EP0680583A1 - Verfahren zum verbrennen eines im wesentlichen aus kunststoff bestehenden abfalls, insbesondere pvc-abfall - Google Patents
Verfahren zum verbrennen eines im wesentlichen aus kunststoff bestehenden abfalls, insbesondere pvc-abfallInfo
- Publication number
- EP0680583A1 EP0680583A1 EP94905103A EP94905103A EP0680583A1 EP 0680583 A1 EP0680583 A1 EP 0680583A1 EP 94905103 A EP94905103 A EP 94905103A EP 94905103 A EP94905103 A EP 94905103A EP 0680583 A1 EP0680583 A1 EP 0680583A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plastic
- waste
- additive
- combustion
- pvc
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010920 waste tyre Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/12—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of plastics, e.g. rubber
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/70—Blending
- F23G2201/701—Blending with additives
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.
- the combustion in the rotary kiln and the addition of the finely divided solid additive influences the pyrolysis phase when the plastic is burned (melting of the plastic, escape and partial burnout of volatile components and coking) so that the coke that forms does not bake the rotary kiln loose structure burns out as quickly as possible.
- This is essentially attributed to the fact that the plastic settles on the finely divided additive after it has melted, and thus a significantly larger surface area is available for the further stages of the pyrolysis phase. In other words, a coke structure forms, which leads to an essentially complete burnout. It is preferred that such an additive is used that even at the end of the combustion the melting temperature of the at least one component is not reached.
- the temperature at the end of the rotary kiln can e.g. B. are in the range of 1 100 - 1 300 ° C.
- the “melting temperature of the plastic” is also understood to mean a temperature window, since when a mixture of different plastics is used, it does not depend on a uniform melting temperature
- the window can extend between 70 and 200 ° C, more preferably between 80 and 150 ° C.
- the combustion in a rotary kiln ensures a sufficient dwell time for the essentially uniform distribution of the softened or melted plastic on the parts of the solid additive.
- the incineration of solid waste, especially hazardous waste, industrial waste or the like in a rotary kiln has already been proposed, but in the general incineration of plastic waste, baking and burnout problems are likely to occur.
- additives are preferably selected from the group:
- a fuel is also added to the process if the calorific value of the plastic waste alone is not sufficient.
- an additional effect can be achieved in that volatile constituents also contribute to loosening the coke structure and thus to better burnout due to outgassing.
- this plastic waste consists to a large extent of chlorine and, like other plastics, also contains at least one additive.
- Possible additives are: stabilizers in the form of inorganic heavy metal salts, metal soaps, in particular Ba, Cd, Pb, Zn, Ca and other organometallic compounds.
- PVC can also be adjusted against UV light by adding UV absorbers.
- Inorganic and organic pigments are added to color plastic products.
- X Plasticizers may also be required.
- plastic mixtures can also contain other additives, such as blowing agents, coupling agents, fillers, lubricants, antistatic agents, fungicides and the like;
- the fillers are of particular importance because they are up to 50% by weight can be contained in the plastic, in particular in PVC.
- a fine-particle solid additive is used which leads to an elution-resistant combustion residue with the additive.
- an additive containing SiO 2 and / or Al 2 O 3 is used in the combustion of plastic which contains an alkali and / or alkaline earth filler;
- plastic which contains an alkali and / or alkaline earth filler;
- an alkali and / or alkaline earth filler for this purpose, from the above-mentioned group, quartz sand, gravel, fine chippings on the one hand or bauxite, alumina on the other hand, as well as the incineration residues that may occur and are comminuted during the incineration of the plastic waste.
- Ingredients introduced with the other additives can also be partially bound to the eluate by the silicate and / or aluminate formation.
- silicate and / or aluminate has the advantage that the desired recovery of the chlorine content is optimized in terms of quantity, since the combustion does not lead to the formation of water-soluble calcium chloride to a large extent.
- the mixture can be stabilized by adding a wetting liquid.
- a calcium chloride solution can be used as the wetting agent, which is formed during the cleaning of the flue gas with simultaneous recovery of hydrogen chloride as waste liquor. This process can also have a mud-like consistency.
- the recovery of Hydrogen chloride in PVC combustion from the flue gas is part of the prior art and need not be described in more detail here.
- a lye from the leaching treatment of the combustion residues can also be used alone or in admixture with the leachate from the flue gas treatment as a mixing aid.
- the method according to the invention also offers a simple possibility of using finely divided solid materials containing organic compounds, in particular
- Chlorinated hydrocarbons are contaminated to be disposed of by being introduced into the rotary kiln as fine-particle additives in the sense of the invention. Contaminated soils, which are formed by contaminated sands and / or gravel, are particularly addressed here.
- PVC waste 1 is fed to a mixer 2 continuously or discontinuously.
- This mixer can be designed in various forms, e.g. B. as a paddle mixer, mixing screw, ploughshare mixer or the like.
- the PVC waste is mixed with recycled combustion residues 3, quartz sand 4 and lignite 5 with the addition of water-containing calcium chloride sludge 6. Possibly. water 7 alone can also be supplied instead of the sludge. Attention is drawn to the fact that the figure concerns only one example; In the light of the above statements in the introduction to the description, the addition of one of the finely divided solid additives 3, 4 or 5 may also be sufficient.
- the calcium chloride sludge originating from flue gas cleaning, however, it is expedient that it can be returned to the combustion as a whole, since no noteworthy possible uses can be assigned to the calcium chloride itself.
- the mixture 7 is fed via a feed device 8 to a rotary kiln 9, which can optionally be provided with an afterburning chamber.
- the calcium carried by the PVC is converted into an almost insoluble calcium silicate.
- the reaction of Si0 2 with the calcium chloride at temperatures above 1000 ° C practically completely from left to right.
- the combustion residues 3, the sand 4 and the inert components of the brown coal 5 lead to a loose structure of the coke formed during the combustion, whereby an essentially complete burnout is achieved.
- combustion residues 10a drawn off from the rotary tube 9 are subjected to a laundry known per se and possibly heavy metal leaching in a combustion residue treatment device 11.
- Part 3 of the Combustion residues are fed to the mixer 2 after a shredding treatment 12 - as described above.
- the flue gas 10b withdrawn from the rotary kiln is fed to a flue gas treatment system 13, from which cleaned flue gas 14 and hydrogen chloride 15 and a CaCl 2 -containing flue gas treatment waste liquor 16 are drawn off.
- This waste liquor can be fed into the mixer 2 alone or together with the waste liquor 1 of the combustion residue treatment plant after heavy metal precipitation.
- the part of the elution-resistant combustion residues that is not returned to the mixer is deducted. If no combustion residue recycling is intended, the total amount of combustion residue is subtracted at 18.
- the process according to the invention has the advantage that the coke structure is loosened in a manner that promotes burnout, that at least a substantial part of the additives present in PVC is converted into eluate-resistant combustion residues and that the hydrogen chloride formed during combustion can be recovered with a relatively high yield. It goes without saying that the heat released during combustion is used by exchanging heat with the flue gas, in particular for generating steam.
- the plastic waste consists essentially of plastic, since impurities such as fittings can be present in the case of plastic windows, which are introduced into the rotary kiln.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4301814A DE4301814A1 (de) | 1993-01-23 | 1993-01-23 | Verfahren zum Verbrennen eines im wesentlichen aus Kunststoff bestehenden Abfalls, insbesondere PVC-Abfall |
DE4301814 | 1993-01-23 | ||
PCT/EP1994/000156 WO1994017332A2 (de) | 1993-01-23 | 1994-01-21 | Verfahren zum verbrennen eines im wesentlichen aus kunststoff bestehenden abfalls, insbesondere pvc-abfall |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0680583A1 true EP0680583A1 (de) | 1995-11-08 |
EP0680583B1 EP0680583B1 (de) | 1997-12-10 |
Family
ID=6478801
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94905103A Expired - Lifetime EP0680583B1 (de) | 1993-01-23 | 1994-01-21 | Verfahren zum verbrennen eines im wesentlichen aus kunststoff bestehenden abfalls, insbesondere pvc-abfall |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5551358A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0680583B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4301814A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1994017332A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5685244A (en) * | 1995-06-28 | 1997-11-11 | Textron Systems Corporation | Gas-fired smelting apparatus and process |
AUPN644895A0 (en) * | 1995-11-08 | 1995-11-30 | Miltox Holdings Pte Ltd | Method and apparatus for waste treatment |
DE19534558C1 (de) * | 1995-09-18 | 1996-11-07 | Siemens Ag | Additiv zum Verbrennen von Kohle in einem Kohlekraftwerk mit Schmelzkammerfeuerung |
JPH1096507A (ja) * | 1996-08-02 | 1998-04-14 | Yamaichi Kinzoku Kk | 廃棄樹脂処理用バーナ |
US5992335A (en) | 1996-09-13 | 1999-11-30 | Nkk Corporation | Method of blowing synthetic resin into furnace and apparatus therefor |
DE19706606A1 (de) * | 1997-02-20 | 1998-08-27 | Babcock Anlagen Gmbh | Verfahren zur Regelung der Temperatur in thermischen Abfallbehandlunganlagen und Abfallbehandlunganlage |
DE10213788B4 (de) * | 2002-03-27 | 2007-04-26 | Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik | Verfahren zur Beeinflussung der Eigenschaften von Verbrennungsrückständen aus einer Verbrennungsanlage |
CN111750358B (zh) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-09-10 | 浙江科茂环境科技有限公司 | 一种废塑料绿色油化技术嵌入垃圾焚烧方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2026970A1 (de) * | 1969-10-03 | 1971-04-22 | Tvtr Meissner, W , Dipl Ing , Tischer, H , Dipl Ing, Pat Anwalte, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verbrennen von Kunststoff Abfallen |
JPS59183209A (ja) * | 1983-03-31 | 1984-10-18 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | 廃プラスチツクを多量に含有するごみの流動床燃焼方法 |
DE3316299C2 (de) * | 1983-05-04 | 1985-03-07 | Defo-Chemie GmbH, 8000 München | Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Müll |
DE3327448A1 (de) * | 1983-05-04 | 1985-02-07 | Defo-Chemie GmbH, 8000 München | Verfahren zum verbrennen von muell |
DE3444073A1 (de) * | 1984-12-03 | 1986-06-05 | Dyckerhoff Engineering GmbH, 6200 Wiesbaden | Verfahren und anlage zum verbrennen von abfaellen wie haus-, industrie- und sondermuell |
DE3718669A1 (de) * | 1987-06-04 | 1988-12-15 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zur aufarbeitung von kontaminierten mineralstoffen |
US4771712A (en) * | 1987-06-24 | 1988-09-20 | A. Ahlstrom Corporation | Combustion of fuel containing alkalines |
US4953481A (en) * | 1989-09-01 | 1990-09-04 | Utility Chemicals, Inc. | Method for control of slag build-up in solid waste incinerators |
DE3931900A1 (de) * | 1989-09-25 | 1991-04-04 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Verfahren zum verbrennen granularer kunstharzabfaelle, insbesondere von ionenaustauschern |
-
1993
- 1993-01-23 DE DE4301814A patent/DE4301814A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-01-21 WO PCT/EP1994/000156 patent/WO1994017332A2/de active IP Right Grant
- 1994-01-21 US US08/313,025 patent/US5551358A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-01-21 EP EP94905103A patent/EP0680583B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-21 DE DE59404781T patent/DE59404781D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9417332A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0680583B1 (de) | 1997-12-10 |
US5551358A (en) | 1996-09-03 |
DE4301814A1 (de) | 1994-07-28 |
WO1994017332A2 (de) | 1994-08-04 |
WO1994017332A3 (de) | 1994-09-29 |
DE59404781D1 (de) | 1998-01-22 |
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