Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07J—STEROIDS
  • C07J73/00—Steroids in which the cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene skeleton has been modified by substitution of one or two carbon atoms by hetero atoms
  • C07J73/001—Steroids in which the cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene skeleton has been modified by substitution of one or two carbon atoms by hetero atoms by one hetero atom
  • C07J73/005—Steroids in which the cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene skeleton has been modified by substitution of one or two carbon atoms by hetero atoms by one hetero atom by nitrogen as hetero atom
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
  • A61K31/575—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of three or more carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, ergosterol, sitosterol
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
  • A61K31/58—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids containing heterocyclic rings, e.g. danazol, stanozolol, pancuronium or digitogenin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
  • A61K31/58—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids containing heterocyclic rings, e.g. danazol, stanozolol, pancuronium or digitogenin
  • A61K31/585—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids containing heterocyclic rings, e.g. danazol, stanozolol, pancuronium or digitogenin containing lactone rings, e.g. oxandrolone, bufalin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
  • A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07J—STEROIDS
  • C07J41/00—Normal steroids containing one or more nitrogen atoms not belonging to a hetero ring
  • C07J41/0033—Normal steroids containing one or more nitrogen atoms not belonging to a hetero ring not covered by C07J41/0005
  • C07J41/0038—Normal steroids containing one or more nitrogen atoms not belonging to a hetero ring not covered by C07J41/0005 with an androstane skeleton, including 18- or 19-substituted derivatives, 18-nor derivatives and also derivatives where position 17-beta is substituted by a carbon atom not directly bonded to a further carbon atom and not being part of an amide group
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07J—STEROIDS
  • C07J41/00—Normal steroids containing one or more nitrogen atoms not belonging to a hetero ring
  • C07J41/0033—Normal steroids containing one or more nitrogen atoms not belonging to a hetero ring not covered by C07J41/0005
  • C07J41/0072—Normal steroids containing one or more nitrogen atoms not belonging to a hetero ring not covered by C07J41/0005 the A ring of the steroid being aromatic

Definitions

• the present invention relates to novel substituted 17- ⁇ acyl steroidal 5 ⁇ -reductase inhibiting compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds and methods for using these compounds to inhibit steroid 5 ⁇ - reductase. Also invented are novel processes useful in preparing these compounds.
• the class of steroidal hormones known as androgens is responsible for the physical characteristics that differentiate males from females. Of the several organs that produce androgens, the testes produce these, hormones in the greatest amounts. Centers in the brain exert primary control over the level of androgen production. Numerous physical manifestations and disease states result when ineffective control results in excessive androgen hormone production. For example, acne vulgaris, seborrhea, female hirsutism, male pattern baldness and prostatic hypertrophy are correlated with elevated androgen levels. Additionally, the reduction of androgen levels has been shown to have a therapeutic effect on prostate cancer.
• Testosterone is the principal androgen secreted by the testes and is the primary androgenic steroid in the plasma of males. It now is known that 5- ⁇ -reduced androgens are the active hormones in some tissues such as the prostate and sebaceous gland. Circulating testosterone thus serves as a prohormone for dihydrotestosterone (DHT) , its 5- ⁇ - reduced analogue, in these tissues but not in others such as muscle and testis.
• DHT dihydrotestosterone
• Steroid 5- ⁇ -reductase is a Nicotinamide Adenine dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH) dependent enzyme that converts testosterone to DHT.
• NADPH Nicotinamide Adenine dinucleotide Phosphate
• a number of substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl steroidal 5 ⁇ - reductase inhibiting compounds are know in the art. For example,
• U.S. Patent No. 4,760,071 describes a class of substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl-4-aza-steroidal 5 ⁇ -reductase inhibiting compounds.
• U.S. Patent No. 4,970,204 describes a class of substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl-3-nitro steroidal 5 ⁇ -reductase inhibiting compounds.
• U.S. Patent No. 5,017,568 describes a class of substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl-3-carboxylic acid steroidal 5 ⁇ - reductase inhibiting compounds.
• U.S. Patent No. 4,954,446 describes a class of substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl A ring aryl 3-carboxylic acid steroidal 5 ⁇ -reductase inhibiting compounds.
• U.S. Patent No. 4,970,205 describes a class of substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl A ring aryl 3-sulfonic acid steroidal 5 ⁇ reductase inhibiting compounds.
• U.S. Patent No. 4,910,226 describes a class of substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl A nor 2-carboxylic acid steroidal 5 ⁇ reductase inhibiting compounds.
• U.S. Patent No. 4,937,237 describes a class of substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl A ring aryl 3-phos ⁇ honic acid steroidal 5 ⁇ reductase inhibiting compounds.
• U.S. Patent No. 4,882,319 describes a class of substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl A ring aryl 3-phosphinic acid steroidal 5 ⁇ reductase inhibiting compounds.
• U.S. Patent No. 5,026,882 describes a class of substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl 3-phosphinic acid steroidal 5 ⁇ reductase inhibiting compounds.
• U.S. Patent No. 4,946,834 describes a class of substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl 3-phosphonic acid steroidal 5 ⁇ reductase inhibiting compounds.
• WO 91/19732 describes a class of substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl 3-acetic acid steroidal 5 ⁇ reductase inhibiting compounds.
• U.S. Patent No. 5,100,917 describes substituted 17 ⁇ - acyl A nor 3-carboxylic acid steroidal 5 ⁇ reductase inhibiting compounds.
• WO 91/267098-36 describes a class of substituted 17 ⁇ - acyl-4-aza 5 ⁇ reductase inhibiting compounds.
• This invention relates to compounds which are substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl 5 ⁇ -reductase inhibiting steroidal compounds and methods of using these compounds to inhibit steroid 5 ⁇ -reductase.
• novel processes useful in preparing the presently invented 5 ⁇ -reductase inhibiting compounds include pharmaceutical compositions comprising a pharmaceutical carrier and compounds useful in the methods of the invention.
• substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl as used herein is meant a substituent at C17 of a steroidal 5 ⁇ -reductase inhibiting compound of the formula (I)
• A is absent or present as ⁇ -12 linear or branched alkylidene and examples of the term "R" as used herein includes but are not limited to;
• R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from hydrogen, C3_gcycloalkyl or phenyl; or
• substituted alkyl is linear or branched C]_-Ci2 substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of: aryl, acyloxy, amino, N- acylamino, oxo, carboxyalkyl, halogen and protected -OH;
• cycloalkyl is nonaromatic, unsaturated or saturated, cyclic or polycyclic C3-C12, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms, and optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of: aryl, hydroxyalkyl, alkyl, alkoxy, acyloxy, amino, N-acylamino, oxo, carboxyalkyl, halogen and protected -OH; and
• aryl is cyclic or polycyclic aromatic C3-C12, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms, provided that when C is 3 the aromatic ring contains at least two heteroatoms and when C is 4 the aromatic ring contains at
• R is as illustrated above.
• R is NR 1 R 2 where R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from hydrogen and a substitutent selected from the group consisting of; hydrogen, C3_gcycloalkyl and phenyl.
• the compounds of this invention which inhibit 5 ⁇ - reductase are the 17 ⁇ -epimer derivatives of substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl steroidal 5 ⁇ -reductase inhibiting compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, solvates and esters thereof.
• Substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl steroidal 5 ⁇ reductase inhibiting compounds are considered herein as starting material used to prepare the presently invented 17 ⁇ -acyl steroidal 5 ⁇ reductase inhibiting compounds.
• ⁇ -eipmer as used herein is meant that the 17 ⁇ -acyl substituent of the steroidal 5 ⁇ reductase inhibitors disclosed herein as starting material is transformed to the ⁇ -position.
• Preferred compounds of the invention and compounds used in the invented pharmaceutical compositions and the invented methods include:
• protected hydroxy or “protected-OH” as used herein, is meant the alcoholic or carboxylic-OH groups which can be protected by conventional blocking groups in the art as described in “Protective Groups In Organic Synthesis” by Theodora W. Greene, Wiley- Interscience, 1981, New York. Preferred are the triorganosilyl groups, e.g. t-butyldimethylsilyl, phenyldimethylsilyl, diphenylmethylsilyl, and the like.
• C x -Cy is meant a moiety having from x to y carbons.
• aryl as used herein, unless otherwise defined, is meant cyclic or polycyclic aromatic C3-C12, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms, provided that when C is 3 the aromatic ring contains at least two heteroatoms and when C is 4 the aromatic ring contains at least one hetero atom, and optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, Cg-Ci ⁇ a ⁇ ⁇ -r hydroxyalkyl, alkoxy, acyloxy, amino, N-acylamino, nitro, cyano, halogen, carboxyalkyl, -S(0) n R ⁇ , protected -OH, where n is 0 - 2, and R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl or Cg-Ci2 aryl.
• aryl and substituted aryl as used herein include: phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, 4- fluorophenyl, 4-hydroxy-phenyl, 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl, 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl and 4- carboxymethylpheny1.
• C -Ci2 aryl as used herein, is meant substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, naphthyl or biphenyl.
• alkoxy as used herein is meant -Oalkyl where alkyl is as described herein including -OCH3 and -OC(CH 3 ) 2 CH 3 .
• cycloalkyl and substituted cycloalkyl as used herein include: cyclohexyl, 4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl, ethylcyclohexyl, propyl 4-methoxycyclohexyl, 4-methoxycyclohexyl, 4-carboxycyclohexyl and cyclopentyl.
• acyloxy as used herein is meant -OC(0) alkyl where alkyl is as described herein.
• acyloxy substituents as used herein include: -OC(0)CH 3 , -OC(0)CH(CH 3 ) 2 and -OC (0) (CH 2 ) 3CH3.
• N-acylamino as used herein is meant -N(H) C (0) alkyl, where alkyl is as described herein.
• Examples of N-acylamino as used herein include: -N(H)C(0)CH 3 , -N(H)C(0)CH(CH 3 ) 2 and -N(H) C (0) (CH 2 ) 3CH3.
• heteroatom as used herein is meant oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur.
• halogen as used herein is meant a substituent selected from bromide, iodide, chloride and fluoride.
• alkyl and “alkylidene” and derivatives thereof and in all carbon chains as used herein is meant a linear or branched monovalent or divalent carbon chain having C ⁇ -C ⁇ carbons. Examples of alkyl as used herein indued: -CH3, -CH2-CH3, -CH2- CH 2 -CH 3 , -CH(CH 3 ) 2 , -C(CH 3 ) 3 , -(CH 2 )3-CH3, -CH 2 -
• alkylidene as used herein include: -CH2-, -CH2-CH2-, -CH2-CH2-CH2-, -CH(CH 3 )CH2-, -CH2-CH 2 -CH2-CH 2 -, -CH2CH(CH3)CH 2 ⁇ , -CH(CH 3 )CH 2 -CH2-, and -C(CH3) 2 -CH 2 -.
• substituted as used herein, unless otherwise defined, is meant that the subject chemical moiety has one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, aryl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxy, acyloxy, amino, N-acyl amino, oxo, carboxyalkyl, halogen and protected -OH.
• treating and derivatives thereof as used herein, is meant prophylactic or therapeutic therapy.
• the pharmaceutically active compounds of the present invention are included in the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention and used in the methods of the invention.
• pharmaceutically acceptable esters can be employed, for example methyl, ethyl, pivaloyloxymethyl, and the like for -COOH, and acetate maleate and the like for -OH, and those esters known in the art for modifying solubility or hydrolysis characteristics for use as sustained release or prodrug formulations.
• ⁇ -receptor antagonist refers to a known class of alpha-andrenergic receptor antagonist compounds, such as described in Lafferty, et al. U.S. Patent No. 4,963,547, which are utilized in treating vascular disorders such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, benign prostatic hypertrophy and ocular hypertension.
• Preferred alpha-andrenergic receptor antagonists for use in the compositions and methods of the invention include amsulosin, terazocin, doxazosin, alfuzosin, indoramin and prazosin.
• amsulosin as used herein is meant a compound of the formula
• amsulosin is designated as (-)-(R)-5- [2- [ [2- (O-ethoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino]propyl] -2- methoxybenzenesulfonamide.
• Amsulosin is disclosed in U.S. Patent Number 4,703,063 and claimed in U.S. Patent Number 4,987,125 as being useful in treating lower urinary tract dysfunction.
• terazocin as used herein is meant a compound of the formula
• terazocin is designated as l-(4-amino- 6,7-dimethoxy-2 quinazolinyl) -4- [ (tetrahydro-2- furoyl) carbonyl]piperazine.
• Terazocin is disclosed in U.S. Patent Number 4,251,532.
• doxazosin as used herein is meant a compound of the formula
• doxazosin is designated as l-(4-amino- 6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl) -4-[ (2,3-dihydro-l, 4- benzodioxin-2-yl) carbonyl]-piperazine.
• Doxazosin is disclosed in U.S. Patent Number 4,188,390.
• alfuzosin as used herein is meant a compound of the formula
• Chemically alfuzosin is designated as N-[3-[(4- amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl)methylamino]- propyl]tetrahydro-2-furancarboxamide.
• indoramin as used herein is meant a compound of the formula
• prazosin as used herein is meant a compound of the formula
• alpha-andrenergic receptor antagonist as used herein.
• minoxidil as used herein is meant the compound of the formula: 0
• Minoxidil is designated as 2,4- pyrimidineadiamine, 6- (1-piperidinyl) -,3-oxide.
• Minoxidil is the active ingredient in Rogaine® which is sold as topical solution for stimulating hair growth by the Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan.
• a pharmaceutical composition contains a 5- ⁇ -reductase inhibitor, as described herein and a further active ingredient, said 5- ⁇ -reductase inhibitor can be co-administered with said further active ingredient.
• co-administering and derivative thereof as used herein is meant either simultaneous administration or any manner of consecutive administration of a 5- ⁇ -reductase inhibiting compound, as described herein, and a further active ingredient, such as other compounds known to treat the disease states of acne vulgaris, seborrhea, female hirsutism, male pattern baldness, benign prostate hypertrophy or human prostatic adenocarcinoma.
• a further active ingredient such as other compounds known to treat the disease states of acne vulgaris, seborrhea, female hirsutism, male pattern baldness, benign prostate hypertrophy or human prostatic adenocarcinoma.
• the two compounds are administered in a close time proximity to each other.
• the compounds are both administered in the same dosage form, e.g. one compound may be administered by injection and the other compound may be administered orally.
• the substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl steroidal 5 ⁇ -reductase inhibitors which are considered starting material herein will be known and shown to be potent inhibitors of steroid 5- ⁇ -reductase. Under standard synthetic conditions the steroidal 17 ⁇ - acyl substituent, as described herein, is formed.
• the presently invented substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl steroidal 5 ⁇ -reductase inhibiting compounds are prepared by epimerization of the corresponding substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl steroidal 5 ⁇ -reductase inhibiting compound as described in the general method below.
• dimethyl sulfoxide or other non-reactive high boiling solvents are preferred when the starting 17 ⁇ - acyl 5 ⁇ -reductase inhibiting steroidal compound contains reactive substituents or reactive unsaturated bonds that are, for example, subject to nucleophilic attack and ethylene Glycol, or other reactive high boiling solvents can be used when the reactivity of the substituents or any unsaturated bonds of the starting 17 ⁇ -acyl 5 ⁇ -reductase inhibiting steroidal compound is not a consideration.
• ketone reduction product of the presently invented 17 ⁇ - acyl steroidal compounds is also within the scope of the present invention.
• ketone reduction product as used herein is meant the corresponding secondary alcohol of the 17 ⁇ - acyl substituents of the presently invented compounds said corresponding secondary alcohol having the structure HO-C-A-R
• a and R are as defined above and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, solvates and esters thereof.
• R is a phenyl which contains a carbonyl function, it can be selectively blocked and then regenerated after the borohydride reduction by conventional methods.
• the borohydride reduction can be carried out in e.g. water or aqueous methanol, at a temperature of room temperature to 50°C and the product then isolated and purified by conventional means.
• the compounds are also active as 5-alpha reductase inhibitors.
• the presently invented pharmaceutically active compounds inhibit steroid 5- ⁇ -reductase activity, they have therapeutic utility in treating diseases and conditions wherein decreases in DHT activity produces the desired therapeutic effect.
• diseases and conditions include acne vulgaris, seborrhea, female hirsutism, male pattern baldness, prostate diseases such as benign prostatic hypertrophy, and human prostatic adenocarcinoma.
• Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells containing expressed, recombinant human steroid 5 ⁇ -reductase isoenzyme 1 (Andersson, S., Berman, D.M., Jenkins, E.P., and Russell, D.W. (1991) Nature 354 159-161) were homogenized in 20 mM potassium phosphate, pH 6.5, buffer containing 0.33 M sucrose, 1 mM dithiothreitol, and 50 ⁇ M NADPH (buffer A) using a Dounce glass-to-glass hand homogenizer (Kontes Glass Co., Vineland, N.J.) .
• Membrane particulates were isolated by centrifugation (100,000 x g at 4 °C for 60 minutes) and resuspended in 20 mM potassium phosphate, pH 6.5, containing 20% glycerol, 1 mM dithiothreitol, and 50 ⁇ M NADPH (buffer B) .
• the suspended particulate solution was stored at -80°C.
• Frozen human prostates were thawed and minced into small pieces ( Brinkmann Polytron (Sybron Corp., Westbury, New York) .
• the solution was sonicated for 3 to 5 minutes with a Sonifier (Branson Sonic Power Co.) followed by hand homogenization in a Dounce hand homogenizer.
• Prostatic particles were obtained by differential centrifugation at 600 or 1000 x g for 20 minutes and 140,000 x g for 60 minutes at 4°C.
• the pellet obtained from the 140,000 x g centrifugation was washed with 5 to 10 tissue volumes of the buffer described above and centrifuged at 140,000 x g.
• the resulting pellet was suspended in buffer B and the particulate suspension was stored at -80°C.
• Assay for enzymes activities and inhibitors potency A constant amount of [ 14C]testosterone (50 to 55 mCi/mmol) in ethanol and varying amounts of potential inhibitor in ethanol were deposited in test tubes and concentrated to dryness in vacuo. To each tube was added buffer, 10 ⁇ L (isoenzyme 1) or 20 ⁇ L (isoenzyme 2) of 10 mM NADPH and an aliquot of a steroid 5 ⁇ -reductase preparation to a final volume of 0.5 mL. Assays for human steroid 5 ⁇ -reductase isoenzyme 1 were conducted with a sample of the recombinant protein expressed in
• the residue was dissolved in 40 ⁇ L chloroform, spotted on an individual lane of a 20 x 20 cm prechannelled silica gel TLC plate (Si 250F-PA, Baker Chemical) and developed twice with acetone:chloroform (1:9).
• the radiochemical content in the bands of the substrate and the products was determined with a BIOSCAN Imaging Scanner (Bioscan Inc., Washington, D.C.). The percent of recovered radiolabel converted to product was calculated, from which enzyme activity was determined. All incubations were conducted such that no more than 20% of the substrate (testosterone) was consumed.
• the experimentally obtained data was computer fit to a linear function by plotting the reciprocal of the enzyme activity (1/velocity) against the variable inhibitor concentration; apparent inhibition constants (K j _ app) were determined by the Dixon analysis (Dixon, M. (1953) .
• Solid or liquid pharmaceutical carriers are employed.
• Solid carriers include, starch, lactose, calcium sulfate dihydrate, terra alba, sucrose, talc, gelatin, agar, pectin, acacia, magnesium stearate, and stearic acid.
• Liquid carriers include syrup, peanut oil, olive oil, saline, and water.
• the carrier or diluent may include any prolonged release material, such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate, alone or with a wax.
• the amount of solid carrier varies widely but, preferably, will be from about 25 mg to about 1 g per dosage unit.
• the preparation will be in the form of a syrup, elixir, emulsion, soft gelatin capsule, sterile injectable liquid such as an ampoule, or an aqueous or nonaqueous liquid suspension.
• the pharmaceutical preparations are made following conventional techniques of a pharmaceutical chemist involving mixing, granulating, and compressing, when necessary, for tablet forms, or mixing, filling and dissolving the ingredients/ as appropriate, to give the desired oral or parenteral products.
• Doses of the presently invented pharmaceutically active compounds in a pharmaceutical dosage unit as described above will be an efficacious, nontoxic quantity preferably selected from the range of 0.1 -
• the selected dose is administered preferably to a human patient in need of steroid 5- ⁇ -reductase inhibition preferably from 1-6 times daily orally, or parenterally.
• Preferred forms of parenteral administration include; topically, rectally, transdermally, by injection and continuously by infusion.
• Oral dosage units for human administration preferably contain from 1 to 500 mg of active compound.
• Parenteral administration which uses lower dosages is preferred. Parenteral administration, at high dosages, however, also can be used when safe and convenient for the patient.
• 5- ⁇ -reductase activity in mammals comprises administering to a subject in need of such inhibition an effective steroid 5- ⁇ -reductase inhibiting amount of a pharmaceutically active compound of the present invention.
• the compounds of the present invention can be co-administered with further active ingredients.
• further active ingredients such as other compounds known to treat the disease states of acne vulgaris, seborrhea, female hirsutism, male pattern baldness, benign prostate hypertrophy or human prostatic adenocarcinoma.
• Particularly preferred is a combination of a 5- ⁇ -reductase inhibitor, as disclosed herein, and minoxidil for use in the treatment of male pattern baldness.
• Analytical HPLC analyses of samples were determined on an IBM LC/9533 ternary gradient liquid chromatograph equipped with an IBM LC/9523 variable wavelength detector coupled to an IBM LC/9000 computer system which serves as a recorder/integrator.
• the preparative chromatographic system consisted of a Varex Preparative Scale LC (PSLC-100) fitted with a LCD/Milton Roy SpectroMonitor 111 variable wavelength detector and a Health Strip Chart recorder Model SR 255-B.
• the preparative mobile phase employed (A) consisted of: 40% water, 30% acetonitrile, 25% methanol and 0.1% TFA; flow at 40 mL/min; detection at 270 nm.
• the straw coloured solution was cooled to room temperature and transferred into a beaker containing approximately 750 mL of deionized water; the water was stirred as the reaction mixture was added. After complete mixing, the solution was acidified to pH ⁇ 2.0 with dilute (6N) hydrochloric acid. At this point the compounds precipitated from the aqueous system, and were extracted with methylene chloride (3 x 100 mL) .
• reaction product was added - 150 mL of the preparative scale mobile phase (A) .
• Five mL aliquots (about 30) of the solution were applied to the preparative column and elution of the components was achieved with the preparative mobile phase (A) at a flow of 40 mL/min and the eluate monitored with UV at 270 nm.
• Five main fractions were collected and each analyzed by the analytical method.
• Fraction 3 All of the fractions designated Fraction 3, were combined and concentrated to approximately 500 mL; as the volume of the solution was reduced, a solid material precipitated. The solid was isolated by filtering, washing the residue with a methanol/water mixture (50:50) and drying in a vacuum oven at room temperature for 18 hrs. Yield ⁇ 850 mg of product; purity, 95% (HPLC) by area normalization.
• a methanolic solution of said product was diluted to approximately 50 mL, and water added until the solution was cloudy ( ⁇ 25 mL) .
• the cloudy solution was allowed to sit at room temperature overnight during which time the sample crystallized. This mixture was filtered and the residue washed with water and dried in a vacuum oven at 60°C for 16 hrs. Yield ⁇ 520 mg of the major reaction product; purity, 98% (HPLC) area normalization; m.pt. 240-242°C.
• the assignment of the ⁇ -epimer configuration was based on observation of a strong Nuclear Overhauser effect (NOe) at the 17-methine proton on irradiation of the 18- methyl signal (the NMR signals of both the 17-methine proton and the 18-methyl group having previously been unambiguously identified from analysis of homonuclear and 13 C/ 1 H 2-D correlation data) .
• NOe Nuclear Overhauser effect
• the key observation is a strong enhancement elicited at H17 on irradiation of CH3- 18.
• the maximum ⁇ epimer concentration occurred at about 72 hours of reaction time.
• Example 2 Isolation of the major reaction product (i.e. 17 ⁇ -(N- t-butylcarboxamide)-androst-3,5-diene-3-carboxylic acid) is performed as in Example 1 procedure (i) .
• Example 2 Isolation of the major reaction product (i.e. 17 ⁇ -(N- t-butylcarboxamide)-androst-3,5-diene-3-carboxylic acid) is performed as in Example 1 procedure (i) .
• Example 2 Isolation of the major reaction product (i.e. 17 ⁇ -(N- t-butylcarboxamide)-androst-3,5-diene-3-carboxylic acid) is performed as in Example 1 procedure (i) .
• Example 2 Isolation of the major reaction product (i.e. 17 ⁇ -(N- t-butylcarboxamide)-androst-3,5-diene-3-carboxylic acid) is performed as in Example 1 procedure (i) .
• Example 2
• Analytical HPLC analyses of samples were determined on an IBM LC/9533 ternary gradient liquid chromatograph equipped with an IBM LC/9523 variable wavelength detector coupled to an IBM LC/9000 computer system which serves as a recorder/integrator.
• the preparative chromatographic system consisted of a Varex Preparative Scale LC (PSLC-100) fitted with a LDC/Milton Roy SpectroMonitor 111 variable wavelength detector and a Health Strip Chart recorder Model SR 255-B.
• reaction product (I) 100 mL of the straw coloured solution was cooled to room temperature and transferred into a beaker containing approximately 750 mL of deionized water; the water was stirred as the reaction mixture was added. After this point the compounds precipitated from the aqueous system, and were extracted with methylene chloride (3 x 100 mL) . The combined organic extracts was washed with water (2 x 100 mL) dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then evaporated to dryness. Acetonitrile was added to the residue and the compounds crystallized. The mixture was filtered, the residue washed with cold acetonitrile and dried in a vacuum oven at 60°C for 16 hrs. Yield ⁇ 6.0 g of reaction product (I) .
• reaction product (I) was added - 160 mL of the preparative scale mobile phase.
• Four mL aliquots (about 40) of the solution were applied to the preparative column and elution of the components was achieved with the preparative mobile phase 52% water, 35% acetonitrile, 14% methanol and 0.1% TFA, flow at 42 mL/min; detection at 254 nm.
• fractions 1 contained mainly the major reaction product (b) fraction 2 was essentially a mixture of the major reaction product and unreacted and (c) unreacted which was the major component in fraction 3.
• Fraction 1 All of the fractions designated Fraction 1, were combined and concentrated to approximately 1000 mL. The volume was divided and lyophylized. A methanolic solution of the residue from each flask was diluted to approximately 50 mL, and water added until the solution was cloudy ( ⁇ 25 mL) . Each cloudy solution was allowed to sit at room temperature overnight during which time the sample crystallized. The mixtures were filtered and the residues washed with water and dried in a vacuum oven at 60°C for 16 hours
• Reaction products were isolated by preparative HPLC using a Chromegabond MC18, 10 micron 22.2 mm x 50 cm column and a mobile phase which comprise 40% water, 30% acetonitrile, 25% methanol and 0.1% TFA; detection was at 270 nm.
• the chromatographic system consisted of a Varex Preparative Scale LC Model PSLC 100 (MCI8, 10 micron 22.2 mm x 50 cm column) with a LCD/Milton Roy Spectro Monitor
• fraction 1 was essentially the alpha epimer of 17 ⁇ - (N,t-butylcarboxamide)-androst-3, 5-diene-3-carboxylic acid
• fraction 2 was a mixture of alpha and beta epimers of 17 ⁇ - (N,t-butylcarboxamide)-androst-3,5-diene-3-carboxylic acid
• fraction 3 was essentially 17 ⁇ -(N,t- butylcarboxamide)-androst-3; 5-diene-3-carboxylic acid.
• fraction 1 All fractions designated fraction 1 were combined into a 4000 mL flask and the volume of the solution reduced, a solid material precipitated. The solid was isolated by filtering, washing the residue with a methanol/water mixture 50:50 and drying in a vacuum oven at room temperature for 20 hours yield -600 mg purity: 98.32% (HPLC) .
• Reaction products were isolated by preparative HPLC using a Detector, An Autosampler (Hewlett-Packard HP 1050 Series) plus a Pump (Beckman 126 System Gold) and a mobile phase which comprise 55% water, 45% acetonitrile, and 0.1% TFA; detection was at 254 nm.
• the chromatographic system consisted of a Varex Prep Scale LC Model PSLC 100 (MC18, 10 micron 22.2 mm x 50 cm column) with a LCD/Milton Roy Spectro Monitor 111 variable wavelength detector and a Heat Strip Chart recorder Model SR 255-B.
• fraction 1 was essentially the alpha epimer of 17 ⁇ - (N-t-butylcarboxamide) -estra-1,3,5 (10) -triene-3- carboxylic acid
• fraction 2 was a mixture of the alpha and the beta epimers of 17 ⁇ - (N-t-butylcarboxamide) -estra- 1,3,5 (10) -triene-3-carboxylic acid
• fraction 3 was essentially 17 ⁇ - (N-t-butylcarboxamide) -estra-1, 3,5 (10) - triene-3-carboxylic acid.
• fraction 1 All fractions designated fraction 1 were combined into a 2000 mL flask and the volume of the solution reduced causing a solid material to precipitate.
• the solid was isolated by filtering, washing the residue with a methanol/water mixture 50:50 and drying in the vacuum oven at room temperature for 20 hours; yield -500 mg of the ⁇ epimer.
• Example 5 An oral dosage form for administering the ⁇ epimer of substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl steroidal 5 ⁇ -reductase inhibiting compounds is produced by screening, mixing, and filling into hard gelatin capsules the ingredients in the proportions shown in Table 1, below.
• sucrose, calcium sulfate dihydrate and an ⁇ epimer of substituted 17 ⁇ -acyl steroidal 5 ⁇ -reductase inhibiting compound shown in Table II below are mixed and granulated in the proportions shown with a 10% gelatin solution.
• the wet granules are screened, dried, mixed with the starch, talc and stearic acid, screened and compressed into a tablet.
• 3,5-diene-3-carboxylic acid calcium sulfate dihydrate 150 mg sucrose 20 mg starch 10 mg talc 5 mg stearic acid 3 mg
• Example 7 17 ⁇ -(N-t-butylcarboxamide)-estra-1,3,5(10)-triene- 3-carboxylic acid, 75 mg, is dispersed in 25 ml of normal saline to prepare an injectable preparation.

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• 1992
  • 1992-11-18 GB GB929224148A patent/GB9224148D0/en active Pending
• 1993
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