, disposed on the side of the crown opposite to the arcing contacts, of length greater than the thickness of the piston and whose edge furthest from the crown is at a distance d from the crown, the distance d being less than or equal to the distance dl and the face opposite the movable arc contact of the piston being distant by a length equal to d + x from the crown in the closed position.
  • the edge of the light closest to the crown is at a distance d2 from the piston greater than or equal to the total travel of the movable arcing contact, when the circuit breaker is in the closed position.
  • the light is adjacent to said wall, the distance d being equal to the distance dl.
  • a sliding annular stop is arranged inside the compression chamber, the stop coming into abutment against the crown after the stroke x by means of a damping spring arranged between this stop and the piston.
  • the lumen may consist of a set of orifices made in the first tube.
  • the gas contained in the compression chamber is evacuated from it inside the envelope, once the stroke x has ended and to do this, advantageously, the piston is carried by a fixed tube coaxial with said first and second tubes and pierced with at least a gas discharge orifice, located near its end opposite to said contacts.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the closed position.
  • Figures 2 and 3 are views in longitudinal section of a circuit breaker according to the invention in intermediate positions between the closed position and the open position.
  • Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the open position.
  • Figures 5 to 7 are views in longitudinal section of a circuit breaker according to the invention in closed, intermediate and open positions, according to an alternative embodiment.
  • the circuit breaker shown in the figures comprises, in a conventional manner, an insulating envelope 1 filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, two arcing contacts 3A, 7A cooperating with each other, at least one being part of a contact assembly movable integral with an operating member 6 and adapted to be moved axially in the casing 1 between a closed position and an open position, the movable contact assembly being constituted by a first tube 7 carrying at its end the movable arcing contact 7A and a second tube 8 coaxial with the first tube 7 to delimit, on either side of a ring 9 connecting the first and the second tubes, an expansion chamber 17 at constant volume closed by a blowing nozzle 10 and a compression chamber 18 communicating via a one-way valve 2 with the expansion chamber and closed by a piston 11.
  • the circuit breaker may also include a permanent contact 14 cooperating with the ext remitted 8A from the second tube 8 forming permanent movable contact.
  • first means for compressing the gas in the compression chamber 18 during a first part of the movement of the movable contact assembly between the closed position and the open position and second decompression means gas in the compression chamber 18 during a second part of this same movement of the movable contact assembly.
  • the first means comprise the fixed piston 11 cooperating with the first tube 7 over a certain stroke x during the displacement of the movable assembly and the second means comprise a means for discharging the gas contained in the compression chamber 18 out of it. ci acting once the race x is over.
  • the stroke x is equal to the stroke of the movable arcing contact 7A on the fixed arcing contact 3A before their separation.
  • the first tube 7 is closed frontally by a wall 5 disposed at a certain distance dl from the crown 9 on the side of the latter opposite the arcing contacts.
  • the second means comprise at least one lumen produced in the first tube 7, disposed on the side of the crown 9 opposite the arcing contacts, of length greater than the thickness of the piston 11 and whose edge furthest from the crown 9 is at a distance d from the crown 9, the distance d being equal to the distance dl, but possibly being less, and the face opposite to the movable arc contact 7A of the piston 11 being distant by a length equal to d + x of crown 9 in the closed position. Furthermore, the edge of the light 4 closest to the crown 9 is at a distance d2 from the piston 11 greater than or equal to the total travel of the movable arcing contact 7A, when the circuit breaker is in the closed position.
  • the light 4 can consist of a set of orifices made in the first tube 7. These orifices can be aligned on a generator of the tube 7 and / or arranged according to different generatrices. In that case, the edges specified above are the extreme edges of the set of orifices.
  • the piston 11 is carried by a fixed tube 21 for example integral with the current-taking plate 20 and coaxial with said first and second tubes 7, 8 and pierced with at least one orifice 22 for discharging the gas, located near its end opposite to said contacts 3A, 7A.
  • the movable contact assembly driven by the operating member 6 moves to the right (according to the representation made in FIG. 1) and the fixed piston 11 and the tube 7 moves relatively over a stroke x as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the gas is then compressed in the compression chamber 18 and pushes the valve 2 into the open position.
  • the gas is therefore also compressed in the expansion chamber 17. Given the light 4, it is also compressed in the volume 19 inside the first tube 7, this volume 19 then being closed by the wall 5 and by the fixed contact 3A cooperating with the movable contact 7A.
  • the movement of the mobile assembly continues to reach the open position shown in FIG. 4 and the blowing continues between the contacts 3A and 7A while the gas continues to evacuate behind the piston 11.
  • the distance d2 being greater or equal to the total travel of the movable arcing contact, at the end of opening, the compression chamber 18 is always in communication with the volume 19 and the gas from this chamber 18 can always be evacuated.
  • a sliding annular stop 13 is disposed inside the compression chamber 18, the stop coming into abutment against the crown 9 after the stroke x thanks to a spring damping 12 disposed between this stop 13 and the piston 11 and fixed by its ends to these two parts.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)

Abstract

The circuit breaker includes an insulating envelope 91), filled with a dielectric gas, and housing two arc contacts (3A,7A) attached to a mobile contact operated by an actuator (6). The mobile contact is placed axially inside the envelope and includes a tube (7), terminated with one of the arc contacts (7A). A second tube (8) is coaxial to the first one and attached to a crown (9) which links the two tubes. An expansion chamber (17) closed by a nozzle (10) communicates with a compression chamber via a one-way value. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à un disjoncteur à autocompression d'appoint en particulier pour haute tension.The present invention relates to a booster circuit breaker with self-compression in particular for high voltage.

Elle concerne plus précisément un disjoncteur du type à auto-soufflage, comprenant une enveloppe isolante remplie d'un gaz diélectrique sous pression, deux contacts d'arc coopérant entre eux, l'un au moins faisant partie d'un ensemble de contact mobile solidaire d'un organe de manoeuvre et adapté pour être déplacé axialement dans l'enveloppe entre une position de fermeture et une position d'ouverture, l'ensemble de contact mobile étant constitué par un premier tube portant à son extrémité le contact d'arc mobile et un second tube coaxial au premier tube pour délimiter, de part et d'autre d'une couronne reliant le premier et le second tubes, une chambre d'expansion à volume constant fermée par une buse de soufflage et une chambre de compression communiquant avec la chambre d'expansion et fermée par un piston, des premiers moyens de mise en compression du gaz dans la chambre de compression pendant une première partie du déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile entre la position de fermeture et la position d'ouverture et des seconds moyens de décompression du gaz dans la chambre de compression pendant une seconde partie de ce même déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile étant prévus.More specifically, it relates to a circuit breaker of the self-blowing type, comprising an insulating envelope filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, two arcing contacts cooperating with each other, at least one forming part of a fixed movable contact assembly. an operating member and adapted to be moved axially in the envelope between a closed position and an open position, the movable contact assembly being constituted by a first tube carrying at its end the movable arcing contact and a second tube coaxial with the first tube to delimit, on either side of a crown connecting the first and the second tubes, an expansion chamber at constant volume closed by a blowing nozzle and a compression chamber communicating with the expansion chamber and closed by a piston, first means for compressing the gas in the compression chamber during a first part of the movement of the movable contact assembly between e the closed position and the open position and second means for decompressing the gas in the compression chamber during a second part of this same movement of the movable contact assembly being provided.

Un tel disjoncteur est décrit dans la demande de brevet EP-O 591 039 déposée par la Déposante.Such a circuit breaker is described in patent application EP-O 591 039 filed by the Applicant.

Selon ce document antérieur, le piston est semi-mobile et il est prévu un moyen pour immobiliser le piston pendant une première partie du déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile entre la position de fermeture et la position d'ouverture et un moyen pour déplacer axialement le piston avec l'ensemble de contact mobile pendant une seconde partie de ce même déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile. Le moyen pour déplacer axialement le piston est constitué par un organe d'entraînement solidaire de l'ensemble de contact mobile qui entraine une butée solidaire du piston pendant la seconde partie du déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile, cette butée étant disposée sur le trajet de l'organe d'entraînement. Le piston est relié à un troisième tube pourvu d'au moins une lumière dans laquelle coulisse un doigt solidaire du premier tube et qui s'étend radialement par rapport à celui-ci en direction du second tube. Le moyen pour immobiliser le piston est constitué un ressort disposé entre l'organe d'entraînement et le piston et par un organe de retenue fixe coopérant avec le piston.According to this prior document, the piston is semi-mobile and means are provided for immobilizing the piston during a first part of the movement of the mobile contact assembly between the closed position and the open position and a means for moving axially the piston with the movable contact assembly during a second part of this same movement of the movable contact assembly. The means for axially moving the piston consists of a drive member integral with the contact assembly mobile which causes a stop integral with the piston during the second part of the movement of the mobile contact assembly, this stop being disposed on the path of the drive member. The piston is connected to a third tube provided with at least one lumen in which slides a finger integral with the first tube and which extends radially with respect to the latter in the direction of the second tube. The means for immobilizing the piston consists of a spring arranged between the drive member and the piston and by a fixed retaining member cooperating with the piston.

Dans le cas de faibles courants à couper, l'extinction de l'arc se produisant entre les contacts d'arc pendant une opération d'ouverture, se fait à l'aide d'une compression du gaz dans la chambre de compression. Or l'extinction de l'arc obtenue par un flux de gaz provenant de la chambre de compression s'opère avant la fin du déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile. Par conséquent, il n'est pas nécessaire de comprimer le gaz dans la chambre de compression pendant tout le déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile. A partir de l'instant où le piston se déplace avec l'ensemble de contact mobile, la quantité d'énergie nécessaire pour manoeuvrer l'ensemble de contact mobile est très réduite du fait qu'il n'y a plus de compression de gaz.In the case of low currents to be cut, the extinction of the arc occurring between the arcing contacts during an opening operation is effected by means of compression of the gas in the compression chamber. However, the extinction of the arc obtained by a flow of gas coming from the compression chamber takes place before the movement of the movable contact assembly has ended. Therefore, it is not necessary to compress the gas in the compression chamber during the entire movement of the movable contact assembly. From the moment the piston moves with the movable contact assembly, the amount of energy required to operate the movable contact assembly is very reduced because there is no more gas compression .

Cependant, dans cet agencement connu, le ressort sollicitant le piston semi-mobile provoque un effort permanent sur la bielle de commande et entraîne une augmentation de l'énergie de manoeuvre nécessaire.However, in this known arrangement, the spring urging the semi-movable piston causes a permanent force on the control rod and causes an increase in the operating energy required.

Le but de l'invention est de réaliser un disjoncteur à faible énergie de manoeuvre et donc peu coûteux dont le soufflage des faibles courants se fait par autocompression et le soufflage des courants forts par expansion thermique.The object of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker with low operating energy and therefore inexpensive, the blowing of low currents is by self-compression and the blowing of strong currents by thermal expansion.

Pour ce faire, conformément à l'invention, les premiers moyens comprennent le piston fixe coopérant avec le premier tube sur une certaine course x et les seconds moyens comprennent un moyen d'évacuation du gaz contenu dans la chambre de compression hors de celle-ci agissant une fois la course x terminée.To do this, in accordance with the invention, the first means comprise the fixed piston cooperating with the first tube over a certain stroke x and the second means comprise means for discharging the gas contained in the compression chamber outside thereof acting once the stroke x has ended.

Avantageusement, la course x est égale à la course du contact d'arc mobile sur le contact d'arc fixe avant leur séparation.Advantageously, the stroke x is equal to the stroke of the movable arcing contact on the fixed arcing contact before their separation.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le premier tube est fermé frontalement par une paroi disposée à une certaine distance dl de la couronne du côté de celle-ci opposé aux contacts d'arc.According to a preferred embodiment, the first tube is closed frontally by a wall disposed at a certain distance dl from the crown on the side of the latter opposite to the arcing contacts.

De préférence, les seconds moyens comprennent au moins une lumière réalisée dans le premier tube, disposé du côté de la couronne opposé aux contacts d'arc, de longueur supérieure à l'épaisseur du piston et dont le bord le plus éloigné de la couronne est à une distance d de la couronne, la distance d étant inférieure ou égale à la distance dl et la face opposée au contact d'arc mobile du piston étant distante d'une longueur égale à d+x de la couronne en position de fermeture.Preferably, the second means comprise at least one lumen produced in the first tube, disposed on the side of the crown opposite to the arcing contacts, of length greater than the thickness of the piston and whose edge furthest from the crown is at a distance d from the crown, the distance d being less than or equal to the distance dl and the face opposite the movable arc contact of the piston being distant by a length equal to d + x from the crown in the closed position.

Par ailleurs, le bord de la lumière le plus proche de la couronne est à une distance d2 du piston supérieure ou égale à la course totale du contact d'arc mobile, lorsque le disjoncteur est en position de fermeture.Furthermore, the edge of the light closest to the crown is at a distance d2 from the piston greater than or equal to the total travel of the movable arcing contact, when the circuit breaker is in the closed position.

Dans ce cas, avantageusement, la lumière est adjacente à ladite paroi, la distance d étant égale à la distance dl.In this case, advantageously, the light is adjacent to said wall, the distance d being equal to the distance dl.

Eventuellement, une butée annulaire coulissante est disposée à l'intérieur de la chambre de compression, la butée venant en butée contre la couronne après la course x grâce à un ressort d'amortissement disposé entre cette butée et le piston.Optionally, a sliding annular stop is arranged inside the compression chamber, the stop coming into abutment against the crown after the stroke x by means of a damping spring arranged between this stop and the piston.

Eventuellement, la lumière peut être constituée d'un ensemble d'orifices réalisés dans le premier tube.Optionally, the lumen may consist of a set of orifices made in the first tube.

De préférence, le gaz contenu dans la chambre de compression est évacué hors de celle-ci à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe, une fois la course x terminée et pour ce faire, avantageusement, le piston est porté par un tube fixe coaxial auxdits premier et second tubes et percé d'au moins un orifice d'évacuation du gaz, situé à proximité de son extrémité opposée auxdits contacts.Preferably, the gas contained in the compression chamber is evacuated from it inside the envelope, once the stroke x has ended and to do this, advantageously, the piston is carried by a fixed tube coaxial with said first and second tubes and pierced with at least a gas discharge orifice, located near its end opposite to said contacts.

L'invention est décrite ci-après plus en détail à l'aide de figures ne représentant qu'un mode de réalisation préféré.The invention is described below in more detail with the aid of figures representing only a preferred embodiment.

La figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un disjoncteur conforme à l'invention en position de fermeture.Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the closed position.

Les figures 2 et 3 sont des vues en coupe longitudinale d'un disjoncteur conforme à l'invention en positions intermédiaires entre la position de fermeture et la position d'ouverture.Figures 2 and 3 are views in longitudinal section of a circuit breaker according to the invention in intermediate positions between the closed position and the open position.

La figure 4 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un disjoncteur conforme à l'invention en position d'ouverture.Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the open position.

Les figures 5 à 7 sont des vues en coupe longitudinale d'un disjoncteur conforme à l'invention en positions de fermeture, intermédiaire et d'ouverture, selon une variante de réalisation.Figures 5 to 7 are views in longitudinal section of a circuit breaker according to the invention in closed, intermediate and open positions, according to an alternative embodiment.

Le disjoncteur représenté sur les figures comprend, de façon classique, une enveloppe isolante 1 remplie d'un gaz diélectrique sous pression, deux contacts d'arc 3A ,7A coopérant entre eux, l'un au moins faisant partie d'un ensemble de contact mobile solidaire d'un organe de manoeuvre 6 et adapté pour être déplacé axialement dans l'enveloppe 1 entre une position de fermeture et une position d'ouverture, l'ensemble de contact mobile étant constitué par un premier tube 7 portant à son extrémité le contact d'arc mobile 7A et un second tube 8 coaxial au premier tube 7 pour délimiter, de part et d'autre d'une couronne 9 reliant le premier et le second tubes, une chambre d'expansion 17 à volume constant fermée par une buse de soufflage 10 et une chambre de compression 18 communiquant par l'intermédiaire d'un clapet unidirectionnel 2 avec la chambre d'expansion et fermée par un piston 11. Le disjoncteur peut également comporter un contact permanent 14 coopérant avec l'extrémité 8A du second tube 8 formant contact permanent mobile.The circuit breaker shown in the figures comprises, in a conventional manner, an insulating envelope 1 filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, two arcing contacts 3A, 7A cooperating with each other, at least one being part of a contact assembly movable integral with an operating member 6 and adapted to be moved axially in the casing 1 between a closed position and an open position, the movable contact assembly being constituted by a first tube 7 carrying at its end the movable arcing contact 7A and a second tube 8 coaxial with the first tube 7 to delimit, on either side of a ring 9 connecting the first and the second tubes, an expansion chamber 17 at constant volume closed by a blowing nozzle 10 and a compression chamber 18 communicating via a one-way valve 2 with the expansion chamber and closed by a piston 11. The circuit breaker may also include a permanent contact 14 cooperating with the ext remitted 8A from the second tube 8 forming permanent movable contact.

Comme antérieurement, sont prévus des premiers moyens de mise en compression du gaz dans la chambre de compression 18 pendant une première partie du déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile entre la position de fermeture et la position d'ouverture et des seconds moyens de décompression du gaz dans la chambre de compression 18 pendant une seconde partie de ce même déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile.As before, there are provided first means for compressing the gas in the compression chamber 18 during a first part of the movement of the movable contact assembly between the closed position and the open position and second decompression means gas in the compression chamber 18 during a second part of this same movement of the movable contact assembly.

Les premiers moyens comprennent le piston 11 fixe coopérant avec le premier tube 7 sur une certaine course x lors du déplacement de l'ensemble mobile et les seconds moyens comprennent un moyen d'évacuation du gaz contenue dans la chambre de compression 18 hors de celle-ci agissant une fois la course x terminée.The first means comprise the fixed piston 11 cooperating with the first tube 7 over a certain stroke x during the displacement of the movable assembly and the second means comprise a means for discharging the gas contained in the compression chamber 18 out of it. ci acting once the race x is over.

La course x est égale à la course du contact d'arc mobile 7A sur le contact d'arc fixe 3A avant leur séparation. Le premier tube 7 est fermé frontalement par une paroi 5 disposée à une certaine distance dl de la couronne 9 du côté de celle-ci opposé aux contacts d'arc.The stroke x is equal to the stroke of the movable arcing contact 7A on the fixed arcing contact 3A before their separation. The first tube 7 is closed frontally by a wall 5 disposed at a certain distance dl from the crown 9 on the side of the latter opposite the arcing contacts.

Les seconds moyens comprennent au moins une lumière réalisée dans le premier tube 7, disposé du côté de la couronne 9 opposé aux contacts d'arc, de longueur supérieure à l'épaisseur du piston 11 et dont le bord le plus éloigné de la couronne 9 est à une distance d de la couronne 9, la distance d étant égale à la distance dl, mais pouvant être éventuellement inférieure, et la face opposée au contact d'arc mobile 7A du piston 11 étant distante d'une longueur égale à d+x de la couronne 9 en position de fermeture. Par ailleurs, le bord de la lumière 4 le plus proche de la couronne 9 est à une distance d2 du piston 11 supérieure ou égale à la course totale du contact d'arc mobile 7A, lorsque le disjoncteur est en position de fermeture.The second means comprise at least one lumen produced in the first tube 7, disposed on the side of the crown 9 opposite the arcing contacts, of length greater than the thickness of the piston 11 and whose edge furthest from the crown 9 is at a distance d from the crown 9, the distance d being equal to the distance dl, but possibly being less, and the face opposite to the movable arc contact 7A of the piston 11 being distant by a length equal to d + x of crown 9 in the closed position. Furthermore, the edge of the light 4 closest to the crown 9 is at a distance d2 from the piston 11 greater than or equal to the total travel of the movable arcing contact 7A, when the circuit breaker is in the closed position.

La lumière 4 peut être constituée d'un ensemble d'orifices réalisés dans le premier tube 7. Ces orifices peuvent être alignés sur une génératrice du tube 7 et/ou disposés selon des génératrices différentes. Dans ce cas, les bords précisés ci-dessus sont les bords extrêmes de l'ensemble d'orifices.The light 4 can consist of a set of orifices made in the first tube 7. These orifices can be aligned on a generator of the tube 7 and / or arranged according to different generatrices. In that case, the edges specified above are the extreme edges of the set of orifices.

Le piston 11 est porté par un tube fixe 21 par exemple solidaire de la plaque 20 de prise du courant et coaxial auxdits premier et second tubes 7, 8 et percé d'au moins un orifice 22 d'évacuation du gaz, situé à proximité de son extrémité opposée auxdits contacts 3A, 7A.The piston 11 is carried by a fixed tube 21 for example integral with the current-taking plate 20 and coaxial with said first and second tubes 7, 8 and pierced with at least one orifice 22 for discharging the gas, located near its end opposite to said contacts 3A, 7A.

Lors de l'ouverture, l'ensemble de contact mobile entraîné par l'organe de manoeuvre 6 se déplace vers la droite (selon la représentation faite sur la figure 1) et le piston fixe 11 et le tube 7 se déplace relativement sur une course x comme visible sur la figure 2. Le gaz est alors comprimé dans la chambre de compression 18 et pousse le clapet 2 en position d'ouverture. Le gaz est donc également comprimé dans la chambre d'expansion 17. Compte-tenu de la lumière 4, il est également comprimé dans le volume 19 à l'intérieur du premier tube 7, ce volume 19 étant alors fermé par la paroi 5 et par le contact fixe 3A coopérant avec le contact mobile 7A.When opening, the movable contact assembly driven by the operating member 6 moves to the right (according to the representation made in FIG. 1) and the fixed piston 11 and the tube 7 moves relatively over a stroke x as shown in FIG. 2. The gas is then compressed in the compression chamber 18 and pushes the valve 2 into the open position. The gas is therefore also compressed in the expansion chamber 17. Given the light 4, it is also compressed in the volume 19 inside the first tube 7, this volume 19 then being closed by the wall 5 and by the fixed contact 3A cooperating with the movable contact 7A.

Lorsque l'ensemble de contact mobile a réalisé la course x, son mouvement continue et atteint la position représentée sur la figure 3. Le piston 11 chevauche alors la lumière 4 et les contact 3A et 7A se séparent. L'arc se forme donc entre ces contacts. La compression efficace est alors terminée. La chambre de compression 18 et le volume intérieur 19 du premier tube 7 sont ouverts et le gaz comprimé peut s'échapper vers l'arrière du piston 11 et s'évacuer par le ou les orifices 22 à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe 1. Le clapet 2 se ferme. La chambre d'expansion est également ouverte et le gaz comprimé dans cette chambre vient souffler l'arc entre les contacts 3A et 7A. La surpression générée pendant la course x est alors suffisante pour assurer la coupure des courants faibles correspondant à 15 à 20% du pouvoir de coupure. De plus, en cas de forts courants, compte-tenu de l'échauffement provoqué par l'arc, la pression augmente dans la chambre 17 par expansion thermique. Un dimensionnement optimal de la chambre d'expansion 17 permet d'obtenir la coupure des forts courants uniquement par expansion thermique. Il est à noter que cette expansion est sans réaction sur la tringle de manoeuvre 6.When the movable contact assembly has made the stroke x, its movement continues and reaches the position shown in FIG. 3. The piston 11 then overlaps the light 4 and the contacts 3A and 7A separate. The arc therefore forms between these contacts. The effective compression is then finished. The compression chamber 18 and the internal volume 19 of the first tube 7 are open and the compressed gas can escape towards the rear of the piston 11 and escape through the orifice (s) 22 inside the envelope 1 The valve 2 closes. The expansion chamber is also open and the compressed gas in this chamber blows the arc between the contacts 3A and 7A. The overpressure generated during the stroke x is then sufficient to cut the weak currents corresponding to 15 to 20% of the breaking power. In addition, in the event of strong currents, taking into account the heating caused by the arc, the pressure increases in the chamber 17 by expansion thermal. Optimal dimensioning of the expansion chamber 17 makes it possible to obtain the cutting of strong currents only by thermal expansion. It should be noted that this expansion has no reaction on the operating rod 6.

Le déplacement de l'ensemble mobile continue pour atteindre la position d'ouverture représentée sur la figure 4 et le soufflage se prolonge entre les contacts 3A et 7A tandis que le gaz continue de s'évacuer derrière le piston 11. La distance d2 étant supérieure ou égale à la course totale du contact d'arc mobile, en fin d'ouverture, la chambre de compression 18 est toujours en communication avec le volume 19 et le gaz de cette chambre 18 peut toujours être évacué.The movement of the mobile assembly continues to reach the open position shown in FIG. 4 and the blowing continues between the contacts 3A and 7A while the gas continues to evacuate behind the piston 11. The distance d2 being greater or equal to the total travel of the movable arcing contact, at the end of opening, the compression chamber 18 is always in communication with the volume 19 and the gas from this chamber 18 can always be evacuated.

Selon une variante de réalisation représentée sur les figures 5 à 7, une butée annulaire coulissante 13 est disposée à l'intérieur de la chambre de compression 18, la butée venant en butée contre la couronne 9 après la course x grâce à un ressort d'amortissement 12 disposé entre cette butée 13 et le piston 11 et fixé par ses extrémités à ces deux pièces.According to an alternative embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, a sliding annular stop 13 is disposed inside the compression chamber 18, the stop coming into abutment against the crown 9 after the stroke x thanks to a spring damping 12 disposed between this stop 13 and the piston 11 and fixed by its ends to these two parts.

Le fonctionnement est le même que précédemment à la différence près que comme représenté sur la figure 6, une fois la course x réalisée la butée 13 vient en butée contre la couronne 9 et durant la suite du déplacement, le ressort 12 joue le rôle d'amortisseur en étant comprimé jusqu'à la fin du mouvement, comme représenté sur la figure 7. Il est à noter que l'énergie de ce ressort 12 contribue à la refermeture du disjoncteur.The operation is the same as previously except that as shown in FIG. 6, once the race x has been completed the stop 13 comes into abutment against the crown 9 and during the rest of the movement, the spring 12 plays the role of shock absorber by being compressed until the end of the movement, as shown in FIG. 7. It should be noted that the energy of this spring 12 contributes to the reclosing of the circuit breaker.

Claims (10)

1) Disjoncteur du type à auto-soufflage, comprenant une enveloppe isolante (1) remplie d'un gaz diélectrique sous pression, deux contacts d'arc (3A, 7A) coopérant entre eux, l'un au moins faisant partie d'un ensemble de contact mobile solidaire d'un organe de manoeuvre (6) et adapté pour être déplacé axialement dans l'enveloppe entre une position de fermeture et une position d'ouverture, l'ensemble de contact mobile étant constitué par un premier tube (7) portant à son extrémité le contact d'arc mobile (7A) et un second tube (8) coaxial au premier tube pour délimiter, de part et d'autre d'une couronne (9) reliant le premier et le second tubes, une chambre d'expansion (17) à volume constant fermée par une buse de soufflage (10) et une chambre de compression (18) communiquant avec la chambre d'expansion et fermée par un piston (11), des premiers moyens de mise en compression du gaz dans la chambre de compression pendant une première partie du déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile entre la position de fermeture et la position d'ouverture et des seconds moyens de décompression du gaz dans la chambre de compression pendant une seconde partie de ce même déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile étant prévus, disjoncteur caractérisé en ce que les premiers moyens comprennent le piston (11) fixe coopérant avec le premier tube (7) sur une certaine course x et les seconds moyens comprennent un moyen d'évacuation du gaz contenu dans la chambre de compression (18) hors de celle-ci agissant une fois la course x terminée. 1) Circuit-breaker of the self-blowing type, comprising an insulating envelope (1) filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, two arcing contacts (3A, 7A) cooperating with each other, at least one being part of a movable contact assembly secured to an operating member (6) and adapted to be moved axially in the envelope between a closed position and an open position, the movable contact assembly being constituted by a first tube (7 ) carrying at its end the movable arcing contact (7A) and a second tube (8) coaxial with the first tube to delimit, on either side of a crown (9) connecting the first and the second tubes, a constant-volume expansion chamber (17) closed by a blowing nozzle (10) and a compression chamber (18) communicating with the expansion chamber and closed by a piston (11), first means of compression gas in the compression chamber during a first part of the displacement of the assembly d e movable contact between the closed position and the open position and second means for decompressing the gas in the compression chamber during a second part of this same movement of the movable contact assembly being provided, circuit breaker characterized in that the first means comprise the fixed piston (11) cooperating with the first tube (7) over a certain stroke x and the second means comprise means for discharging the gas contained in the compression chamber (18) acting therefrom once the race x has ended. 2) Disjoncteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la course x est égale à la course du contact d'arc mobile (7A) sur le contact d'arc fixe (3A) avant leur séparation. 2) Circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the stroke x is equal to the stroke of the movable arcing contact (7A) on the fixed arcing contact (3A) before their separation. 3) Disjoncteur selon la revendication 1 ou 2 caractérisé en ce que le premier tube (7) est fermé frontalement par une paroi (5) disposée à une certaine distance dl de la couronne (9) du côté de celle-ci opposé aux contacts d'arc. 3) Circuit breaker according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the first tube (7) is closed frontally by a wall (5) disposed at a certain distance dl from the crown (9) on the side of the latter opposite to the arcing contacts. 4) Disjoncteur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les seconds moyens comprennent au moins une lumière réalisée dans le premier tube (7), disposé du côté de la couronne (9) opposé aux contacts d'arc, de longueur supérieure à l'épaisseur du piston (11) et dont le bord le plus éloigné de la couronne (9) est à une distance d de la couronne (9), la distance d étant inférieure ou égale à la distance dl et la face opposée au contact d'arc mobile (7A) du piston (11) étant distante d'une longueur égale à d+x de la couronne (9) en position de fermeture. 4) Circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that the second means comprise at least one lumen produced in the first tube (7), disposed on the side of the crown (9) opposite to the arcing contacts, of length greater than l thickness of the piston (11) and the edge furthest from the crown (9) is at a distance d from the crown (9), the distance d being less than or equal to the distance dl and the face opposite to the contact d 'movable arc (7A) of the piston (11) being spaced a length equal to d + x from the crown (9) in the closed position. 5) Disjoncteur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le bord de la lumière (4) le plus proche de la couronne (9) est à une distance d2 du piston (11) supérieure ou égale à la course totale du contact d'arc mobile (7A), lorsque le disjoncteur est en position de fermeture. 5) Circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that the edge of the light (4) closest to the crown (9) is at a distance d2 from the piston (11) greater than or equal to the total stroke of the contact movable arc (7A), when the circuit breaker is in the closed position. 6) Disjoncteur selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que la lumière (4) est adjacente à ladite paroi (5), le distance d étant égale à la distance dl. 6) Circuit breaker according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the light (4) is adjacent to said wall (5), the distance d being equal to the distance dl. 7) Disjoncteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une butée annulaire coulissante (13) est disposée à l'intérieur de la chambre de compression (18), la butée (13) venant en butée contre la couronne (9) après la course x grâce à un ressort d'amortissement (12) disposé entre cette butée (13) et le piston (11). 7) Circuit breaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a sliding annular stop (13) is arranged inside the compression chamber (18), the stop (13) coming into abutment against the crown ( 9) after the stroke x thanks to a damping spring (12) disposed between this stop (13) and the piston (11). 8) Disjoncteur selon l'une des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la lumière (4) est constituée d'un ensemble d'orifices réalisés dans le premier tube (7). 8) Circuit breaker according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the light (4) consists of a set of orifices made in the first tube (7). 9) Disjoncteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le gaz contenu dans la chambre de compression (18) est évacué hors de celle-ci à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe (1), une fois la course x terminée. 9) Circuit breaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas contained in the compression chamber (18) is evacuated from it inside the envelope (1), once the stroke x has ended. . 10) Disjoncteur selon l'une des revendications 4 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le piston (11) est porté par un tube fixe (21) coaxial auxdits premier et second tubes (7, 8) et percé d'au moins un orifice (22) d'évacuation du gaz, situé à proximité de son extrémité opposée auxdits contacts (3A, 7A). 10) Circuit breaker according to one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that the piston (11) is carried by a fixed tube (21) coaxial with said first and second tubes (7, 8) and pierced with at least one orifice (22) gas discharge, located near its end opposite to said contacts (3A, 7A).
EP95401121A 1994-05-19 1995-05-15 Circuit breaker with reduced self compression Expired - Lifetime EP0684622B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9406128A FR2720188B1 (en) 1994-05-19 1994-05-19 Reduced auto-compression circuit breaker.
FR9406128 1994-05-19

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EP0684622A1 true EP0684622A1 (en) 1995-11-29
EP0684622B1 EP0684622B1 (en) 2000-04-12

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US (1) US5600111A (en)
EP (1) EP0684622B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1074163C (en)
AT (1) ATE191809T1 (en)
AU (1) AU693174B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9502083A (en)
CA (1) CA2149490A1 (en)
DE (1) DE69516206T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2145229T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2720188B1 (en)
PL (1) PL179913B1 (en)
PT (1) PT684622E (en)
ZA (1) ZA954068B (en)

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FR2755293A1 (en) * 1996-10-28 1998-04-30 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Semi-mobile piston mechanism for auto-extinguishing gas filled circuit breaker
FR2762925A1 (en) * 1997-05-02 1998-11-06 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Dual action high voltage circuit breaker
FR2763172A1 (en) * 1997-05-07 1998-11-13 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Reduced self-compression arc extinguishing circuit breaker
WO2010040574A1 (en) * 2008-10-09 2010-04-15 Areva T&D Sas Cutoff chamber for high-voltage circuit breaker with improved arc quenching
FR3008541A1 (en) * 2013-07-15 2015-01-16 Alstom Technology Ltd OPTIMIZED PISTON BLOWING CIRCUIT BREAKER

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FR2821482B1 (en) * 2001-02-27 2003-04-04 Alstom CIRCUIT BREAKER INCLUDING A PISTON COMPRESSION CHAMBER DRAIN CHANNEL
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KR101657454B1 (en) * 2014-09-25 2016-09-21 현대중공업 주식회사 Gas isolated circuit breaker
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EP3503153B1 (en) 2017-12-22 2021-09-01 ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG Gas-insulated high or medium voltage circuit breaker
CN114628189B (en) * 2021-12-23 2024-05-24 国网浙江省电力有限公司 Compressed air type arc extinguishing chamber and breaker

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2752478A1 (en) * 1996-08-13 1998-02-20 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa High capacitive cutting current construction method for circuit breakers
FR2755293A1 (en) * 1996-10-28 1998-04-30 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Semi-mobile piston mechanism for auto-extinguishing gas filled circuit breaker
FR2762925A1 (en) * 1997-05-02 1998-11-06 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Dual action high voltage circuit breaker
FR2763172A1 (en) * 1997-05-07 1998-11-13 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Reduced self-compression arc extinguishing circuit breaker
WO2010040574A1 (en) * 2008-10-09 2010-04-15 Areva T&D Sas Cutoff chamber for high-voltage circuit breaker with improved arc quenching
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Publication number Publication date
AU693174B2 (en) 1998-06-25
PL179913B1 (en) 2000-11-30
DE69516206D1 (en) 2000-05-18
CA2149490A1 (en) 1995-11-20
CN1074163C (en) 2001-10-31
ZA954068B (en) 1996-01-19
EP0684622B1 (en) 2000-04-12
AU2003695A (en) 1995-11-30
CN1118107A (en) 1996-03-06
US5600111A (en) 1997-02-04
ES2145229T3 (en) 2000-07-01
FR2720188B1 (en) 1996-06-14
DE69516206T2 (en) 2000-11-23
BR9502083A (en) 1995-12-19
FR2720188A1 (en) 1995-11-24
PL308663A1 (en) 1995-11-27
ATE191809T1 (en) 2000-04-15
PT684622E (en) 2000-09-29

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