CN1046379C

CN1046379C - Multi-satellite TV antenna

Info

Publication number: CN1046379C
Application number: CN94190923A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 雅克·莫尔林
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1993-01-11
Filing date: 1994-01-11
Publication date: 1999-11-10
Anticipated expiration: 2014-01-11
Also published as: DE69404825T2; KR960700535A; ATE156630T1; GR3025285T3; ES2108419T3; CN1117326A; JPH08506224A; FR2700419B1; EP0798805A2; PL309888A1; FR2700419A1; DE69404825D1; PL173466B1; EP0678220B1; CA2153575A1; WO1994016469A1; EP0678220A1; BR9406553A; AU5836394A; EP0798805A3

Abstract

A direct multisatellite television antenna mount, wherein a vertical shaft is finely adjustable by means of a mount support, a yoke pivotably connected to the shaft defines a fixed point (A), a latitude tilt shaft (D) is horizontally pivotable about a point (M) of shaft and adjusted to be perpendicular to the equatorial plane, and a tracking system is pivotable about (D) and carries an annular linear link (B) with a dish holder pivotably connected to the yoke so that motion of the mechanism recreates a positive or negative centre homothety with the orbital cone defined by its apex (A), its axis being the local vertical, its directrix being the geostationary orbit of the satellites, and the ratio AM:BM being the same as the ratio between the Earth's radius and the orbital radius.

Description

The multi-satellite TV antenna holder

What the present invention relates to is the antenna holder of using the TV of geostationary satellite direct communication.Satellite is a geostationary satellite, that is to say with respect to the earth and fix,, promptly receive the possibility that transmits in order to increase for the possibility that makes reception is in optimum state, antenna holder can in turn aim at those satellites, so that accept their transmitting separately.

Track is the geo-stationary orbit in the plane under the line, is its center with ground ball center, and radius is 42164 kms, that is to say, and be for 12756 kms for locating the ground bulb diameter under the line, be 35786 kms with respect to ground level.

Fig. 1 has illustrated how to determine the earth, earth equatorial plane, equator, ball center (O), place (M), the antenna of laying antenna lay a little vertical line and (geometrical relationship) problem of antenna itself.

At present, many satellite antennas support has two engines, or passes through exploration one by one, perhaps lays the stored information of venue specific by message handling program and antenna station, and each satellite can take accurate aim; Aforementioned many satellite antennas support or have single motor approaches tracking means but have one.Therefore many satellite antennas of first kind device is very expensive, be the large-scale antenna of leaving professional purpose for, and second many satellite antennas of class device is based on two kinds of different mechanism.

First kind of mechanism (Fig. 2) is: the vertical line of determining to lay the place, and the such axle of day wire-wound is rotated: antenna axis moves in perpendicular to the plane of the vertical line of laying the place (MO), and along straight line (D ＇) cutting orbit plane, therefore the aiming of satellite is very approximate, can only receive near the seldom several satellites of sagittal plane that are positioned at the earth that comprises pole axis and place, antenna station, and receive very bad.

Second kind of mechanism (Fig. 3) is: determine and aforementioned same factor, but in the meridian plane, tilt to lay a complementary angle of the latitude in place to the hinged rotating shaft of antenna, so that this axle is perpendicular to equatorial plane, and antenna axis is tilted with respect to this rotating shaft, so that antenna beam is depicted a rotary cone, the latter bottom center in the plane under the line lays the place projection on the plane under the line, and the sweep limits of wave beam and orbit plane intersection are off-centre operations with respect to ground ball center.

Aiming becomes more accurate, but when people want to aim at a liftoff horizontal line and hang down the satellite of any a little, like this, just becomes too unrealistic, and the latter must have more large-scale antenna, and aforementioned presetting angle be the antenna station lay place intrinsic (Fig. 5).

In fact, when one of aiming with respect to meridian plane constitute greater than 15 spend to the angles of deviation of 20 degree satellite the time, collimating fault will so obviously so that it will cause or the diameter over dimensioning of parabolic antenna is processed, perhaps use a very accurate and expensive electronic equipment, or be received in the reality of selecting only can correctly be received particular transmission in the wave beam by a small margin by the aiming satellite.Like this, those are not just not transmit in the face of the country of particular satellite just receives, those countries with a vast territory (U.S., the Soviet Union, China, India etc.) or those language districts or (French Africa, interests district, Muslim country with regard to religion, Japan and the Southeast Asia with regard to culture) just be forced to or can not link up, perhaps should increase straight-through telstar; Telecommunication satellite for specialty also is the same.

The present invention can remedy these defectives.In fact, only the invention enables and just can aim at (satellite) track exactly with a motor, have and be suitable for the angle that antenna is laid the latitude in place, and, in order to aim at each different satellite, have (corresponding to each satellite) specific with equipment lay the irrelevant swing (Fig. 6) in place.Therefore, it is less that antenna just can size, lays much also simply, and is easy to realize that because irrelevant with the place, device can be equipped one and be enclosed within the program that factory works out in advance.The installation of equipment can by one be not subjected to the training the people carry out, also without measuring instrument, and present antenna must be installed by skilled installation professional.

The method of using in order to achieve this end is as follows: antenna beam is drawn a circle in the plane under the line, and the latter is the geo-stationary orbit of straight-through telstar.Antenna beam therefore should be always one to lay the place with the antenna station be the summit, be a bus of the oblique cone of inclined shaft with the vertical line of this place by ground ball center, and as this oblique cone under the line the directrix in the plane be aforementioned geo-stationary orbit.If use plane cutting this oblique cone parallel with equatorial plane, the directrix of this circular cone on this plane is that a joining with the vertical line of laying the place at this plane and antenna station is the circle at center, radius is proportional, so that two parts of circular cone (set out be limited between this track and the summit determined part and be limited in being parallel to aforementioned (cutting) plane of equatorial plane and the part between the summit by geo-stationary orbit) are to be like the centre bit with the summit, the position like ratio be the earth radius divided by from conical tip to the aforementioned plane that is parallel to equatorial plane with the distance of intersection point of the vertical line of laying the place, this position may be positive or negative (Fig. 4) like property.

The device that can reach this purpose Fig. 8 constitutes according to following universal model.Vertical axes props up 1 and micro-tensioning system 4 and sets up by fix one on support.On this axle, two fixing point A and M are arranged.At the M point, make a D wind axle perpendicular to meridian plane and rotate and equal the angle of complementary angle that antenna is laid the latitude in place, so that axle D is perpendicular to equatorial plane.1 B that links to each other with axle D is drawing one with round like the aforementioned geo-stationary orbit position when this rotates.The paraboloidal axle that makes antenna is always by some A and some B, and this straight line AB just in time is a bus of the oblique cone of regulation in a section in front.If parabola is so-called " biasing ", that is to say, if its fixed pan is not orthogonal to the symmetry axis (antenna is just in this plane) of the endless of the paraboloid of revolution but is oblique, just should make this plane that a reverse inclination angle is arranged on support, so as to make aforementioned symmetry axis return to along or be parallel on the direction of AB.Mainly be under the situation of " biasing " antenna, it is important a plane of antenna, for example symmetrical plane always remains parallel to itself in the process that moves.In order to reach this purpose, antenna holder should only have two kinds of rotations rather than three kinds of rotations, the for example rotation perpendicular to the plane of symmetry of antenna of the rotation of vertical direction and level, this is more rational in any case, because two kinds of energy of rotations are determined straight line in the space.At the B point, connection between antenna holder and arm BM should allow three kinds of rotations and a kind of translation freely carry out (aforementioned three kinds of rotations are formed by two kinds of straight line AB rotations with around the rotation of straight line D), because have limit (AM and BM) that two length fix and the triangle AMB of a variable angle ABM is deformable.The method of Que Dinging is placed into the symmetrical plane of offset antenna on the direction that is parallel to the vertical line of laying the place like this.Under people wanted this plane of symmetry of antenna always to keep perpendicular to orbit plane and with respect to this track to be radially such a case, the rotating shaft MB of dual-purpose axle AB and tracking system was installed with a sliding connector perpendicular to the latter (Fig. 9) together.

Because aforementioned two circular cones are like the position, in order to carry out the transition on another satellite, and be identical in perpendicular to the plane of straight line D in the plane under the line around the angle of M point rotation around angle that ground ball center rotates and B point from a satellite.Because satellite is fixed with respect to the earth, determine as described above swing itself on support also be determine constant, and with device lay place irrelevant (Fig. 6).Therefore can program to rotation in advance during fabrication, just only need then to have determined zero point to program according to the longitude of laying a little.Therefore this support only has the two kinds of adjustings that will carry out: the rotating shaft of straight line D is placed on device lays in the meridian plane in place, the inclination angle of an angle adjusting D who equates according to the complementary angle with the latitude of laying the place.It may be easy that adjusting in meridian plane is carried out as follows: around laying the vertical line tumbler in place, pause subsequently, after the point of theory that demonstrates satellite, carry out the adjusting about the signal that intercepts this satellite.Aforementioned adjusting is finished like this: after determining to lay the vertical line in place, when showing the angle of being sought, by means of a method vernier scale or other machinery and vision, or by means of a stepping motor, or use message count and the coordinate converter of instrument especially, thereby make this product on a large scale, to sell.

Consider in hope the earth circle defective and carry out under the situation of meticulousr aiming, can make AM at (being vertical under the normal condition) the very little angle correction that tilts in the meridian plane on the one hand, and on the other hand, can equip the fine tuning device of a length (MB) to antenna holder.Except some numerical tabulars thereby be necessary, but the quality of aiming is absolute perfect, the deviation that causes by setter.

The antenna holder of the straight-through TV of satellite, be characterized in a mechanism that can make antenna beam draw an oblique cone, this circular cone is the summit with the place of laying of equipment, is inclined shaft with the vertical line in this place by ground ball center, is directrix with the geo-stationary orbit of satellite; Aforementioned brackets has the axle of vertically being regulated for this reason, on this axle, two fixing points are arranged, one is the summit A of circular cone, another is that a M point apart from d is arranged from this summit, this point determines that a position is like ratio, equal the radius of d divided by the earth, an axle D is through the M point, and can in meridian plane, be tilted an angle, this angle is the complementary angle of the angle of latitude of laying the place at antenna station, the arm MB that to also have the length of rotating around aforementioned axis D be r (d and r are proportional with the radius of the radius of the earth and aforementioned geo-stationary orbit respectively), when rotating, in the plane that is parallel to aforementioned geo-stationary orbit plane, draws out on this arm the round C that a center is M, wave beam is along straight line AB direction or be parallel to this straight line, this wave beam draws and is related to the circular cone that is aimed at track, by summit A, the oblique cone that axle AMO and directrix circle C determines and track circular cone are like the position, and the position is the radius of d divided by the earth like ratio, and this position is like may being positive or (Fig. 8) that bear.

In order to consider the true shape of the earth, and determined some numerical tabulars, vertical axis has been tilted in meridian plane, so that vertical axis is veritably by ground ball center.Angle of considering the actual latitude in place of sloping shaft D in meridian plane (front is determined), and the length of regulating arm MB so that take accurate aim track very much.

In order to make device have the linear rule of rotation with respect to control (device), and in order to ensure with the irreversibility of the irrelevant motion of control device so that homing position is fixing and can wind resistance, moving the terminal parts of control is realized by the worm and gear system, the gear teeth of this worm gear-endless screw system and the ratio of module make an enough accurate deceleration, the precision that obtains aiming at by the rotation of adjusting screw simply.The ratio of the gear teeth of worm gear-endless screw system and module makes the gear teeth have irreversibility and enough mechanical resistance with individually or resist the per hour strong wind of the exception of 160 kms under the situation of replenishing a fixture.

Aforementioned brackets only has three kinds of adjustings, the adjusting of the perpendicularity of the shouldered pin 3 of first formation straight line AM, another is the adjusting of laying the symmetrical plane orientation of aforementioned brackets in the meridian plane in place at the antenna station, be to lay the elevation angle that the complementary angle of the latitude in place carries out according to the antenna station to regulate at last, because device is adjusted in factory, AM is on the extended line of shouldered pin, and because be after aiming, to carry out and be to finely tune at a satellite in the fine setting in the meridian plane, these are regulated all is simple, except with the subsidiary equipment of support without any need for special equipment.

For meet near child or the safety in operation of domestic animal aspect, at anti-bad weather aspect of performance with at vegetal debris and some toy (insects; birds etc.) nest problem to all requirements of very strict particulars of sale of mechanical protection aspect; support is protected by a housing system; but housing system makes it the invasion and attack of wind-engaging; and those dangerous parts of machinery have been protected; guarantee enough water proofing properties simultaneously, to guarantee to realize the requirement of aforementioned particulars of sale.

First embodiment (Figure 11 is to Figure 16).Vertical axis is made of the bearing 4 of a pillar 1 and a narrow sense support, and pillar can be installed in the garden, on the roof, on balcony, or the front in house.Pillar has a flange on its top, three be separated by 120 ° screw hole and screw holes of central authorities are arranged on flange, first three hole is on a circle of pillar, the bearing 4 of aforementioned brackets has four smooth holes and three screw holes of aforementioned four screw holes that adapt to pillar, so that can tighten in the screw hole of aforementioned bearing and the direction of support bearing is changed by three pressure screws, and this bearing is fixed on the pillar by four attachment screws in four holes that tighten to described pillar, this bearing has the bore hole of a standard, so that realize being connected, and be exactly this by vertical adjusting or along the angular adjustment of a correction with the dismountable pin of antenna holder.By a shouldered pin that matches with the aperture of bearing, aforementioned brackets and this bearing connect together securely, and aforementioned shouldered pin is fastened on its position by for example pressure screw, a kind of anchor clamps or a tangent gland.

The adjusting of the perpendicularity of pillar and the adjusting of antenna support, the symmetrical plane of support is all controlled by the level meter-compass 5 of a precision with the parallel of the meridian plane of location of the machine to be installed, it is that air-bubble level by a circle constitutes, its radius of curvature at the bubble place makes it can judge 1/100 degree (radius is more than or equal to 1.5 meters), comprise a unsteady needle in the aforementioned bubble, form compass.This level meter is attached to its lower surface on the flange of aforementioned pillar to finish coarse adjustment, and be attached on the supporting surface in the antenna support of shouldered pin of aforementioned brackets, the bore hole of this face and aforementioned bearing is because fully vertical, limbus graticule on the transparent upper surface of level meter guarantee the perpendicularity of axle of the bore hole of antenna support can be in the meridian plane of laying the place of equipment " inclination " angle correction, finely tune to consider geoid.

Connection between paraboloidal bearing and support is realized by two movable joints, one be between the shouldered pin 3 of aforementioned narrow sense support and intermediary's part that is called forked standard 6 vertical pivot (aforementioned shouldered pin 3 is parallel with vertical pivot) another 24 be shell-like, at forked standard 6 with have between the parabolic bearing 7 of trunnion axis so that these two axles are intersected in aforementioned A point.These movable joints can be realized by the sliding bearing or the ball bearing of for example sealing.

The shouldered pin 3 of support has a shell-like movable joint, and the latitude sloping shaft 8 of trunnion axis and support is connected together, and this pin crosses with the band shoulder straight pin of this same part, and joint is exactly aforementioned M point, and with the tenon shoulder one length being arranged is the distance of AM.This point is to be determined by the combination of following parts: the shouldered pin of aforementioned narrow sense support, forked standard, the hinge axis of parabolic bearing and connecting band cotter pin and latitude sloping shaft.

The shouldered pin of latitude sloping shaft 8 (Figure 11) and aforementioned narrow sense support has an aforementioned cover shape movable joint and an index zone shoulder straight pin together, forms the pivot of tracking system 9, and aforementioned straight pin is positioned in the plane of symmetry of movable joint perpendicular to the axle of its cover shape movable joint.

Tracking system 9 (Figure 10 and Figure 12) comprises the shouldered bore hole of a standard, pivotally connected with aforementioned latitude sloping shaft by for example sliding bearing or one of ball bearing formation, chute 10 with the vertical axis of an aforementioned tracking system 9, its symmetrical plane comprises this axle, the feasible ball-and-socket joint supporting member 11 that can accept to form aforementioned connection B.

Form to connect the ball-and-socket joint supporting member 11 (Figure 13 and Figure 10) of B but have a slide block to be placed in the chute of tracking system of scalable and fixed position, a bore hole that is parallel to slide block is arranged and at the ball-and-socket joint 12 (Figure 10) of the hollow of accepting in the symmetrical plane of this slide block to buy on the special or market, so that the pivot of the zero latitude sloping shaft of the axle that the center of aforementioned ball-and-socket joint is connected with aforementioned forked standard has a distance abreast, the axle that aforementioned forked standard connects links to each other with the shouldered pin of aforementioned narrow sense support, and the center of ball-and-socket joint and aforementioned pivot vertically have a distance, be positioned in the symmetrical plane of aforementioned tracking system, so that ratio AM/BM equals the ratio of earth radius and aforementioned geo-stationary orbit radius.

Parabolic bearing 7 vertically and has the bore hole of a standard with crossing in its symmetrical plane, it accepts a standard axle 13, this forms completely detachable connection with bore hole, this axle freely slides in aforementioned hollow ball-and-socket joint, there is a parabolic fixed platform to be parallel to the axle of aforementioned forked standard, the plane that forms with respect to standard bore hole by aforementioned forked standard and aforementioned bearing, aforementioned fixation platform inclination angle is that a fixing angle equals 90 ° for the parabola of those symmetries, is an angle that equals " biasing " angle for aforementioned " biasing " parabola perhaps.Perhaps, aforementioned bearing has a pivot that is parallel to the forked standard of aforementioned parabolic bearing, thereby accepts one to the distinctive adapter of the parabolic type that is used, and also has the locking and the adjusting device of the supporting surface and the aforementioned adapter of aforementioned adapter.

The tilting gearing of aforementioned sloping shaft realizes that by means of a worm gear-endless screw system 14 (Figure 10) accuracy that its deceleration device with vernier scale that is connected with worm screw can show is about 1/100 degree.This system is irreversible, and is replenished completely by the lock-screw 15 of a fixed position, makes it possible to resist the influence of most of bad weather to antenna, thereby for limited volume, intensity and keep the very capable of original position.Support is adjusted when assembling in factory, so that the pivot of tilting gearing is parallel to the shouldered pin of the antenna holder of narrow sense.

Mobile control with respect to the tracking system of sloping shaft realizes by means of a worm gear-endless screw output device 16 and a decelerator 17.Wherein worm gear and sloping shaft connect together, and worm screw with tracking system have one pivotally connected, decelerator or gear reduction unit, or second worm gear one endless screw system, its input parts are stepping motors 18, the motor casket is ined succession tracking system so that each step rotation of motor is rotated an angle corresponding to tracking system with respect to sloping shaft, and this angle is preferably less than 1/100 degree.

Connection B between tracking system and parabolic bearing can realize by two orthogonal pivotally connected 19, horizontal pivot is perpendicular to the tracking rotating shaft of sloping shaft, and by the symmetrical plane of intermediary's part perpendicular to it, another vertical connecting axle is vertical in the horizontal level of antenna beam, between aforementioned intermediary part and aforementioned dual-purpose axle, this connecting axle is installed with the hole of a level, pivot perpendicular to tracking system, all aforementioned axis all are intersected in the mathematical point B in the tracking system symmetrical plane, so just realized a kind ofly having three rotational freedoms and one along MB (Figure 31, the connection of translational degree of freedom 32,33).

If want paraboloidal symmetrical plane always to keep perpendicular to aforementioned orbit plane, in second schematic diagram, adorning a chute perpendicular to the rotating shaft of tracking system in the aforementioned paragraphs on the described dual-purpose axle connects, its sliding axle with a standard axle in the symmetrical plane of aforementioned system, its shape is complementary, with the part that is called parabolic bearing have one pivotally connected, therefore parabola is connected in (Fig. 9 on the aforesaid standards axle fully by a paraboloidal adapter that is connected in the standard bearing on the aforesaid standards axle and suit various models and specification fully, Figure 31, Figure 32, Figure 33).

Relevant position this means if the position seemingly is positive like being positive or negative, and mathematical point A is just above mathematical point M, and connector B is positioned at paraboloidal the same side with respect to the vertical line AM that the rotation axis by forked standard 6 strip winding cotter pins 3 constitutes; On the throne like under the negative situation, M point A order above, connector B and parabola are distributed in the both sides of aforementioned vertical line AM.

Under situation like a kind of normotopia; aforementionedly guarantee for child; the safety of adult and domestic animal; guarantee to reduce the chance that wind-engaging attacks; the housing of guaranteeing the mechanical protection of anti-bad weather and anti-vegetable remains thing and toy (insect etc.) generally is spherical; it is centered close to the A point of machinery; be two

hollow hemispheres

20 and 21; a hemisphere wraps in another; it is oblique and perpendicular to the symmetrical plane of support in conjunction with the plane; so that the forefield of antenna can be accepted the projection of a boring; the latter is aligned in aforementioned housing on the forked standard, and with two hold-down screws this projection is fixed on the aforementioned forked standard.In symmetrical plane one to form opening that the standard axle of connector B passes through with ball-and-socket joint and has one to enter the inner external flange of machinery for block water, snow, residual thing in order to make.Allow the water of condensation flow out in the hole of aforementioned lower part of frame.Another part of housing is hemispheric, except coating with another half-phase without any special details.

Aforementioned parabolic bearing has a spherical part 24 topped mouths of opening on aforementioned housing, with the sealing that guarantees to realize with gap and diaphragm seal between aforementioned housing and the bearing.

In a kind of modification; under situation like the normotopia, housing generally is spherical as the front; but except the protection that provides by parabolic bearing; also have one second housing in the ground floor enclosure interior, be the part sphere, link to each other with the projection of following the tracks of bearing; this makes and couples together between bearing and the spherical hinge; therefore be formed with the double-deck baffle plate of sealing function, the amplitude of spherical part is such, makes the opening always " sealing " of main casing.

Under situation like the negative position, housing is to be made of a general main casing spherical in shape, is used for fixing on parabolic bearing by a tunnel shape.This housing has a big opening with inner flange, and in this housing, intermediary's housing of a sphere freely slides, and in its bottom a big opening with inner flange is arranged, and an external flange is arranged at an upper portion thereof.In aforementioned second housing, the 3rd spherical shell arranged, flange and an external flange that tighten with one or that paste are placed on the shouldered pin of support, so that all driven by their flanges separately with respect to the motion of aforementioned housing, the amplitude of these motions is consistent with the motion possibility of housing.The centre of sphere of these housings overlaps with the A point of machinery.

In a kind of modification, under situation like the negative position, housing is made of an external shell divided into two parts, a top part keeps spherical, extend a tunnel shape, this partial fixing is on parabolic bearing, another part is connected by screw or jockey, it is a hemisphere, a big lower openings is arranged, make that part can relative motion, a spherical inner shell is connected on the shouldered pin by a flange that tighten or that be stained with, this spherical shell always covers the lower openings of external shell to guarantee sealing, and the center of these balls all overlaps with the A point.

In a kind of modification, under situation like the negative position, shouldered pin can be a deflection, and separated into two parts, couple together rigidly between them, so that shell can be realized with the cover of the outside of ball portion in two, connect together with screw or jockey between them, its part near apart from parabola is equipped with a flange, on the terminal part of tightening or be pasted and fixed on shouldered pin, second half housing has a big opening, it can make the standard axle that forms connector B pass through, and the spherical shell of second inside is connected on the bearing of tracking system by a flange at the ball-and-socket joint place with the method for tightening or paste, and this second housing is in the overall process of the relative motion of each part of machinery, sealing the opening of external shell, so that guarantee its sealing with narrow passage always.The center of these housings is on the M of machinery point, and for the flange and the aforementioned flange that is connected and the paraboloidal fixed head that is the forked standard shape of connecting band ball-and-socket nodal axisn, parabolic bearing can have an outside spherical parts, to guarantee the protection to housing and machinery.

In a kind of modification, bearing the position like under the situation of property, shell can be realized with a spherical shell divided into two parts, connect with screw or jockey between these two parts, its underpart has a flange to be in the vertical axis of forked standard and is connected on the forked standard with methods such as screw, clamping or stickups.Also have a poroid opening in the symmetrical plane of machinery, pass through can convey the standard axle that ball-and-socket joint forms connector B, this Kong Youyi lid passes through by the connector of other function surface of this and parabolic support.The center of this housing is at the A of machinery point.

Rotate, some valve rubbers translation, columniform or spiral soft fold shape can install, to improve sealing and supply sealing under the situation of part mechanical device in outside.

All not protected friction surfaces all are equipped with baffle plate and stop that humidity enters.

The structure of machinery integral can be: perhaps in the inside of shell, perhaps aforementioned forked standard and jockey thereof are in the outside of shell.

Paraboloidal fixedly is to realize with the paraboloidal part that adapts to various models.These adaptive parts have a kind of fixing means of uniqueness: with four screw on " biasing " inclination bearing, this support is hinged along an axle that is parallel to the axle that connects between parabolic bearing-forked standard, this fixedly is adjustable, and can be on parabolic bearing plane the fixed position, parabolic bearing plane is perpendicular to the plane of being determined by the connecting axle between the standard axle that forms connector B with ball-and-socket joint and forked standard-parabolic bearing and perpendicular to the symmetrical plane of machinery.

The adaptive part of those of each antenna-specific props up seat board with respect to parabola and regulates subtly with the cushion block of screw or variable thickness, aforementioned cushion block embed these adaptive fixture upper screw around, the defective made from the compensation part.

Above-mentioned various solution can or by sub-assembly, perhaps by the part use that is completely integrated, and do not hinder the good operation of machinery.

Support has the size grades or the independent size grades of some part of package unit, so that not only from the intensity angle but also from the parabolic antenna of suitable various sizes such as aesthstic angle, mobility angle.

Now, several other non-restrictive example are arranged here, they are discrepant in structure, the selection of position like symbol or other part solution.

First kind of modification (seeing Figure 17 and 18) has positive position like feature.

Furnishing is vertical approx by the level meter of describing in another scheme for the fixing pillar of in the garden, fixing on the balcony, on the roof or along a vertical wall 23.On this pillar, three pressure screws of bearing 21 usefulness and the precision level of narrow sense are regulated subtly, and the accuracy of level meter reading is 0.01 number of degrees magnitude; Then, this bearing is fixed on the pillar by means of three hold-down screws 22.

Elevation angle back shaft 18 is orientated fully vertically with respect to ground.This axle with bearing 21 have one pivotally connected, this connection can be finished by means of pressure screw 26.The axle 18 of aforementioned fixation has forked standard 16 on the one hand, has the orientation on the other hand and follows the tracks of bearing 33, and the latter regulates with screw rod 29.Forked standard 16 and the axle of for example realizing 18 by means of two self-lubricating bearings 19 have one pivotally connected, and be hinged on the antenna support 15 with two jointed shafts 5.Elevation angle regulating system is engaged on the gear 28 on the pivotally connected worm screw 29 that is connected on the orientation tracking bearing 33 by one and constitutes; These elements all center on axle 13 and rotate, and this axle is connecting axle 18, and place the central authorities of gear 28.Therefore the aforementioned elevation angle (adjusting) system be accurately, irreversible thereby should not be irregular.This locking device comes completion by a dog screw 12, and this screw is avoided any vibration and the resistance of stiffening device when the equipment wind-engaging attacks.The orientation follow the tracks of bearing 33 by one by means of for example two self-lubricating bearings realize pivotally connected have gear motor support 34 and be connected in the orientation fully follow the tracks of a gear 36 on the bearing 33.Motor 35 is stepper motors, and its power should be able to be operated under 110 kilometers/hour wind speed.It has a gear reduction unit and an output worm screw 37 that meshes with gear 36.Therefore system is irreversible, and this makes can distinguish the maximum conditions that allow 110 kilometers/hour wind operating and the maximum conditions of the resistivity of antenna under 160 kilometers/hour wind is controlled.In addition, a kind of linear rule is arranged between revolution and azimuth rotation, this just can calculate accurately to azimuthal position.Motor bracket 34 has ball-and-socket joint connection and guarantees the slip fulcrum 10 that antenna moves with antenna bearing 15 (by means of the bar 8 that is connected with antenna support).

Aforementioned part

23,21,18,28 is always fixed.

Part

29,33,36 is regulated the orientation, and is fixing by

dual installation

28,29 and screw 12 then.

Forked standard 16 rotates round fixing vertical axes 18.

Element

34,35,37 rotates around axle 38.Antenna support 15 can be made compound motion, and this compound motion is by combining with respect to the rotation of forked standard 16 with respect to the rotation manual of motor bracket 34.

Elevation rotating shaft 13 and be hinged on vertical distance between antenna support 15 hinges on the forked standard 16 by axle 5, according to previously described principle decision bit like the distance between the center of ratio and axle 33 and ball-and-socket joint 10.

For make placement in the garden or the device on the balcony children, the human or animal that grows up are had a sense of security, make far distance controlled not be subjected to dead leaf, various foam shape thing, toy and boisterous the influence by implementing in the face of the remote control system of receiver, just must cover upper shell to machinery, and make its " sealing "; This housing can reduce the attack of wind in addition, reduces the noise (squeal) of wind and gives interested aesthetic feeling.This housing is the same with machinery itself also to be extremely important.In view of the greatest differences of the relative motion of the various piece of machinery and the huge amplitude of above-mentioned motion, the installation of housing is difficult to do, and the plurality of proposals of present patent application is distinguishing aspect housing.

Housing is made of two hemisphere 17 and 27.Housing 17 is by press-fiting in being connected on the forked standard 16 on the cylindrical part of forked standard 16 slightly " tightly ", and its internal diameter can allow the running of gear motor support 34; This housing 17 rotates around elevation angle back shaft 18, and has a radial gap, and this slit can allow bar 8 and can fix the passing through and move of flange of the antenna support 15 of this bar.Housing 27 is aligned the center and passes through the connection gasket sleeve-board to housing 17, thereby is detachable mounted.Antenna support 15 has one " caudal peduncle " wideer than this teeth groove in the plane of teeth groove, to guarantee " sealing " of teeth groove.In order to improve aforementioned sealing, sealing

gasket

7 and 20 has guaranteed not make moist on the surface of machine operation.Each housing is centered close to the intersection point place of the axle 5 and the axle 8 of antenna support 15.

Parabolic antenna in putting according to people are employed or so-called " biasing ", the fixed head of the antenna on antenna support 15 is perpendicular to the axle of bar 8 or with respect to this axle inclination one " biasing " angle.

Aforementioned motor should be resisted the most serious severe weather conditions, and its employed material is decided by their mechanical performance, but especially will see the ability that they are resisted boisterous ability and contact between them.

Feature like second kind of modification (seeing Figure 19 and 20) has negative.

Fixing in the garden, on the balcony, be adjusted to vertical direction approx by the level meter of in another scheme, describing on the roof or along a vertical fixing pillar 3 of wall.On this pillar, three pressure screws 1 of bearing 7 usefulness of narrow sense and the accuracy of reading are conditioned subtly at the precision level of 0.01 number of degrees magnitude; This bearing is fixed on the pillar by means of three hold-down screws 6 then.

Elevation angle back shaft 10 is orientated vertically with respect to ground.This axle with bearing 7 have one pivotally connected, this connection can be finished by means of pressure screw 5.The axle 10 of aforementioned fixation has forked standard 27 on the one hand, has the orientation on the other hand and follows the tracks of bearing 17, and the latter regulates with screw rod 44.Forked standard 27 and the axle of for example realizing 10 by means of two self-lubricating bearings 4 have one pivotally connected, and be hinged on the antenna support 22 with two jointed shafts 40.Elevation angle regulating system is to be engaged on a gear 37 on the worm screw 44 by one to constitute, and this worm screw is followed the tracks of on the bearing 17 with a pivotally connected orientation that is connected in; These elements rotate around axle 32, and this axle is connecting axle 10, and are placed on the central authorities of gear 37.Therefore the described elevation angle (adjusting) system is accurate, irreversible, should not be irregular therefore.This locking device is supplied by a dog screw 35, this screw is avoided any vibration and strengthen the resistance of this device when the equipment wind-engaging is attacked, and of following the tracks of that bearing 36 usefulness for example realize by means of two self-lubricating bearings in orientation is pivotally connected to be had gear motor support 17 and be connected a gear 37 on the orientation tracking bearing 36 fully.Motor 21 is stepper motors, and its power should be able to be operated under 110 kilometers/hour wind speed, and it has a gear reduction unit and an output worm screw that meshes with gear 37.Therefore, system is irreversible, makes distinguish the maximum conditions that allow 110 kilometers/hour wind operating and the maximum conditions of the resistivity of antenna under 160 kilometers/hour wind is controlled.In addition, between the rotation of motor and azimuth rotation a kind of linear rule is arranged, this just can calculate accurately to azimuthal position.(by means of being connected the bar 20 that is connected with antenna support) has ball-and-socket joint connection and guarantees the slip fulcrum that antenna moves motor bracket 17 with antenna support 22.

Aforementioned part

3,7,10,16 is always fixed.

Part

37,36,46 is regulated the orientation, and is fixing by

dual installation

37,21 and screw 35 then.Forked standard 27 rotates around fixing vertical axes 10.

Element

21,18,17 rotates around axle 36.Antenna support 22 can be made compound motion, and this compound motion is by combining with respect to the rotation of forked standard 27 and the translation rotation of relative motor bracket 17.

Elevation angle rotation axis 32 and be hinged on vertical distance between the antenna support jointed shaft on the forked standard 27 by means of axle 40, according to previously described principle decision bit like the distance between the center of ratio and axle 36 and ball-and-socket joint 18.

Housing is made of two hemisphere 110 and 45.Housing 45 is orientated on the back shaft 10 by press-fit in being connected on the cylindrical part of axle 10 slightly " tightly ", and its internal diameter can allow the running of gear motor support 21.Housing 11 is aligned the center and passes through the connection gasket sleeve-board to housing 45, thereby is detachable mounted, and has a big opening, and each element is passed through.Inner shell 12 centrings and cover install on the motor bracket 17, to guarantee closing of opening that parts are required with respect to the motion of housing 11 and 45.The sealing that sealing gasket 19 guarantees between gear motor support 17 and the antenna support 22.In the symmetrical plane that is centered close to machinery of housing and on axle 32.

The third modification (seeing Figure 21 and 22) has positive position like characteristic.

Fixing in the garden, on the balcony, on the roof or the pillar of fixing along a vertical wall 23 be adjusted near vertical by the level meter of in another scheme, describing.On this pillar, three pressure screws 20 of bearing 25 usefulness and the precision level of narrow sense are regulated subtly, and the reading accuracy of level meter is 0.01 number of degrees magnitude; This bearing is fixed on the pillar by means of three hold-down screws 24 then.

Therefore be orientated fully vertically with respect to terrestrial elevation angle back shaft 27.This axle with bearing 25 have one pivotally connected, this connection can be finished by means of pressure screw 19.The axle 27 of aforementioned fixation has forked standard 21 on the one hand, has the orientation on the other hand and follows the tracks of bearing 1, and the latter regulates with worm screw 8.Forked standard 21 and the axle of for example realizing 27 by means of two self-lubricating bearings 28 have one pivotally connected, and be hinged on the antenna support 2 with two jointed shafts 39.Elevation angle regulating system is engaged on the gear 18 on the pivotally connected worm screw 17 that is connected on the orientation tracking bearing 40 by one and constitutes; These elements rotate around axle 7, and axle 7 is connected on the axle 27 and is placed in the central authorities of gear 18.Therefore the described elevation angle (adjusting) system is accurate, irreversible, so should not be irregular.This locking device is supplied by dog screw 5, avoids any vibration and strengthen the resistance of this device when the equipment wind-engaging attacks.The orientation is followed the tracks of bearing 40 and one is pivotally connectedly had decelerator motor bracket 40 and be connected a gear 3 on the strutting piece 1 fully by means of what two self-lubricating bearings were realized by one.Motor 9 is stepper motors, and its power should be able to be operated under 110 kilometers/hour wind speed.It comprises a gear reduction unit and an output worm screw 8 that meshes with gear 3.Therefore, system is irreversible, and this makes it possible to distinguish the maximum conditions of 110 kilometers/hour the wind that allows operation and the maximum conditions of the resistance of antenna under 160 kilometers/hour wind control.In addition, a kind of linear rule is arranged between revolution and azimuth rotation, this just can calculate accurately to azimuthal position.Motor bracket 40 has the sliding pivot 33 that moves that a ball-and-socket joint is connected and guarantees antenna with antenna support 2 (by means of the bar 36 that is connected on the antenna support).

Aforementioned part

27,25,23,18 is always

fixed.Part

17,1,3 is regulated the orientation, and is fixing by

dual installation

16,17 and screw 5 then.Forked standard 21 rotates around fixing vertical axes 27.

Element

8,9,40 rotates around the axle of strutting piece 1.Antenna support 2 can be made compound motion, and this compound motion is by combining with respect to the rotation of forked standard 21 with respect to the rotary movement-translation of motor bracket 40.

Elevation angle rotation axis 7 and be hinged on vertical distance between the jointed shaft of the antenna support 2 on the forked standard 21 by means of axle 39, according to previously described principle decision bit like the distance between the center of ratio and axle 40 and ball-and-socket joint 33.

Housing is made of two hemisphere 30 and 31.Housing 30 is by press-fiting in being connected on the cylindrical part of axle 27 on the axle 27 slightly " tightly ", and its internal diameter allows the running of gear motor support 9.Housing 31 is aligned the center and passes through the connection gasket sleeve-board to housing 30, thereby is detachable mounted.Motor support frame 40 has one columniform " caudal peduncle " in its symmetrical plane, so that an inner hood 32 can press-fit thereon slightly " tightly ".For this reason, housing 31 has a big opening, to allow the normal activity of motor bracket 40 with respect to fixed axis 27.In order to guarantee sealing, the shape of housing 31 is decided by the requirement of the frequent covering of the opening of opening on housing 31.In order to improve this sealing, sealing

gasket

37,26 and 29 guarantees not make moist on the mechanical working surface.In the symmetrical plane that is centered close to machinery of all aforementioned housings and in the central authorities of axle 7.

The 4th kind of modification (seeing Figure 23 to 26) has feature like the negative position.

Fixing in the garden, on the balcony, on the roof or the pillar of fixing along a vertical wall 9 be adjusted to vertical direction approx by the level meter of in another program, describing.On this pillar, three pressure screws 10 of bearing 1 usefulness and the precision level of narrow sense are regulated subtly, and the reading accuracy of level meter is 0.01 number of degrees magnitude.Then, by means of three hold-down screws 3 this bearing is fixed on the pillar.

Therefore elevation angle back shaft 13 is orientated fully vertically with respect to ground.It is one pivotally connected that this axle and bearing 1 have, and this connection can be finished by means of pressure screw 7.The axle 13 of aforementioned fixation has forked standard 4 on the one hand, has the orientation on the other hand and follows the tracks of bearing 25, and the latter regulates by worm screw 26.Forked standard 4 and the axle of for example realizing 13 by means of two self-lubricating bearings 2 have one pivotally connected, and be hinged on the antenna support 19 with two jointed shafts 30.The gear of axle on 13 constitute elevation angle regulating system by being connected in, and this gears engaged is pivotally connected and be connected in the orientation and follow the tracks of on the worm screw 26 on the bearing 25 by one; These elements rotate around axle 37, and this is connected on the axle 13 and is placed in the central authorities of gear.Therefore, the aforementioned elevation angle (adjusting) system is accurate, irreversible, should not be irregular therefore.This locking device is supplied by dog screw 34, avoids any vibration and strengthen the resistance of this device when the equipment wind-engaging attacks.The orientation tracking bearing 25 that is hinged on the axle 37 is supporting 25 li worm screws 26 of rotatably installing of bearing, and a kind of pivotally connected decelerator motor bracket 14 and the gear 32 that is connected with bearing 25 fully of having by for example realizing by means of two self-lubricating bearings.Motor 18 is stepper motors, and its power should be able to be operated under wind speed is 110 kilometers/hour situation.It has a gear reduction unit and an output screw that is engaged on the gear 32.Therefore, system is irreversible, and this makes can distinguish the maximum conditions that permission is operated under 110 kilometers/hour wind speed, and controlled wind speed is in the maximum conditions of the resistivity of 160 kilometers/hour following antennas.In addition, between the rotation of motor and azimuth rotation a linear rule is arranged, this makes and can calculate accurately azimuthal position.Motor bracket 14 has the sliding pivot 15 that moves that a ball-and-socket joint connects and guarantee antenna with antenna bearing 19 (by means of the connecting rod 16 that is connected with antenna support 19).

Part

9,1,13 is always fixed, and

part

32,25,26 is regulated orientation, makes it fixing with

dual installation

26,13 and screw 34 then.Forked standard 4 rotates around fixing vertical axes 13.

Element

18,14,17 rotates around axle 25.Antenna support 19 can be made compound motion, and this compound motion is by combining with respect to the rotation of forked standard 4 with respect to the rotary movement-translation of motor support frame 14.

Elevation angle rotation axis 36 and be hinged on by means of axle 30 vertical distance between the jointed shaft of the antenna support 19 on the forked standard 4 according to previously described principle decision bit like the distance between the center of the axle of ratio and support 25 and ball-and-socket joint 15.

Housing is made of two hemisphere 11 and 20.Housing 11 fastens by press-fit in being connected on the cylindrical part of axle 13 on the orientation back shaft 13 and by some screws 5 slightly " tightly ".Its internal diameter can allow the running of decelerator motor bracket 18.Housing 20 be aligned the center and by the connection gasket sleeve-board to housing 11, thereby be detachable mounted, and have a slit flange 19 of back shaft 16 is passed through.Inner shell 12 centrings also are nested on the housing 11, to guarantee the sealing to the required slit of the motion of flange 19.The sealing that sealing gasket 3 guarantees between forked standard 4 and the bearing 1.Housing be centered close to the

axle

30 and 13 intersections.

The 5th kind of modification (seeing Figure 27 and Figure 28) be characterised in that be bear the position seemingly.

One pillar 32 is fixed in the garden, on the balcony, fix on the roof or along a vertical wall, be adjusted near vertical by the level meter of describing in another program.On this pillar, three pressure screws of bearing 27 usefulness, the 31 meticulous adjustings of narrow sense.This bearing is fixed on the pillar by three hold-down screws 29 then.

Lifting back shaft 23,31 is orientated well vertically with respect to ground.This axle with bearing 27 have one pivotally connected, this connection can be finished by means of pressure screw 28.The axle 23,31 of aforementioned fixation has forked standard 18 on the one hand, has the orientation on the other hand and follows the tracks of bearing 7, and the latter regulates with a worm screw 11.Forked standard 18 and axle 23,31 have one pivotally connected, and be hinged on the antenna support 9 with two jointed shafts 16.Elevation angle regulating system is made of a gear that is connected on the axle 31, and this gears engaged is on a worm screw 11, and worm screw 11 is followed the tracks of on the bearing 7 by a pivotally connected orientation that is connected in; These parts are around axle 14 rotations, and this is connected on the axle 23,31 and is placed on the center of gear.This device is tightly locked by a location screw 12.Bearing 7 is followed the tracks of by a pivotally connected decelerator motor bracket 6 and the gear 8 that is connected in fully on 7 of having in the orientation, and worm screw 11 can be installed with rotating freely in the gear.Motor is a stepping motors.It comprises that one is nibbled a wheel decelerator and an output worm screw that is engaged on the gear 8, and motor bracket 6 has the sliding pivot 33 that moves that a ball-and-socket joint connects and guarantee antenna with antenna support 9 (by the connecting rod 32 that is connected antenna support).

Elevation angle rotation axis 14 and be hinged in the vertical distance between the jointed shaft of the antenna support on the forked standard 18 9 according to previously described principle decision bit like the distance between the center of ratio and back shaft 7 and ball-and-socket joint 33 by axle 16.

Housing is made of

parts

25,26,24.Housing 25 presses and is loaded on the axle 23, and a spherical part is arranged.Housing 24 has the end of a sphere, and it is complete and be fixed on the antenna support 9 by means of screw 17 by columniform upper supplementary.Middle casing 25 with part sphere slides on

housing

24 and 25 to guarantee the sealing of machinery in operation simultaneously.

The 6th kind of modification (seeing Figure 29 and 30) be characterised in that be bear the position seemingly.

One fixing in the garden, on the balcony, be adjusted to approx vertically by a level meter of in another program, describing on the roof or along a vertical fixing pillar 32 of wall.On this pillar, three pressure screws of bearing 27 usefulness 31 of narrow sense carry out meticulous adjusting.By means of three hold-down screws 29, this bearing is fixed on the pillar then.

Lifting bolster 23,33 is vertically oriented well with respect to ground.This axle with bearing 27 have one pivotally connected, this connection can be finished by pressure screw 28.The

axle

23,33 of aforementioned fixation has forked standard 18 on the one hand, has the orientation on the other hand and follows the tracks of bearing 7, and the latter regulates with screw rod 11.

Forked standard 18 and

axle

23,33 have one pivotally connected, and be hinged on the antenna support 9 with two jointed shafts 16.Elevation angle regulating system is made of a gear that is connected on the axle 33, and this gears engaged is on a usefulness one pivotally connected worm screw 11 that is connected on the orientation tracking bearing 7.These parts rotate and are placed in the central authorities of gear round the axle of connecting axle 23,33.This device is by a location screw 12 lockings.Bearing 7 is followed the tracks of by a pivotally connected gear 8 that has decelerator motor bracket 6 and be connected with 7 fully in the orientation.Motor 37 is stepper motors.It has a gear reduction unit and an output worm screw that is engaged on the gear 8.Motor bracket 6 has the sliding pivot 35 that moves that a ball-and-socket joint connects and guarantee antenna with antenna bearing 9 (by being connected in the connecting rod 34 on the antenna support).

Elevation angle rotating shaft 14 and be hinged on by axle 16 vertical distance between the jointed shaft of the antenna support 9 on the forked standard 18 according to previously described principle decision bit like the distance between the center of ratio and back shaft 7 and ball-and-socket joint 35.

Housing is made of parts 1,24,26.Housing 26 is pressed to be loaded on the fixed axis 23, and has semi-spherical shape.Being connected housing 1 on the antenna support 9 has the shape of a hemisphere and is replenished by a prism shape.Hemispheric housing 24 centrings also are fixed on the housing 1 by means of screw 17, and have a big opening to allow the motion of support 27 with respect to antenna support 9.Housing 26 is guaranteed the sealing of this opening.

The 7th kind of modification (seeing Figure 31,32,33) is characterised in that the modification to other various schemes, and applicable to all schemes, therefore various solutions all may be revised.

This modification is applicable to whole schematic diagrams (Fig. 6 and Fig. 9).

Elevation angle regulating system has been reversed, in other words, gear is not to be connected on the bolster of the elevation angle, and aforementioned worm screw is no longer followed the tracks of on the bearing by a pivotally connected orientation that is connected in, but: aforementioned worm screw and elevation angle bolster have one pivotally connected and aforesaid gears is connected on the orientation tracking bearing.This solution has been simplified the enforcement of part greatly, comprises elevation angle support and orientation tracking bearing.

It is not that slip ball-and-socket joint by a bar that links to each other with antenna support is connected with antenna support that bearing is followed the tracks of in the orientation, but one dual pivotally connected: the first is perpendicular to aforesaid bar and perpendicular to the symmetrical plane of motor bracket, its two be the axle be slidingly connected, be connected in the axle of the bar on the antenna holder.This makes and can reduce cost greatly and reduce antenna couple of waving in the junction of antenna support in forked standard under wind action greatly.

These different modifications can be used simultaneously also and can separately use same scheme.

Decelerator is here determined, regulates the installation of worm screw and orientation tracking bearing and also determines.

The 8th kind of modification (seeing Fig. 9,36 to 42) is identical with aforementioned schemes (seeing Figure 10 to 16) on its structure and general solution, but is different about connecting B with parabolic bearing.Connect B, be

part

11,13,12 and standard axle, be implemented as the 7th kind of modification (Figure 31,32,33) on the whole, but standard axle for example has a longitudinal key to be formed one with aforementioned dual-purpose axle and is slidingly connected, and the symmetrical plane of aforesaid standards axle is positioned in the symmetrical plane of tracking system.Therefore, the symmetrical plane of aforesaid standards axle always keeps the shaft parallel with tracking system, that is to say vertical with the common plane in the geo-stationary orbit of satellite and equator.Aforesaid standards axle and intermediary's part 20 have one for example by means of two self-lubricating bearings realize pivotally connected, this standard axle is connected on the antenna support 7 fully.Intermediary's part 20 and forked standard 6 have one pivotally connected and and this forked standard together as playing sealed open in aforementioned schemes (Figure 10 to 16) lining.

Figure 34 and Figure 35 show an example to the twin-stage gear reduction unit motor of worm screw output.

In brief, antenna holder comprises a shouldered pin 3 of can the bearing 4 by the narrow sense support regulating at vertical direction subtly, the forked standard 6 that is hinged on the aforementioned shouldered pin 3 is determined a fixing point A by the intersection point of its axle, on M point that flatly is hinged on pin 3 and be conditioned so that have the linear fitting B of an annular with vertical latitude sloping shaft 8 (D) of equatorial plane (tracking system 9 be hinged on D around) and the parabolic bearing 7 that is hinged with forked standard 6, one cover protection and safe hood, so that the motion of machinery is produced with A be the center seemingly with respect to the positive or negative position of track circular cone, aforementioned track conical tip is A, lay the axle of the vertical curve in place for it, with aforementioned satellite geo-stationary orbit is its directrix, and ratio AM/BM is the same with the ratio of orbit radius with earth radius.

The bearing 4 of narrow sense support comprises that an acceptance is fixed on hold-down screw and vertically pedestal and the vertical bore hole of accepting shouldered pin 3 of the adjustment screw of degree on the pillar; Shouldered pin comprises two coaxial vertical cylinders, one is placed in 4 li of bore holes, another is as the connection on the forked standard 6, the bore hole of a level receives the rotating shaft of latitude sloping shaft 8 and the mounting groove of a worm gear-endless screw tilting gearing 14, sloping shaft 8 comprises the pivot (linearity that tracking system 9 has annular connects B and receives worm gear-endless screw system 16 and its decelerator groups of motors 18) of a receiving and tracking system 9, the forked standard 6 that is hinged on vertically on the pin 3 has the connector of a level with parabolic bearing 7 at the forked standard place, aforementioned parabolic bearing has the vertical and bar of junction on axle at the forked standard place, the linearity of receiving ring-type that is coupling at forked standard place connects, and parabolic bearing 7 also has a supporting plane that is suitable for every kind of paraboloidal adaptive part perpendicular to aforementioned rod.

Can connect with a fixed guide rail in tracking system 9 that B is ordered and the annular linear fitting between the parabolic bearing 7, (along the BM section) adjusts position so that by changing the position like ratio and adapt to the actual level surface of the earth by local latitude inclined belt cotter pin 3.

Tilt adjustments 8 obtains with moving of pressure screw 15 fixed worm gear-endless screw systems 14 and tracking system 9 by means of one, the moving then of tracking system 9 obtained by means of a worm gear-endless screw system 16 that is subjected to motor 18 controls of a decelerator and a controlled rotation, the motor 18 of controlled rotation can maintain static and have a mechanical strength that has nothing to do with driving power, guarantee the safety when being subjected to speed per hour and reaching 160 kilometers/hour the attack of blast, and enough speed reducing ratio, to guarantee just can reach the precision of the aiming 1 of 3/100 degree by the simple rotation of screw or motor.The rotation system of screw or motor carries out according to a kind of rotation and linear rule between the rotation of aforesaid gears and connected parts at screw or motor.

Regulate sufficient to guarantees for three kinds and accurately aim at satellite: the adjusting that at first is the perpendicularity of the shouldered pin 3 obtained by the level meter compass 5 of a sphere, this spherical level meter compass can be judged the inclination of 1/100 degree by three pressure screws between the bearing 4 of aforementioned pillar and narrow sense support, and fixes by four hold-down screws; Next is the adjusting of support symmetrical plane to the meridian plane orientation of laying the place, and this adjusting is finished around the rotation by the axle of vertical adjusting of the bore hole of the bearing 4 of narrow sense support by shouldered pin 3, and fixing with a pressure screw, anchor clamps, tangential gland etc.; Be to the aiming of a satellite and the meticulous adjusting of aiming at last, this is that the complementary angle of laying the latitude in place is finished by with a worm and gear system latitude sloping shaft 8 being set up, and fix by means of a pressure screw, machinery is returned to zero before dispatching from the factory, axle D is on the extended line of axle 3, and the linear B that connects of ring-type is in the symmetrical plane of support.

Housing system is by generally being that hemispheric two parts constitute, connect or the screw connection with backing plate between them, the center of these two parts can be the A point, one of them is connected on the forked standard 6, it also can be the M point, main housing or be connected on the forked standard 6 perhaps is connected on the shouldered pin 3, and another slider case links to each other with parabolic bearing 7.Finish the complete closure of this mechanical device by complementation, some sealing gaskets or some gusset pieces of part; to guarantee protection to machinery; in case the invasion and attack of bad weather, plant and relic, insect and toy, and guarantee protection at people, child or domestic animal.

Wishing that paraboloidal symmetrical plane always keeps under the situation vertical with aforementioned orbit plane, see Fig. 9, parabolic bearing 7 has a pivot connector of ordering by the A of support with paraboloidal fixed head in its symmetrical plane, the aforementioned fixation plate has the connection of a three degree of freedom with tracking system 9: the firstth and connecting rod together along the translation of aforementioned pivot, the secondth, connecting rod and with the front the axle vertical and cross spool framework between rotation, the 3rd is the rotation between aforesaid frame and aforementioned tracking system 9, and the axle of this tracking system 9 forms the right angle trihedral angle with the axle of front.

Machinery can be fully in the inside of housing, and perhaps, forked standard and its connector are all in the outside of housing.

Paraboloidal fixedly is to realize with the adaptive part that is suitable for various parabolic model, these parts are with four unique being fixed on one " biasing " inclination bearing of hold-down screw, the latter along one with forked standard parallel with the connecting axle between parabolic carrier base the axle hinged, aforementioned parabola is adjustable and is fixed on the plane of parabolic bearing that this plane is perpendicular to the plane of being determined by the axle of the connecting rod of accepting ring-type linear fitting B.

Aforementionedly be suitable for every kind of paraboloidal adaptive part and prop up seat board 7 usefulness screws with respect to parabola or regulate cushion block and regulate subtly, the adjusting cushion block of aforementioned screw embeds around the hold-down screw of aforementioned adaptive part, to compensate paraboloidal manufacturing defect.

In order to satisfy some more specifically needs (Northern European countries, specialty is used), need to change near the homing position of a mean place that is positioned on the geo-stationary orbit.

For this reason, this antenna there are two kinds of usings method:

1) can regulate the assembling motor for the elevation angle, thereby can aim at any position of satellite.At this moment aforementioned antenna holder lose can be in factory the principal character of programmed in advance because the elevation angle on the track is specific to respectively laying the place.

2) can (Figure 44 to 52) directly the bearing of tracking system with the narrow sense support be connected, and embed the aforementioned intermediary parts 19 at an adjustable track elevation angle.By a trunnion axis is Δ ₂And perpendicular to the rotating shaft Δ of tracking system 9 ₁Hinged, can revise on the mean orbit plane or under aiming.Average homing position is at A ₁The place is by centering on Δ ₁The rotation α ＇ at place, homing position becomes B ₁, Δ ₂Change to Δ ₂The ＇ position is by around Δ ₂＇ rotates β ＇ homing position and becomes the P point.Because the aiming of the mechanical device of support and satellite is the center with A is like the position, identical rotating shaft and the feasible satellite that can accurately aim in the orbital motion of identical angle that is caused like property by preceding rheme.

By a double reduction worm and gear that cooperates a last stepper motor that for example calculates with thrust, the new rotating shaft Δ between 9 and 19 ₂Be motorized, make the anglec of rotation change with linear rule along with the rotation of motor.Orthogonal being rotated on the orthonormal axle realized by two in the location of aiming on the track circle, therefore, and for the use that realizes the orbit equation formula that orbit information is programmed has been greatly simplified.

This solution makes basic actual tracking support can keep principal character:

-install easily, can sell by kit;

-aiming is accurately absolute;

-carry out sequencing in advance with the irrelevant certain tracks in Unit Installation place in factory.

Two motor reducer systems of tracking

system

16,18 and track

angle regulating device

20,21 are identical, with the also reference axis of specification procedure equation group that reduces cost.

Between the system (geo-stationary orbit) of masses, most of shared parts have been kept, to reduce production cost of products with basic tracking system and special purpose.

Parts 19 have kept and being connected of the same and narrow sense antenna support 7 in basic device.

Under the operating position of military purposes, civil defence, movable dwellings or camping vehicle, such antenna can be fixedly mounted on the car of standby for example " jeep " type, perhaps is positioned at least on the anchor post pedestal on the car.

The Gulf War and some natural calamities show that the communication level also has very big gap, also show that the plan of directly obtaining, document, strategy are found in the locality simultaneously but are not the possibility of the using method of the material known to the rescue team member, mechanical drawing knowledge (Tchernobyl), geology landform etc.In addition, the stage of the motoring simple and unadorned daily life equipment of having a rest also can obtain the advantage that the plan much much effective and quick participates in and the advantage of reception.

Since equipment be fix or at least pillar be to be fixedly mounted in (Figure 53) on the automobile, therefore there is no need on support, to keep the vertically fine tuning device of degree, because the parking landform of automobile is out-of-level inevitably.By axle with respect to automobile parallel and orthogonal two movable joints 1 and 2 carry out above-mentioned adjusting meeting simple many and faster (movable joint 1 is between the fixed support and first radius arm 3, another 2 between the radius arm 3 and second radius arm 4).These connectors make they adjusting and be fixed on ± 45 ° amplitude range in, to consider the landform of people parking area.Adjusting is finished by means of two

level meters

5 and 6 that are installed on the radius arm.

The top of support or the support of narrow sense can be torn open to happen frequently in vehicle and, so that more not noticeable or better on the highway or advance in the place of stopping up or pass through in plant in great numbers.

Like this, stopped the back less than five minutes at vehicle, the user just can be directly with those important country contacts, receive the image of some plans, file, using method, nuclear power station sketch and key point, target etc., so that by means of the satellite image that sends from a transmitting station, finish their task better, or the program of just watching them to like simply.Described transmitting station itself receives control centre or spy satellite straight-through TV image.

Under situations such as flood, earthquake, volcano eruption, conflagration, nuclear accident, and aspect military use (Somalia, Yugoslavia ...) or the aspect of spending a holiday, it is very effective that aforementioned applications may seem.

Claims

1. satellite more than a kind leads directly to the television antenna support, it comprises: first vertical axes (3) that forms first vertical axis, a latitude adjustment means that limits second (D), first vertical axis of second the axis of symmetry and first vertical axes (3) meets at first point (M), it is characterized in that, described first point (M) is fixed, described antenna holder also comprises: first device that described latitude adjustment means is installed around a rotational, described axis is by described first fixing point (M) and perpendicular to the meridian plane that comprises first vertical axes (3), lay the complementary angle of the latitude in place with an antenna, make the axis of symmetry of second (D) perpendicular to equatorial plane; One is used for rotating second device of installing around second fixing point (A) apart from first point (M) distance (d), and described point (A) is determined by the axis of second device and the intersection point of first (3); The 3rd device that constitutes antenna support, its axis of symmetry is by described second fixing point (A); And give the device of the point (B) to second (D) that set a distance (r) connects the 3rd device and allow point (B) along the device that moves with circle like the circumferential phase of synchronous satellite orbit with one.

2. antenna holder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first vertical axes can be by bearing (4) orientation of support, bearing has one and is received in the pedestal of fixing and regulate the screw of perpendicularity on the pillar, with a vertical hole of accepting first vertical axes (3), first vertical axes has two coaxial vertical cylinders, a hole that is arranged in support bearing (4), another hinged as on the forked standard (6) that forms first device, also have one admit second (8, the lateral aperture of rotation axis D) and hold the groove of worm gear/worm screw tilting gearing (14); Second (8, D) comprise a pivot of accepting to form the 3rd tracking system (9) of installing, tracking system has linear ring-type jockey (19,20), formation have three rotary freedoms with one along being connected of the translation freedoms of direction (BM), also have second worm gear/endless screw system (16) and gearmotor group (18); The forked standard (6) that is vertically hinged on the axle (3) has a horizontal connector that is connected to antenna support (7), antenna support has a bar (12) and the supporting plane perpendicular to this bar, described bar is vertical and crossing with the axle of admitting linear ring-type jockey, and described supporting plane is used for the distinctive adaptive part of each parabolic antenna.

3. antenna holder according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, linear ring-type between tracking system (9) and the antenna support (7) connects (B) can carry out position adjustment (on (BM) section) by lockable being slidingly connected, to adapt to the actual level surface of the earth.

4. antenna holder according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, tilt adjustments (8) comprises a worm gear/endless screw system (14) by pressure screw (15) locking, the mobile of tracking system (9) is to obtain by the worm gear/endless screw system (16) by gear and rotation controlled motor (18) control, allows to be independent of the locking and the mechanical strength of driving power.

5. antenna holder according to claim 2 is characterized in that,

One first adjusting device is a spherical level meter compass, can judge the skew of 1/100 degree by three pressure screws between pillar and support bearing (4), and fix by four trip bolts, so that guarantee the vertical adjusting of first vertical axes (3);

One second adjusting device is used to make the vertical adjusting rotational of first vertical axes (3) around the hole of support bearing (4), and is fastening by some devices, with the symmetrical plane of guaranteeing support towards the meridian plane orientation of laying the place;

One the 3rd adjusting device is a worm gear/endless screw system, with a pressure screw locking, lays the complementary angle of the latitude in place so that show second (D), and described the 3rd adjusting device is guaranteed the accurate aiming to satellite.

6. antenna holder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is by a housing system of being made up of two general hemispheric elements, two elements connect by snap-fastener or screw, their center can be point (A), in this case, both one of be connected to forked standard (6), it also can be point (M), in this case, a main casing or be connected to forked standard (6) perhaps is connected to first vertical axes (3), another slider case is connected to parabolic bearing (7), and the complete closure of mechanism is realized by shape, seal or the gusset piece of complementation.

7. antenna holder according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, parabolic bearing (7) and parabolic fixed head have one pivotally connected, axis with the point (A) by support in its symmetrical plane, this plane conduct has being connected of three degree of freedom with tracking system (9): first translation freedoms is along the aforementioned axis of the pivot of bar, second degree of freedom is the rotation between bar and framework, has axis vertical with bar and that cross, three degree of freedom is the rotation between framework and tracking system (9), has the trihedral axis in two axial lines formation right angle with the front.

8. according to the described antenna holder of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, paraboloidal fixing by means of the part that is fit to different parabolic models, these parts have by single fix of four hold-down screws on the inclination bearing, bearing carries out hinged around an axis that is parallel to the connector axis of forked standard/parabolic bearing, parabola is adjustable, and can be locked on the plane of parabolic bearing, this plane is perpendicular to the plane of being determined by the axis of the bar of admitting linear cyclic adapting piece (B).