EP0670947B1 - Gangway for crossing obstacles - Google Patents
Gangway for crossing obstacles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0670947B1 EP0670947B1 EP94900877A EP94900877A EP0670947B1 EP 0670947 B1 EP0670947 B1 EP 0670947B1 EP 94900877 A EP94900877 A EP 94900877A EP 94900877 A EP94900877 A EP 94900877A EP 0670947 B1 EP0670947 B1 EP 0670947B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- members
- gangway
- floorway
- forming
- plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G1/00—Scaffolds primarily resting on the ground
- E04G1/15—Scaffolds primarily resting on the ground essentially comprising special means for supporting or forming platforms; Platforms
- E04G1/152—Platforms made of metal or with metal-supporting frame
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D15/00—Movable or portable bridges; Floating bridges
- E01D15/12—Portable or sectional bridges
- E01D15/133—Portable or sectional bridges built-up from readily separable standardised sections or elements, e.g. Bailey bridges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F13/00—Arrangements for obstructing or restricting traffic, e.g. gates, barricades ; Preventing passage of vehicles of selected category or dimensions
- E01F13/02—Arrangements for obstructing or restricting traffic, e.g. gates, barricades ; Preventing passage of vehicles of selected category or dimensions free-standing; portable, e.g. for guarding open manholes ; Portable signs or signals specially adapted for fitting to portable barriers
- E01F13/022—Pedestrian barriers; Barriers for channelling or controlling crowds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G27/00—Temporary arrangements for giving access from one level to another for men or vehicles, e.g. steps, ramps
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/30—Metal
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a walkway for crossing obstacles, in particular trenches during road works.
- Pedestrian walkways allowing the crossing of obstacles such as trenches or other types of obstacles are known.
- Some made of oxy-cut steel sheet have a relatively high weight of 80 to 200 kilos and require handling by means of a lifting machine and therefore the presence of several people for their installation. Therefore, they have two drawbacks, namely a high cost and dangers in particular the risk of being crushed during their use.
- Another solution is to use wooden bastings or floors in the form of elements with a thickness between 30 and 50 mm. These elements have a fairly short lifespan and do not facilitate the passage of wheelchairs or strollers.
- a last solution consists in filling the trenches at noon and in the evening with an embankment, which eliminates any risk of falling inside said trenches but generates a significant additional cost.
- the purpose of the present invention is therefore to provide a gateway of a new type allowing the passage of trenches without risk of falling, the assembly being installed in a simple and rapid manner without special handling equipment.
- Another object of the invention is to be able to generalize the use of railings by proposing a device for rapid assembly of the railings on said gangway.
- the invention relates to a footbridge for crossing obstacles, in particular trenches during road works, of the type comprising floor forming elements of said footbridge affecting the shape of plates, such as sheet plates, comprising reinforcing elements, such as pleats, extending over at least part of the length of at least one of the sides of said plate, characterized in that at least one of the floor elements is engaged with at least one railing, such as a barrier, consisting of vertical uprights connected by one or more crosspieces, the base of the vertical uprights being mounted integral with a plate comprising at least one reinforcing element, such as a fold, capable of coming coincident with a reinforcing element, such as a fold, of the floor element and to be covered by it.
- a railing such as a barrier
- the base of the vertical uprights being mounted integral with a plate comprising at least one reinforcing element, such as a fold, capable of coming coincident with a reinforcing element, such as a fold, of the floor element
- the gangway can be characterized in that two adjacent floor elements are assembled by overlapping at least partially to allow the superimposition of the reinforcing elements so that said elements are immobilized in at minus one direction corresponding to a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the reinforcing elements.
- the bridge object of the invention, is intended to reconstruct a sidewalk in front of a store or any other public or private building.
- This walkway consists of floor elements 6 affecting the shape of sheet metal or metal plates or any other suitable material which is sufficiently resistant. These plates are relatively thin because of reinforcing elements 5 arranged over at least part of the length of at least one on their side. These reinforcing elements generally consist of folds which extend over the entire length of said plate. Thus, in the example of FIG. 1, the reinforcing elements are convex folds 5 extending over the entire length of the longitudinal edges of said plate 6.
- the reinforcing elements 5 of two adjacent floor elements are produced with a identical profile so as to be able to partially overlap when the adjacent floor elements of said gangway overlap as shown in FIG. 3.
- the surface of the elements 6 forming the floor of this walkway is generally provided with a non-slip coating such as an embossed sheet or an anti-slip paint.
- This railing generally of the barrier type, consists of vertical uprights 3 interconnected by means of one or more crosspieces as shown in FIG. 1.
- This type of railing can be an already existing railing and in self-known.
- a plate 1 of variable size Associated with this railing is a plate 1 of variable size, this plate comprising a reinforcing element such as a fold 5 similar to the reinforcing element of the element 6 forming the floor so that these can be placed in coincidence when the element 6 forming the floor is assembled to the railing.
- the plate 1 and the vertical upright 3 of the railing are generally assembled by welding.
- a plate 7 generally made of sheet metal serving as reinforcement disposed on the face of the plate 1 in contact with the ground so as to avoid any untimely rupture at the fold 5 of the plate by pushing or pulling on the body of the railing.
- the vertical upright 3 of the railing comprises a projecting element 2 such as a cleat arranged so as to provide with the plate 1 a guide groove or housing intended to receive the edge of the element 6 forming a floor equipped with the reinforcement element 5 so that the reinforcement elements 5 of this element 6 come, once the element 6 forming the floor in position on the railing, in coincidence with the folds 5 of said plate 1 so as to immobilize in a horizontal direction the floor element 6 between one of the edges of the fold 5 of the plate 1 and the vertical upright 3.
- the guide groove which forms a cavity and is formed by the plate 1, the projecting element 2 forming a stop and the edge of the fold 5, must therefore have an opening height at least equal to the thickness of the element 6 forming the floor so as to allow the introduction of this element 6.
- the projecting element 2 forming a stop mounted integral with the vertical upright is of a length such that it allows, when the railing is pivoted around one end of the plate 1 in the direction on the side opposite to that comprising the plate 1, that is to say to the left in FIG. 1, that the floor element 6 is lifted from the plate 1 and comes into abutment against the internal face of the element protruding 2 preventing any vertical movement of the assembly.
- This anti-tilting device is reinforced by the fact that when a user crosses the bridge, his own weight constitutes a counterweight to the pushing force which he can exert on the railing.
- bracing element 4 which is arranged opposite the projection 2 on the vertical upright 3 of the railing.
- the plate 1 can constitute an element 6 forming the floor of the bridge.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
- Float Valves (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne une passerelle pour le franchissement d'obstacles en particulier de tranchées lors de travaux de voirie.The present invention relates to a walkway for crossing obstacles, in particular trenches during road works.
Les passerelles à usage riverain permettant le franchissement d'obstacles tels que des tranchées ou autres types d'obstacles sont connues. Certaines réalisées en tôle en acier oxycoupé présentent un poids relativement élevé de 80 à 200 kilos et nécessitent une manutention au moyen d'un engin de levage et donc la présence de plusieurs personnes pour leur installation. De ce fait, elles présentent deux inconvénients, à savoir un coût élevé et des dangers en particulier des risques d'écrasement lors de leur utilisation. Une autre solution consiste à utiliser des bastings de bois ou des planchers se présentant sous la forme d'éléments d'épaisseur comprise entre 30 et 50 mm. Ces éléments présentent une durée de vie assez courte et ne facilitent pas le passage de fauteuils roulants ou de poussettes. Une dernière solution consiste à reboucher les tranchées midi et soir au moyen d'un remblais, ce qui élimine tout risque de chute à l'intérieur desdites tranchées mais engendre un surcoût important.Pedestrian walkways allowing the crossing of obstacles such as trenches or other types of obstacles are known. Some made of oxy-cut steel sheet have a relatively high weight of 80 to 200 kilos and require handling by means of a lifting machine and therefore the presence of several people for their installation. Therefore, they have two drawbacks, namely a high cost and dangers in particular the risk of being crushed during their use. Another solution is to use wooden bastings or floors in the form of elements with a thickness between 30 and 50 mm. These elements have a fairly short lifespan and do not facilitate the passage of wheelchairs or strollers. A last solution consists in filling the trenches at noon and in the evening with an embankment, which eliminates any risk of falling inside said trenches but generates a significant additional cost.
Le but de la présente invention est donc de proposer une passerelle d'un nouveau type permettant le passage de tranchées sans risque de chute, l'ensemble étant installé de manière simple et rapide sans engin de manutention particulier.The purpose of the present invention is therefore to provide a gateway of a new type allowing the passage of trenches without risk of falling, the assembly being installed in a simple and rapid manner without special handling equipment.
Un autre but de l'invention est de pouvoir généraliser l'utilisation de garde-corps en proposant un dispositif d'assemblage rapide du garde-corps sur ladite passerelle.Another object of the invention is to be able to generalize the use of railings by proposing a device for rapid assembly of the railings on said gangway.
L'invention concerne à cet effet une passerelle pour le franchissement d'obstacles en particulier de tranchées lors de travaux de voirie, du type comportant des éléments formant plancher de ladite passerelle affectant la forme de plaques, telles que des plaques de tôles, comportant des éléments de renfort, tels que des plis, s'étendant sur au moins une partie de la longueur d'au moins un des côtés de ladite plaque, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un des éléments formant plancher est en prise avec au moins un garde-corps, tel qu'une barrière, constitué de montants verticaux reliés par une ou plusieurs traverses, la base des montants verticaux étant montée solidaire d'une platine comportant au moins un élément de renfort, tel qu'un pli, susceptible de venir en coïncidence avec un élément de renfort, tel qu'un pli, de l'élément formant plancher et d'être recouvert par celui-ci.To this end, the invention relates to a footbridge for crossing obstacles, in particular trenches during road works, of the type comprising floor forming elements of said footbridge affecting the shape of plates, such as sheet plates, comprising reinforcing elements, such as pleats, extending over at least part of the length of at least one of the sides of said plate, characterized in that at least one of the floor elements is engaged with at least one railing, such as a barrier, consisting of vertical uprights connected by one or more crosspieces, the base of the vertical uprights being mounted integral with a plate comprising at least one reinforcing element, such as a fold, capable of coming coincident with a reinforcing element, such as a fold, of the floor element and to be covered by it.
Selon une forme de réalisation préférée de l'invention, la passerelle peut être caractérisée en ce que deux éléments formant plancher adjacents sont assemblés en se chevauchant au moins partiellement pour permettre la superposition des éléments de renfort de telle sorte que lesdits éléments sont immobilisés en au moins une direction correspondant à une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal des éléments de renfort.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the gangway can be characterized in that two adjacent floor elements are assembled by overlapping at least partially to allow the superimposition of the reinforcing elements so that said elements are immobilized in at minus one direction corresponding to a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the reinforcing elements.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront encore à la lecture de la description qui suit et des dessins joints, lesquels description et dessins sont donnés surtout à titre d'exemple. Dans ces dessins :
- la figure 1 représente une vue en perspective d'une passerelle prête à être équipée d'un garde-corps conforme à l'invention;
- la figure 2 représente une vue en coupe de l'élément formant plancher de la passerelle devant être introduit et assemblé au garde-corps; et
- la figure 3 représente une vue en perspective d'au moins deux éléments du plancher assemblés de manière à constituer une passerelle.
- Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a walkway ready to be equipped with a railing according to the invention;
- 2 shows a sectional view of the floor element of the bridge to be introduced and assembled to the railing; and
- FIG. 3 represents a perspective view of at least two elements of the floor assembled so as to constitute a walkway.
Conformément à la figure 1, la passerelle, objet de l'invention, est destinée à reconstituer un trottoir devant un magasin ou tout autre édifice public ou privé.According to Figure 1, the bridge, object of the invention, is intended to reconstruct a sidewalk in front of a store or any other public or private building.
Cette passerelle est constituée d'éléments formant plancher 6 affectant la forme de plaques de tôles ou de métal ou de tout autre matériau approprié suffisamment résistant. Ces plaques sont d'épaisseur relativement faible en raison d'éléments de renfort 5 disposés sur au moins une partie de la longueur d'au moins un de leur côté. Ces éléments de renfort sont généralement constitués par des plis qui s'étendent sur toute la longueur de ladite plaque. Ainsi, dans l'exemple de la figure 1, les éléments de renfort sont des plis 5 convexes s'étendant sur toute la longueur des bords longitudinaux de ladite plaque 6. Les éléments de renfort 5 de deux éléments formant plancher adjacents sont réalisés avec un profil identique de manière à pouvoir se superposer partiellement lorsque les éléments formant plancher adjacents de ladite passerelle se chevauchent comme le montre la figure 3. Grâce à ce chevauchement partiel et à cette superposition des éléments de renfort 5 qui constituent les moyens d'assemblage des éléments formant plancher, on obtient un ensemble formant passerelle immobilisé dans une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal des plis. Il est à noter qu'en outre, la surface des éléments 6 formant plancher de cette passerelle est généralement munie d'un revêtement anti-dérapant telle qu'une tôle gaufrée ou une peinture antidérapante.This walkway consists of
Dans certains cas, il est nécessaire d'associer à la passerelle un garde-corps. Ce garde-corps, généralement du type barrière, est constitué de montants verticaux 3 reliés entre eux au moyen d'une ou plusieurs traverses comme le montre la figure 1. Ce type de garde-corps peut être un garde-corps déjà existant et en soi-connu. A ce garde-corps est associée une platine 1 de dimension variable, cette platine comportant un élément de renfort tel qu'un pli 5 similaire à l'élément de renfort de l'élément 6 formant plancher de manière à ce que ceux-ci puissent être placés en coïncidence lorsque l'élément 6 formant plancher est assemblé au garde-corps. La platine 1 et le montant vertical 3 du garde-corps sont généralement assemblés par soudure. Il est possible de compléter l'ensemble au moyen d'une plaque 7 généralement en tôle servant de renfort disposée sur la face de la platine 1 en contact avec le sol de manière à éviter toute rupture intempestive au niveau du pli 5 de la platine par poussée ou traction sur le corps du garde-corps.In some cases, it is necessary to associate a railing with the gangway. This railing, generally of the barrier type, consists of vertical uprights 3 interconnected by means of one or more crosspieces as shown in FIG. 1. This type of railing can be an already existing railing and in self-known. Associated with this railing is a
Le montant vertical 3 du garde-corps comporte un élément en saillie 2 tel qu'un taquet disposé de manière à ménager avec la platine 1 une rainure de guidage ou logement destiné à recevoir le bord de l'élément 6 formant plancher équipé de l'élément de renfort 5 de telle sorte que les éléments de renfort 5 de cet élément 6 viennent, une fois l'élément 6 formant plancher en position sur le garde-corps, en coïncidence avec les plis 5 de ladite platine 1 de manière à immobiliser dans un sens horizontal l'élément formant plancher 6 entre l'un des bords du pli 5 de la platine 1 et le montant vertical 3. La rainure de guidage, qui forme une cavité et est ménagée par la platine 1, l'élément saillant 2 formant butée et le bord du pli 5, doit donc présenter une hauteur d'ouverture au moins égale à l'épaisseur de l'élément 6 formant plancher de manière à permettre l'introduction de cet élément 6. En outre, pour éviter tout déplacement vertical de l'élément 6 formant plancher, l'élément saillant 2 formant butée monté solidaire du montant vertical est d'une longueur telle qu'il permet, lorsque le garde-corps est basculé par pivotement autour d'une extrémité de la platine 1 en direction du côté opposé à celui comportant la platine 1, c'est-à-dire vers la gauche dans la figure 1, que l'élément formant plancher 6 se soulève de la platine 1 et vienne en butée contre la face interne de l'élément en saillie 2 empêchant tout mouvement vertical de l'ensemble.The vertical upright 3 of the railing comprises a projecting
Ce dispositif anti-basculement est renforcé par le fait que lorsqu'un utilisateur franchit la passerelle, son poids propre constitue un contre-poids à la force de poussée qu'il peut exercer sur le garde-corps.This anti-tilting device is reinforced by the fact that when a user crosses the bridge, his own weight constitutes a counterweight to the pushing force which he can exert on the railing.
Pour parfaire l'ensemble, il peut être prévu un élément de contreventement 4 qui est disposé en regard de la saillie 2 sur le montant vertical 3 du garde-corps.To complete the assembly, there may be provided a bracing element 4 which is arranged opposite the
Bien évidemment, dans certaines configurations, la platine 1 peut constituer un élément 6 formant plancher de la passerelle.Obviously, in certain configurations, the
Claims (5)
- A gangway for crossing obstacles and notably trenches created during road works, of the kind comprising members (6) forming the floorway of the said gangway taking the shape of plates, such as sheet metal plates, comprising reinforcing members (5), such as folds, extending over at least one part of the length of at least one of the sides of the said plate,
characterised in that at least one of the floorway-forming members (6) interlocks with at least one handrail, such as a barrier, made up of vertical uprights (3) connected to each other by one or more crossbars, the base of the vertical uprights (3) being mounted firmly against a base-plate (1) comprising at least one reinforcing member (5), such as a fold, designed to coincide with a reinforcing member (5), such as a fold, of the floorway-forming member (6) and to be covered by the latter. - A gangway as claimed in claim 1,
characterized in that the reinforcing members (5) of the floorway-forming members (6) also constitute means for assembling the said members (6). - A gangway as claimed in claim 2,
characterized in that two adjacent floorway-forming members (6) are assembled by overlapping one another at least in part so as to enable the reinforcing members (5) to be overlaid so that the said members (6) are immobilized in at least one direction corresponding to a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the reinforcing members (5). - A gangway as claimed in claim 1,
characterized in that the base-plate (1) constitutes one of the floorway-forming members (6). - A gangway as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that the vertical uprights of the hand-rail comprise a protruding member (2) set apart from the base-plate (1) so as to define with the latter a guiding groove or a housing with its open face presenting a height of opening at least equal to the thickness of a floorway-forming member (6) so that the latter may be inserted into the said groove, and with a depth such that the floorway-forming member (6), brought into firm contact with the base-plate (1) by the overlaying of the reinforcing members (5) of the hand-rail, rests, when the hand-rail is in an inclined position, against the inner side of the protruding member (2) preventing any undesirable wobbling of the hand-rail.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9214480A FR2698650B1 (en) | 1992-11-27 | 1992-11-27 | Gateway for obstacle clearance. |
FR9214480 | 1992-11-27 | ||
PCT/FR1993/001162 WO1994012745A1 (en) | 1992-11-27 | 1993-11-25 | Gangway for crossing obstacles |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0670947A1 EP0670947A1 (en) | 1995-09-13 |
EP0670947B1 true EP0670947B1 (en) | 1996-07-10 |
Family
ID=9436117
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94900877A Expired - Lifetime EP0670947B1 (en) | 1992-11-27 | 1993-11-25 | Gangway for crossing obstacles |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0670947B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE140292T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69303623T2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2698650B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1994012745A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2899911B1 (en) * | 2006-04-14 | 2008-06-06 | Jean Paul Bricaud | CONNECTING NODE BETWEEN AT LEAST ONE PROTECTIVE PART AND AT LEAST ONE FLOOR ELEMENT AND PROTECTIVE STRUCTURE INCLUDING AT LEAST ONE SUCH BONDING NODE |
NL2007582C2 (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-08-09 | Donald Löhnen | SYSTEM, SUCH AS WALK-SCREEN, AND METHOD FOR WORKING ON THE TOP OF A GLASS ROOF. |
EP2930272B1 (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2017-09-13 | Plakabeton S.A. | Supporting element for security panel, method for producing the same and protection device for a site comprising such an element |
GB201703675D0 (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-04-19 | Oxford Plastic Sys Ltd | Barrier arrangement |
CN107476599A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-12-15 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Tile type overlaps packway and its construction method |
BE1027050B1 (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2020-09-10 | Ozay Tuncel | Pedestrian bridge for bridging construction pits and the like |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1148151A (en) * | 1956-04-18 | 1957-12-04 | Metal decking | |
NL6500041A (en) * | 1964-03-25 | 1965-09-27 | ||
FR2236373A5 (en) * | 1973-07-05 | 1975-01-31 | Sitraba | Temporary screen for construction sites - has sound insulating vert. panels attached to ballasted walkway panels |
FR2501267A1 (en) * | 1981-03-03 | 1982-09-10 | Entrepose | Load platform for scaffolding - comprises panels with longitudinal edges held together by co-operating fastenings |
-
1992
- 1992-11-27 FR FR9214480A patent/FR2698650B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-11-25 AT AT94900877T patent/ATE140292T1/en active
- 1993-11-25 EP EP94900877A patent/EP0670947B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-25 WO PCT/FR1993/001162 patent/WO1994012745A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1993-11-25 DE DE69303623T patent/DE69303623T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0670947A1 (en) | 1995-09-13 |
FR2698650A1 (en) | 1994-06-03 |
ATE140292T1 (en) | 1996-07-15 |
FR2698650B1 (en) | 1995-02-10 |
WO1994012745A1 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
DE69303623D1 (en) | 1996-08-14 |
DE69303623T2 (en) | 1997-03-06 |
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