EP0678220B1 - Multisatellite television antenna mount - Google Patents

Abstract

The direct multi-satellite television aerial mounting includes a vertical shaft (3) which may be finely adjusted by means of a mount support (4). A yoke (6) is pivotally connected to the shaft and defines a fixed point (A) at the intersection between its axes and the shaft (3). A latitude tilt shaft (8,D) is horizontally pivotable about a point (M) on the vertical shaft (3) and is adjusted to be perpendicular to the equatorial plane. A tracking system (9) is provided with an annular dish link (B) and a dish holder (7). The support is able to direct the dish towards the geostationary orbit of the satellites.

Description

The present invention relates to an antenna mount for direct television by geostationary satellites.

The satellites are geostationary, that is to say fixed with respect to the earth and to optimize the possibility of reception, that is to say multiply the possibilities of reception of emissions, the antenna mount makes it possible to point successively the satellites to receive their respective broadcasts.

The orbit is geostationary in the plane of the equator, centered in the center of the earth and with a radius of 42,164 km, i.e. an altitude above the surface of the earth of 35,786 km for a diameter of earth at the equator of 12 756 km.

Figure 1 shows the description of the problem posed defining the earth, the plane of the equator, the equator, the center (O) of the earth, the location (M) of the location of the antenna, the vertical (MO) of the location of the antenna and the latter.

At present, multisatellite mounts are either provided with two motors allowing, either by successive trial and error, or by computer program and memorization specific to the location of the station, to point exactly at the different satellites, or single engine but with a approximate follow-up. The former are very expensive and therefore reserved for professional use for very large antennas. The second are based on two different mechanisms.

The first (Figure 2) is to define the vertical of the location and rotate the antenna around this axis: the axis of the antenna is moves in a plane perpendicular to the vertical (MO) of the location and cuts the orbital plane along a straight line (D '). The aim of the satellites is therefore very approximate and only very poorly receives satellites, located in the vicinity of the radial plane of the earth containing the axis of the poles and the location of the station.

The second mechanism, Figure 3, consists of defining the same elements but inclining, in the meridian plane, the axis of articulation and rotation of the antenna by an angle complementary to the latitude of the location, so that this axis is perpendicular to the plane of the equator and to incline the axis of the antenna with respect to this axis of rotation so that the beam of the antenna describes a cone of revolution whose center of the base in the plane of the equator is the projection of the location on the plane of the orbit. The intersection of the scanning of this beam and the orbital plane is therefore a circle offset from the center of the earth. The aim is more precise but becomes too false when we want to target a satellite a little lower on the horizon, which requires larger antennas and the angles to be displayed are specific to the location of the station ( figure 5).

Indeed, as soon as one targets a satellite making an angle of more than fifteen to twenty degrees of deviation from the meridian plane, the aiming error is such that it leads to either oversize the diameters of the parabolic antennas , either to use very fine and expensive electronics, or to agree to be able to receive only certain transmissions correctly by selecting the targeted satellites in a low amplitude beam. Thus, countries which are not facing certain satellites are deprived of broadcasts, very large countries (US, USSR, China, India ...) or areas of influence of languages or interests (French-speaking Africa, Muslim countries for religion, Japan and South East Asia for culture, etc.) are required either to be unable to communicate or to have to multiply the direct television satellites; the same is true for professional telecommunications satellites.

The present invention overcomes these drawbacks. Indeed, it allows, with a single motor, to target the orbit exactly, to display an angle specific to the latitude of the location of the antenna and to have its own rotations to target the different satellites independent of the location installation location (Figure 6). Thus the antennas can be of smaller dimensions, the installation is much simpler and easy to carry out, the mount can be equipped with a pre-programming made in factory since independent of the place and the installation can be practiced by an individual without training or measuring devices when at present the intervention of a professional laying specialist is necessary.

The process used to achieve this objective is as follows. The antenna beam must describe, in the plane of the equator, a circle which is the geostationary orbit of direct television satellites. The antenna beam must therefore be constantly a generator of an oblique cone from the top of the location of the station, from an oblique axis to the vertical of this place passing through the center of the earth and for directing in the plane. from the equator the geostationary orbit. If we cut this oblique cone by a plane parallel to the plane of the equator, the director of this cone in this plane is a circle centered at the intersection of this plane with the vertical of the location of the station and of proportional radius, so that the two cone portions, that defined from the geostationary orbit and limited between this orbit and the vertex and that limited between the plane parallel to the plane of the equator and the vertex are homothetic of center the vertex and of ratio that of the radius of the earth divided by the distance vertex from the cone point of intersection of the plane parallel to the plane of the equator with the vertical of the location; the homothety can be positive or negative (Figure 4).

The mechanism of Figure 8 to achieve this goal is built according to the following general model. A vertical axis is formed on the frame by fixing a post (1) and a fine adjustment system (4). On this axis, there are two fixed points (A) and (M). In (M) an axis (D) is rotated around an axis normal to the meridian plane by an angle equal to the angle complementary to the latitude of the place of installation of the antenna so that this axis (D ) or perpendicular to the plane of the equator. A point (B) linked to this axis (D), turning around it describes a homothetic circle of the geostationary orbit. We subject the axis of the antenna dish to constantly pass through points (A) and (B), this line (AB) is indeed a generator of the oblique cone defined in the previous paragraph. If the parabola is said to be "offset", that is to say if its plane of attachment is not normal to the axis of symmetry of the paraboloid of infinite revolution in which the antenna is taken but oblique, it is necessary that this plane has a reverse inclination on the frame to bring this next axis (AB) or parallel to it. Mainly in the case of antenna "offset", it is very important that a plane of the antenna, that of symmetry for example, always remains parallel to itself during displacements. To achieve this goal, the antenna support must have only two rotations, for example a vertical and a horizontal perpendicular to the plane of symmetry of the antenna, instead of three; this is more logical anyway since two rotations allow to define a line in space. In (B) the link between the antenna support and the arm (BM) must allow three rotations free composition of the two rotations of the right (AB) and that around the right (D) as well as a translation since the triangle (AMB) is deformable with two sides of fixed length (AM and BM) and a variable angle (ABM). The process thus defined places the plane of symmetry of the offset antenna parallel to the vertical of the place; in the case where it is desired that this plane of symmetry of the antenna remains constantly normal to the plane of the orbit and radial with respect thereto, the compatibility axis (AB) is provided with a slide link normal to the axis of rotation of the tracking system (MB) with it (Figure 9).

The two cones being homothetic, the angles of rotation in the plane of the equator around the center of the earth to "pass" from one satellite to another are the same as those of the normal plane to the right (D) of rotation from point (B) around point (M) so that the satellites being fixed relative to the earth, the rotations thus defined on the mount are also fixed and independent of the location of the installation (Figure 6) . We can then pre-program these at the time of manufacture, all that remains is to set a zero to the program according to the layout longitude. Such a mount therefore has only two adjustments to be made: place the axis of rotation of the straight line (D) in the meridian plane of the installation layout plane, adjust the inclination of (D) at an equal angle in addition to the latitude of the location. The adjustment in the meridian plane can be facilitated by carrying out this adjustment on the reception of a satellite after having "displayed" the theoretical angle of this one by turning the mount around the vertical of the place of installation and by immobilizing this movement right after. The setting is designed so that it is obtained, after materializing the vertical of the location, by displaying the desired angles, either using a vernier or other mechanical and visual means, or using '' a stepper or resolver motor by using a computer meter without special devices so that such a product can be sold in supermarkets.

In the case where an even finer aim is desired to take account of earth's roundness defects, it is possible, on the one hand to tilt (AM), normally vertical, in the meridian plane with a very small corrective angle and on the other hand, equip the antenna mount with a fine length adjustment (MB), tables of values are then necessary but the pointing quality is then absolutely perfect, apart from the installation fault by the installer.

Antenna mount for direct television by satellites characterized by a mechanism allowing the antenna beam to describe an oblique cone having for apex the place of installation of the installation, for oblique axis the vertical of this place passing through the center from the earth and the geostationary orbit of satellites as director; for this the frame has an axis adjusted vertically on which are materialized two fixed points, one being (A) the top of the cone and the other a point (M) located at a distance (d) from it defining a homothetic ratio equal to (d) divided by the radius of the earth, an axis (D) passing through (M) and being able to be inclined in the meridian plane by an angle complementary to that of the latitude of the place of installation of the station and around which an arm (MB), of length (r) such that (d) and (r) are respectively proportional to the radius of the earth and to the radius of the geostationary orbit, rotates thus describing a circle ( C) centered in (M), in a parallel plane in the plane of the geostationary orbit, by installing the antenna beam along the straight line (AB) or following a parallel to it, this beam describes the orbital aiming cone; the oblique cone defined by the vertex (A), the axis (AMO) and directing the circle (C) is homothetic of the orbital cone in the ratio (d) divided by the radius of the earth, this homothety can be positive or negative (Figure 8).

To take into account the real geoid of the earth, we define tables of values and we tilt the vertical axis in the meridian plane so that it actually contains the center of the earth, we tilt in the meridian plane l 'axis (D), defined above, of an angle taking into account the real latitude of the place and the arm length (MB) is adjusted so as to target the orbit very exactly.

In order for the frame to have a linear law of rotation with respect to the controls and to ensure the irreversibility of the movements allowing immobilization in the pointing position and wind resistance independent of the control members, the terminal displacement control members are produced by worm-wheel systems whose gear ratios and modules allow a reduction precise enough to obtain pointing precision by simple display of the rotation of the screws, an irreversibility and a mechanical strength of the teeth sufficient to withstand exceptional winds of 160 km / h, either alone or supplemented by an immobilizer.

The mount simply has three adjustments, one is the verticality adjustment of the shouldered axis (3) forming the straight line (AM), the other the orientation of the plane of symmetry of the mount in the meridian plane of the place d location of the station, the last one is the elevation adjustment at a complementary angle to the latitude of the location of the station, these adjustments are simple and do not require any special equipment except those supplied with the mount because the mechanism is adjusted in the factory (AM) in the extension of the stepped axis and the fine adjustment in the Meridian plane is produced after pointing and focusing on a satellite.

To meet very strict specifications with regard to operational safety vis-à-vis children or domestic animals nearby, weather resistance protection of the mechanism against plant debris and nesting of small animals (insects, birds, ...), the frame is protected by a system of casings reducing wind resistance, protecting the dangerous parts of the mechanism and ensuring a sufficient seal to guarantee the achievement of these specifications.

First example of embodiment (Figures 11 to 16). The vertical axis consists of a post (1), which can be installed in a garden, on a roof, on a balcony or a facade, having a collar at its upper part in which are three tapped holes at 120 ° one others on a circle all around the post and a tapped hole in the center, of a mounting frame proper (4) comprising four smooth holes adapting to the four tapped holes of the post and three tapped holes so that using three pressure screws screwed into the threaded holes of the support, you can vary the orientation of the mount support and immobilize this support on the post using four assembly screws that screw into the four holes of the post, this support has a bore calibrated so that it achieves a removable pivot connection with the antenna mount and it is this axis which is adjusted vertically or at a corrective angle, the mount can be secured to this support with the 'help a stepped axis adjusting in the bore of the support and locked in position using for example a pressure screw, a pinch, tangent buffers.

The adjustment of the verticality of the antenna post and support and the parallelization of the plane of symmetry of the mount with the meridian plane of the installation location are controlled by a precision level-compass (5) a bubble level of circular shape with radius of curvature at the level of the bubble such that it allows to appreciate the 1 / 100th of a degree (radius greater than or equal to 1.5m) containing a magnetic float forming a compass, this level applies, by its underside, on the flange of the post to make a rough adjustment and on the bearing face in the antenna support of the stepped axis of the mount itself, this face and the bore of the support being perfectly perpendicular, circular and graduated marks on the upper face of the transparency of the level ensure the possibility of "tilting" the verticality of the axis of the bore of the antenna support, in the meridian plane of the place d implantation of the i Installation of a corrective angle to take account of the Earth's geoid for fine adjustment.

The connection between the dish support and the frame is made by two articulations, one with a vertical axis between the shouldered axis (3) of the frame itself and collinear with it and an intermediate piece called a yoke (6 ), the other in yoke (24) between the yoke (6) and the dish support (7) with a horizontal axis so that these two axes are concurrent at the point (A) defined above, these articulations can be produced by sealed bearings or ball bearings for example.

The shouldered axis (3) of the mount has a horizontal axis clevis articulation with the latitude tilt axis (8) of the frame, this axis is concurrent with the axis of the shouldered cylinder of this same part, this point being the point (M) defined above at a distance from the shoulder such that the length (AM) is defined by all of the parts: stepped axis of the frame itself, yoke, parabola support and axis of articulation linking the shouldered axis and the axis of inclination of latitude.

The axis of inclination of latitude (8, FIG. 11) comprises, with the shouldered axis of the frame proper, a clevis joint defined above and a calibrated shouldered cylinder, forming a pivot for the tracking system (9), this cylinder is perpendicular to the axis of its clevis joint, in the plane of symmetry thereof.

The monitoring system (9, Figures 10 and 12) has a calibrated and shouldered bore forming with the axis of latitude tilt a pivot connection made using bearings or bearings for example and a slide (10) d 'perpendicular axis of the tracking system (7) and whose plane of symmetry contains it for receiving the ball joint support (11) forming the connection (B) defined above.

The ball joint support (11, Figures 13 and 10) forming the connection (B) has a slider which is received in the slide of the adjustable tracking system and can be immobilized in position, a bore parallel to the slider and in the plane of symmetry of that -this receiving a hollow ball joint (12, Figure 10) made specially, or commercially, such that the center of the ball joint is at a distance parallel to the pivot axis of inclination axis of zero latitude from the axis of the connection in clevis of this axis with the shouldered axis of the mount itself and at a distance perpendicular to this pivot and in the plane of symmetry of the tracking system such that the ratio (AM) / (BM) is equal to the ratio radius of the earth divided by the radius of the geostationary orbit.

The satellite dish support (7) has in its plane of symmetry, perpendicularly and concurrently, a calibrated bore receiving a calibrated axis (13) forming with it a total removable link, this axis slides freely in the bore of the hollow ball joint defined above, a parabola fixing platform parallel to the axis of the yoke of this support and whose inclination relative to the plane formed by the axis of this yoke and the calibrated bore of this support is either a fixed angle equal to 90 ° for symmetrical parabolas or an angle equal to the "offset" angle for so-called "offset" parabolas, or has a pivot with an axis parallel to the axis of the yoke of this dish support then receiving a specific adaptation to the type of dish used, a support surface for this adaptation and a locking and adjustment device thereof.

The device for tilting the tilt axis is produced using a worm-wheel system (14, FIG. 10), the reduction of which combined with a vernier linked to the screw allows the display of an accuracy of the order of 1 / 100th of a degree, this system is irreversible and completed by a locking screw in position (15) making it possible to absorb a large part of the effects of bad weather on the antenna so that, for a small footprint, resistance and holding in position are great, the mount is adjusted at the time of assembly in the factory so that the pivot of the tilting device is parallel to the stepped axis of the antenna mount properly said.

The displacement control of the tracking system relative to the tilt axis is carried out using a worm-wheel output device (16) whose wheel is integral with the tilt axis and the screw has with the tracking system a pivot link, a reducer (17), either with gears, or a second worm-wheel system whose input member is a stepper motor (18) whose casing is linked to the tracking system such that a rotation of one step of the motor corresponds to an angle of rotation of the tracking system relative to the tilt axis, preferably less than 1 / 100 th of a degree.

The connection (B) between the tracking system and the dish support can be achieved by means of two perpendicular pivot connections (19) between them, one horizontal perpendicular to the axis of rotation tracking the axis of inclination and perpendicular to its plane of symmetry with an intermediate part, the other with a perpendicular axis, vertical in the horizontal position of the antenna beam between this intermediate part and a so-called compatibility axis, this axis is pierced with a horizontal hole, perpendicular to the pivot axis of the tracking system, all these axes being concurrent at the theoretical point (B) in the plane of symmetry of the tracking system thus achieving a connection having three degrees of freedom in rotation and one in following translation (MB) (Figures 31, 32, 33).

If one wishes that the plane of symmetry of the parabola remains constantly perpendicular to the plane of the orbit, in a second diagram of principle, the axis of compatibility defined in the preceding paragraph is provided with a sliding connection normal to the axis of rotation of the tracking system and whose sliding axis is in the plane of symmetry of this system with a calibrated axis, of complementary shape having a pivot connection with the part called dish support, the dish is then totally linked to this axis calibrated by means of a standard support totally linked to this axis and adaptations specific to each brand and dimension of dish (Figures 9, 31, 32, 33).

The homothesis in question can be positive or negative, which implies that if it is positive, the theoretical point (A) is above the theoretical point (M) and that the connection (B) is situated on the same side as the parabola with respect to the vertical (AM) constituted by the axis of rotation of the yoke (6) with respect to the shouldered axis (3), in the case of a negative homothety, (M) is above (A) and the connection (B) and the parabola are arranged on either side of the vertical (AM).

In the case of a positive homothety, the rollover ensuring at the same time safety with respect to children, adults and domestic animals, the reduction of the catch in the wind, the protection of the mechanism against bad weather, plant and small animal debris (insects, ...), is generally spherical in shape, the center of which is located at point (A) of the mechanism, in two hollow hemispheres (20 and 21), one of which snaps into place. 'other and whose joint plane is oblique and perpendicular to the plane of symmetry of the mount to allow the part closest to the antenna to receive a bored boss coming to center this cover on the yoke and immobilized with respect to it ci by two fixing screws, an opening in the plane of symmetry to allow the passage of the calibrated axis forming with the ball joint the connection (B), this opening has an external flange to prevent water, snow, debris to enter the mechanism, holes in part ie the bottom of this cover lets the condensation flow, the other part of the cover is semi-spherical without any particular detail except the clipping with its opposite.

The dish support has a spherical part (24) covering the opening made in the hood to ensure a seal with clearance and baffle between the hood and itself.

In the case of a positive homothety, in a variant, the cowling is of generally spherical shape as previously but includes, in addition to the protection offered by the dish support, a second cowl inside the first, in the form of a portion of a sphere, linked to the boss of the tracking support allowing the support-ball joint connection so as to make a double sealing baffle, the amplitude of the portion of the sphere is such that the opening of the cover main is constantly "plugged".

In the case of a negative homothety, the cowling consists of a main cover of generally spherical shape, supplemented by a tunnel shape coming to be fixed on the parabola support, this cover has a wide opening with internal collar, in this cover, an intermediate cover of spherical shape slides freely and has at its lower part a wide opening with internal flange and at its upper part an external flange, in this second cover, a third, of spherical shape is housed on the shouldered axis of the frame by a tight or glued boss and an external flange so that the relative movements of these covers are driven by their respective flanges and that the amplitudes of the movements are compatible with the possibilities of the covers, the center of the spheres of these covers coincides with point (A) of the mechanism.

In the case of a negative homothety, in a variant, the cowling consists of an external cover in two parts, the upper one remains spherical extended by a tunnel shape coming to be fixed on the parabola support, the other which is linked to it by screws or clipping is semi-spherical and has a large lower opening allowing the relative deflections of the parts, an inner cover linked to the axis supported by a tight or glued boss, of spherical shape, constantly covers the lower opening of the external cover to ensure sealing, the centers of the spheres coincide with point (A) of the mechanism.

In the case of a negative homothety, in a variant, the shouldered axis can be deflected and in two parts rigidly linked together so that the rollover can be achieved by means of an external cover in two semi-spherical parts linked together by screws or snap-fastening, the part close to the parabola is provided with a boss coming to be fixed by tightening or gluing on the end part of the stepped axis, the other half-cover has a large opening allowing the passage of the calibrated axis forming the connection (B), a second spherical inner cover, connected by tightening or bonding to the tracking support by a boss at the level of the ball joint constantly closes the opening of the external cover during the relative movements different elements of the mechanism to seal it by narrow passage, the center of these covers is at point (M) of the mechanism, the dish support can have, to link the boss carrying the axis of ball joint, clevis connection bosses and the parabola fixing plate an external spherical shape ensuring the protection of the covers and the mechanism.

In the case of a negative homothety, in a variant, the rollover can be produced by a spherical cover in two parts connected to each other by screws or snap-fastening, the lower part of which comprises a boss coming to be housed in the vertical axis of the yoke and linked to it by screws, tightening or gluing and a light-shaped opening in the plane of symmetry of the mechanism to allow the passage of the calibrated axis forming with the ball joint the connection (B), this light receives a cover leaving the passage of this axis and its form of connection with the other functional surfaces of the dish support, the center of this cover is at point (A) of the mechanism.

Rubber seals in the form of flexible bellows for rotation, translation, cylindrical or helical can be installed to improve the tightness and complete it in case of part of mechanism external to the covers.

All unprotected rubbing surfaces are provided with baffles preventing the entry of moisture.

The architecture of the entire mechanism can be: either internal to the cowling, or the yoke and its connections are external to the cowling.

The parabola is fixed by adaptation pieces according to the different models of parabolas, these adaptation pieces have a single fixing by four screws on an "offset" tilt support articulated along an axis parallel to the axis of the fork-dish support, adjustable and immobilizable in position on a plane of the dish support normal to the plane defined by the calibrated axis forming with the ball joint the connection (B) and the axis of the fork connection- dish support and normal to the plane of symmetry of the mechanism.

The adaptation pieces specific to each antenna are finely adjusted relative to the dish support plate by means of screws or shims of variable thicknesses inserted around the upper screws of the fixing of these adaptations to compensate for the manufacturing defects of the elements.

The different solutions can be cumulated entirely or by blocks or by elements without affecting the proper functioning of the mechanism.

The mount has scales of overall dimensions or of certain elements only to adapt in terms of resistance as well as aesthetics, motorization, ... to the different dimensions of satellite dishes.

Here now are some other non-limiting examples of implementation which differ in architectural variants, sign of homothety or other choices of partial solutions.

A first variant (Figures 17 and 18) is characterized by a positive homothety.

A mast (23), fixed in a garden, on a balcony, on a roof or along a vertical wall is adjusted approximately vertical by means of a level provided and described in another configuration. On this mast, the support (21) proper is finely adjusted by means of three pressure screws (25) and the level of precision, the reading sensitivity of which is around 0.01; this support is then fixed to the mast using three fixing screws (22).

The elevation support axis (18) is then oriented well vertically with respect to the ground. This axis has a pivot link with the support (21) which can be made total using the pressure screw (26). This fixed axis (18) carries, on the one hand the yoke (16) and, on the other hand the azimuth tracking support (33) and its adjustment by the worm (29). The yoke (16) has a pivot connection with the axis (18) produced, for example, using two self-lubricating bearings (19) and is articulated on the antenna support (15) by means of the two hinge pins (5). The elevation adjustment system consists of a gear (28) toothed and meshing on a worm (29) linked to the azimuth tracking support (33) by a pivot link; these elements rotate around the axis (13), linked to the axis (18), and placed in the center of the toothed wheel (28). Thus, the elevation system is precise, irreversible and therefore must not be out of balance. This locking device is completed by a screw for holding in position (12) avoiding any vibration and reinforcing the resistance of this device to the wind resistance of the installation. The azimuth tracking support (33) carries, by a pivot link produced using two self-lubricating bearings for example, the reduction motor support (34) as well as a toothed wheel (36) totally linked to (33). The motor (35) is a stepping motor whose power must allow maneuvering in a wind of 110Km / H. It includes a gear reducer and an output worm (37) which meshes with the wheel (36). Thus, the system is irreversible, which makes it possible to differentiate the boundary conditions of the wind authorizing the maneuver 110 Km / H and of resistance of the antenna under the influence of the wind 160Km / H. In addition there is a linear law between the rotation of the motor and the rotation of azimuth, which allows a precise counting of the position of azimuth. The motor support (34) has, with the antenna support (15), by means of the rod (8) linked thereto, a ball joint and sliding pivot (10) ensuring the movement of the antenna.

The parts (23, 21, 18, 28) are always fixed. The parts (29), (33), (36) are adjusted in azimuth and are then fixed by the double device (28, 29) and the screw (12).

The yoke (16) rotates around the fixed vertical axis (18). The elements (34), (35), (37) rotate around the axis of (33). The antenna support (15) has a combined movement of rotation relative to the yoke (16) and of translation rotation relative to the engine support (34).

The vertical offset of the axes of rotation of elevation (13) and of articulation of the antenna support (15) on the yoke (16) via the axes (5) conditions the ratio of homothety and the distance between the axis of (33) and the center of the ball joint (10) according to the principle defined in the previous paragraph.

To make the device secure for children, adults or animals in the case of installation in the garden or on a balcony, the remote control, facing the receiver by remote control, insensitive to dead leaves and various mosses, insensitive to small animals and bad weather, it is necessary to cover the mechanism and make it "waterproof"; this rollover also allows a reduction in the wind resistance, the noises (whistling) of the wind and gives an attractive aesthetic. This cowling is therefore essential in the same way as the mechanism itself. The rollover, given the great disparities in the relative movements of the different parts of the mechanism and the large amplitudes of the said movements, is very difficult to set up and a certain number of projects relating to the present patent application filing differ in this rollover.

The cowling consists of two hemispheres (17) and (27). The cover (17) is linked to the yoke (16) by a slightly "hard" fitting on the cylindrical part thereof and has an internal diameter allowing the movement of the reducing motor support (34); this cover (17) rotates around the elevation support axis (18) and has a radial slot allowing the passage and the clearance of the rod (8) and the boss of the antenna support (15) allowing the fixing of this rod. The cover (27) is centered and snapped onto the cover (17) and is therefore easily removable. The antenna support (15) has a "tail" in the plane of the groove and wider than the latter to ensure "sealing" of this groove. To complete this seal, seals (7) and (20) ensure that moisture does not come into contact with the functional surfaces of the mechanism. The center of the various covers is located at the intersection of the axes (5) and (8) carried by the antenna support (15).

Depending on whether you use centered or so-called "offset" satellite dishes, the fixing the antenna on the antenna support (15) is perpendicular to the axis of the rod (8) or inclined by the angle "offset" with respect thereto.

The engine must withstand the most severe weather conditions and the materials used are determined by their mechanical characteristics but above all for their ability to withstand bad weather and contact with each other.

A second variant (Figures 19 and 20) is characterized by negative homothety.

A mast (3), fixed in a garden, on a balcony, a roof or along a vertical wall, is adjusted approximately vertical by means of a level provided and described in another configuration. On this mast, the support (7) proper is finely adjusted by means of three pressure screws (1) and the level of precision whose reading sensitivity is of the order of 0.01 °; this support is then fixed to the mast using three fixing screws (6).

The elevation support axis (10) is then oriented well vertically with respect to the ground. This axis has a pivot link with the support (7) which can be made total using the pressure screw (5). This fixed axis (10) carries, on the one hand the yoke (27) and, on the other hand the azimuth tracking support (17) and its adjustment by the worm (44). The yoke (27) has a pivot connection with the axis (10) produced, for example, using two self-lubricating bearings (4) and is articulated on the antenna support (22) by means of the two hinge pins (40). The elevation adjustment system consists of a gear (37) toothed and meshing on an endless screw (44) linked to the azimuth tracking support (17) by a pivot link; these elements rotate around the axis (32), linked to the axis (10), and placed in the center of the toothed wheel (37). Thus, the elevation system is precise, irreversible and therefore does not must not go wrong. This locking device is completed by a screw for holding in position (35) avoiding any vibration and strengthening the resistance of this device to the wind resistance of the installation. The azimuth tracking support (36) carries, by a pivot link produced using two self-lubricating bearings, for example, the reduction motor support (17) as well as a toothed wheel (37) totally linked to (36) . The motor (21) is a stepping motor whose power must allow maneuvering in a wind of 110Km / H, it includes a gear reducer and an output worm gear meshing on the wheel (37). Thus the system is irreversible, which makes it possible to differentiate the boundary conditions of the wind authorizing the maneuver 110 Km / H and of resistance of the antenna under the influence of the wind 160 Km / H. In addition there is a linear law between the rotation of the motor and the rotation of azimuth, which allows a precise counting of the position of azimuth. The motor support (17) has, with the antenna support (22), by means of the rod (20) linked thereto, a ball joint and sliding pivot (18) ensuring the movement of the antenna.

The parts (3, 7, 10, 16) are always fixed. The parts (37), (36), (46) are adjusted in azimuth and are then fixed by the double device (37, 21) and the screw (35). The yoke (27) rotates around the fixed vertical axis (10). The elements (21, 18, 17) rotate around the axis of (36). The antenna support (22) has a combined movement of rotation relative to the yoke (27) and of translation rotation relative to the engine support (17).

The vertical offset of the axes of rotation of elevation (32) and of articulation of the antenna support (22) on the yoke (27) via the axes (40), conditions the ratio of homothety and the distance Between the axis of (36) and the center of the ball joint (18) according to the principle already defined.

The cowling consists of two hemispheres (11) and (45). The cover (45) is linked to the orientation support axis (10) by a slightly "hard" fitting on the cylindrical part thereof and has an internal diameter allowing the movement of the reducing motor support (21). The cover (11) centers and fits by clipping onto the cover (45) and is therefore easily removable and has a large opening allowing the passage of the various elements. The inner cover (12) centers and fits onto the engine support (17) to ensure the closing of the openings necessary for the deflections of the elements relative to the housings (11) and (45). A seal (19) seals between the reducing motor support (17) and the antenna support (22). The center of the covers is located in the plane of symmetry of the mechanism and on the axis (32).

A third variant (Figures 21 and 22) is characterized by a positive homothety.

A mast (23) fixed in a garden, on a balcony, on a roof or along a vertical wall is adjusted approximately vertical by means of a level provided and described in another configuration. On this mast, the support (25) proper is finely adjusted by means of three pressure screws (20) and the level of precision whose reading sensitivity is of the order of 0.01 °; this support is then fixed to the mast using three fixing screws (24).

The elevation support axis (27) is then oriented well vertically with respect to the ground. This axis has a pivot link with the support (25) which can be made total using the pressure screw (19). This fixed axis (27) carries, on the one hand the yoke (21) and on the other hand the azimuth tracking support (1) and its adjustment by the worm (8). The yoke (21) has a connection pivot with the axis (27) produced for example using two self-lubricating bearings (28) and is articulated on the antenna support (2) by means of the two articulation axes (39). The elevation adjustment system consists of a gear (18) toothed and meshing on a worm (17) linked to the azimuth tracking support (40) by a pivot link; these elements rotate around the axis (7), linked to the axis (27) and placed in the center of the toothed wheel (18). Thus the elevation system is precise, irreversible and therefore must not be out of balance. This locking device is completed by a screw for holding in position (5) avoiding any vibration and strengthening the resistance of this device to the wind resistance of the installation. The azimuth tracking support (40) carries, by a pivot link produced using two self-lubricating bearings, for example, the reduction motor support (40) as well as a toothed wheel (3) totally linked to the support part. (1). The motor (9) is a stepping motor whose power must allow maneuvering in a wind of 110 km / H. It includes a gear reducer and an output worm (8) which meshes with the wheel (3). Thus, the system is irreversible, which makes it possible to differentiate the boundary conditions of the wind authorizing the 110 km / H maneuver and the resistance of the antenna under the influence of the 160 km / H wind. In addition, there is a linear law between motor rotation and azimuth rotation, which allows precise counting of the azimuth position. The motor support (40) has, with the antenna support (2), by means of the rod (36) linked thereto, a ball joint and sliding pivot (33) ensuring the movement of the antenna.

The parts (27), (25), (23), (18) are always fixed. The parts (17), (1), (3) are adjusted in azimuth and are then fixed by the double device (16, 17) and the screw (5). The yoke (21) rotates around the axis fixed vertical (27). The elements (8), (9), (40) rotate around the axis of the support piece (1). The antenna support (2) has a combined movement of rotation relative to the yoke (21) and of rotation-translation relative to the engine support (40).

The vertical offset of the axes of rotation of elevation (7) and of articulation of the antenna support (2) on the yoke (21) via the axes (39) conditions the ratio of homothety and the distance between the axis of (40) and the center of the ball joint (33) according to the principle defined in the previous paragraph.

The cowling consists of two hemispheres (30) and (31). The cover (30) is linked to the axis (27) by a slightly hard fitting on the cylindrical part thereof and has an internal diameter allowing the movement of the reducing motor support (9). The cover (31) is centered and snapped onto the cover (30) and is therefore easily removable. The engine support (40) has a cylindrical tail in its plane of symmetry allowing the slightly hard fitting of an inner cover (32). For this purpose, the cover (31) has a large opening allowing the normal movement of the engine support (40) relative to the fixed axis (27). The shape of the cover (31) is conditioned by the constant covering of the opening made in the cover (31) to ensure sealing. To complete this seal, seals (37), (26) and (29) ensure that moisture does not come into contact with the functional surfaces of the mechanism. The center of all these covers is located in the plane of symmetry of the mechanism and in the center of the axis (7).

A fourth variant (Figures 23 to 26) is characterized by negative homothety.

A pole (9) fixed in a garden, on a balcony, on a roof or along a vertical wall is adjusted approximately vertical by means of a level provided and described in another configuration. On this mast, the support (1) itself is finely adjusted by means of three pressure screws (10) and the level of precision, the reading sensitivity of which is around 0.01 °. This support is then fixed to the mast using three fixing screws (3).

The elevation support axis (13) is then oriented well vertically with respect to the ground. This axis has a pivot link with the support (1) which can be made total using the pressure screw (7). This fixed axis (13) carries, on the one hand the yoke (4) and, on the other hand, the azimuth tracking support (25) and its adjustment by the worm (26). The yoke (4) has a pivot connection with the axis (13) produced, for example, using two self-lubricating bearings (2) and is articulated on the antenna support (19) by means of the two hinge pins (30). The elevation adjustment system consists of a toothed wheel linked to (13) and meshing on an endless screw (26) linked to the azimuth tracking support (25) by a pivot link; these elements rotate around the axis (37), linked to the axis (13), and placed in the center of the toothed wheel. Thus, the elevation system is precise, irreversible and therefore must not be out of balance. This locking device is completed by a screw for holding in position (34) preventing any vibration and reinforcing the resistance of this device to the wind resistance of the installation. The azimuth tracking support (25) articulated on the axis (37), supports the worm (26) mounted freely in rotation in the support (25) and carries, by a pivot connection made using two self-lubricating bearings, for example, the reduction motor support (14) as well as a toothed wheel (32) totally linked to (25). The motor (18) is a stepping motor whose power must allow maneuvering in a wind of 110 km / H. It includes a gear reducer and an output worm gear meshing on the wheel (32). So the system is irreversible, which makes it possible to differentiate the boundary conditions of the wind allowing maneuvering 110 km / h and resistance of the antenna under the influence of the wind 160 km / h. In addition there is a linear law between the rotation of the motor and the rotation of azimuth, which allows the precise counting of the position of azimuth. The motor support (14) has, with the antenna support (19), by means of the rod (16) linked thereto, a ball joint and sliding pivot (15) ensuring the movement of the antenna.

The parts (9, 1, 13) are always fixed. The parts (32, 25, 26) are adjusted in azimuth and are then fixed by the double device (26, 13) and the screw (34). The yoke (4) rotates around the fixed vertical axis (13). The elements (18, 14, 17) rotate around the axis of (25). The antenna support (19) has a combined movement of rotation relative to the yoke (4) and of rotation-translation relative to the engine support (14).

The vertical offset of the axes of rotation of elevation (36) and of articulation of the antenna support (19) on the yoke (4) via the axes (30) conditions the ratio of homothety and the distance between the axis of the support (25) and the center of the ball joint (15) according to the principle defined in the previous paragraph.

The cowling consists of two hemispheres (11) and (20). The cover (11) is linked to the orientation support axis (13) by a slightly hard fitting on the cylindrical part of the latter and locked by the screws (5). It has an internal diameter allowing the movement of the reducing motor support (18). The cover (20) centers and fits by clipping onto the cover (11) and is therefore easily removable and carries a slot allowing the passage of the boss of (19) carrying the axis (16). An inner cover (12) is centered and fitted onto the cover (11) to ensure the closing of the slot necessary for the movement of (19). A seal (3) seals between the yoke (4) and the support (1). The center of the covers is located at the intersection of axes (30) and (13).

A fifth variant (Figures 27 and 28) is characterized by negative homothety.

A mast (32) fixed in a garden, on a balcony, on a roof or along a vertical wall is adjusted approximately vertical by means of a level provided and described in another configuration. On this mast, the support (27) proper is finely adjusted by means of three pressure screws (31). This support is then fixed to the mast using three fixing screws (29).

The elevation support axis (23, 31) is then oriented well vertically with respect to the ground. This axis has a pivot connection with the support (27) which can be made total using the pressure screw (28). This fixed axis (23, 31) carries, on the one hand the yoke (18) and, on the other hand, the support followed in azimuth (7) and its adjustment by the worm (11). The yoke (18) has a pivot connection with the axis (23, 31) and is articulated on the antenna support (9) by means of the two articulation axes (16). The elevation adjustment system consists of a toothed wheel linked to (31) and meshing on an endless screw (11) linked to the azimuth tracking support (7) by a pivot link; these elements rotate around the axis (14), linked to the axis (23, 31), and placed in the center of the toothed wheel. This device is locked by a position holding screw (12). The azimuth tracking support (7) carries, by a pivot link, the reduction motor support (6) as well as a toothed wheel (8) totally linked to (7) and in which the worm (11) is mounted free to rotate. The motor (34) is a stepping motor. It includes a gear reducer and an output worm gear meshing on the wheel (8). The engine support (6) has with the antenna support (9), via the rod (32) linked to this, a ball joint and sliding pivot (33) ensuring the movement of the antenna.

The vertical offset of the axes of rotation of elevation (14) and of articulation of the antenna support (9) on the yoke (18) via the axes (16) conditions the ratio of homothety and the distance between the axis of the support (7) and the center of the ball joint (33) according to the principle defined in the previous paragraph.

The cowling consists of the elements (25, 26, 24). The cover (25) is fitted hard on the axis (23) and has the shape of a portion of a sphere. The cover (24) has a spherical base completed by a cylindrical upper part and is fixed on the antenna support (9) using the screws (17). The intermediate cover (25) in the form of a portion of a sphere slides both over the covers (24) and (25) during operation in order to seal the mechanism.

A sixth variant (Figures 29 and 30) is characterized by negative homothety.

A mast (32) fixed in a garden, on a balcony, on a roof or along a vertical wall is adjusted approximately vertical by means of a level provided and described in another configuration. On this mast, the support (27) proper is finely adjusted by means of three pressure screws (31). This support is then fixed to the mast using three fixing screws (29).

The elevation support axis (23, 33) is then oriented well vertically with respect to the ground. This axis has a pivot connection with the support (27) which can be made total using the pressure screw (28). This fixed axis (23, 33) carries, on the one hand the yoke (18) and, on the other hand, the support followed in azimuth (7) and its adjustment by the worm (11).

The yoke (18) has a pivot connection with the axis (23, 33) and is articulated on the antenna support (9) by means of the two articulation axes (16). The elevation adjustment system consists of a toothed wheel linked to (33) and meshing on an endless screw (11) linked to the azimuth tracking support (7) by a pivot link. These elements rotate around the axis (14), linked to the axis (23, 33) and placed in the center of the toothed wheel. This device is locked by a position holding screw (12). The azimuth tracking support (7) carries, by a pivot link, the reduction motor support (6) as well as a toothed wheel (8) totally linked to (7). The motor (37) is a stepping motor. It includes a gear reducer and an output worm gear meshing on the wheel (8). The motor support (6) has, with the antenna support (9), by means of the rod (34) linked to the latter, a ball joint and sliding pivot (35) ensuring the movement of the antenna.

The vertical offset of the axes of rotation of elevation (14) and of articulation of the antenna support (9) on the yoke (18) via the axes (16) conditions the ratio of homothety and the distance between the axis of the support (7) and the center of the ball joint (35) according to the principle defined in the previous paragraph.

The cowling consists of the elements (1, 24, 26). The cover (26) is fitted hard onto the fixed axis (23) and has a semi-spherical shape. The cover (1) linked to the antenna support (9) has a semi-spherical shape supplemented by a prismatic shape. The half-spherical cover (24) is centered and fixed on the cover (1) using the screws (17) and has a large opening allowing the support (27) to move relative to the antenna support (9). The cover (26) seals this opening.

A seventh variant (Figures 31, 32, 33) is characterized by a modification of the different other projects, applicable to all so that the different solutions could be modified.

This modification is applicable to all block diagrams (Figures 6 and 9).

The elevation adjustment system is reversed, that is to say that instead of having the toothed wheel linked to the lifting support axis and the worm screw linked by a pivot link to the tracking support in azimuth, it is this which has a pivot connection with the elevation support axis and the gear is linked to the azimuth tracking support. This solution considerably simplifies the production of parts, both for the elevation support and for the azimuth tracking support.

The azimuth tracking support has with the antenna support not a sliding ball joint with the rod linked to the antenna support, but a double pivot connection, one normal to the aforementioned rod and perpendicular to the plane of symmetry of the motor support, the other sliding axis that of the rod linked to the antenna support. This allows a significant reduction in costs and a significant reduction in the tilting torques of the antenna under the effect of the wind at the connection of this antenna support in the yoke.

These different modifications can be combined or separated from the same project.

The reduction gear is defined here as well as the mounting of the worm adjusting and monitoring in azimuth.

An eighth variant (Figure 9, 36 to 42) is identical to the project (Figures 10 to 16) for its structure and general solution but differs in that the connection (B) and the dish support are different. The connection (B), parts (11, 13, 12), and calibrated axis, is produced as for the seventh variant (Figures 31, 32, 33) for the whole but the calibrated axis comprises, for example, a longitudinal key forming with the accounting axis (12) a sliding link installing the plane of symmetry of this axis in the plane of symmetry of the monitoring system. So the plane of symmetry of this axis calibrated remains constantly parallel to the axis of rotation of the tracking system, that is to say perpendicular to the common plane of the geostationary orbit of the satellites and the equator. The calibrated axis comprises, with an intermediate part (20), a pivot connection, produced for example using two self-lubricating bearings, and is totally linked to the antenna support (7). The intermediate piece (20) has a pivot connection with the yoke (6) and has a sealing function for the opening with this yoke as in the project (Figures 10 to 16).

Figures 34 and 35 show an example of a two-speed gear reduction motor with output on a worm.

In summary, the antenna mount has a stepped axis (3) which can be finely adjusted vertically by means of an actual mount support (4), a yoke (6) articulated on this axis (3) defines a fixed point. (A) by the intersection of its axes, an axis (D) of latitude tilt (8) articulated horizontally at (M) point of the axis (3) and adjusted so as to be perpendicular to the plane of the equator, a monitoring system (9) articulated around (D), carries an annular linear connection (B) with a satellite dish support (7) articulated with the yoke (6), a set of protective and security casings, so that the kinematics of the mechanism reproduces a positive or negative homothety of center (A) with the orbital cone defined by its vertex (A), its axis the vertical of the place of implantation and its director the geostationary orbit of satellites, the ratio (AM / BM) being the same as that radius of the earth-radius of the orbit.

The frame support proper (4) comprises a base receiving the screws for fixing to the post and for adjusting the verticality and a vertical bore receiving the shouldered axis (3), the shouldered axis comprises two vertical cylinders of the same axis, one housed in the bore of (4), the other serving as an articulation for the yoke (6), a horizontal bore receiving the axis of rotation of the latitude tilt axis (8) and a housing of the wheel-screw tilting device endless (14), the tilt axis (8) comprises a pivot receiving the tracking system (9) which carries the annular linear link (B) and receives the worm-wheel system (16) and its group reduction motor (18), the yoke (6) articulated vertically on the axis (3) has a horizontal connection in yoke with the dish support (7) which carries a perpendicular rod and competing with the yoke axis receiving the connection linear annular and a support plane of the adaptation parts specific to each parabola normal to this rod.

The annular linear link between the tracking system (9) and the dish support (7) in (B) can be adjustable in the following position (BM) by means of a fixed slide link to adapt to the actual geoid of the earth by varying the ratio of homothety and by tilting the shouldered axis (3) according to the latitude of the place.

The tilt adjustment (8) is obtained using a worm-wheel system (14) immobilized by means of a pressure screw (15) and the displacement of the tracking system (9) by means a worm-wheel system (16) controlled by a reduction gear and a controlled rotation motor (18) allowing immobilization and mechanical resistance independent of the motive power ensuring security for gusty winds of 160 km / H and a sufficient reduction to ensure pointing accuracy (1) to 3 / 100th of a degree by simple rotation of the screws or of the motor according to a linear law between the rotation of the screws or of the motor and the rotation of the wheel and the elements which are linked.

Three adjustments are sufficient to ensure the exact pointing of the satellites: the first is the verticality adjustment of the shouldered axis (3) obtained using a spherical compass level (5) making it possible to appreciate a deviation of 1 / 100th of a degree by three pressure screws between the post and the actual mount support (4) and immobilized by means of four locking screws, the second is the orientation towards the meridian plane of the location of the plane of symmetry of the frame by means of a rotation of the shouldered axis (3) around the vertically adjusted axis of the bore of the frame support itself (4) and immobilized by means of a pressure screw, pinching, tangent buffers, etc. This adjustment is refined by pointing and focusing on a satellite, the latter by displaying the complementary angle of the latitude the location of the latitude tilt axis (8) by means of a worm-wheel system and immobilized using a pressure screw, the mechanism being set to zero in the factory, the axis (D) in the extension of the axis (3), the annular linear link (B) in the plane of symé sorts the frame.

The casing system consists of two elements of generally semi-spherical shape, linked together by clipping or screwing having for center either (A) and one of them is then linked to the yoke (6), or (M ) and the main casing is then linked either to the yoke (6) or to the stepped axis (3), another sliding casing being linked to the dish support (7). Complementary shapes of the other parts, gaskets or bellows, complete the complete closing of the mechanism, ensuring its protection from bad weather, plants and debris, insects and small animals as well as operational protection against people, children or pets.

In the case where it is desired that the plane of symmetry of the parabola remains constantly perpendicular to the plane of the orbit, FIG. 9, the parabola support (7) comprises with the fixing plate of the parabola, a pivot axis connection passing through point (A) of the mount in its plane of symmetry, this plate comprises with the monitoring system (9) a connection with three degrees of freedom: the first of translation along the axis of the pivot previous with the rod, the second of rotation between the rod and the frame of normal axis and concurrent with the previous and the third of rotation between the frame and the system of follow-up (9) of axis forming with the previous ones a rectangular trihedron .

The mechanism may be entirely internal to the cowling or the yoke and its connections are external thereto.

The parabola is fixed by means of adaptation parts according to the different models of parabolas, these parts have a single fixing by four fixing screws on an "offset" tilting support articulated along an axis parallel to the axis of the adjustable dish support-screed connection immobilizable in position on a plane of the parabola support normal to the plane defined by the axis of the rod receiving the annular linear connection (B).

The adaptation parts specific to each parabola are finely adjusted relative to the parabola support plate (7) by means of adjustment screws or shims inserted around the fixing screws of these adaptations to compensate for the manufacturing defects of the parables.

In order to meet more specific needs (Nordic countries, professional uses), it is necessary to be able to vary the aiming position in the vicinity of an average position located on the geostationary orbit (geosynchronized orbits ...).

• 1) On peut motoriser le réglage d'élévation qui permet de pointer n'importe quelle position de satellite. La monture perd alors sa caractéristique essentielle de pouvoir être pré-programmée en usine, puisque les angles d'élévation sur l'orbite sont alors propres au lieu d'implantation.
• 2) On peut (figures 44 à 52) ne pas lier directement le système de suivi avec le support de monture proprement dit mais insérer une pièce intermédiaire dite de réglage d'élévation sur l'orbite (19). Au moyen d'une articulation horizontale d'axe Δ₂ et perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation Δ₁ du système de suivi (9), on pourra modifier la visée au-dessus ou en dessous du plan orbital moyen. La visée moyenne est obtenue en A₁ par une rotation α' autour de Δ₁, on amène la visée en B₁ et Δ₂ en Δ'₂ , par une rotation de β' autour de Δ'₂ on amène la visée en P. Le mécanisme de monture étant homothétique de centre A avec la visée du satellite, les mêmes axes de rotation et les mêmes angles déduits de cette homothétie permettent la visée exacte du satellite sur son cycle orbital.

There are two ways to do this with this antenna mount:

• 1) The elevation adjustment can be motorized to point any satellite position. The frame then loses its essential characteristic of be able to be pre-programmed in the factory, since the elevation angles on the orbit are then specific to the location.
• 2) It is possible (FIGS. 44 to 52) not to directly link the tracking system with the frame support itself but to insert an intermediate piece called elevation adjustment on the orbit (19). By means of a horizontal articulation of axis Δ ₂ and perpendicular to the axis of rotation Δ ₁ of the tracking system (9), it is possible to modify the aiming above or below the average orbital plane. The average aim is obtained in A ₁ by a rotation α 'around Δ ₁ , we bring the aim in B ₁ and Δ ₂ in Δ' ₂ , by a rotation of β 'around Δ' ₂ we bring the aim in P The mount mechanism being homothetic with center A with the aiming of the satellite, the same axes of rotation and the same angles deduced from this homothety allow the exact aiming of the satellite on its orbital cycle.

This new axis of rotation a Δ ₂ between (9) and (19) is motorized by means of a double wheel-worm reducer coupled to a step motor. not for example, with pulse counting so that the angles of rotation follow a linear law with the rotation of the motor. The positioning of the aiming on the orbital cycle is carried out in orthonormal axes by two perpendicular rotations so that the equation of this cycle to carry out the computer programming of this one is extremely simplified.

• facilité de pose permettant la vente en "kit" ;
• précision absolue de visée ;
• pré-programmation en usine des orbites spécifiques indépendamment du lieu d'implantation de l'installation.

This solution keeps the main characteristics of the basic real tracking mount:

• ease of installation allowing the sale in "kit";
• absolute aiming accuracy;
• factory pre-programming of specific orbits regardless of the installation location.

The two gearmotor systems of the tracking system (16, 18) and the orbit elevation adjustment (20, 21) are identical to reduce costs and standardize the reference axes of the programming equations.

A maximum of common parts are kept between the basic general public monitoring system and that of specific uses (geosynchronized orbits) to reduce the production costs of the two products.

The part (19) retains the same connection with the actual antenna support (7) as in the basic device.

In the case of use for military purposes, civil security, mobile home or motorhome, the installation of such an antenna is carried out permanently on a reserved vehicle type "jeep" for example or at least on a base fixed post on a vehicle.

The "golf war", natural disasters show that there is a very significant deficiency in communications and that the possibilities of accessing directly to plans, documents, strategies, use of materials found on the spot but unknown to the rescuers, knowledge of installation plans (Chernobyl), of geological terrain, ... and the simple comfort of relaxing a stage in a car cruise, would make it possible to obtain a quality of interventions or a quality of reception of much more effective programs and much faster.

The installation being fixed or at least the post being permanently installed on the vehicle (Figure 53), it is useless to keep on the mount the fine adjustment of verticality since the parking lot of the vehicle is not necessarily horizontal. It is much simpler and quicker to obtain this adjustment by means of two articulations (1) and (2) of perpendicular and horizontal axes with respect to the vehicle (one (1) between the fixed support and the first arm d 'orientation (3), the other (2) between this orientation arm (3) and the second orientation arm (4)). These connections allow their adjustment and their immobilization with an amplitude of plus or minus 45 ° to take account of the terrain where the vehicle is installed. The adjustment is obtained by means of two levels (5) and (6) installed on the slewing arms.

The upper part of the frame or frame itself can be folded inside the vehicle to "pass" more unnoticed or better circulate on the road or in the middle of crowded places or with heavy vegetation.

In this way, in less than five minutes after stopping the vehicle, the occupants can be in direct contact with the headquarters, receive plans, documents, operating modes, diagrams of nuclear power plants and key points, images of the objectives. , ..., in order to best fulfill their mission using satellite images emitted from a transmitting cell which itself receives live images from command centers or spy satellites or simply watch their favorite shows.

This application can be particularly effective in the event of floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, large fires, nuclear accidents, as well as for military uses (Somalia, Yugoslavia, ...) or to take advantage of your holidays.

Claims (13)

1. Antenna mount for direct multisatellite television, characterized by a vertical shaft (3) which can be finely oriented in a vertical position by means of a mount support (4); a clevis (6) which can pivot about this shaft (3) and defines a fixed point (A) by the intersection of its axes with the shaft (3); a shaft (D) for latitude inclination (8) which is articulated about a horizontal shaft passing through a point (M) on the shaft (3) and is adjusted so as to be perpendicular to the equatorial plane; a tracking system (9) which can pivot about the latitude inclination shaft (D) bears a linear annular connection (B) to a parabola support (7) articulated to the clevis (6), so that the kinematics of the mechanism reproduces a positive or negative homothetic relationship of ratio AM/BM and centre (A) with the orbital cone defined by its vertex (A), its axis consisting of the vertical to the installation site, and its directrix, consisting of the geostationary satellite orbit, the ratio AM/BM being the same as that of the radius of the earth/radius of the orbit.
2. Antenna mount according to Claim 1, characterized in that the mount support (4) has a base which receives screws for fastening on the mast and for vertical adjustment, and a vertical bore which receives the shaft (3), the shaft includes two vertical cylinders with the same axis, one housed in the bore of the mount support (4) and the other used for articulation to the clevis (6), a horizontal bore which receives the rotation shaft of the latitude inclination shaft (8) and a housing for the worm/wheel inclination device (14), the inclination shaft (8) includes a pivot which receives the tracking system (9) which bears the linear annular connection (B) and the worm/wheel system (16) and its geared motor unit (18), the clevis (6) articulated vertically to the shaft (3) has a horizontal clevis connection to the parabola support (7) which bears a rod that is perpendicular to and concurrent with the shaft receiving the linear annular connection and a bearing plane for the adaptation parts inherent to each parabola normal to this rod.
3. Antenna mount according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear annular connection between the tracking system (9) and the parabola support (7) at (B) can be adjusted in position (over the segment (BM)) by means of a lockable slide connection for matching the true geoid of the earth by varying the homothetic support and by inclining the shaft (3) according to the latitude of the site.
4. Antenna mount according to Claim 1, characterized in that the inclination adjustment (8) is obtained with the aid of a worm/wheel system (14) which is locked by means of a pressure screw (15), and the displacement of the tracking system (9) is obtained by means of a worm/ wheel system (16) controlled by a gear and a controlled-rotation motor (18) allowing locking and mechanical resistance independent of the drive power, ensuring safety for 160 km/h gusts of wind and gearing reduction which is sufficient to ensure the accuracy of the aiming (1) to 3/100 of a degree by simply rotating the screws or the motor according to a linear law between the rotation of the screws or the motor and the rotation of the wheel and elements which are connected to it.
5. Antenna mount according to Claim 1, characterized in that three adjustment means which are sufficient to ensure exact aiming at the satellites consist: first of a level/spherical compass (5) making it possible to assess a deviation of 1/100 of a degree by three pressure screws between the mast and the mount support proper (4) and locked by means of four locking screws for vertical adjustment of the shouldered shaft (3), second of a means for rotating the shouldered shaft (3) about the vertically adjusted axis of the bore of the mount support proper (4) which is locked by means for ensuring that the plane of symmetry of the mount is oriented towards the meridian plane of the installation site, and last of a worm/wheel system locked using a pressure screw so as to display the complementary angle of the latitude of the installation site of the latitude inclination shaft (8); the mechanism comprising the three adjustment means being set to zero in the workshop, the shaft (D) in extension of the shaft (3), and the linear annular connection (B) in the plane of symmetry of the mount.
6. Antenna mount according to Claim 5, characterized in that the adjustment is refined by aiming and focusing on a satellite.
7. Antenna mount according to Claim 1, characterized in that it includes a system of casings which consists of two generally hemispherical elements connected together by snap-fastening or screwing and having as centre either the point (A), in which case one of them is then connected to the clevis (6), or the point (M), in which case a so-called main casing is then connected either to the clevis (6) or to the shouldered shaft (3), another sliding casing being connected to the parabola support (7), with full closure of the mechanism being effected by complementary shapes, seals or gussets.
8. Antenna mount according to Claim 1, characterized in that the parabola support (7) has a pivot connection to the fastening plate of the parabola, with an axis passing through the point (A) of the mount in its plane of symmetry, this plate has a connection with three degrees of freedom to the tracking system (9): the first of translation along the axis of the preceding pivot to the rod, the second of rotation between the rod and the frame, with an axis normal to and concurrent with the former, and the third of rotation between the frame and the tracking system (9), with an axis forming a right-angled trihedron with the first two.
9. Antenna mount according to claim 7, characterized in that the mechanism is fully internal to the casing and its connections are external thereto.
10. Antenna mount according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the parabola is fastened by means of parts for adaptation according to the various parabola models, these parts have a single fastening by 4 fastening screws on an offset inclination support articulated about an axis parallel to the axis of the clevis/parabola support connection, which is adjustable and lockable in position on a plane of the parabola support normal to the plane defined, by tile axis of the rod receiving the linear annular connection (B).
11. Antenna mount according to Claim 10, characterized in that the adaptation parts inherent to each parabola are finely adjusted with respect to the panel of the parabola support (7) by means of screws or adjustment blocks.
12. Antenna mount according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in order to track the satellites with orbital cycle around a geostationary mean position, the tracking system is not directly connected to the antenna support proper by a linear annular connection but by a part for adjusting elevation on the orbit (19), which has an articulation connection to the tracking system of horizontal axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tracking system, passing through the point (M) of the mount and a linear annular connection to the antenna support proper is interposed; the rotation is controlled by a double worm/wheel gear coupled to a stepper motor with pulse counting for example, so that by cumulating an additional rotation of the tracking system about its axis perpendicular to the equatorial plane and this rotation, the orbital cycle of the satellite is obtained by using the homothetic relationship of centre (A) of the mechanism so as to obtain the programming equations for this cycle in orthonormal and independent axes of the installation site of the system.
13. Antenna mount according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it furthermore includes a pole support intended to be installed permanently on a vehicle and receives a pole composed of two orientation arms (3) and (4) having two articulations (1) and (2) to the pole support, on the one hand, and to one another, on the other hand, which are perpendicular and horizontal with respect to the chassis of the vehicle which make it possible to adjust and lock the setting of the verticality of the mount support proper with an amplitude of plus or minus 45°; this adjustment is obtained by means of two levels (5) and (6) fitted on the orientation arms.

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