EP0302390B1 - High or medium voltage gas blast circuit breaker with opening energy taken from the arc energy - Google Patents
High or medium voltage gas blast circuit breaker with opening energy taken from the arc energy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0302390B1 EP0302390B1 EP88112228A EP88112228A EP0302390B1 EP 0302390 B1 EP0302390 B1 EP 0302390B1 EP 88112228 A EP88112228 A EP 88112228A EP 88112228 A EP88112228 A EP 88112228A EP 0302390 B1 EP0302390 B1 EP 0302390B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- arc
- contacts
- circuit breaker
- auxiliary
- piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/7007—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid wherein the flow is a function of the current being interrupted
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
- H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
- H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
- H01H33/903—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc and assisting the operating mechanism
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a high or medium voltage circuit breaker with pressurized dielectric gas, the breaking energy of which is, for the breaking of high currents, partially drawn from that of the arc.
- Circuit breakers comprising a arc blowing piston, the operating energy of which is provided at least partially by the gas, the pressure of which increases under the effect of the temperature increase produced by the arc.
- circuit breaker is for example described in American patent 3,985,988.
- An object of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker with arc blowing by piston, in which a second arc, increasing the force exerted on the piston, is only established when the current to be cut is large (short current -circuit for example) this auxiliary arc is not established when the current to be cut is low (inductive current, no-load breaking).
- German patent DE-C-1029449 describes an oil circuit breaker which, in order to limit the maximum possible pressure inside the device, does not authorize the separation of the auxiliary contacts only when the pressure in the blowing zone is less than a predetermined threshold.
- the circuit breaker of Figure 1 comprises an outer casing 1, made of ceramic delimiting a volume 2 filled with a dielectric gas such as sulfur hexafluoride, under a pressure of a few bars.
- a dielectric gas such as sulfur hexafluoride
- a metal part comprising a first cylindrical portion 5a coaxial with the envelope, a disc part 5b perpendicular to the axis 6 of the envelope and a second cylindrical part 5c of diameter less than the diameter of the part 5a.
- the disc part comprises preferably circular orifices 5d, regularly distributed towards the edge of the disc, for example three orifices at 120 degrees from one another.
- the cylindrical part 5c has a thicker end 5e pierced with orifices 5f converging towards the axis 6.
- the part 8 carries orifices 8b in coincidence with the orifices 5f to define blowing passages.
- the orifices 5d pass rods 9 fixed by a first end to a ring 10 sliding in the cylinder 5a and pushed by a spring 11 bearing on the flange.
- the second end of the rods 9 carries a piston 12 which is extended on the one hand by a metal cylinder 13 surrounding the cylinder 5a, on the other hand by an insulating cylinder 14 terminated by a bulged part 14a.
- Parts 12, 14, 5c and 8 define a volume V1.
- the cylinder 5a is extended by a metal part 15 provided with an annular portion 16 constituting a fixed piston sliding along the cylinder 13.
- the volume delimited by the parts 16, 13, 12, 5c and 5b is designated by V2.
- the pistons 12 and 16 are pierced with orifices referenced respectively 12a and 16a associated with movable valves 12b and 16b.
- a metal tube 18 terminated by an annular shoulder 18a.
- a cylindrical assembly comprising a first metal cylinder 19 extended by a second insulating cylinder 20 itself extended by a third metal cylinder 21, terminated by an end 21a of metal or alloy resistant to arc wear and constituting one of the main arcing contacts.
- the cylinder 21 extends from the side opposite the end 21a by a cylindrical part external to the cylinder 20 and terminated by a portion 21c constituting one of the auxiliary arcing contacts.
- the other auxiliary arcing contact is a metal part 22 pushed by a spring 23 bearing on the shoulder 18a, provided with a resistant end 22a.
- the cylinder 5c has, at the right of the auxiliary arcing contacts, large openings 18b.
- An insulating cylinder 24 is fixed to the contact 23. This cylinder has openings 24a putting the contact area 21c, 22a in connection with the volume V2 through the openings 18b.
- the cylinder 24 has an annular part 24b provided with a sliding contact closing the volume V2 by sliding on the cylinder 22.
- the end of the cylinder 24 has a bulged portion 24c closing the annular space between the cylinders 21 and 5c and constituting a piston.
- the section of this annular space is greater than the section between the part 21 and the end of the part 5e.
- the mobile assembly of the circuit breaker comprises a tube 25 with an end 25a resistant to the arc and constituting the movable main arc contact, as well as fingers 26 associated with springs 27 and protected by a cover 28 and constituting the main contact. fixed.
- the movable contacts 25 and 26 are connected as is well known to a second outlet not shown.
- the cover 28 pushes the part 14, which causes the compression of the spring 11.
- the main contacts 26 and 8a ensure the passage of the permanent current through the socket 4, the flange 3, the cylindrical part 5a, 5b, 5c, 5e, contact 8a and contact 26.
- the main arcing contacts 25a-21a and the auxiliary arcing contacts 22a-21c are in contact, the spring 23 can be slack or bandaged.
- the circuit breaker works as follows:
- the moving part is moved by the operating rod down the figure.
- the movement causes the separation of the auxiliary arcing contacts 22a and 21c, causing the creation of a secondary arcing; the current then flows through parts 4, 3, 5a, 5d, 18, 18a, 19, 22, arc 31, 21c, 21, 21a, arc 30, 25a and 25.
- the arc 31 causes a strong rise in the pressure in the volume V2, which increases the pressure on the piston 12 which, acting on the large surface S4 thus contributes to increasing the blowing of the primary arc 30 by the gas of volume V1.
- valve 12b remains closed, since it has a larger surface on the side of the volume V1 than on the side of the volume V2.
- the valve 16b opens and prevents a depression of the volume V2.
- the arc 30 has insufficient energy for the increase in pressure it generates to be sufficient to move the part 24 against the action of the spring.
- the energy contained in the spring 11 is sufficient to ensure, by its action on the piston 12, a correct blowing of the arc 30.
- Decompression holes 21b in the part 21 and 18b in the part 18 make it possible to equalize the pressures and reduce the energy required to close the circuit breaker.
- the current threshold to be cut from which the secondary arc is established is adjusted by the force of the spring 23.
- blowing piston and the auxiliary arcing contacts belong to the fixed parts of the circuit breaker.
- FIG. 3 represents a circuit breaker in which the blowing piston and the auxiliary arcing contacts belong to the mobile assembly.
- FIGS. 1 and 3 The elements functionally common in FIGS. 1 and 3 have been given the same reference numbers.
- the spring 11 now rests in a groove 5g of the part 5a-5b-5c which is guided in a fixed tube 33.
- the blowing piston 12 is not coupled to the movable contact.
- the mass of the moving part being greater than that of the moving part of the circuit breaker according to FIG. 1, the solution of FIG. 1 will often be preferred to that of FIG. 3.
- pre-striking may occur for high nominal voltages during the closing (closing) phase of the circuit breaker.
- Pre-ignition causes the opening of the secondary arcing contacts, causing an arcing which increases the pressure in the volume V2. It is therefore necessary to provide a means of evacuating the gas from this volume to volume V1, failing which the closing of the circuit breaker could not take place.
- FIG 4 is a partial view of the circuit breaker of the invention, in which the elements common to Figures 1 and 4 have been given the same reference numbers.
- the circuit breaker has the following characteristics: the cylinder 14 is made movable relative to the cylinder 13 by means of a spring 40 which is supported on a step 13a of the part 13.
- the cylinder 13 is pierced with radial holes 13b; it is the same for the part 14, which has radial orifices 14b, situated so that, by the relative sliding of the parts 13 and 14, the orifices 13b can come into coincidence with the orifices 14b.
- the holes 13b and 14b are also located relative to each other so that when the circuit breaker is open or being opened ( Figure 4), these holes are not in coincidence, which leaves the volume V2 closed.
- the stroke of the part 14 can be limited by a pin 13c secured to the cylinder 13 cooperating with a light 14c of the part 14.
- Figure 6 is a partial view in axial half-section of a circuit breaker according to an alternative embodiment.
- auxiliary contact 22 and the part 24 are fixed and integral with the part 5a.
- the second auxiliary contact, now referenced 45 slides in a housing 24c of the part 24, under the action of a piston 46, one face 46a of which is placed in communication with the zone of the main arc by grooves.
- a spring 47 allows the contact 45 to be recalled.
- the latter is provided with sliding contacts 45a ensuring the passage of current between the contact 45 and the main arcing contact.
Abstract
Description
La présente invention est relative à un disjoncteur à haute ou moyenne tension à gaz diélectrique sous pression dont l'énergie de coupure est, pour la coupure des courants de forte intensité, partiellement prélevée sur celle de l'arc.The present invention relates to a high or medium voltage circuit breaker with pressurized dielectric gas, the breaking energy of which is, for the breaking of high currents, partially drawn from that of the arc.
On connaît des disjoncteurs comprenant un piston de soufflage de l'arc dont l'énergie de manoeuvre est assurée au moins partiellement par le gaz dont la pression augmente sous l'effet de l'augmentation de température produite par l'arc.Circuit breakers are known comprising a arc blowing piston, the operating energy of which is provided at least partially by the gas, the pressure of which increases under the effect of the temperature increase produced by the arc.
Un tel disjoncteur est décrit dans le brevet français n° 77 19086.Such a circuit breaker is described in French patent n ° 77 19086.
Il a été proposé d'augmenter encore la pression à laquelle est soumis le piston en équipant le disjoncteur d'un jeu d'électrodes assurant la formation d'un second arc s'établissant en même temps que le premier.It has been proposed to further increase the pressure to which the piston is subjected by equipping the circuit breaker with a set of electrodes ensuring the formation of a second arc being established at the same time as the first.
Un tel disjoncteur est par exemple décrit dans le brevet américain 3 985 988.Such a circuit breaker is for example described in American patent 3,985,988.
On a observé toutefois qu'un tel disjoncteur présente des inconvénients.However, it has been observed that such a circuit breaker has drawbacks.
En effet, la multiplication des zones d'arc entraîne une augmention du risque de réamorçage après une manoeuvre d'ouverture du disjoncteur. En particulier, il est inutile d'avoir un second arc pour la coupure des faibles courants, en particulier des faibles courants inductifs.In fact, the multiplication of arcing zones leads to an increase in the risk of restriking after an opening operation of the circuit breaker. In particular, it is unnecessary to have a second arc for breaking low currents, in particular low inductive currents.
Un but de l'invention est de réaliser un disjoncteur à soufflage d'arc par piston, dans lequel un second arc, venant accroître la force exercée sur le piston, n'est établi que lorsque le courant à couper est important (courant de court-circuit par exemple) cet arc auxiliaire ne s'établissant pas lorsque le courant à couper est faible (courant inductif, coupure à vide).An object of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker with arc blowing by piston, in which a second arc, increasing the force exerted on the piston, is only established when the current to be cut is large (short current -circuit for example) this auxiliary arc is not established when the current to be cut is low (inductive current, no-load breaking).
L'invention a pour objet un disjoncteur à haute ou moyenne tension, à gaz sous pression et à énergie de coupure prélevée sur celle de l'arc, du type comprenant :
- un ensemble fixe comprenant des contacts principaux et des contacts d'arc,
- un ensemble mobile comprenant des contacts principaux et des contacts d'arc,
- un volume de soufflage comportant un piston se déplaçant à la séparation des contacts et poussant du gaz comprimé à travers une buse de soufflage s'ouvrant sur la zone où se forme un arc principal à la séparation des contacts d'arc et
- un jeu de contacts auxiliaires en série avec les contacts d'arc pour créer un arc auxiliaire dans le volume situé à l'arrière du piston,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens pour n'autoriser la séparation des contacts auxiliaires que lorsque la pression dans la zone de soufflage monte au-delà d'un seuil prédéterminé.
- a fixed assembly comprising main contacts and contacts bow,
- a mobile assembly comprising main contacts and arcing contacts,
- a blowing volume comprising a piston moving at the separation of the contacts and pushing compressed gas through a blowing nozzle opening on the zone where a main arc is formed at the separation of the arcing contacts and
- a set of auxiliary contacts in series with the arcing contacts to create an auxiliary arc in the volume located at the rear of the piston,
characterized in that it comprises means for authorizing the separation of the auxiliary contacts only when the pressure in the blowing zone rises above a predetermined threshold.
A propos de l'atteinte d'un seuil pression, on peut signaler que le brevet allemand DE-C-1029449 décrit un disjoncteur à huile qui, dans le but de limiter la pression maximale possible a l'intériur du dispositif, n'autorise la séparation des contacts auxliaires que lorsque la pression dans la zone de soufflage est inférieure à un seuil prédéterminé.Regarding the achievement of a pressure threshold, it can be noted that the German patent DE-C-1029449 describes an oil circuit breaker which, in order to limit the maximum possible pressure inside the device, does not authorize the separation of the auxiliary contacts only when the pressure in the blowing zone is less than a predetermined threshold.
L'invention est précisée par la description ci-après de plusieurs exemples de sa mise en oeuvre.The invention is clarified by the following description of several examples of its implementation.
Le dessin annexé comprend les figures ci-après :
- La figure 1 est une vue en demi-coupe axiale d'un disjoncteur selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, position enclenchée,
- La figure 2 est une vue en demi-coupe axiale du même disjoncteur représenté au cours d'une manoeuvre de déclenchement,
- La figure 3 est une vue en demi-coupe axiale d'un disjoncteur selon un second mode de réalisation représenté au cours d'une manoeuvre de déclenchement,
- La figure 4 est une vue partielle en coupe axiale d'un disjoncteur selon un mode de réalisation voisin de celui de la figure 1, en position déclenchée.
- La figure 5 est la même vue partielle mais représentée au cours d'une manoeuvre d'enclenchement.
- La figure 6 est une vue partielle en coupe axiale d'un disjoncteur selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention.
- FIG. 1 is a view in axial half-section of a circuit breaker according to a first embodiment of the invention, position engaged,
- FIG. 2 is a view in axial half-section of the same circuit breaker shown during a tripping operation,
- FIG. 3 is a view in axial half-section of a circuit breaker according to a second embodiment shown during a tripping operation,
- Figure 4 is a partial view in axial section of a circuit breaker according to an embodiment similar to that of Figure 1, in the tripped position.
- Figure 5 is the same partial view but shown during an engagement maneuver.
- Figure 6 is a partial view in axial section of a circuit breaker according to a third embodiment of the invention.
Le disjoncteur de la figure 1 comprend une enveloppe extérieure 1, en céramique délimitant un volume 2 rempli d'un gaz diélectrique tel que l'hexafluorure de soufre, sous une pression de quelques bars.The circuit breaker of Figure 1 comprises an
Un flasque métallique 3 relié à une prise de courant 4, ferme une extrémité de l'enveloppe.A metal flange 3 connected to a socket 4, closes one end of the envelope.
A ce flasque est fixée une pièce métallique comprenant une première portion cylindrique 5a coaxiale à l'enveloppe, une partie discale 5b perpendiculaire à l'axe 6 de l'enveloppe et une seconde partie cylindrique 5c de diamètre inférieur au diamètre de la partie 5a. La partie discale comprend des orifices de préférence circulaires 5d, régulièrement répartis vers le bord du disque, par exemple trois orifices à 120 degrés l'un de l'autre.To this flange is fixed a metal part comprising a first
La partie cylindrique 5c présente une extrémité 5e plus épaisse percée d'orifices 5f convergeant vers l'axe 6.The
A cette extrémité sont fixés, une buse isolante 7 et une pièce métallique 8 à extrémité tubulaire 8a constituant le contact permanent fixe du disjoncteur. La pièce 8 porte des orifices 8b en coincidence avec les orifices 5f pour définir des passages de soufflage. Par les orifices 5d passent des tiges 9 fixées par une première extrémité à une bague 10 coulissant dans le cylindre 5a et poussée par un ressort 11 s'appuyant sur le flasque. La seconde extrémité des tiges 9 porte un piston 12 qui se prolonge d'une part par un cylindre métallique 13 entourant le cylindre 5a, d'autre part par un cylindre isolant 14 terminé par une partie renflée 14a.At this end are fixed, an
Les pièces 12, 14, 5c et 8 définissent un volume V1.
Le cylindre 5a se prolonge par une pièce métallique 15 munie d'une portion annulaire 16 constituant un piston fixe coulissant le long du cylindre 13. On désigne par V2 le volume délimité par les pièces 16, 13, 12, 5c et 5b.The
Les pistons 12 et 16 sont percés d'orifices référencés respectivement 12a et 16a associés à des clapets mobiles 12b et 16b.The
A la partie discale 5b est fixé un tube métallique 18 terminé par un épaulement annulaire 18a.To the
A cet épaulement est fixée un ensemble cylindrique comprenant un premier cylindre métallique 19 prolongé par un second cylindre isolant 20 lui-même prolongé par un troisième cylindre 21 métallique, terminé par une extrémité 21a en métal ou alliage résistant à l'usure de l'arc et constituant l'un des contacts d'arc principaux.To this shoulder is attached a cylindrical assembly comprising a
Le cylindre 21 se prolonge du côté opposé à l'extrémité 21a par une partie cylindrique extérieure au cylindre 20 et terminée par une portion 21c constituant un des contacts auxiliaire d'arc.The
L'autre contact auxiliaire d'arc est une pièce métallique 22 poussée par un ressort 23 s'appuyant sur l'épaulement 18a, munie d'une extrémité résistante 22a.The other auxiliary arcing contact is a
Le cylindre 5c présente, au droit des contacts d'arc auxiliaires, de larges ouvertures 18b.The
Un cylindre isolant 24 est fixé au contact 23. Ce cylindre présente des ouvertures 24a mettant la zone des contacts 21c, 22a en liaison avec le volume V2 à travers les ouvertures 18b.An insulating
Le cylindre 24 présente une partie annulaire 24b munie d'un contact glissant fermant le volume V2 par glissement sur le cylindre 22.The
L'extrémité du cylindre 24 présente une partie renflée 24c fermant l'espace annulaire compris entre les cylindres 21 et 5c et constituant un piston.The end of the
La section de cet espace annulaire est supérieure à la section entre la pièce 21 et l'extrémité de la pièce 5e.The section of this annular space is greater than the section between the
L'équipage mobile du disjoncteur comprend un tube 25 avec une extrémité 25a résistante à l'arc et constituant le contact principal mobile d'arc, ainsi que des doigts 26 associés à des ressorts 27 et protégés par un capot 28 et constituant le contact principal fixe.The mobile assembly of the circuit breaker comprises a
Les contacts mobiles 25 et 26 sont reliés comme il est bien connue à une seconde prise de courant non représentée.The
Ils sont déplaçables en bloc grâce à une tringle de manoeuvre non représentée.They can be moved as a whole thanks to an operating rod not shown.
En position enclenchée, le capot 28 repousse la pièce 14, ce qui provoque la mise en compression du ressort 11. Les contacts principaux 26 et 8a assurent le passage du courant permanent à travers la prise 4, le flasque 3, la pièce cylindrique 5a, 5b, 5c, 5e, le contact 8a et le contact 26.In the engaged position, the
Les contacts d'arc principaux 25a-21a et les contacts d'arc auxiliaire 22a-21c sont en contact, le ressort 23 peut être détendu ou bandé.The
Le fonctionnement du disjoncteur est le suivant :The circuit breaker works as follows:
L'équipage mobile est déplacé par la tringle de manoeuvre vers le bas de la figure.The moving part is moved by the operating rod down the figure.
Les contacts principaux 26 et 8a se séparent, puis les contacts d'arc principaux 25a 21a se séparent à leur tour provoquant la naissance d'un arc primaire 30 (figure 2).The
Lorsque le capot 28 s'est déplacé, la pièce 14 a suivi le mouvement sous l'action du ressort 11 ; il en est résulté un déplacement du piston 12 comprimant le volume V1 et poussant du gaz de soufflage sur l'arc 30 à travers les canaux 8b-5f.When the
L'augmentation de pression dans la zone voisine de l'arc primaire 30 entraîne un déplacement de la pièce 24 contre l'action du ressort 23 (vers le haut de la figure). Cette pression s'exerce sur la section comprise entre la pièce 21 et l'extrémité de la pièce 5e puis, dès que la pièce 24 s'est déplacée, sur la section de l'espace annulaire compris entre les cylindres 21 et 5c.The increase in pressure in the area adjacent to the
Le mouvement entraîne la séparation des contacts auxiliaires d'arc 22a et 21c, provoquant la naissance d'un arc secondaire ; le courant passe alors par les pièces 4, 3, 5a, 5d, 18, 18a, 19, 22, l'arc 31, 21c, 21, 21a, l'arc 30, 25a et 25.The movement causes the separation of the
L'arc 31 provoque une forte montée de la pression dans le volume V2, ce qui accroît la pression sur le piston 12 qui, s'exerçant sur la large surface S4 contribue ainsi à augmenter le soufflage de l'arc primaire 30 par le gaz du volume V1.The
On notera que pendant la phase d'ouverture du disjoncteur, le clapet 12b reste fermé, car il présente une surface plus grande du côté du volume V1 que du côté du volume V2. Le clapet 16b s'ouvre et évite une dépression du volume V2.Note that during the opening phase of the circuit breaker, the
Lors de l'apparition de l'arc secondaire la surpression le ferme.When the secondary arc appears, the overpressure closes it.
Au passage par zéro du courant, les arcs s'éteignent et le ressort 23 ramène le contact 22a au contact du contact 21c. Des trous calibrés non représentés assurent l'évacuation de la pression du volume V2 en fin de manoeuvre de déclenchement.When the current crosses zero, the arcs are extinguished and the
L'arc 30 a une énergie insuffisante pour que l'augmentation de pression qu'il engendre soit suffisante pour déplacer la pièce 24 contre l'action du ressort.The
Il n'y a donc pas d'arc secondaire et donc pas de risque de réamorçage engendrant des surtensions en cascade.There is therefore no secondary arc and therefore no risk of re-ignition generating cascade overvoltages.
L'énergie contenue dans le ressort 11 suffit à assurer, par son action sur le piston 12, un soufflage correct de l'arc 30.The energy contained in the
A la fermeture du disjoncteur, produite par le déplacement vers le haut de la figure de l'équipage mobile, le capot 28 repousse la pièce 14 contre l'action du ressort 11. Le clapet 12b s'ouvre et le clapet 16b se ferme, ce qui assure le remplissage du volume V1 depuis le volume V2.When the circuit breaker closes, produced by the upward movement of the figure of the moving assembly, the
Des trous de décompression 21b dans la pièce 21 et 18b dans la pièce 18 permettent d'égaliser les pressions et de réduire l'énergie nécessaire à la fermeture du disjoncteur.Decompression holes 21b in the
Dans le mode de réalisation qui vient d'être décrit le seuil de courant à couper à partir duquel l'arc secondaire s'établit, est réglé par la force du ressort 23.In the embodiment which has just been described, the current threshold to be cut from which the secondary arc is established is adjusted by the force of the
On pourra donc utiliser le disjoncteur en haute ou moyenne tension et régler aisément les seuils de fonctionnement désirés.We can therefore use the circuit breaker in high or medium voltage and easily set the desired operating thresholds.
Dans l'exemple de réalisation des figures 1 et 2, le piston de soufflage et les contacts d'arc auxiliaires appartiennent aux parties fixes du disjoncteur.In the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, the blowing piston and the auxiliary arcing contacts belong to the fixed parts of the circuit breaker.
La figure 3 représente un disjoncteur dans laquelle le piston de soufflage et les contacts d'arc auxilaire appartiennent à l'équipage mobile.FIG. 3 represents a circuit breaker in which the blowing piston and the auxiliary arcing contacts belong to the mobile assembly.
Les éléments fonctionnellement communs aux figures 1 et 3 ont reçu les mêmes numéros de référence.The elements functionally common in FIGS. 1 and 3 have been given the same reference numbers.
En haut de la figure, les contacts 25-25a et 26-27-28 sont fixes ; le reste des parties de la figure appartiennent à l'équipage mobile.At the top of the figure, the contacts 25-25a and 26-27-28 are fixed; the rest of the parts of the figure belong to the moving assembly.
Le ressort 11 s'appuie maintenant dans une gorge 5g de la pièce 5a-5b-5c qui est guidée dans un tube fixe 33.The
Le piston de soufflage 12 n'est pas couplé au contact mobile.The
Le fonctionnement est identique à celui décrit en référence aux figures 1 et 2, l'énergie de soufflage de l'arc produit par les faibles courants étant toujours assurée par le ressort 11.The operation is identical to that described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the blowing energy of the arc produced by the low currents being always provided by the
La masse de l'équipage mobile étant supérieure à celle de l'équipage mobile du disjoncteur selon la figure 1, on préférera souvent la solution de la figure 1 à celle de la figure 3.The mass of the moving part being greater than that of the moving part of the circuit breaker according to FIG. 1, the solution of FIG. 1 will often be preferred to that of FIG. 3.
Dans les disjoncteurs du type décrit précédemment, il peut survenir, pour des tensions nominales élevées, un préamorçage pendant la phase de fermeture (enclenchement) du disjoncteur.In circuit breakers of the type described above, pre-striking may occur for high nominal voltages during the closing (closing) phase of the circuit breaker.
Le préamorçage entraîne l'ouverture des contacts d'arc secondaires, provoquant un arc qui accroît la pression dans le volume V2. Il est donc nécessaire de prévoir un moyen d'évacuer le gaz de ce volume vers le volume V1, faute de quoi la fermeture du disjoncteur ne pourrait avoir lieu.Pre-ignition causes the opening of the secondary arcing contacts, causing an arcing which increases the pressure in the volume V2. It is therefore necessary to provide a means of evacuating the gas from this volume to volume V1, failing which the closing of the circuit breaker could not take place.
La figure 4 est une vue partielle du disjoncteur de l'invention, dans laquelle les éléments communs aux figures 1 et 4 ont reçu les mêmes numéros de référence.Figure 4 is a partial view of the circuit breaker of the invention, in which the elements common to Figures 1 and 4 have been given the same reference numbers.
On notera cette fois que le ressort 11a de manoeuvre du piston 12, s'appuie sur un épaulement annulaire 5h de la pièce 5a.It will be noted this time that the
Pour permettre l'évacuation du gaz du volume V2 lors de l'enclenchement, le disjoncteur présente les caractéristiques ci-après : le cylindre 14 est rendu mobile par rapport au cylindre 13 grâce à un ressort 40 qui s'appuie sur un redan 13a de la pièce 13. Le cylindre 13 est percé d'orifices radiaux 13b ; il en est de même de la pièce 14, qui présente des orifices radiaux 14b, situés de manière que, par le coulissement relatif des pièces 13 et 14, les orifices 13b puissent venir en coincidence avec les orifices 14b.To allow the evacuation of the gas from volume V2 during switching on, the circuit breaker has the following characteristics: the
Les orifices 13b et 14b sont en outre situés l'un par rapport à l'autre de manière que lorsque le disjoncteur est ouvert ou en cours d'ouverture (figure 4), ces orifices ne soient pas en coincidence, ce qui laisse le volume V2 fermé.The
Lorsque le disjoncteur est en cours de fermeture (figure 5), le capot 28 repousse la pièce 14 contre l'action du ressort 40.When the circuit breaker is being closed (FIG. 5), the
Les orifices 13b et 14b viennent alors en coincidence, ce qui permet d'évacuer, le cas échéant, la surpression due à l'arc secondaire 31.The
Bien entendu la force du ressort 40 est bien inférieure à celle du ressort 11a.Of course the force of the
La course de la pièce 14 peut être limitée par un pion 13c solidaire du cylindre 13 coopérant avec une lumière 14c de la pièce 14.The stroke of the
La figure 6 est une vue partielle en demi-coupe axiale d'un disjoncteur selon une variante de réalisation.Figure 6 is a partial view in axial half-section of a circuit breaker according to an alternative embodiment.
Les éléments communs aux figures 1, 4 et 6 ont reçu les mêmes numéros de référence.The elements common to Figures 1, 4 and 6 have been given the same reference numbers.
Dans cette variante, le contact auxiliaire 22 ainsi que la pièce 24 sont fixes et solidaires de la pièce 5a.In this variant, the
Le second contact auxiliaire, référencé maintenant 45 coulisse dans un logement 24c de la pièce 24, sous l'action d'un piston 46 dont une face 46a est mise en communication avec la zone de l'arc principal par des rainures. Un ressort 47 permet le rappel du contact 45. Ce dernier est muni de contacts glissants 45a assurant le passage du courant entre le contact 45 et le contact principal d'arc.The second auxiliary contact, now referenced 45 slides in a
Lorsque l'arc principal jaillit, le piston se déplace, comprimant le ressort 47 et provoquant la séparation des contacts auxiliaires d'arc.When the main arc springs, the piston moves, compressing the
L'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits et représentés.The invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown.
Elle s'applique par example au disjoncteur décrit dans la demande de brevet français no 86 04 393 déposée le 26 mars 1986, où l'homme de l'art saura aisément transposer les solutions précédemment décrites.It applies for example to the circuit breaker described in French patent application No. 86 04 393 filed on 26 March 1986 when the man in the art will readily implement the solutions described above.
Claims (6)
- A high- or medium-tension compressed gas circuit breaker taking circuit-breaking energy from the arc, the circuit breaker being of the type comprising:- a fixed assembly including main contacts (8a) and arc contacts (21a);- a moving assembly including main contacts (26) and arc contacts (25);- a blast volume (V1) including a piston (12) which moves on contact separation and urges compressed gas through a blast nozzle (7) which opens over the zone where a main arc forms when the arc contacts separate, and- a set of auxiliary contacts (22a, 21c) in series with the arc contacts for creating an auxiliary arc in the volume (V2) situated behind the piston,- the circuit breaks being characterized in that it includes means (23, 24) for allowing the auxiliary contacts (22a, 21c) to separate only when the pressure in the blast zone exceeds a predetermined threshold.
- A circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that said means comprise a piston (24c) fixed to one (22a) of the auxiliary contacts and subjected to the pressure in the main arc zone, and a return spring (23) for returning said auxiliary contact.
- A circuit breaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the auxiliary contacts (22a, 21c) belong to the fixed assembly.
- A circuit breaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the auxiliary contacts (22a, 21c) belong to the moving assembly.
- A circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the volume (V2) situated behind the piston includes at least one opening (13b) associated with closure means (14, 40) for closing said opening when the circuit breaker is opening.
- A circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that said closure means comprises a cylinder (14) provided with an opening (14c) and connected to the moving assembly by a spring (40).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT88112228T ATE77512T1 (en) | 1987-08-03 | 1988-07-28 | GAS BREAKER FOR HIGH OR MEDIUM VOLTAGE WITH BREAKING ENERGY TAKEN FROM THE ARC ENERGY. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8710988A FR2619246B1 (en) | 1987-08-03 | 1987-08-03 | HIGH OR MEDIUM VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER UNDER PRESSURE WITH CURING ENERGY TAKEN FROM THE ARC |
FR8710988 | 1987-08-03 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0302390A1 EP0302390A1 (en) | 1989-02-08 |
EP0302390B1 true EP0302390B1 (en) | 1992-06-17 |
Family
ID=9353822
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88112228A Expired - Lifetime EP0302390B1 (en) | 1987-08-03 | 1988-07-28 | High or medium voltage gas blast circuit breaker with opening energy taken from the arc energy |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4880946A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0302390B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH061656B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1014193B (en) |
AT (1) | ATE77512T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8803823A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1295003C (en) |
DE (1) | DE3872090T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2032908T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2619246B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2629260B1 (en) * | 1988-03-23 | 1994-07-08 | Alsthom | HIGH-VOLTAGE LOW-ENERGY CIRCUIT BREAKER |
FR2639147B1 (en) * | 1988-09-16 | 1990-12-14 | Alsthom Gec | HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH DIELECTRIC GAS USED FOR BLOWING |
FR2647255B1 (en) * | 1989-05-17 | 1993-04-23 | Alsthom Gec | HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH BLOWING DIELECTRIC GAS |
FR2647949B1 (en) * | 1989-05-31 | 1994-02-18 | Gec Alsthom Sa | HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH SUPPLY DIELECTRIC GAS |
FR2649531B1 (en) * | 1989-07-04 | 1995-11-10 | Alsthom Gec | HIGH OR MEDIUM VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER |
FR2661550B1 (en) * | 1990-04-26 | 1992-06-12 | Alsthom Gec | HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH SERIES ARC. |
FR2668648B1 (en) * | 1990-10-24 | 1992-12-24 | Alsthom Gec | SF6 CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH INCORPORATED CAPACITOR. |
DE59200933D1 (en) * | 1991-04-12 | 1995-01-26 | Gec Alsthom T & D Ag | Gas pressure switch. |
FR2679696B1 (en) * | 1991-07-24 | 1993-09-24 | Alsthom Gec | HIGH AND MEDIUM VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH SUPPLY GAS. |
DE59303093D1 (en) * | 1992-02-06 | 1996-08-08 | Gec Alsthom T & D Ag | Gas pressure switch |
FR2691575B1 (en) * | 1992-05-25 | 1994-07-01 | Alsthom Gec | HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH NON ZERO CURRENT PASSAGES. |
US10984973B2 (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2021-04-20 | General Electric Technology Gmbh | Electric switch provided with an arc-blasting unit |
CN112968653A (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-15 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Electric drive system and vehicle |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1029449B (en) * | 1957-01-17 | 1958-05-08 | Licentia Gmbh | High-voltage switch with two contact points connected in series within a deletion chamber |
DE2349263C2 (en) * | 1973-10-01 | 1982-08-26 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim | Electric pressure gas switch |
DE2710051A1 (en) * | 1976-06-24 | 1978-01-05 | Sprecher & Schuh Ag | PRESSURE GAS SWITCH |
FR2593636B1 (en) * | 1986-01-29 | 1988-03-18 | Cegelec | SULFUR HEXAFLUORIDE CIRCUIT BREAKER OPERATING IN A VERY LOW TEMPERATURE ENVIRONMENT |
-
1987
- 1987-08-03 FR FR8710988A patent/FR2619246B1/en not_active Expired
-
1988
- 1988-07-21 US US07/222,641 patent/US4880946A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-07-28 AT AT88112228T patent/ATE77512T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-07-28 ES ES198888112228T patent/ES2032908T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-07-28 EP EP88112228A patent/EP0302390B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-07-28 DE DE8888112228T patent/DE3872090T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-07-29 CA CA000573450A patent/CA1295003C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-08-01 JP JP63192585A patent/JPH061656B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-08-02 BR BR8803823A patent/BR8803823A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-08-02 CN CN88104784A patent/CN1014193B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2619246B1 (en) | 1989-11-17 |
JPS6459732A (en) | 1989-03-07 |
CA1295003C (en) | 1992-01-28 |
ATE77512T1 (en) | 1992-07-15 |
DE3872090D1 (en) | 1992-07-23 |
BR8803823A (en) | 1989-02-21 |
EP0302390A1 (en) | 1989-02-08 |
ES2032908T3 (en) | 1993-03-01 |
US4880946A (en) | 1989-11-14 |
CN1031153A (en) | 1989-02-15 |
FR2619246A1 (en) | 1989-02-10 |
CN1014193B (en) | 1991-10-02 |
JPH061656B2 (en) | 1994-01-05 |
DE3872090T2 (en) | 1992-12-03 |
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