EP0667946B1 - An arrangement in connection with an air conditioning unit for large spaces - Google Patents

An arrangement in connection with an air conditioning unit for large spaces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0667946B1
EP0667946B1 EP93924635A EP93924635A EP0667946B1 EP 0667946 B1 EP0667946 B1 EP 0667946B1 EP 93924635 A EP93924635 A EP 93924635A EP 93924635 A EP93924635 A EP 93924635A EP 0667946 B1 EP0667946 B1 EP 0667946B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
arrangement
building
casing structure
unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93924635A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0667946A1 (en
Inventor
Heikki Peltola
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Flaekt Woods Oy
Original Assignee
FLAEKT Oy
ABB Flaekt Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FLAEKT Oy, ABB Flaekt Oy filed Critical FLAEKT Oy
Publication of EP0667946A1 publication Critical patent/EP0667946A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0667946B1 publication Critical patent/EP0667946B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/52—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
    • E04C2/521—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling
    • E04C2/523—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling for ventilating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
    • F24F1/0043—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by mounting arrangements
    • F24F1/0057—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by mounting arrangements mounted in or on a wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
    • F24F1/0018—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by fans
    • F24F1/0033—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by fans having two or more fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
    • F24F1/0071—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units with means for purifying supplied air
    • F24F1/0073—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units with means for purifying supplied air characterised by the mounting or arrangement of filters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an arrangement in connection with an air conditioning unit for large spaces, comprising at least one fan fitted within a casing structure, means for conveying untreated outdoor and indoor air into the casing structure, and distributor means for distributing air into the interior space of the building to be air conditioned.
  • roof-top units are installations in which fans are fitted in a unit placed on the roof of a building, wherefrom air is conveyed through ducts into the building.
  • Several units of this kind may be provided on the roof of the building.
  • air conditioning of small spaces is typically realized by means of small-sized room air-conditioning machines and jet and fan convectors which are usually designed to stand freely in the space to be air conditioned and to recycle the air within the room.
  • the air is treated in some manner, for instance cooled and/or filtered.
  • outdoor air may be taken in, but since the air intake is usually low on account of the small size and structural reasons, outdoor air must be taken in through ducts, in order that no dust, gases or other impurities from the earth level may enter into the inlet which is located too low.
  • Such machines are known for example from Finnish Patent 30 076 and Finnish application 860635, Figure 3 in the latter publication showing also conventional arrangements for outdoor ducting.
  • DE-A-1 753 831 that is concerned with an air treatment unit constructed so as to act as a substitute for a part of an outside wall of a building. Its main purpose is to extract moisture from air extracted from a room and then to return dried air back to the room preferably at a temperature slightly higher than the room air temperature.
  • This prior art teaches that the unit shall have outdoor air plates that may be opened whereby a small amount of outdoor air can be mixed with some of the air that has been dried.
  • the unit comprises an upper horizontally extending cylindrical type fan that draws air from the room into the unit through a vertically extending mesh screen.
  • the unit also comprises a lower horizontally extending cylindrical type fan there being an upwardly and rearwardly extending plate in the unit curling at its upper end around the rear of the upper cylindrical type fan, and extending at its lower end over the front of the lower cylindrical type fan.
  • the upper cylindrical type fan causes air from the room to pass through said mesh screen and to flow downwardly over said upwardly and rearwardly extending plate such that said air passes through an evaporator by means of which moisture is condensed from the air and falls into a gutter for removal. Some of the dried air is then guided back into the room in a horizontal direction via a vertically extending lower air distributor extending along the lower edge of said mesh screen. The remainder of the dried air is drawn by the lower cylindrical type fan under the lower edge of said upwardly and rearwardly extending plate and causes dried air to flow upwardly behind said upwardly and rearwardly extending plate past adjustable flaps permitting fresh air from the outside to enter via louvres mounted at the lower outer face of the unit. The resulting mixed air then flows back into the room in a horizontal direction via a flow channel positioned above said upper cylindrical type fan and via a vertically extending upper air distributor extending along the upper edge of said mesh screen.
  • a draw-back of this prior art is that since it is relatively small in height compared with the height of the room in which it is installed and since the dried air is directed in a horizontal direction into said room the whole of the air in said room cannot be effectively treated. The reason for this is that air passing horizontally into the room via said upper and lower air distributors does so in close proximity to the flow of air out of the room towards said mesh screen and thus the air returned into the room tends to mix immediately with the air being drawn towards said mesh screen. In this manner the bulk of the air in the room is not circulated through the unit.
  • a further draw-back of this prior art unit is that it is not capable of producing large air flows as is necessary if large spaces, for instance industrial halls, are to be air treated.
  • the present invention comprises an arrangement in connection with an air treatment unit for large spaces, for instance industrial halls, comprising more than one fan fitted within a casing structure, means for conveying untreated outdoor and indoor air into the casing structure, and distributor means for distributing air into the interior space of the building to be air treated;
  • the present invention as described in Claim 1 differs firstly from the state of the art DE-A-1 753 831 in that it embraces air treatment units that are sufficiently great in size as to fit in unused space between two or more load bearing vertical columns of a building to be air treated. With this distinguishing feature a single air treatment unit can be created that is sufficiently great in its vertical cross-section in the plane of the wall in which it is mounted as to be capable of carrying out air treatment for large spaces such as industrial halls.
  • the present invention differs from the state of the art DE-A-1 753 831 in that it has an air distribution surface at its lower end that is disposed in an inclined position such that at its bottom end the horizontal internal cross-sectional area of the casing structure is less than the horizontal internal cross-sectional area of casing structure at the upper end of the air distribution surface.
  • Such an arrangement and location of the air distribution surface assists in ensuring an improved handling of the air volume in a room to be air treated.
  • the advantages of the invention also include the fact that all maintenance points are located indoors. It is a further advantage that one avoids using special elements in roof structures, and the piping, electrical, control and cabling works are moved from the roof to indoors, and the number of inlets through the roof is substantially diminished from that used in the prior art solutions. Still another advantage is the fact that stresses on the roof structures are diminished from those encountered with the prior art solutions. Owing to these facts, the total economy of the arrangement of the invention will be advantageous in view of the investment, running and maintenance costs. All maintenance points are located in the lower part of the machine, thus enabling maintenance to be carried out from the floor.
  • Air distribution can be advantageously arranged, also as a combination of various methods of air distribution, and it can utilize the other components of the unit, such as the fans and filters.
  • a collecting or distributing throw pattern can be simply produced with fan impellers rotating in different directions.
  • the combination of various methods of air distribution can be achieved for example in such a manner that carrier jets are induced by a slot or nozzle, and these jets shape the throw pattern.
  • the inclined front wall of the air distributor means is advantageous when displacing air distribution is employed.
  • the filter may advantageously be integrated with the air distributor means, in which its pressure losses are utilized to equalize the speed distribution of the air flow.
  • the air distributor means can also be equipped with a 'UNO' blowing surface. The arrangement enables the use of heat having a low temperature value, e.g. waste heat of various industrial processes, for heating or cooling.
  • the operating point of the impeller is optimized for instance by altering the blade angle or the diameter of the impeller.
  • the arrangement can be sewered in an advantageous manner so that condensed water does not present any problems, as has been stated in the above.
  • the support structures for the battery and the suction box for the fan can simultaneously serve as water-collecting drains.
  • the arrangement also for drying, whereby water is evacuated from the intake air.
  • the constructions of the arrangement enable all parts of the system to be washed, since water does not present any problems.
  • water condensed on the batteries or other parts of the arrangement can be used for cleaning the batteries.
  • the overall construction is advantageous, since the piping, control equipment, electrical equipment, ductwork, air distribution, air intake and air treatment are combined in the same construction.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Reference numeral 1 denotes a load bearing vertical column of the building, reference numeral 2 a wall of the building and reference 3 the floor.
  • Reference numeral 4 in Figure 1 denotes fans, three of which are provided in this embodiment.
  • Reference numerals 5 and 6 denote registers and reference numerals 7 and 8 heating or cooling batteries.
  • Reference numeral 9 denotes generally the distributor means for distributing air into the interior space.
  • the distributor means comprise a slot nozzle 9a and an apertured plate 9b. The passage of air is shown by arrows in Figure 1.
  • air is drawn in by means of fans 4 either from outside or from inside or both into the casing structure in which said air flows are mixed.
  • the mixed air is blown further by means of distributor means 9 into the interior space.
  • the air quantities are controlled with registers 5, 6.
  • the air temperature can be raised or lowered according to need with batteries 7, 8.
  • the units in accordance with the prior art solutions are mainly intended to recycle air within the room they are installed in. It is generally not possible to take in untreated cold outdoor air; cf. page 1, paragraph 2 in Finnish Patent 30 076 and page 6, paragraph 3 in Finnish Patent Application 860635.
  • the units disclosed in these publications are not suitable for intake of cold outdoor air, since upon the encounter of cold outdoor air and warm, humid indoor air, condensed water and ice are formed. Convectors are designed to operate dry or so that water is only found on the heat exchanger surfaces of the cooling battery.
  • the arrangement is constructed as a wall-mounted unit and the distributor means 9 for distributing air into the interior space are integrated in the same unit with the other components of the system below them in the lower part of the unit.
  • wall-mounted unit denotes an arrangement mounted to the wall of a building.
  • the mounting site may be for instance the space between the load bearing columns 1 of the building, as shown in Figure 1. It is to be noted that Figure 1 shows only one column 1. Another column is in fact located on the left-hand side of Figure 1, but has not been illustrated.
  • the arrangement may even be constructed to form part of the wall of the building to be air conditioned. In that case, the arrangement can also be advantageously formed such that it is installed in place from outside the building.
  • the distributor means 9 are arranged in the same unit, i.e. in the same aggregate with the other parts of the arrangement.
  • the arrangement has, among other things, the advantage that lengthy and costly ducting, which was previously often required, is eliminated.
  • the distribution of the air which is divided on a broad wall surface directly into the occupied zone is realized as displacing air distribution by means of a simple apertured plate, which can be made inclinable as shown in Figure 1. This feature is advantageous for the air distribution and, furthermore, leaves the floor free.
  • the uniformity of the air distribution can be improved by arraying filters immediately in front of the air distribution surface, i.e. the apertured plate 9b.
  • This arraying is also advantageous in view of space consumption. If the unit is located on the floor, air can be conveyed from its lower portion also into the floor beneath, as shown by an arrow in Figure 1. Furthermore, several methods of air distribution can be incorporated in the combined construction, such as the slot nozzle 9a shown in Figure 1 wherewith air is retained in the occupied zone also when heating is employed, in which event the air would otherwise rise towards the roof.
  • the nozzle 9a can be provided with a shutting device, and thus the air distribution is as advantageous as possible also when cooling is employed.
  • FIGS 2 and 3 show another advantageous embodiment of the invention.
  • fans are indicated at reference numeral 14.
  • Registers are indicated at 15 and 16 and heating or cooling batteries at 17 and 18.
  • Distributor means for distributing air into the interior space are denoted generally by reference numeral 19.
  • the passage of air is denoted by arrows.
  • FIG. 2 and 3 corresponds in its operating principle and manner of installation to the embodiment of Figure 1, that is, the apparatus according to Figures 2 and 3 can be installed between the load bearing vertical columns of the building in the way shown in Figure 1, etc.
  • This embodiment is particularly preferred, because the air jet issuing from the unit can be expanded or reduced by making the fans 4 to rotate either in the same direction or in different directions. This can also be achieved, or the fan effect enhanced, with slot nozzles or rows of nozzles mounted on both sides or on one side of the plate 9b.
  • the apparatus and components to be serviced are encased and can be serviced while standing on the floor.
  • the batteries and possibly the electric motors can be serviced through separate service doors.
  • the installation location of the arrangement can be the space between the load bearing columns of the building, which otherwise has no concrete use.
  • the dimensions of the casing structure for the arrangement may be in the order of up to 5.4 m in breadth and 1.25 m in depth respectively, the distance between the columns being 6 m, and several metres in height.
  • the arrangement can be installed in a steel-frame building or in a concrete-frame building.
  • the arrangement can be supported to the wall, to the columns or to the root.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Cleaning Or Drying Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Air Filters, Heat-Exchange Apparatuses, And Housings Of Air-Conditioning Units (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
  • Telephone Function (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Central Air Conditioning (AREA)
EP93924635A 1992-11-10 1993-11-10 An arrangement in connection with an air conditioning unit for large spaces Expired - Lifetime EP0667946B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI925105 1992-11-10
FI925105A FI97166C (fi) 1992-11-10 1992-11-10 Sovitelma tuloilmankäsittelykoneen yhteydessä
PCT/FI1993/000471 WO1994011678A1 (en) 1992-11-10 1993-11-10 An arrangement in connection with an air conditioning unit for large spaces

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0667946A1 EP0667946A1 (en) 1995-08-23
EP0667946B1 true EP0667946B1 (en) 2000-04-26

Family

ID=8536190

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93924635A Expired - Lifetime EP0667946B1 (en) 1992-11-10 1993-11-10 An arrangement in connection with an air conditioning unit for large spaces

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0667946B1 (fi)
AT (1) ATE192227T1 (fi)
AU (1) AU5422894A (fi)
DE (1) DE69328491T2 (fi)
FI (1) FI97166C (fi)
PT (1) PT667946E (fi)
WO (1) WO1994011678A1 (fi)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000071941A1 (en) * 1999-05-20 2000-11-30 Metso Paper, Inc. Supply air system

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1280081B1 (it) * 1995-07-27 1997-12-29 Elettro Plastica Domestici Condizionatore autonomo del tipo a parete
GB2410080A (en) * 2004-01-05 2005-07-20 Alpha Project Man Ltd Free standing ventilation unit
DE102008045180A1 (de) * 2008-08-30 2010-03-04 Solarnext Ag Gebäudeintegrierter Wärmetauscher

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI30076A (fi) * 1958-12-10 Carrier Corp Luftkonditioneringsapparat
DE1753831A1 (de) * 1964-12-09 1974-07-04 Nikolaus Laing Heiz- oder kuehlgeraet
CH494378A (de) * 1968-03-14 1970-07-31 Stramax Ag Bauelement für Strahlungs-Heiz-,Kühlungs- und/oder Konditionierungs-Einrichtungen
JPS5049847A (fi) * 1973-09-05 1975-05-02
AT391933B (de) * 1986-08-14 1990-12-27 Altexa Lueftungstechnische Anl Klima- und lueftungsgeraet zum einbau in eine wand, fenster oder dergleichen
FR2651304A1 (fr) * 1989-08-22 1991-03-01 Martin Jean Procede de traitement climatique global pour batiments d'habitation.
DE4028914A1 (de) * 1990-09-12 1992-03-19 Nuedling Franz C Basaltwerk Verfahren zur herstellung eines gebaeudes aus fertigbauteilen, fertigbauteile und daraus gebildetes gebaeude

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000071941A1 (en) * 1999-05-20 2000-11-30 Metso Paper, Inc. Supply air system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0667946A1 (en) 1995-08-23
PT667946E (pt) 2000-08-31
FI925105A (fi) 1994-05-11
FI97166C (fi) 1997-12-30
FI925105A0 (fi) 1992-11-10
DE69328491T2 (de) 2000-11-09
DE69328491D1 (de) 2000-05-31
AU5422894A (en) 1994-06-08
FI97166B (fi) 1996-07-15
ATE192227T1 (de) 2000-05-15
WO1994011678A1 (en) 1994-05-26

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