EP0673461B1 - Wall form - Google Patents

Wall form Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0673461B1
EP0673461B1 EP93911519A EP93911519A EP0673461B1 EP 0673461 B1 EP0673461 B1 EP 0673461B1 EP 93911519 A EP93911519 A EP 93911519A EP 93911519 A EP93911519 A EP 93911519A EP 0673461 B1 EP0673461 B1 EP 0673461B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
bars
component
reinforcement
walls
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93911519A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0673461A1 (en
Inventor
Tarmo Mononen
Casper Aelander
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rautaruukki Oyj
Original Assignee
Rautaruukki Oyj
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rautaruukki Oyj filed Critical Rautaruukki Oyj
Publication of EP0673461A1 publication Critical patent/EP0673461A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0673461B1 publication Critical patent/EP0673461B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8635—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties attached to the inner faces of the forms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wall form made up of a plurality of vertically adjacent form components which comprise at least two single-use form walls located in the main opposite each other and remaining part of the final cast concrete or the like, the first form wall constituting the outer surface of the cast concrete and the second one its inner surface, and, at the upper and lower edges of these form walls, edge sections transverse to the first and second surfaces and parallel to the longitudinal direction of the component, the components being stackable one on top of another to bear on these edge sections, as well as tie rods interconnecting these two form walls and inside the form reinforcement bars.
  • form structures in which at least some of the work steps described above can be omitted.
  • such forms are intended for use as forms for foundations.
  • One such arrangement, which is also applicable to other concrete casting, is disclosed in Finnish Patent 84926.
  • the form is made up of single-use form components which will remain an integral part of the cast concrete and are assembled into a form, the components comprising corrugated thin steel sheets.
  • Such form components can, for example, be placed two opposite each other, be interconnected by means of tie rods against the casting pressure, and reinforcement bars in the necessary quantity can be placed between these components.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a wall form by means of which there are obtained, without special steps, neat and also smooth wall surfaces and in which at least part of the reinforcement constitutes a structural part of the form, in which case it need not be installed separately.
  • An object of the invention is a wall form of this type which, without separate parts, will even in a high structure withstand without deformation the casting pressure.
  • a further object of the invention is a wall form of this type, which, in order to facilitate installation and to avoid damage to the components, is made up of components sufficiently light in weight so that they can be handled also manually and which will not easily be deformed during handling.
  • a further object of the invention is a wall form of this type, in which thermal insulation can be installed easily either at the time of the manufacture of the component or afterwards, in which case the thermal insulation will not require propping done manually. Furthermore, an object of the invention is a wall form of this type, in which special additional reinforcement bars can be installed in order to produce a wall structure stronger than conventional.
  • the most important advantage of the invention is that it can be used for producing industrially prefabricated forms which at least in part already contain the reinforcement, the forms remaining in place after casting in situ and providing for the concrete, when necessary, a smooth surface or smooth surfaces. It is a further advantage of the invention that the assembling of the form from the components according to the invention is very simple and rapid, and in general additional work stages are hardly needed. It is a further advantage of the invention that the wall form according to it is competitive in terms of price.
  • Figure 1 depicts in general a wall form structure according to the invention, in an axonometric representation.
  • Figure 2 depicts a cross section, through A-A in Figure 1, of the form component according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 depicts a detail of the form component according to the invention, as seen from its end, from direction B in Figure 1.
  • FIGS 4A and 4B depict two different possibilities of placing the thermal insulations in the form component according to the invention.
  • Figure 5 depicts, on a larger scale, the profiled surface part of the form component according to the invention, in the same representation as Figure 2.
  • Figures 6A and 6B depict, on a larger scale, detail C of Figure 2.
  • Figure 7 depicts a top view of a ladder reinforcement associated with the invention.
  • Figures 8A and 8B depict side and end views of a triangular reinforcement associated with the invention.
  • Figures 9A and 9B depict certain form components according to the invention, as seen from above, from direction D in Figures 1 and 2.
  • Figure 1 shows in general a wall form according to the invention, having two single-use form walls 1, 2 which will remain part of the cast concrete, the first wall constituting the outer surface 5 of the cast concrete and the second one its inner surface 6.
  • the wall form is made up of one or several vertically stacked form components 10.
  • Each form component 10 is thus made up of form walls 1 and 2 which constitute parts of the outer surface 5 and inner surface 6 of the entire structure.
  • Each form wall 1, 2 is made of thin sheet, usually steel sheet, into a profiled part the length L of which is considerable and the height H of which is relatively small.
  • the said length L may be several meters, whereas the height H of the component 10 and its thickness T, which corresponds to the thickness of the wall to be constructed, are mutually in the same order of magnitude and substantially smaller than the length L, as is evident from the figures.
  • the height H may, of course, be clearly smaller than the thickness T, or vice versa, but both are, nevertheless, relatively small compared with the dimensions of the entire wall to be built.
  • the wall form according to the invention is thus made up of a plurality of vertically stacked profiled form walls 1, 2, or of sheet profiles the distance between which determines the thickness T of the wall.
  • edge sections 8a, 8b and 9a, 9b which are each transverse to the corresponding form surface 5, 6 and point towards the central areas of the wall, for example the center line 7.
  • edge sections 8a, b and 9a, b are at least in their longitudinal direction approximately horizontal, as is seen in Figure 1.
  • these components 10 can be stacked vertically, since the edge sections 8a and 8b and respectively 9a and 9b on one side in vertically adjacent form components bear one on another.
  • Figure 2 shows how the form components 10 have been stacked on top of the foundation 25 by using for help a guide or a corner piece 26, or corresponding components.
  • edge folds 11 and 12 are preferably edge folds 11 and 12, parallel to one surface 5, 6 and pointing in the same direction outward from the form component 10, as a continuation of this usually horizontal edge section.
  • the edge folds 11 and 12 thus project, from the edge sections, approximately parallel to the surfaces 5 and 6 or slightly tilted towards the central plane 7 of the component.
  • these edge folds 11 and 12 are at a distance of the width W1 of the lower edge section 8a and 9a from the said surface 5 or 6.
  • the width W1 of the lower edge section as measured from the surface 5, 6 of the component, is equal to or somewhat smaller than the distance W2 of the edge fold 11, 12 from the same surface 5, 6. This helps the form walls 1 and 2 of vertically adjacent components to align with each other during assembling, as can be understood on the basis of Figure 2.
  • form component 10 is made up of two form walls 1, 2, which have been placed as mirror images of each other and are fixedly interconnected either at their upper edge sections 8b and 9b or at their lower edge sections 8a and 9a by means of metal bars 3, which are preferably of a steel bar suitable for concrete reinforcement. These steel bars 3 are fixed to the form walls 1 and 2, in which case they will constitute casting tie members resisting the casting pressure. If the height H of the components is selected to be sufficiently small, such horizontal bars 3 will be sufficiently densely located in the vertical direction, whereupon the thin sheet walls having the height dimension H will not bend. In addition, the edge sections 8a, b and 9a, b will serve as longitudinal stiffeners.
  • the joint between the form walls 1 and 2 and the transverse bars 3 can be made stronger, and at the same time there is obtained for the structure a longitudinal reinforcement integrated with it, by attaching the transverse bars by means of joints 15a to a longitudinal metal bar or bars 4, such as a concrete reinforcement bar, connected to the edge section by means of a joint 15b.
  • a ladder reinforcement 18, shown in Figure 7 is produced inside the form component 10, the ladder reinforcement thus being made up of longitudinal bars 4 and of transverse bars 3 interconnecting them.
  • This structure holds the form component very well together and at the same reinforces it. It is clear than there may be more longitudinal bars than the stated two.
  • Both the joints 15a between the transverse bars 3 and the longitudinal bars 4 and the joints 15b between the longitudinal bars 4 and the material of the edge section are preferably welded joints 16, as is shown in Figure 6B.
  • One or both of the joints may also be attachments implemented by means of mechanical fasteners 17, as is shown in Figure 6A.
  • the opposite form walls 1, 2 are additionally interconnected at one or several spaced-apart points by means of approximately Z-shaped stiffening members 19. This connecting is done close to the ends of the component 10 or in the middle.
  • the lower branch 20a and upper branch 20b of these Z-shaped stiffening members 19 extend at least approximately from one form wall to the other, and they are welded or attached in some other manner to the wall material and/or the longitudinal bars 4 or the transverse bars 3, or to their extensions.
  • This Z-shaped stiffening member may be located in the form component in a position either perpendicular to its length L or slanted relative to it in one or several directions.
  • Figure 5 shows, on a larger scale, the cross section of one form wall 1, the cross section of the other form wall being its mirror image.
  • a plane of symmetry 7 is produced in the form component.
  • the angle K1 and K2 inside the component between the form surface 5 and 6 and the said edge section 8a and 8b or respectively 9a and 9b is somewhat smaller than 90°.
  • the angles K1 and K2 are in the order of magnitude of 88°.
  • the upper edge section 8b and the lower edge section 8a form a wedge-like structure, in which case, for example, the upper angle K1 is clearly larger than 90° and the lower angle K2 respectively clearly smaller than 90°, but, owing to the increased load in the direction of the wall thickness, it does not seem advantageous to design this deviation to be very great.
  • thermal insulation panels 21 thinner than the thickness T of the wall form, either in the central area of the form component or against one form wall. These insulation panels 21 are supported by the transverse bars 3, and they are very easy to install inside the component 10 from above, either at the manufacturing plant or at the site of installation. The retention in place of the thermal insulation panels 21 can, when necessary be ensured by means of upper transverse tie members 27.
  • the wall form according to the invention may include either separate concrete reinforcement bars or special reinforcement components 22, installed between the opposite form walls 1, 2 and the transverse metal bars 3.
  • These reinforcement components 22 are, according to the invention, made up of longitudinal rods 23 preferably placed in a triangular shape and of support bars 24 installed, for example, in a zigzag manner between at least two of them and attached to them by welding, for example. Thereby a triangular reinforcement 22 is obtained, which is a very effective form of reinforcement. It is also possible to use a ladder reinforcement 18 for the vertical reinforcement.
  • the form component can be provided with folds 13, 14 which are parallel to the form surfaces 5, 6 of the lower edge sections 8a, 9a and point towards the inner areas of the form component, as is shown in Figures 2 and 6.
  • folds 13, 14 thus point in the same direction as the edge folds 11, 12, and especially the ends of the transverse bars 3 or their extensions, or in this case the longitudinal bars 4 of the ladder reinforcement, will settle between these folds 13, 14 and the outer surface of the wall, thus improving the locking.
  • the wall form described above can be used, not only as a form for actual concrete casting as described above, but also as the form for some other setting mix to produce a corresponding wall.
  • the form space obtained with this form may also be filled with sand or gravel or the like. Such a wall can be dismantled, since the filler material can be removed.
  • the wall form need not necessarily be in accordance with the embodiment described above.
  • form walls 1 and 2 may have mutually different designs and dimensions.
  • the component will not be symmetrical; the outer surface 5 and the inner surface 6 can be made different.
  • the edge folds need not necessarily be horizontal in an installed wall form, although usually their being horizontal is advantageous and simple.
  • the form components 10 may, in a manner deviating from Figure 1, be positioned upright and be pressed together horizontally by some arrangement.
  • the form components 10 may also be curved in their longitudinal direction, in which case respectively curved walls will be obtained, as shown in Figure 9A.
  • a form component may also be a closed circumferential component, in which case a circumferential form wall is produced, as shown in Figure 9B.
  • the circumferential form may be a circle, an oval, a square, a triangle, or the like.
EP93911519A 1992-04-30 1993-04-29 Wall form Expired - Lifetime EP0673461B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI921984 1992-04-30
FI921984A FI91654C (fi) 1992-04-30 1992-04-30 Seinämämuotti
PCT/FI1993/000183 WO1993022519A1 (en) 1992-04-30 1993-04-29 Wall formwork

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0673461A1 EP0673461A1 (en) 1995-09-27
EP0673461B1 true EP0673461B1 (en) 1997-07-30

Family

ID=8535209

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93911519A Expired - Lifetime EP0673461B1 (en) 1992-04-30 1993-04-29 Wall form

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0673461B1 (fi)
AU (1) AU4042093A (fi)
DE (1) DE69312734T2 (fi)
FI (1) FI91654C (fi)
RU (1) RU2107789C1 (fi)
WO (1) WO1993022519A1 (fi)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2176646B (en) * 1985-06-11 1989-07-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Supporting means for supporting a magnetic transducer for a double surface type flexible disk apparatus
KR100412160B1 (ko) * 1999-04-24 2003-12-31 주식회사 기하 동문 건축사사무소 콘크리트 건물용 철골조의 구조
ITMI20031552A1 (it) * 2003-07-29 2005-01-30 Bruno Stoppa Struttura di parete, particolarmente per la costruzione di edifici.
GB2552437B (en) * 2014-03-04 2019-02-13 Abbey Pynford Holdings Ltd Shuttering system
GB2523766B (en) * 2014-03-04 2019-02-20 Abbey Pynford Holdings Ltd Shuttering system
RU2739389C1 (ru) * 2019-11-15 2020-12-23 Александр Петрович Савело Способ производства строительных элементов из полистиролбетона

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4149349A (en) * 1971-11-08 1979-04-17 Arcadia Enterprises Corp. Wall forming assembly
DE2913959A1 (de) * 1978-12-11 1980-06-19 Ricci Giovanni Battista Vorgefertigtes, als grundelement fuer die herstellung von waenden dienendes bauelement
US4348847A (en) * 1980-10-06 1982-09-14 Mod-Lok Industries Ltd. Spacer extender
WO1982004088A1 (en) * 1981-05-22 1982-11-25 Garry Randall Hart Methods of building construction
DE3238384A1 (de) * 1982-10-15 1984-04-19 Karl-Heinz Dipl.-Ing. 6104 Seeheim-Jugenheim Bernius Verbindungssteg fuer wandtafeln

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0673461A1 (en) 1995-09-27
AU4042093A (en) 1993-11-29
RU94045965A (ru) 1996-09-10
FI91654B (fi) 1994-04-15
FI921984A0 (fi) 1992-04-30
WO1993022519A1 (en) 1993-11-11
FI91654C (fi) 1994-07-25
FI921984A (fi) 1993-10-31
RU2107789C1 (ru) 1998-03-27
DE69312734T2 (de) 1997-12-04
DE69312734D1 (de) 1997-09-04

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