EP0671230B1 - Continuous casting installation for steel with attached or downstream deburringsystem for oxygen-cutting-burrs or cutting pearls at strands, slabs or ingots - Google Patents

Abstract

The system for removal of oxygen cutting beards (2) and pearls (22) from workpieces (1) is characterised by the presence of individually operable pistons in a block (19) of piston housings arranged transversely to the direction of the workpiece transport motion. These pistons are provided with exchangeable shear rings inclined at an angle from 0.2 to 2 degrees to the workpiece surface. The protrusions (beards, pearls) are removed by relative motion between the workpiece and the removal mechanism (23). The upper array (21) of pistons serves as a holding-down device. In this case it is equipped with rollers, sliders or similar elements, or the shear rings are provided with caps.

Description

Flame cutting with oxygen, especially in continuous casting plants, occurs on the two lower flame cut edges, i.e. separated at the beginning and end of each Workpiece through which and z. T. cooling cutting slag more or less large beards made of a mixture of brittle iron oxides and hard to elastic steel. To the Some of these beards hang low from the edges like icicles, some of them form relatively flat beads on the edges of adjacent parts of the workpiece undersides, some are arbitrarily shaped and arbitrarily large compositions of the same. All are from the Material composition, the material temperature and the chemo-physical Working values of the cutting devices dependent. In any case, the presence of these beards disturbs very much during further processing, if not already during transport.

Avoiding such beards would be desirable, but cannot be achieved. A significant reduction is possible depending on the circumstances, but the beard is not in its Size can be specified in advance and may therefore be permitted without rework.

• durch Abschmelzen, Abbrennen oder Abflämmen mit einem Hand-Sauerstoffbrenner
• durch Abschmelzen, Abbrennen oder Abflämmen mit einer Sauerstoffbrenner-Maschine
• durch Abschlagen bzw. Abmeißeln von Hand
• durch Abschlagen, Abdrücken, Abscheren mit Maschinen, die mit hammerartigen meißelartigen oder scherblattartigen Werkzeugen bestückt sind.

There are therefore a number of working methods and procedures for removing the beards as soon as possible after flame cutting, namely

• by melting, burning or flaming with a hand oxygen burner
• by melting, burning or flaming with an oxygen burner machine
• by knocking or chiseling off by hand
• by knocking off, pressing off, shearing off with machines which are equipped with hammer-like chisel-like or shear blade-like tools.

While the types of flaming technology show advantages primarily due to their high speed, they are considerably disadvantaged due to the amount of flue gas, splashes of slag, the need for granulation water and the risk of fire or explosion. Therefore, the demand turns more to the mechanical deburring options, in which, in addition to the expenditure on mechanical devices and energy, only the considerable expenditure of time and the removal of the separated whiskers must be taken into account. Part of the time involved is aligning the beard and the beard relative to each other, also because the beard can only be removed from the workpiece surface towards the edge. A second part of the time is required for a slowly progressing, mostly repetitive, step-by-step procedure. This is in the concave or convex lower surfaces z. B. in continuously cast slabs, required to completely remove the beard and not only in the middle with a convex cross-section or to the concave or convex lower surfaces z. B. with continuously cast slabs, required to completely remove the beard and not only in the middle with a convex cross-section or to the outside with a concave cross-section. Like inclined positions and twisting of the workpiece, these are the result of the internal and external cooling conditions on the strand.

The simplest, known, mechanical Entbarter consists of a around an axis of rotation a shear edge against the bottom surface of the slab and when moving the slab onto it approaching beard pushing rocker (EPA 87301501.0). With the rocker-like Execution and rotation become height differences due to the pressing up Slab under surface balanced; above all, spherical deformations of the lower surface hardly compensated for flat beards, the good deburring success is on a geometrical level Limited areas.

A machine (applicant from Interstahl) with an upward push is more complex Arm with simultaneous feed back and forth beating foil. This strikes gradually remove beard pieces according to the size of the shaving blade. The cantilever version of considerable length and the number and type of movements result in a slow, albeit successfully working deeders, which of course requires a lot of maintenance and has a high space requirement on one workpiece side.

The third successful deburring method is a roller-shaped deburrer (Applicant from Plakoma) with welded-on shear rings. With overflowing Slab is pushed up this roller and distributed next to each other and on the roller body Lying shear rings raise the slab and shear off the beard piece by piece. Here can only ever work a shear ring on the roller before after stopping the Workpiece on the roller a new lifting and shearing of a beard piece by the next shear ring. This procedure is very noisy and requires the most precise location of the workpiece to be deburred if it is to produce good results. It is also overall very time consuming.

A particularly quick but also loud debinding takes place quickly with the scope of one spinning roller attached hammers that keep the beard on the bottom edge of the roller Knock off the running workpiece with a high number of strokes in small pieces. High wear and necessary protection against flying beard and hammer parts as well as against noise in addition to the investment costs, the main disadvantages.

All of the above-described facilities also have the disadvantage of being limited to simple cross sections, i.e. on essentially straight beards.

These above-mentioned methods and machines are opposed to a mechanical removal device for oxygen cutting beards EPA 90 11 20 27.9, which bails securely and completely, takes up little space, does not cause noise and works relatively quickly. Such a device is shown in Figure 1 and is called the deburring machine (10).
In this picture 1 you can see below and in front of the end of a workpiece (1) (e.g. a slab) with a cutting bit (2) an obliquely arranged shear bar (3) with a series of individually operated shear pistons (4). The shear bar (3) rests on both sides on shear slides (5) which are moved back and forth on the sliding tracks (6) by means of the hydraulic shear cylinders (7). All protruding parts rest on two main frames (8) on both sides of the workpiece (1), each of which can be lifted with two lifting cylinders (9).
In the event of deburring by moving the workpiece, the movement and drive parts of the shear carriage (5), sliding tracks (6) and shear cylinder (7) can be dispensed with. A normal operating sequence with this deburring machine (10) proceeds as follows: The workpieces (1 or 1a) move over or back in front of the shearbars (3) into the working area of the deburring machine (10), possibly with the help of a lifting and lowerable stop (11). The lifting cylinders (9) lift the shear bar (3) into a working position just below the workpiece (1) via the main frame (8), shear slide (5), sliding tracks (6). Then the shear pistons (4) are pressed individually with their pressure cylinders upwards against the more or less flat lower surface of the workpiece (1) in the vicinity of the cutting bit (2). Now the shear cylinders (7) press the shear bar (3) with its shear pistons (4) lying slightly obliquely to the cutting bit (2) one after the other against the cutting bit (2) and shear it off. The shear pistons (4) jumping up behind the workpiece (1) after this process are pulled down again in the double-acting pressure cylinders (12). The shear bar (3) is now pushed under the end of a second workpiece (1a), the shear pistons (4) are individually pressed upwards again and a shear process is carried out in the opposite direction. Then the shear pistons (4) and the shear bar (3) each lower again and the workpieces (1 and 1a) move off or into a new working position.

This deburring machine (10) works reliably and successfully, but is heavy and complex, but also not particularly easy to maintain; is the exchange of the shear piston (4) difficult and time consuming. Furthermore, beards on longitudinal cuts or not easy Cross-sectional areas cannot be removed or can only be removed with great difficulty.

In Figure 2 the cross section of a previous shearbar (3) deburring machine (10) described above for a better understanding of the invention described below is shown and is hereby explained. The shearbar housing (13) made of solid material machined on all sides is provided with a corresponding number of guide bores (14) with the pressure cylinder (12), in which the shear piston (4) with its screwed-on shear caps (16) can be individually moved up and down. The pressure of the compressed air in the pressure cylinder (12) must be so great that the high-strength shear edge (15) of the shear cap (16) with its surface of approximately 20 cm ² is pressed so firmly against the lower surface of a workpiece (1) so that it does not slip over a flat, rigid cutting bit (2) when debinding.

The aforementioned high pressure creates one of the deburring movements during deburring counteracting friction between the surface of the shear edge (15) and the lower surface of the Workpiece (1) that adds to the shear force actually required and the Surface pressure between the shear piston (4) and the guide bore (14) can also be seen with the poor leverage significantly increased and the guide bore (14) deformed or very worn out start. In contrast, the length of the shear piston (4) must be increased and interchangeable, high-strength guide bushes (not shown).

This situation becomes even more critical when the shear edge (15) is flat Cutting bit (2) runs up, the shear force in with a very unfavorably small wedge angle a large vertical force counteracting the pressing force. On the other hand again the pressure must be very large from the outset in order to ensure a safe one Exposed to allow shearing edge (15) to wear out. With that, too Shear force and the surface pressure on the shear piston (4) again undesirably larger. The Above all, there is also a risk of the shear edge (15) running onto the cutting bit (2) given when the flat ring surface of the shear edge (15) on recessed or protruding Form the workpiece (1) in front of the cutting bit (2) and then press it into the remaining gaps can slip in next to it in a wedge shape.

An explanatory example calculation of the required max. The deburring force for this case would then be:

This means that the beard loosens under the above conditions when the max. The deburring force F _E = 159,000 N has generated the shear strain of 15% of the stroke of approx. 1.5 mm metallic bond between the beard and the workpiece and thereby presses against about 10.5 mm beard width. A beard deformation would not be taken into account.

While the position of the workpieces depends on the deburring machine in this deburring machine (10) planned shear path must be less precise, but require the light workpieces (1) Hold-down when deburring the normal beards below. Also the large contact forces for debinding due to wear and dimensioning are special but also very disadvantageous when it comes to quick debinding. The operational security for many individually powered and controlled deburring cylinders also need to be improved, as is the simplified maintenance due to easy shear piston replacement from one side and the better utilization of the shear edge circumference of the shear piston (3). The Deburring machine (10) is therefore to be developed further with regard to Applications, effort for the deburring machine itself and for your Ancillary facilities, improved maintenance and easier operation.

The invention described below consists, for example, according to the claims listed in Figure 3, consisting of a one-sided or two-sided sliding track (6) with a shear carriage (5) which can be moved by shear cylinders (7) in the axis of the workpiece (1) and which is height-adjustable to a limited extent via air-operated lifting cylinders (9.1) Carry the lifting frame (17). In these, the rotary bearings (18) for the lower piston body (19) are arranged on further lifting cylinders (9.2), while the rotary bearings (20) for the upper piston body (21) sit on the upper part of the lifting frame (17). Between the movable pivot bearings (18) of the lower piston body (19) and the upper piston body (21) are further lifting cylinders (9.3), which together with the lifting cylinders (9.1) between the shear slide (5) and the lower lifting frame (17) the piston body (19 and 21) apart and move the lifting frame (17) up to the starting position. If a workpiece (1) has a cutting bit (2) at the bottom and cutting beads (22) at the top, into which the so-called burr (23) is inserted to differentiate, then the lifting cylinders (9.2) are suppressed in the lifting frame (17) the pivot bearings (18) of the lower piston carrier (19) upwards against the lower surface of the workpiece (1) for debarking and at the same time the lifting frame (17) with the upper piston body (21) down on the surface of the workpiece (1) for beading by moving the shear carriage (5) with the hydraulic shear cylinders (7). If the workpiece (1) is turned over for transport reasons, ie with the cutting bit (2) upwards and the cutting beads (22) coming into the deburrer (23), it is also possible to safely debard and deflate. In any case, a hold-down device is not required for this bearer (23) if the contact pressure from below is higher than the proportional slab weight. A second piston body (21), possibly with sliding caps, sliding shoes, rollers or even as a hold-down roller (21), is therefore to be provided advantageously for light workpieces (1).

Thick stones (24) are inserted between the lower and upper pivot bearings (19, 21) to determine the smallest passage opening for the workpiece (1) against the lifting cylinder (9). Thus, only the pressure in the piston bodies (19, 21) acts on the shear pistons during debinding (4).

A rotary drive (25) or rotary stop (26) sits on the pivot bearings (18 or 20) Adjust or to limit a setting angle between the shear piston (4) and the workpiece (1). The drive can also be used to turn the piston body (19 or 21) in a repair or Serve cleaning position.

Figure 4 shows the same bearer (23) as a cantilever version, which can be arranged on one side, but then requires more space on this side.

In Figures 5, 6 and 7 are a front view, a side view and a top view of the bearing side of a simplified embedder (23), namely only from pivot bearings (18) on both sides in lifting frames (17) on both sides, which can be lifted by 4 lifting cylinders (9) on the base plates (27) with stroke guides (28) for the piston body (19), shown.
At a standstill, this burr (23) bears with shear pistons (4) pressed against a workpiece (1) from below when the workpiece (1) is pulled over the piston body (19). The entire piston body (19) is pressurized via the air line (29) and all the pistons (4) are extended together.

It is important that, according to the invention, all of the shear pistons (4) have a lower air pressure are extended or become and when lifting the piston body (19) through the Lift cylinder (9) before each shear to the bottom surface of the workpiece (1) the shape of the Create the sub-surface below.

From Fig. 8 it can be seen that the piston body (19) according to the invention, corresponding to the former shear bar (3), now consists of an unprocessed, thick-walled tube which acts as an unprocessed cylinder space for offset shear pistons (4). For this purpose, the shear piston (4) is made in one piece from a shaving head (30) with a shear edge (15), working piston (31) and piston shaft (32) and with a buffer ring (34) made of elastic material held by a snap ring (33) to prevent it from being pushed out Mistake. The difference surface between the working piston (31) and the piston skirt (32) represents the effective pressure surface (35) for pressing the shaving head (30) against the lower surface of the workpiece (1).

The shear piston (4) is guided in the upper piston bush (36) and the lower piston bush (37), which are fastened with hexagon socket screws (38) in through holes of the same size in the piston body (19). Sealing rings (39) in the piston bushes (36, 37), which can also be arranged in annular grooves on the working piston (31) or on the piston skirt (32), seal the interior of the piston body (19) filled with compressed air back and forth against pressure loss outgoing shear piston.
The diameters of the various components in the shear piston area are selected so that the shear piston (4) on the shaving head (30), that is to say from one side, can be pulled out completely, with at most the upper piston bushing (36) being loosened and pulled out.

Figure 9 shows that the shaving head (30) with the shaving edge (15) is manufactured in such a way that it fits into a recessed (concave) or protruding (convex) shape of the workpiece (1) and a cutting bit sliding in or along it (2) shears off at the end of the workpiece (1).

According to the invention, Figure 10 shows the above-described shear piston (4), which, due to the rotatability of the piston body (19) by an angle in the shear direction, sets forward or backward against the lower surface of the workpiece (1) as far as against the rotary stop (26) or by means of the rotary drive (25 ) can be set so that the front edge of the shaving head (30) or the cutting edge (15) presses against the lower surface of the workpiece (1) with the smallest possible area and with an obtuse cutting angle = 90 ° +, and only because of the round shape of the shaving head pressing against the beard only to a limited extent.

Appropriate tests have confirmed that the automatic, limited by stop Angle adjustment of the round cutting edge (15) a significant reduction in Contact pressure, a safe, because limited attack of the protruding, crescent-shaped Cut without any unevenness in the surface of the workpiece (1) and thus even the slightest shear force is required. It was also found that larger angles of attack α from about 2 ° to the more shear force demanding, because jerky sliding of the shaving head in Shear direction by pressing the cutting edge (15) in too deeply through rust, scale or higher temperature yielding surface of the workpiece (1) in front of and under the beard (2).

With a correspondingly larger angle of attack, the gap between the cutting edge (15) from the foremost point to the side on the shaving head (30) above the workpiece (1) can increase so much that the originally hooked engagement behind the beard (2) into the center of the shaving head (30) by a wedge-shaped penetration of the beard (2), changing the balance of power decisively. Now a condition occurs which, as shown above with a sample calculation, requires high pressure forces of the shear piston (4) against the workpiece (1) and the beard (2) and thus even higher shear forces in order not to slip over the remaining bit and yet do so still deport.
However, if the angle of attack is small enough, i.e. less than 2 °, to make the gap described above small enough and to avoid jerking, the angle of attack means that only the front edge of the shaving head (30) with the smallest print area in front of the beard ( 2) to press and hook behind the beard (2), then you prevent the cutting edge (15) from being pushed onto the beard (2) and, in addition to the lowest pressing forces, there are also the lowest shear forces and thus quiet, easy and quick debinding at the lowest operating pressures and to achieve component dimensions.

An example calculation for this case would look as follows, with otherwise the same requirements as for the first example calculation above: Calculation of the deburring force F E = F S + F R

The vertical force component increasing the friction against the lower surface of the workpiece (1) is eliminated from the deburring force.

This claimed shear force F _Emax is 10 times lower than the result of the example calculation for the flat shaving head (30).
The shear forces measured in tests with such and similar prerequisites as calculated were certainly a width with a flat support with contact pressure p = 3.5 bar at approx. 149,000 N with an angular support with contact pressure p = 1.5 bar at 10,000 N to 12,000 N. of 124 mm and more on cold workpieces with a cold beard (2).

Also shown in Figure 10 in two views and two sections, how the shear piston (4) and its guide in the piston bushes (36, 37) according to the invention guided against rotation and jumping out one side and without removing other parts such. B. piston sleeve (36, 37) can be removed by hand.
For this purpose, the piston skirt (32) is provided in the part of the piston body (19) which is not required for the guide with a transversely inserted position pin (40) and the lower piston bush (37) inwards into the piston body (19) via the guide and surface pressure requirement extended beyond. This extension has an inner diameter that is larger than the diameter of the piston shaft (32) and extends to the guide area. Above the bottom of this drilled extension, a measure matched to the length and spring travel of a position spring (48), there is an annular groove (42) in which the position bolt (40) seated transversely in the piston shaft (32) can be rotated. The location grooves (45) serving as guides for the location bolt (40) are preferably cross-shaped, milled into the lower piston bushing (39) from the outside into the inner bore and closed at the upper end. This prevents the shear piston (4) from jumping out at the appropriate pressure in the inner body (19). Another pair of so-called insertion grooves (47) are open on the inner, upper end face of the piston bush (37) as deep as the layer grooves (45). By pressing the shear piston (4) against the position spring (48), the position pin (40) is brought to the height of the ring groove (42) and brought into a position groove (45) by rotation from the vertical insertion groove (47). Without the pressure during insertion, the shear piston (4) lifts with its location bolt (40) into the location groove (45), which is closed at the top.
To remove the shear piston (4) must be pushed against the position spring (48) into the ring groove (42) and then turned under the insertion groove (47).

If you look at Figure 11 , you can see first that only about the lower half of a shear piston (4) in the piston body (19) with the lower piston bush (37) is of a different type to bring the shear piston (4) into a position groove (45) is shown. If the bearing ring (41) provided on the surface with bearing grooves (43) for the desired insertion and working positions of the bearing pin (40) and bearing springs (48) on the underside rests on the bottom of the extension of the lower piston bushing (37), it projects their upper side provided with grooves (43) with the depth of the grooves (43) into the annular groove (42) and prevents rotation of the piston shaft (32) with position bolts (40) without a small but certain torque. The bearing ring (41) is secured against its own rotation by at least one bearing ring pin (44), which is provided in the bearing ring (41) by an existing position groove (45) for the longitudinal guidance of the piston skirt (32) by means of its position bolt (40) or by its own holding groove ) is screwed. To do this, they must extend far enough below the annular groove (42).

Through the guide grooves (47), the position bolts (40) with the piston shaft (32) up to the resilient bearing ring (41) is pushed down until it snaps into place desired grooves (43) brings the piston shaft (32) into the desired position with the Location bolts (40) under the associated location grooves (45). With increasing air pressure in Piston body (19) the shear piston (4) is then high and the locating pin (40) in it Layer grooves (45), if necessary up to their upper end. The falls without pressure Shear piston (4) off again and with conscious rotation it can with the locating pin (40) underneath the insertion grooves (47) are brought in and pulled out.

Only in the event of a hanging shear piston (4) or if its gravity is not sufficient If the pressure release is sufficient, the shear piston (4) can be adjusted by means of a return spring (49) attached to the outer end of the piston skirt (32) by means of a push-back cover (50), in his rest position be pushed back. In addition, a protective cap (51) on the Be attached to the outside of the piston bushing (37).

Figure 12 shows a shear piston (4), the piston shaft (32) of which is outside the working or. Sealing area and in the part of the lower piston bush (37) outside the piston body (19) has a milled guide surface (52) which corresponds to a locating pin (40) in the lower piston bush (37) and a twisting or jumping out of the shear piston (4) the piston body (19) prevented. This simple and cheaper design has only the disadvantage that the position bolt (40) located on the lower side must first be removed in order to remove the shear piston (4). A cover (53) prevents injuries when moving the shear piston (4) in and out of the piston bushing (40).

As a measure against the wear of the shaving head (30), it is proposed according to Figure 13 that a shear ring (54) fitted inside with a matching cone sits on a tapered shaving head (30) as a cutting edge (15) which is secured with a pin (55) is, but for replacement with a conventional wedge driver (not shown) through the groove (56) after removing the pin (55) can be removed.

Figure 14 shows a tool called a shear ring setter (56), with the clamps (57) of which the shear ring (54) is held smoothly and at right angles to the lower edge of the setter housing (58). The shear ring setter (56) is placed with its setter plate (59) on the setting piston (60) on the shaving head (30) and hammer blows on the impact cover (61) of the piston sleeve (62) press the shear ring (54) against the spring (63) the truncated cone of the shear piston (30). The basic design of a simple ember (23), for example for square or rectangular blocks, is shown in Figure 15 .

Under the workpiece (1) with the cutting bit (2) there is a in the deburring direction a desired angle rotatably mounted piston body (19) with the required number Shear piston (4). The piston body (19) is mounted in a housing (64) on Lifting cylinders (9) is seated and at the beginning of a deburring process against the workpiece (1) is lifted.

In Figure 16 you can see a spike-edged workpiece (1) with a square cross-section with cutting edges (2) located on two inclined edges. Correspondingly diagonally arranged and in the deburring direction lying shear pistons (4) are accommodated in suitably designed, bilateral piston bodies (19.1 and 19.2). The piston bodies are firmly attached to a base plate (65) and lifting them by means of lifting cylinders (9) against stops (66) before the deburring gives the desired angle of attack for the shear pistons (4) lying one behind the other.

The same as described above also applies to the burr (23) shown in Figure 17 for round workpieces (1), for which purpose the piston body (19) and the position of the shear piston (4) have been adapted accordingly. By arranging the shear pistons one behind the other, the shear pistons (4) can overlap and be used for several adjacent diameter sizes of workpieces (1).

This can also be seen in Figure 18 , where an entire debacher (23) for round workpieces (1) is also shown with a counterhold. A lifting frame (17) rests on 4 lifting cylinders (9.1) and carries a double pivot bearing (18) which is displaceable on the lifting frame (17) and is arranged longitudinally or transversely to the workpiece (1) on one or more lifting cylinders (9.2). A piston body (19) with the shear pistons (4) and perhaps equipped with a rotary drive (25) or rotary stop (26), not shown, rests in this rotary bearing (18). At the upper end of the lifting frame (17) there are one or two hold-down rollers (21) which hold the piston body (19) and the shear piston arranged around the workpiece (1) in the region of a cutting bit (2) when the rotary bearing (18) is lifted (4) through the lifting cylinder (9.2) to draw down force on the workpiece (1). Thereafter, the shear pistons (4) are moved against the workpiece (1) and adjusted to a suitable working angle as claimed by rotating against the rotary stops (26), if this has not already been done by a rotary drive (25), as shown .

The pivot bearing (8) or the lifting frame (17) (not shown) are limited in their stroke upwards. This stroke limitation can also be used to create a working angle in the shear direction for the shear pistons (4) to specify.

In Fig. 19 only one piston body (19) with shear piston (4) is shown, which can be placed or removed with the help of 4 retaining straps on a suitably prepared rotary bearing (18) when the workpiece is changed in format.
The piston body consists of several tubes, which are welded together to allow air to pass through and are airtightly sealed on the outside, the position of which corresponds to the position of the shear piston (4) required. The surface of the shear rings (54) or the shaving heads (30) of the shear pistons (4) is adapted to the diameter of the workpiece (1).

Figure 20 shows the piston body (19) further developed with an economical and space-saving housing made of cast iron or cast steel, which also provides retaining tabs (67) (not shown) or axle mounts (68) for rotatable suspension.
The size of the piston body (19) is determined by the number and size of the shear pistons (4), the diameter range of the workpieces (1) and the area of the incidence of cutting bits (2). While the latter can generally be assumed to have the lower central 120 ° area of the circular cross-section, there is a restriction to a diameter area on workpieces (1) which is determined by the diameter of the shaving head (30) or shaving ring (54) and its round workpiece ( 1) adapted shape is determined. Shaving head (30), which is formed and shaped on a largest diameter D _{1 of} a workpiece (1), can also overlap the lateral surface of a smaller workpiece by arranging the shear pistons (4) one behind the other, but it only touches the smaller workpiece (1) a middle point of its suspension and remains on its outer sides a dimension x away from the jacket of the workpiece (1), which is the difference in the diameter of the largest and smallest workpieces (1) and the non-overlapped width or diameter of the shaving head (30) certainly.
With the appropriate position and shape of the cutting bit, this distance or this dimension can be x, which corresponds to the same distance of a shaving head (30) of 120 mm in diameter at an angle of 0.2 ° to 2 ° pressed against a flat surface, and thus only is influenced by the material and temperature of the cut workpiece (1) and the cutting process. Practical tests then determine this distance, from which sliding on the sides of the shaving head (30) onto the cutting bit (2), which requires high forces, certainly does not take place. With this distance, the diameter D _{2 of} the smallest workpiece (1) can be easily determined geometrically compared to the largest. For other diameter ranges, other design data for the position, number, diameter and stroke paths of the shear pistons (4) must then be selected.
A basic inclined adjustment of the shear piston (4) by 0.2 ° to 2 ° to the lower surface of a workpiece (1) can also be used for the lowest shear piston (4) as with flat products. Depending on the position of the axis of rotation of the piston body (19), however, the shear pistons (4) arranged higher move towards the axis of rotation by a smaller amount. However, there is a proportionate slight but equivalent entanglement between the spherically recessed surface shape of the shaving head (30) and the outer surface of the workpiece. In addition, the beards (2) are weaker or easier to remove in these areas.

The same and similar findings also apply to the deburrer for workpieces (1) shown in Figure 21 with a horizontally lying double-T profile. As with round workpieces (1), there are shear pistons (4) pointing vertically or diagonally upwards. For the flat surfaces on the lower sides and inner sloping sides of the vertical flanges and on the underside of the web, the usual flat, cylindrical shaving heads (30) are used, in the rounded corners between the web and flanges, rounded shaving heads (30). Here, for example, the setting of the angle of attack α of the shear pistons (4) from 0.2 ° to 2 ° back and forth in both working directions is provided for the front and end trimmings (2) by means of stops (66) which can be changed in position.

In addition to removing transverse beards by parallel displacement of the piston body (19) on flat workpieces (1), for example slabs, they can also be pivoted by pivoting the piston body (19) under a workpiece (1) using a swivel bearing (69) and swivel drive (70) Remove on main frame (8) as shown in Figure 22 .
It is only important that the swivel angle on the side of the swivel bearing (69) sufficiently covers possible differences in position of the cutting bit (2).

Starting from this version, as shown in the drawing in Figure 23 , longitudinal cutting beards (2), such as those caused by flame cutting when slabs are cut lengthways, can also be removed with this deburring system.

There are swivel bearings (69) and swivel drive (70) of the longitudinal part debinder under the Longitudinal central axis of a cutting bit (2), which may be supplied on both sides Workpiece (1), and after lifting the main frame (8) by the lifting cylinder (9) and extending the shear piston (4) once to one side and then to the other side in each case a section shear the cutting bit (2) on each side. After lowering the bearer and pushing it further the workpiece (1) by a so-called shear step, a new deburring cycle takes place.

It is known that for debarking with low forces on the cutting bit (2), e.g. at the Flaming, burning, chopping or chiseling no measures are required to to hold the workpiece (1) in position. Also that to debark with larger forces like Press off and shear off, the workpieces (1) must either be held on well a combined hold-down / advance (71) or by a drive roller set (not shown), which clamps, holds and holds the workpiece (1) like a roll stand Roll rotation moves.

According to the invention, FIG. 24 shows a new type of device for determining the position, fixing and moving the workpiece (1) over the debarrer (s), consisting of a piston body (19) according to the invention with a shear piston (4).
For example, a deburring carriage (74) with a liftable and lowerable holding thrust punch (75), which is set down on both sides and with which a workpiece (1a) is stopped, travels on the same tracks (72) as a flame cutting machine (73) above a workpiece (1). can be depressed and shifted, namely for transporting and debarking the workpiece (1a), for debarking at a standstill (the deburrer moves) and for the moving debarker (the bearer stands); can be used for the front and end beard. For this purpose, the deburring carriage is not only equipped with a powerful motor and a gear / rack drive on the track (72), but also raises and lowers its holding push stamp (75) with a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder (76).

Since moving on the same track (72) as the flame cutting machine (73), the Deburring trolleys also serve as a mechanical stop for a length measuring device, the deburring carriage (74) by the desired length from the Flame cutting machine (73) removed, the incoming workpiece (1) stops.

Finally, Figure 25 shows a fixed deburring pendulum (77), which is arranged above the debacher with a shear piston (4), piston body (19) and rotary bearing (18) and consists of a holding thrust ram (75) rotatably mounted on a frame (80) with a pressing cylinder (76) and welded (rounded) paragraphs at the lower end. A second hydraulic cylinder (78) on the frame (77) rotates the holding thrust ram (75) via a lever (79) to the exposed method by the pneumatic cylinder (76) in the position pressed over the shear piston (4) of the debinder below the workpiece (1a) , which rests on a conventional roller conveyor, not shown. This delivers the respective workpiece (1a) and brings it to a halt in the deburring area, controlled by any limit switches or light barriers. Here the holding thrust punch (75) takes over to reveal the end and cutting bit (2), the holding thrust punch (75) swivels or pulls up, the workpiece (1a) runs back on the roller table and the front cutting bit (2) is removed with the help of the Retaining push stamp (75) of the deburring pendulum (77) is exposed in reverse. Susceptible length differences of the holding thrust punch (75) are absorbed or compensated for by the pneumatic cylinder (76).

When transporting a round workpiece (1) to and over the deburrer, this workpiece (1) can rotate so that the cutting bit (2) to be removed is no longer in a position inclined to the deburring, e.g. B. is pointing down, or no longer fits in the deburring sector of the round deer. In the immediate vicinity or above the bearer, the round workpiece must be rotated so that all disruptive parts of the beard are grasped by the shear pistons (4) provided in the subsequent deburring. As shown in Figure 26 according to the invention, for this purpose a burr turning device (81-87) is arranged in front of and behind the borer (to bare a front and end face cutting bit (2)), which, depending on the possible lengths of the round workpieces, consisting of two or more double wedge bars (84), each with two mutually inclined friction surfaces on the top on support rollers (83) in the roller table frame (82) of the roller conveyor with truncated cone rollers (81). Simultaneously operated and controlled spindle drives (87) move by means of the spindle (86) and spindle nut (85) on the double wedge bars (84) back and forth under the workpiece (1) depending on the desired direction of rotation. The double wedge bars (84) push and lift the round workpiece (1) against the inclined surfaces of the truncated cone rollers (81), which causes the same to rotate until the desired position is reached. Withdrawal of the double wedge bars (84) then releases the workpiece (1) again, which can now be moved in a deblocking manner.

Legend

1

workpiece

1a

workpiece

2nd

Cutting bit

3rd

Shearbar

4th

Shear piston

5

Shear sleigh

6

Sliding track

7

Shear cylinder

8th

Main frame

9, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

Lifting cylinder

10th

Deburring machine

11

attack

12th

Pressure cylinder

13

Shearbar housing

14

Guide holes

15

Shear edge

16

Shaving cap

17th

Lifting frame

18th

Pivot bearing

19th

Piston body

20th

upper pivot bearing

21

upper piston body / hold-down roller

22

Cutting bead

23

Degenerator

24th

Dickenstein

25th

Rotary drive

26

Rotary stop

27

Base plate

28

Stroke guide

29

Air duct

30th

Shaving head

31

Piston

32

Piston skirt

33

Snap ring

34

Buffering

35

Printing area

36

upper piston bushing

37

lower piston bushing

38

Allen screw

39

Sealing ring

40

Location bolt

41

Storage

42

Ring groove

43

Grooves

44

Lagering pin

45

Layer groove

46

Holding groove

47

Insertion grooves

48

Position spring

49

Return spring

50

Slide back cover

51

protective cap

52

Leadership area

53

cover

54

Scherring

55

pen

56

Scherringsetter

57

Bracket

58

Setter housing

59

Setter plate

60

Riser

61

Flip cover

62

Piston sleeve

63

feather

64

casing

65

Base plate

66

attack

67

Retaining tabs

68

Axle support

69

Swivel bearing

70

Swivel drive

71

Hold-down / push

72

career

73

Flame cutting machine

74

Deburring carriage

75

Holding push stamp

76

pneumatic cylinder

77

Discarding Pendulum

78

hydraulic cylinder

79

lever

80

framework

81

Truncated cone rollers

82

Roller table frame

83

Carrying rollers

84

Double wedge bar

85

Spindle nut

86

spindle

87

Spindle drive

Claims (12)

1. Continuous steel casting plant with in- or off-line device to deburr oxy-gas cutting beards (2) and cutting beads (22) at rectangular, round and specially shaped strands, slabs, and blooms (1) upon subdividing or straight-sitting by means of oxy-gas flame cutting with deburring segments - which can individually be pressed on pneumatically - and a stationary and mobile insert, alternatingly for the front and end beard, characterized in that rotatable pipe-like piston bodies (19) in portal or cantilever design are arranged across or longitudinally to the transport direction of the work piece (1) in a row of cylindrical deburring pistons (4) - which are plugged in on one side only and can individually be pressed in and would not pop out under the pressure in the piston body (19) - with exchangeable annular shear rings (50), set at the shear head (30) below and above the work piece (1) (strand, slab, or bloom) slightly inclined towards the deburring surface by 0.2° to 2°; the piston bodies being arranged on a lifting frame (17) - with or without rails for longitudinal transfer, moving gear, and transfer drive or swivel bearing (69) and swivel drive (70) respectively - which is arranged on one or two sides next to the work support or in one of its gaps and supported by at least three elastically functioning lifting or lowering devices which are limited in their upward and downward direction. It is furthermore characterized in that the deburring pistons (4) of the other side are replaced or completed by rollers or guide shoes in case of an unilateral deburring. Above that deburrer (23), a forward and backward transferrable pushing device is arranged whose liftable and lowerable plunger, put down in front of or behind the work piece (1) for the purpose of deburring, will hold the work piece down and push it over the deburrer (23).
2. Continuous steel casting plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the deburrer (23) consists of frame (17) to be lifted by means of a lifting cylinder (9.1), and resting on base plates (27) and to which the lower rotatable piston body (19) is mounted in the swivel bearing (18) in a slidable way and the upper piston body (21) to the swivel bearing (20) in a fixed way; in that there are lifting cylinders (9.1) below the lifting frame (17) - lifting cylinders being provided as working cylinders between the lifting frame (17) and the lower piston body (19) and the swivel bearing (18) respectively - and in that further lifting cylinders (9.3) are arranged between the swivel bearings (18 and 20) to press open the passage between the lower piston body (18) and the upper piston body (21).
3. Continuous steel casting plant, according to one of the claims 1 and 2, characterized in that in the lower and the upper part exchangeable thickness blocks (25), depending on the thickness of the work piece (1), are arranged between the lower and upper piston bodies (19 and 21 respectively) or their relevant components such as swivel bearing (18 and 20 respectively) in order to fix the narrowest passage width for a floating frame of upper and lower piston bodies (21 and 19 respectively).
4. Continuous steel casting plant, according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the upper piston body (21) will no more be needed, so that only the lifting frame (17) with the lower piston body (19) with lifting cylinder (9.1) will rest on a deburring slide (5) or on a base plate (27), the lifting frame (17) and the piston body (19) or the piston body alone easily being exchangeable by lifting them off or putting them on.
5. Continuous steel casting plant, according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the upper piston body (21) serves as hold-down device as it is designed as a roll, carrying guide rolls or guide shoes, possibly also as caps, above the upper downward oriented deburring pistons (4).
6. Continuous steel casting plant, according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the piston body (19) is positioned on the lifting frame (17) in such a way that it can rotate to a limited extent, so that it will adjust itself by frictional forces or by means of a drive at an angle between the work piece (1) and the deburring piston (4) corresponding to a slight inclination of the shear head (30) of the deburring pistons (4) beneath the deburring surfaces.
7. Continuous steel casting plant, according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the piston body (19) is designed as round or angular pipe constantly filled with compressed air during the deburring operation or as another hollow body corresponding to the profile shape to be deburred which is provided with the relevant number of bores, each bore being provided with two piston sleeves (36, 37) to receive the deburring pistons set off at least once.
8. Continuous steel casting plant, according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the one-piece deburring piston (4) consists of the following parts: shear ring (50), shear head (30), working piston (31), piston shaft (32), and its pressure area stemming from the difference between the cross-sectional areas of the working piston (31) and the piston shaft (32).
9. Continuous steel casting plant, according to one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, regarding the direction of shearing, the horizontal projection of the cylindrical shear heads (30) will result in a straight line or a line corresponding to the profile shape of the work piece and in that the number of the deburring pistons (4), the diameter of the deburring pistons, and the profile of the shear heads can be combined ad libitum, depending on the size and shape of the cross section of the work piece.
10. Continuous steel casting plant, according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that an extended lower piston sleeve (37) projecting into the piston body (19) contains at least two open insertion grooves (46) going through from the inner end up to a ring groove (42) and arranged in front of the proper piston sleeve (37), as well as - in a staggered way - at least two position grooves (45) closed at the inner end and reaching up to the ring groove for a position bolt (40) transversally seated in the piston shaft (32) of the deburring piston (4). Quite below the ring groove (42), there is an elastically yielding position ring (41) with flutes (43).
11. Continuous steel casting plant, according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a lower piston sleeve (37) projecting into the piston body (19) and extended to the outside is penetrated by a position bolt in this outside area, a guide area (52) of the piston shaft (32) corresponding to this bolt, and in that a pressure spring (52) to push back the deburring piston (4) is arranged between the outer end of the piston shaft outside of the piston body (19), bounded by a cover (51), and the outside of the lower piston sleeve (37).
12. Continuous steel casting plant, according to one of the claims 1 to 11 ,characterized in that before and behind the deburrer a deburrer slewing gear (81 - 87) consisting of two double key bars (84) each with spindle nut (85), spindle (86), and spindle drive (87), slidably positioned on support rollers mounted at the roller table frame (82), and in that the rough, inclined surfaces of the deburrer slewing gear (81 - 87) will have the work piece rotate to the orientation of the cutting beard at the deburrer due to the displacement and lifting of a round work piece towards the lateral conical surfaces of the truncated cone-shaped rolls.

Images