EP0359224B1 - High-tension circuit breaker using a dielectric gas for blasting - Google Patents

High-tension circuit breaker using a dielectric gas for blasting Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0359224B1
EP0359224B1 EP89116944A EP89116944A EP0359224B1 EP 0359224 B1 EP0359224 B1 EP 0359224B1 EP 89116944 A EP89116944 A EP 89116944A EP 89116944 A EP89116944 A EP 89116944A EP 0359224 B1 EP0359224 B1 EP 0359224B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
contact
circuit breaker
piston
fixed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89116944A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0359224A1 (en
Inventor
Edmond Thuries
Denis Dufournet
Michel Perret
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Alstom Holdings SA
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GEC Alsthom SA
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Publication date
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Priority to AT89116944T priority Critical patent/ATE98811T1/en
Publication of EP0359224A1 publication Critical patent/EP0359224A1/en
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Publication of EP0359224B1 publication Critical patent/EP0359224B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7007—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid wherein the flow is a function of the current being interrupted
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high voltage circuit breaker in which the breaking chamber is filled with dielectric gas, such as sulfur hexafluoride, and in which the energy of the arc is used, thanks to the increase in pressure it gives to gas, to reduce the energy required for cutting.
  • dielectric gas such as sulfur hexafluoride
  • the invention relates more particularly to a circuit breaker having a blowing cylinder and a second chamber in which an additional pair of contacts is capable of generating, when the circuit breaker is opened, a secondary arc used to help provide energy for the opening maneuver
  • a circuit breaker is known, for example, from French Patent No. 2,610,763.
  • a problem to be solved in this type of circuit breaker is that the pressure remains low in the blowing cylinder for breaking small currents (low operating energy) and that the pressure is high for breaking large currents without increasing the maneuvering energy.
  • the subject of the invention is a high-voltage circuit breaker with pressurized dielectric gas, of the type comprising at least one breaking chamber comprising an insulating envelope filled with said gas inside which are placed a fixed assembly comprising a fixed main contact and a fixed arcing contact, a movable assembly comprising in particular a movable main contact and a movable arcing contact, the breaking chamber further comprising a blowing cylinder opening into a blowing nozzle and a pair of secondary contacts, characterized in that said blowing cylinder is delimited by a first cylinder constituting the movable arcing contact, a second cylinder constituting the movable main contact and a first piston sliding between said first and said second cylinder, said first piston being returned by a spring abutting against a part secured to the fixed assembly, the first cylinder constituting the movable arcing contact and a tube linked to the fixed assembly and coaxial with the aforementioned second cylinder delimiting, on the other side of the piston closing the blowing cylinder
  • FIG. 1 shows a breaking chamber comprising a casing 1, made of an insulating material such as ceramic, filled with a dielectric gas such as sulfur hexafluoride under a pressure of a few bars.
  • a breaking chamber comprising a casing 1, made of an insulating material such as ceramic, filled with a dielectric gas such as sulfur hexafluoride under a pressure of a few bars.
  • a dielectric gas such as sulfur hexafluoride under a pressure of a few bars.
  • the movable assembly comprises a metal cylinder or tube 5, serving as a movable arcing contact, terminated by a tip 5A made of an alloy resistant to the effects of the arcing.
  • the cylinder 5 is driven by a metal tube 6, for example made of aluminum, fixed to an operating rod, not shown. Tubes 5 and 6 are not attached to each other; on the contrary, a certain travel between them is possible; the drive is done by two steps 5B and 6B of the tubes 5 and 6. The travel is limited by a stop 6C.
  • a metal tube 7, concentric with the cylinder 5, serves as a movable main contact.
  • blowing nozzle 8 made of insulating material. It is in electrical contact with a metal block 9 made of aluminum for example, secured to the fixed assembly, by contact fingers 10.
  • the cylinder 5 and the tube 7 are joined by an insulating ring 12, pierced with holes 12A.
  • the volume 20 delimited by the tubes 5 and 7 is closed by a piston 14, made of an insulating material, for example polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the piston 14 is made semi-mobile relative to the fixed assembly. To this end, the piston 14 is integral with a portion of cylinder 15 terminated by a step 15A, which can slide along the inner wall of cylinder 7.
  • the stroke of the cylinder is limited by a stop on one end 16A forming a step of a cylinder 16 fixed to the block 9.
  • the piston 14 optionally comprises a valve 14A allowing the passage of gas only from the inside to the outside of the volume 20.
  • the piston 14 comprises a seal 18 and a guide 19.
  • the insulating block is guided in the annular space between the tubes 5 and 16 thanks to a portion 32A coming to bear against the tube 16.
  • This portion is provided with orifices 33 to allow the free passage of gas in the annular space 35 between the tube 16 and exhibits 31 and 32.
  • the insulating part 32 is provided with a latching system, for example with balls 36 and springs 37, cooperating with grooves 38 and 39 formed in the tube 5.
  • a stop 40 of the tube 16 limits the travel of the parts 31 and 32 .
  • the annular space 35 is closed by an insulating piston 42, fixed to the tube 5 and having a guide segment 43 and a valve 44 allowing the passage of gas only from the outside to the inside of the volume 35.
  • the tube 5 has holes 46 at its end.
  • the tube 6 has holes 47.
  • the part 9 carries a contact 48 cooperating with one end 49 of the tube 5 to place the tube 5 at the same potential as the rest of the moving assembly at the end of the opening stroke.
  • the circuit breaker works as follows: When the circuit breaker is closed (position in FIG. 1), the current flows through the fingers 2, the tube 7, the fingers 10 and the part 9.
  • the vacuum generated in the volume 35 causes the valve 44 to open and the pressure in the volume 35 to be maintained. There is therefore no loss of pneumatic energy by suction.
  • the arc 60 which is established between the contacts 30 and 31 either at the same time as the arc 50, either slightly before or slightly after, creates an overpressure sufficiently low to not move the piston 14 relative to the stop 16A.
  • the part 32A After a certain stroke, the part 32A abuts on the stop 40.
  • the tube 5 continuing its stroke, the balls 36 leave the groove 39 and come to be positioned on the groove 38 (FIG. 3) at the end of the opening maneuver.
  • the contact 48 puts the end 49 of the tube 5, and therefore the contact 31, at the potential of the part 9, of the tube 16 and therefore of the contact 30.
  • the tube 6 is actuated to the left of the figure.
  • the stop 6C drives the tube 5 and the contacts 30 and 31 come into contact, without creating an arc since they are at the same potential thanks to the contact of the parts 48 and 49.
  • the slight overpressure in the volume 35 is evacuated, by the holes 46 and 47 which coincide, towards the volume 70 inside the tube 5.
  • Figure 4 shows the circuit breaker being opened by moving the tube 6 to the right of the figure.
  • the arc 60 causes rapid heating of the volume 35 and of the volume 35B surrounded by the contacts 30, 31, the piston 22 and the cylinder 5.
  • the compression of the volume 20 then results not only from the displacement of the piston due to the movement of the movable assembly of the breaking chamber, but also from the relative displacement of the piston 14 relative to the movable assembly.
  • the overpressure in the volume 35 causes the valves 14A and 44 to close.
  • a second effect of the increase in pressure in volumes 35 and 35B is to exert a force on the insulating piston 42 and thus to make a contribution to the operating energy.
  • the hot gas of volume 35 passes through the orifices 33 of the part 32A.
  • the circuit breaker of the invention requires only a low operating energy for all the current values to be cut. For short-circuit currents, the blowing action is extremely energetic.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a circuit breaker in which the blast cylinder is delimited by a first cylinder (5) constituting the moving arcing contact, a second cylinder (7) constituting the fixed main contact, and a first piston (14) sliding between said first and second cylinders, said first piston being urged by a spring (17) to come into abutment against a part (16A) fixed to the fixed assembly, the cylinder (5) constituting the moving arcing contact and a tube (16) connected to the fixed assembly and coaxial with said cylinder together delimiting, on the other side of the piston (14) closing the blast cylinder, a variable volume (35, 35B) closed at one end by said first piston (14) and at its other end by an annular end piston (42) connected to said first cylinder (5) and sliding along said tube (16), said volume enclosing said secondary contacts, a first secondary contact (30) being fixed to said tube (16) and the second secondary contact (31) being entrained by said first cylinder (5).

Description

La présente invention est relative à un disjoncteur à haute tension dans lequel la chambre de coupure est remplie de gaz diélectrique, tel que l'héxafluorure de soufre, et dans lequel l'énergie de l'arc est utilisée, grâce à l'augmentation de pression qu'elle confère au gaz, pour réduire l'énergie nécessaire à la coupure.The present invention relates to a high voltage circuit breaker in which the breaking chamber is filled with dielectric gas, such as sulfur hexafluoride, and in which the energy of the arc is used, thanks to the increase in pressure it gives to gas, to reduce the energy required for cutting.

L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un disjoncteur possédant un cylindre de soufflage et une seconde chambre dans laquelle une paire de contacts supplémentaire est capable de générer, lors de l'ouverture du disjoncteur, un arc secondaire utilisé pour contribuer à apporter de l'énergie pour la manoeuvre d'ouverture
   Un tel disjoncteur est connu par exemple par le brevet français n° 2 610 763.The invention relates more particularly to a circuit breaker having a blowing cylinder and a second chamber in which an additional pair of contacts is capable of generating, when the circuit breaker is opened, a secondary arc used to help provide energy for the opening maneuver
Such a circuit breaker is known, for example, from French Patent No. 2,610,763.

Un problème à résoudre dans ce type de disjoncteur est que la pression reste faible dans le cylindre de soufflage pour la coupure des petits courants (faible énergie de manoeuvre) et que la pression soit élevée pour la coupure des courants importants sans augmenter pour autant l'énergie de manoeuvre.A problem to be solved in this type of circuit breaker is that the pressure remains low in the blowing cylinder for breaking small currents (low operating energy) and that the pressure is high for breaking large currents without increasing the maneuvering energy.

Un but de la présente invention est de réaliser un disjoncteur dans lequel l'énergie de manoeuvre reste faible même pour la coupure des courants de faible intensité. Un autre but de l'invention est de réaliser un disjoncteur dans lequel la pression de soufflage est fortement accrue lors de la coupure des courants de court-circuit.An object of the present invention is to provide a circuit breaker in which the operating energy remains low even for breaking low-intensity currents. Another object of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker in which the blowing pressure is greatly increased when the short-circuit currents are cut.

L'invention a pour objet un disjoncteur à haute tension à gaz diélectrique sous pression, du type comprenant au moins une chambre de coupure comportant une enveloppe isolante remplie dudit gaz à l'intérieur de laquelle sont placés un ensemble fixe comportant un contact principal fixe et un contact d'arc fixe, un ensemble mobile comportant notamment un contact principal mobile et un contact d'arc mobile, la chambre de coupure comportant en outre un cylindre de soufflage débouchant dans une buse de soufflage et une paire de contacts secondaires, caractérisé en ce que ledit cylindre de soufflage est délimité par un premier cylindre constituant le contact d'arc mobile, un second cylindre constituant le contact principal mobile et un premier piston coulissant entre ledit premier et ledit second cylindre, ledit premier piston étant rappelé par un ressort en butée contre une pièce solidaire de l'ensemble fixe, le premier cylindre constituant le contact d'arc mobile et un tube lié à l'ensemble fixe et coaxial au second cylindre précité délimitant, de l'autre côté du piston fermant le cylindre de soufflage, un volume variable fermé d'un côté par ledit premier piston et de l'autre par un piston annulaire d'extrémité lié audit premier cylindre et glissant le long dudit tube, ledit volume enfermant lesdits contacts secondaires, un premier contact secondaire étant solidaire dudit tube, le second contact secondaire étant entraîné par ledit premier cylindre.The subject of the invention is a high-voltage circuit breaker with pressurized dielectric gas, of the type comprising at least one breaking chamber comprising an insulating envelope filled with said gas inside which are placed a fixed assembly comprising a fixed main contact and a fixed arcing contact, a movable assembly comprising in particular a movable main contact and a movable arcing contact, the breaking chamber further comprising a blowing cylinder opening into a blowing nozzle and a pair of secondary contacts, characterized in that said blowing cylinder is delimited by a first cylinder constituting the movable arcing contact, a second cylinder constituting the movable main contact and a first piston sliding between said first and said second cylinder, said first piston being returned by a spring abutting against a part secured to the fixed assembly, the first cylinder constituting the movable arcing contact and a tube linked to the fixed assembly and coaxial with the aforementioned second cylinder delimiting, on the other side of the piston closing the blowing cylinder, a variable volume closed on one side by said first piston and on the other by an annular end piston linked to said first cylinder and sliding along said tube, said volume enclosing said secondary contacts , a first secondary contact being integral with said tube, the second secondary contact being driven by said first cylinder.

L'invention sera bien comprise par la description donnée ci-après d'un mode préféré de réalisation d'un disjoncteur selon l'invention dans lequel :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue partielle en demi-coupe axiale de la chambre de coupure d'un disjoncteur selon l'invention, en position enclenchée,
  • - la figure 2 est une vue similaire au cours d'une ouverture sur coupure de courant de faible intensité,
  • la figure 3 est une vue similaire montrant la fin de la manoeuvre d'ouverture,
  • - la figure 4 est une vue similaire illustrant l'ouverture sur courant de forte intensité.
The invention will be better understood from the description given below of a preferred embodiment of a circuit breaker according to the invention in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a partial view in axial half-section of the breaking chamber of a circuit breaker according to the invention, in the engaged position,
  • FIG. 2 is a similar view during an opening on a low current power cut,
  • FIG. 3 is a similar view showing the end of the opening maneuver,
  • - Figure 4 is a similar view illustrating the opening on high intensity current.

La figure 1 montre une chambre de coupure comprenant une enveloppe 1, en matériau isolant tel que la céramique, remplie d'un gaz diélectrique tel que l'héxafluorure de soufre sous une pression de quelques bars. A l'intérieur de l'enveloppe, on trouve un ensemble comprenant un contact principal fixe formé de doigts de contacts 2 protégés par un capot pare-effluves 3 et un contact d'arc formé d'un tube métallique 4 terminé par une extrémité 4A en alliage résistant aux effets de l'arc.FIG. 1 shows a breaking chamber comprising a casing 1, made of an insulating material such as ceramic, filled with a dielectric gas such as sulfur hexafluoride under a pressure of a few bars. Inside the envelope, there is an assembly comprising a fixed main contact formed by contact fingers 2 protected by a corona hood 3 and an arcing contact formed by a metal tube 4 terminated by one end 4A alloy resistant to the effects of the arc.

L'ensemble mobile comprend un cylindre ou tube 5, métallique, servant de contact d'arc mobile, terminé par un embout 5A en alliage résistant aux effets de l'arc.The movable assembly comprises a metal cylinder or tube 5, serving as a movable arcing contact, terminated by a tip 5A made of an alloy resistant to the effects of the arcing.

Le cylindre 5 est entraîné par un tube métallique 6, par exemple en aluminium, fixé à une tige de manoeuvre non représentée. Les tubes 5 et 6 ne sont pas fixés l'un à l'autre ; au contraire, un certain débattement entre eux est possible ; l'entraînement se fait grâce à deux redans 5B et 6B des tubes 5 et 6. Le débattement est limité par une butée 6C.The cylinder 5 is driven by a metal tube 6, for example made of aluminum, fixed to an operating rod, not shown. Tubes 5 and 6 are not attached to each other; on the contrary, a certain travel between them is possible; the drive is done by two steps 5B and 6B of the tubes 5 and 6. The travel is limited by a stop 6C.

Un tube métallique 7, concentrique au cylindre 5, sert de contact principal mobile.A metal tube 7, concentric with the cylinder 5, serves as a movable main contact.

Il porte une buse de soufflage 8 en matériau isolant. Il est en contact électrique avec un bloc métallique 9 en aluminium par exemple, solidaire de l'ensemble fixe, par des doigts de contact 10.It carries a blowing nozzle 8 made of insulating material. It is in electrical contact with a metal block 9 made of aluminum for example, secured to the fixed assembly, by contact fingers 10.

Le cylindre 5 et le tube 7 sont solidarisés par une couronne isolante 12, percée de trous 12A.The cylinder 5 and the tube 7 are joined by an insulating ring 12, pierced with holes 12A.

Le volume 20 délimité par les tubes 5 et 7 est fermé par un piston 14, en matériau isolant, par exemple le polytétrafluoroéthylène.The volume 20 delimited by the tubes 5 and 7 is closed by a piston 14, made of an insulating material, for example polytetrafluoroethylene.

Le piston 14 est rendu semi-mobile par rapport à l'ensemble fixe. A cet effet, le piston 14 est solidaire d'une portion de cylindre 15 terminé par un redan 15A, pouvant coulisser le long de la paroi intérieure du cylindre 7.The piston 14 is made semi-mobile relative to the fixed assembly. To this end, the piston 14 is integral with a portion of cylinder 15 terminated by a step 15A, which can slide along the inner wall of cylinder 7.

La course du cylindre est limitée par butée sur une extrémité 16A formant redan d'un cylindre 16 fixé au bloc 9.The stroke of the cylinder is limited by a stop on one end 16A forming a step of a cylinder 16 fixed to the block 9.

Un ressort 17, placé entre les redans 15A et 16A, maintient le piston 14 en appui sur la butée 16A.A spring 17, placed between the steps 15A and 16A, keeps the piston 14 in abutment on the stop 16A.

Le piston 14 comprend facultativement un clapet 14A n'autorisant le passage du gaz que de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur du volume 20. Le piston 14 comprend un joint d'étanchéité 18 et un guidage 19.The piston 14 optionally comprises a valve 14A allowing the passage of gas only from the inside to the outside of the volume 20. The piston 14 comprises a seal 18 and a guide 19.

Une paire de contact auxiliaire comprend :

  • un contact tubulaire fixe 30, muni d'une extrémité 30A en matériau résistant à l'arc, et fixé au tube 16,
  • un contact tubulaire 31, muni d'une extrémité d'usure 31A, fixé à un bloc de guidage en matériau isolant 32, et muni de contacts glissants 31B coopérant avec le tube 5.
A pair of auxiliary contacts includes:
  • a fixed tubular contact 30, provided with an end 30A of arc-resistant material, and fixed to the tube 16,
  • a tubular contact 31, provided with a wear end 31A, fixed to a guide block made of insulating material 32, and provided with sliding contacts 31B cooperating with the tube 5.

Le bloc isolant est guidé dans l'espace annulaire compris entre les tubes 5 et 16 grâce à une portion 32A venant en appui contre le tube 16.The insulating block is guided in the annular space between the tubes 5 and 16 thanks to a portion 32A coming to bear against the tube 16.

Cette portion est munie d'orifices 33 pour permettre le libre passage du gaz dans l'espace annulaire 35 compris entre le tube 16 et les pièces 31 et 32.This portion is provided with orifices 33 to allow the free passage of gas in the annular space 35 between the tube 16 and exhibits 31 and 32.

La pièce isolante 32 est munie d'un système d'encliquetage, par exemple à billes 36 et ressorts 37, coopérant avec des gorges 38 et 39 pratiquées dans le tube 5. Une butée 40 du tube 16 limite la course des pièces 31 et 32.The insulating part 32 is provided with a latching system, for example with balls 36 and springs 37, cooperating with grooves 38 and 39 formed in the tube 5. A stop 40 of the tube 16 limits the travel of the parts 31 and 32 .

L'espace annulaire 35 est fermé par un piston isolant 42, fixé au tube 5 et possédant un segment de guidage 43 et un clapet 44 n'autorisant le passage du gaz que de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur du volume 35.The annular space 35 is closed by an insulating piston 42, fixed to the tube 5 and having a guide segment 43 and a valve 44 allowing the passage of gas only from the outside to the inside of the volume 35.

Le tube 5 porte à son extrémité des trous 46. De même le tube 6 possède des trous 47.The tube 5 has holes 46 at its end. Similarly, the tube 6 has holes 47.

La pièce 9 porte un contact 48 coopérant avec une extrémité 49 du tube 5 pour placer le tube 5 au même potentiel que le reste de l'équipage mobile en fin de course d'ouverture.The part 9 carries a contact 48 cooperating with one end 49 of the tube 5 to place the tube 5 at the same potential as the rest of the moving assembly at the end of the opening stroke.

Le fonctionnement du disjoncteur est le suivant :
   Lorsque le disjoncteur est fermé (position de la figure 1), le courant passe par les doigts 2, le tube 7, les doigts 10 et la pièce 9.The circuit breaker works as follows:
When the circuit breaker is closed (position in FIG. 1), the current flows through the fingers 2, the tube 7, the fingers 10 and the part 9.

Coupure des faibles courantsCutting of weak currents

Il s'agit des courants inférieurs ou à peu près égaux au courant nominal de l'installation. A l'ouverture de disjoncteur (figure 2), l'ensemble mobile est entraîné par le tube 6. A la séparation des contacts un arc 50 jaillit entre les contacts d'arc 4 et 5. L'augmentation de pression dans la chambre 20 maintient le piston 14, avec l'action du ressort 17, en butée contre la pièce 16 ; la pression dans la chambre 20 reste constante et faible, toute surpression étant éliminée par l'ouverture du clapet 14A.These are currents less than or approximately equal to the nominal current of the installation. When the circuit breaker opens (FIG. 2), the mobile assembly is driven by the tube 6. When the contacts are separated, an arc 50 erupts between the arcing contacts 4 and 5. The increase in pressure in the chamber 20 maintains the piston 14, with the action of the spring 17, in abutment against the part 16; the pressure in the chamber 20 remains constant and low, any overpressure being eliminated by the opening of the valve 14A.

La dépression engendrée dans le volume 35 provoque l'ouverture du clapet 44 et le maintien de la pression dans le volume 35. Il n'y a donc pas de perte d'énergie pneumatique par succion.The vacuum generated in the volume 35 causes the valve 44 to open and the pressure in the volume 35 to be maintained. There is therefore no loss of pneumatic energy by suction.

L'arc 60, qui s'établit entre les contacts 30 et 31 soit en même temps que l'arc 50, soit légèrement avant, soit légèrement après, crée une surpression suffisamment faible pour ne pas déplacer le piston 14 par rapport à la butée 16A.The arc 60, which is established between the contacts 30 and 31 either at the same time as the arc 50, either slightly before or slightly after, creates an overpressure sufficiently low to not move the piston 14 relative to the stop 16A.

Avant que le courant ne soit coupé par l'action de la séparation des contacts, le courant passe par le contact 4, l'arc 50, le tube 5, les contacts 31B, le contact 31, l'arc 60, le contact 30, le tube 16 et la pièce 9.Before the current is cut by the action of the separation contacts, the current flows through contact 4, arc 50, tube 5, contacts 31B, contact 31, arc 60, contact 30, tube 16 and part 9.

Après une certaine course, la pièce 32A vient en butée sur la butée 40. Le tube 5 poursuivant sa course, les billes 36 quittent la gorge 39 et viennent se positionner sur la gorge 38 (figure 3) en fin de manoeuvre d'ouverture.
Le contact 48 met l'extrémité 49 du tube 5, et donc le contact 31, au potentiel de la pièce 9, du tube 16 et donc du contact 30.After a certain stroke, the part 32A abuts on the stop 40. The tube 5 continuing its stroke, the balls 36 leave the groove 39 and come to be positioned on the groove 38 (FIG. 3) at the end of the opening maneuver.
The contact 48 puts the end 49 of the tube 5, and therefore the contact 31, at the potential of the part 9, of the tube 16 and therefore of the contact 30.

Fermeture du disjoncteurBreaker closing

Le tube 6 est actionné vers la gauche de la figure. La butée 6C entraîne le tube 5 et les contacts 30 et 31 viennent en contact, sans création d'arc puisqu'ils sont au même potentiel grâce au contact des pièces 48 et 49. La légère surpression dans le volume 35 s'évacue, par les trous 46 et 47 qui viennent en coïncidence, vers le volume 70 intérieur au tube 5. Lorsque le contact 30 vient en butée contre le bloc portant le contact 31, les billes 36 quittent la gorge 38 pour revenir se placer sur la gorge 39 en fin de manoeuvre d'enclenchement.The tube 6 is actuated to the left of the figure. The stop 6C drives the tube 5 and the contacts 30 and 31 come into contact, without creating an arc since they are at the same potential thanks to the contact of the parts 48 and 49. The slight overpressure in the volume 35 is evacuated, by the holes 46 and 47 which coincide, towards the volume 70 inside the tube 5. When the contact 30 abuts against the block carrying the contact 31, the balls 36 leave the groove 38 to return to be placed on the groove 39 in end of switching operation.

En fin de manoeuvre de fermeture, on retrouve la configuration de la figure 1.At the end of the closing operation, we find the configuration of FIG. 1.

Coupure des courants de grande intensitéCutting of high intensity currents

Il s'agit des courants de court-circuit.These are short-circuit currents.

La figure 4 montre le disjoncteur en cours d'ouverture par déplacement du tube 6 vers la droite de la figure.Figure 4 shows the circuit breaker being opened by moving the tube 6 to the right of the figure.

L'arc 60, de très forte intensité, provoque un échauffement rapide du volume 35 et du volume 35B entouré par les contacts 30, 31, le piston 22 et le cylindre 5.The arc 60, of very high intensity, causes rapid heating of the volume 35 and of the volume 35B surrounded by the contacts 30, 31, the piston 22 and the cylinder 5.

Il en résulte une très rapide augmentation de pression des volumes 35 et 35B provoquant un déplacement du piston 14 contre l'action du ressort 17.This results in a very rapid increase in pressure of the volumes 35 and 35B causing a displacement of the piston 14 against the action of the spring 17.

La compression du volume 20 résulte alors non seulement du déplacement du piston dû au mouvement de l'ensemble mobile de la chambre de coupure, mais également du déplacement relatif du piston 14 par rapport à l'ensemble mobile.The compression of the volume 20 then results not only from the displacement of the piston due to the movement of the movable assembly of the breaking chamber, but also from the relative displacement of the piston 14 relative to the movable assembly.

La surpression dans le volume 35 provoque la fermeture des clapets 14A et 44.The overpressure in the volume 35 causes the valves 14A and 44 to close.

Le gaz de la chambre 20, ainsi doublement comprimé, produit un soufflage extrêmement énergique en s'échappant pas la buse 8.The gas from the chamber 20, thus doubly compressed, produces an extremely energetic blow by escaping from the nozzle 8.

Un deuxième effet de l'augmentation de pression dans les volumes 35 et 35B est d'exercer une force sur le piston isolant 42 et d'apporter ainsi une contribution à l'énergie de manoeuvre.A second effect of the increase in pressure in volumes 35 and 35B is to exert a force on the insulating piston 42 and thus to make a contribution to the operating energy.

Pour cela le gaz chaud du volume 35 passe à travers les orifices 33 de la pièce 32A.For this, the hot gas of volume 35 passes through the orifices 33 of the part 32A.

La refermeture du disjoncteur après une telle manoeuvre d'ouverture sur courant de forte intensité s'effectue comma il a été décrit précédemment sous le chapitre : fermeture du disjoncteur. Les trous 46 et 47 revenant en face l'un de l'autre, la surpression du volume 35 est évacuée dans le volume 70.The closing of the circuit breaker after such an opening operation on high current is carried out as described previously in the chapter: closing of the circuit breaker. The holes 46 and 47 returning opposite one another, the overpressure of volume 35 is evacuated in volume 70.

Le disjoncteur de l'invention ne nécessite qu'une faible énergie de manoeuvre pour toutes les valeurs de courant à couper. Pour les courants de court-circuit l'action de soufflage est extrêmement énergique.The circuit breaker of the invention requires only a low operating energy for all the current values to be cut. For short-circuit currents, the blowing action is extremely energetic.

Claims (7)

  1. A high tension circuit breaker having a dielectric gas under pressure, the circuit breaker being of the type including at least one circuit breaking chamber comprising an insulating envelope (1) filled with said gas and containing a fixed assembly comprising a fixed main contact (2) and a fixed arcing contact (4), and a moving assembly comprising in particular a moving main contact (7) and a moving arcing contact (5), the circuit-breaking chamber further including a pair of secondary contacts (30, 31) and a blast cylinder (20) opening out into a blast nozzle (8), the circuit breaker being characterized in that said blast cylinder is delimited by a first cylinder (5) constituting the moving arcing contact, a second cylinder (7) constituting the moving main contact, and a first piston (14) sliding between said first and second cylinders, said first piston being urged by a spring (17) to come into abutment against a part (16A) fixed to the fixed assembly, the first cylinder (5) constituting the moving arcing contact and a tube (16) connected to the fixed assembly and coaxial with the second cylinder together delimiting, on the other side of the piston (14) closing the blast cylinder, a variable volume (35, 35B) closed at one end by said first piston (14) and at its other end by an annular end piston (42) connected to said first cylinder (5) and sliding along said tube (16), said volume enclosing said secondary contacts, a first secondary contact (30) being fixed to said tube (16) and the second secondary contact (31) being entrained by said first cylinder (5).
  2. A circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the second secondary contact (31) is constrained to move between first and second fixed positions along the first cylinder (5) constituting the moving arcing contact.
  3. A circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that the second secondary contact (31) is provided with snap engagement means (36, 37) cooperating with grooves (38, 39) formed in the first cylinder (5) constituting the moving arcing contact in order to hold said second secondary contact in said fixed positions.
  4. A circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fixed assembly carries a contact (48) making contact with the first cylinder (5) constituting the moving arcing contact when the circuit breaker is opened.
  5. A circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the piston (14) closing the blast cylinder (20) includes a non-return valve (17) allowing gas to flow outwards only from said cylinder.
  6. A circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said annular end piston (42) includes a non-return valve (44) allowing gas to flow inwards only into the volume (35, 35B) containing the secondary contacts (30, 31).
  7. A circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first cylinder (5) constituting the moving arcing contact is connected to a drive tube (6) with a degree of lost motion so as to enable holes (46) formed through said cylinder constituting the moving arcing contact to be put into coincidence, when the circuit breaker is reclosed, with holes (47) through said drive tube (6) in order to evacuate the excess pressure inside the volume (35) containing the secondary contacts (30, 31).
EP89116944A 1988-09-16 1989-09-13 High-tension circuit breaker using a dielectric gas for blasting Expired - Lifetime EP0359224B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89116944T ATE98811T1 (en) 1988-09-16 1989-09-13 HIGH VOLTAGE BREAKING GAS DIELECTRICAL SWITCH.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8812115 1988-09-16
FR8812115A FR2639147B1 (en) 1988-09-16 1988-09-16 HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH DIELECTRIC GAS USED FOR BLOWING

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0359224A1 EP0359224A1 (en) 1990-03-21
EP0359224B1 true EP0359224B1 (en) 1993-12-15

Family

ID=9370074

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89116944A Expired - Lifetime EP0359224B1 (en) 1988-09-16 1989-09-13 High-tension circuit breaker using a dielectric gas for blasting

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US4945197A (en)
EP (1) EP0359224B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2837188B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1018683B (en)
AT (1) ATE98811T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8904656A (en)
CA (1) CA1317619C (en)
DE (1) DE68911440T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2047078T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2639147B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2647255B1 (en) * 1989-05-17 1993-04-23 Alsthom Gec HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH BLOWING DIELECTRIC GAS
FR2647949B1 (en) * 1989-05-31 1994-02-18 Gec Alsthom Sa HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH SUPPLY DIELECTRIC GAS
FR2661549B1 (en) * 1990-04-25 1996-07-19 Alsthom Gec MEDIUM OR HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH ARC-END CONTACTORS.
DE4041702C1 (en) * 1990-12-24 1992-04-09 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt, De
FR2715499B1 (en) * 1994-01-25 1996-03-15 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Self-blowing circuit breaker with pneumatically locked piston.
FR2756413B1 (en) * 1996-11-28 1998-12-31 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa SEMI-MOBILE PISTON CIRCUIT BREAKER
EP1973133A3 (en) * 2007-03-22 2009-11-11 Korea Electro Technology Research Institute Circuit breaker using arc contact
FR2922043B1 (en) * 2007-10-03 2009-12-11 Areva T & D Sa BREAKER BREAKER CHAMBER WITH DOUBLE VOLUME OF COMPRESSION
CN101825894B (en) * 2010-04-30 2012-07-18 北京航空航天大学 SF6 high-voltage circuit breaker state intelligent monitoring and health management system
CN102592876B (en) * 2012-03-01 2014-10-01 广东金晖隆开关有限公司 Air blowing arc extinguishing load switch
FR3039924B1 (en) * 2015-08-07 2019-05-10 Supergrid Institute MECHANICAL CUTTING APPARATUS OF AN ELECTRIC CIRCUIT

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2349263C2 (en) * 1973-10-01 1982-08-26 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Electric pressure gas switch
DE3141324C2 (en) * 1981-10-17 1986-02-06 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie., Baden, Aargau Circuit breaker
FR2610763B1 (en) * 1987-02-09 1989-04-28 Alsthom LOW ENERGY MANEUVER CIRCUIT BREAKER
FR2619246B1 (en) * 1987-08-03 1989-11-17 Alsthom HIGH OR MEDIUM VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER UNDER PRESSURE WITH CURING ENERGY TAKEN FROM THE ARC

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1018683B (en) 1992-10-14
DE68911440T2 (en) 1994-04-07
EP0359224A1 (en) 1990-03-21
FR2639147A1 (en) 1990-05-18
FR2639147B1 (en) 1990-12-14
CN1041239A (en) 1990-04-11
DE68911440D1 (en) 1994-01-27
US4945197A (en) 1990-07-31
ATE98811T1 (en) 1994-01-15
BR8904656A (en) 1990-04-24
CA1317619C (en) 1993-05-11
JPH02121219A (en) 1990-05-09
ES2047078T3 (en) 1994-02-16
JP2837188B2 (en) 1998-12-14

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