EP0664433B1 - Panzerabwehrgeschoss und eine mit einem solchen Geschoss versehene Munition - Google Patents

Panzerabwehrgeschoss und eine mit einem solchen Geschoss versehene Munition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0664433B1
EP0664433B1 EP19940400119 EP94400119A EP0664433B1 EP 0664433 B1 EP0664433 B1 EP 0664433B1 EP 19940400119 EP19940400119 EP 19940400119 EP 94400119 A EP94400119 A EP 94400119A EP 0664433 B1 EP0664433 B1 EP 0664433B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
charge
bar
penetrator
munition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19940400119
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0664433A1 (de
Inventor
Michel Brule
Alain Kerdraon
Alain Darrigade
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Priority to EP19940400119 priority Critical patent/EP0664433B1/de
Priority to DE1994605376 priority patent/DE69405376T2/de
Priority to EP96402459A priority patent/EP0759533B1/de
Publication of EP0664433A1 publication Critical patent/EP0664433A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0664433B1 publication Critical patent/EP0664433B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/0823—Primers or igniters for the initiation or the propellant charge in a cartridged ammunition
    • F42C19/0834—Arrangements of a multiplicity of primers or detonators dispersed within a propellant charge for increased efficiency
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
    • F42B12/16—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge in combination with an additional projectile or charge, acting successively on the target

Definitions

  • the field of the present invention is that of perforation projectiles, in particular anti-tank or anti bunkers projectiles.
  • Such projectiles can be fired from a tank cannon or from light recoilless weaponry.
  • a rod preferably of heavy material such as tungsten
  • a shaped charge comprising a coating which is transformed into a jet by the detonation of an explosive.
  • Patent US4463678 for example describes a hybrid projectile comprising at its front part a tungsten alloy bar and at its rear part a hollow charge.
  • Such a projectile is difficult to manufacture since it requires the production of a cavity of large dimensions inside the bar.
  • Patent DE3229220 (basis for the preamble of claim 1) describes a projectile comprising at its front part a hollow charge and at its rear part a bar. The bar is secured to a connecting piece disposed behind the shaped charge. An increase in the effectiveness of this projectile involves an elongation of the bar, therefore an increase in the size of the projectile.
  • the patent FR971379 shows a rupture shell which carries, fixed to its warhead, an explosive charge of the hollow charge type. Again an increase in the length of the shell leads to an increase in the size of the projectile.
  • the invention aims in particular to propose a projectile having improved perforation performance while being easy to manufacture and retaining a limited bulk.
  • the invention also relates to a munition equipped with such a projectile.
  • the subject of the invention is a perforation projectile comprising a rod and a charge formed consisting of an envelope containing an explosive charge, a coating and a priming device, at least part of the rod being disposed inside the explosive charge, projectile characterized in that the charge formed is a nucleus-generating charge and in that the rod, coaxial with the envelope, crosses the coating.
  • the bar extends outside the envelope at a rear portion of the latter and carries a stabilization device.
  • the projectile may include a proximity detector disposed at the end of a warhead.
  • the invention also relates to an ammunition in which the projectile is integral with a cartridge case containing a propellant charge.
  • the invention also relates to a munition in which the projectile is integral with a propellant and in that the bar has a rear part which extends inside the propellant.
  • the propellant may comprise several nozzles regularly distributed angularly and integral with a lateral surface of the propellant, these nozzles being inclined relative to an axis of the ammunition.
  • a perforation projectile 1 comprises a rod 2 made of heavy material, for example made of Tungsten or Uranium alloy, and a shaped charge 3.
  • the charge 3 formed here is a hollow charge, it comprises in a known manner a casing 4 of light alloy (such as an aluminum alloy) inside which is placed an explosive charge 5 on which is disposed a coating 6 made of ductile material (for example copper).
  • a casing 4 of light alloy such as an aluminum alloy
  • an explosive charge 5 on which is disposed a coating 6 made of ductile material (for example copper).
  • the projectile also includes a warhead 9 made of light alloy which carries an impact switch 10 at its front end.
  • the impact contactor is connected by wires (not shown) to an annular priming device 7 which is crossed by the bar 2. This priming device will be described more precisely below.
  • the bar 2 comprises a front part 2a which is located inside the explosive charge 5.
  • the bar 2 thus extends by a length L1 inside the envelope 4.
  • the bar carries at its rear part a stabilization device 8, for example a tail.
  • this projectile is as follows. On impact on a target, the contactor 10 causes, via the annular initiation 7, the initiation of the charge formed 3 at an optimal distance given by the warhead 9.
  • the perforation of the target is increased by the action of the bar 2 made of heavy material.
  • a front part of the bar being disposed inside the explosive charge, it is thus possible to design a projectile comprising a longer bar, therefore more effective from the point of view of perforation, without modifying the total length L2 of the projectile.
  • FIG. 2 shows a projectile according to such a variant.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a projectile according to the invention.
  • the charge 3 formed here is a charge that generates a nucleus, that is to say a charge whose coating 6 is deformed by the detonation of the explosive charge 5 so as to constitute an aerodynamically stable projectile.
  • the initiation of the explosive charge is caused by a proximity detector 11 placed at the end of the warhead 9 and connected by wires (not shown) to the initiating device 7.
  • the proximity detector is for example of the passive infrared type or of the radar type.
  • the bar 2 passes through the covering 6.
  • Such an embodiment makes it possible to increase the terminal efficiency of the projectile because it allows the installation of a rod of considerable length.
  • the bar thus plays the role of a cylindrical mandrel around which the core will elongate, a tubular core is thus obtained which has great stability on trajectory.
  • FIG. 4 schematically represents a first embodiment of the initiating device 7 for the explosive charge 5.
  • This device comprises a safety and arming device 14 of known type comprising in particular an energy source (not shown) and a primer 13 with electrical initiation which is carried by a flap 15.
  • the flap is shown in this figure in the armed position, the primer is then located opposite a primer explosive tablet 12 (for example hexogen / wax).
  • a primer explosive tablet 12 for example hexogen / wax.
  • the tablet is annular, it has a cylindrical shape limited by a plane 12a inclined relative to the axis of the tablet (which coincides with the axis of the casing 4).
  • the primer is positioned substantially at the level of an external generator 27 of the tablet 12.
  • the generator 27 is the shortest generator of this tablet taking into account the inclined plane 12a.
  • the tablet 12 is separated from the explosive charge by a free space 17 and a plate 16.
  • the plate is substantially parallel to the inclined plane 12a, it is made of a material of the copper or stainless steel type.
  • the free space 17 is delimited on the one hand by the plate 16 and on the other hand by a flat surface 5a of the explosive charge 5, surface perpendicular to the axis of the explosive charge.
  • the free space 17 will preferably be lined with a block of compressible foam in order to ensure rigidity of the assembly while allowing projection of the plate 16 on the explosive charge during the initiation of the initiating explosive 12.
  • foam One type of foam that can be used is described by patent FR9003998.
  • a disc 18 is placed between the tablet 12 and the plate 16. It is made of flexible material, for example rubber, and comes into contact with the bar 2 on the one hand and the casing 4 on the other hand.
  • the function of the disc 18 is to provide a seal between the tablet and the explosive charge by preventing the passage of gases resulting from the initiation of the tablet towards the explosive charge 5.
  • the priming device is assembled by stacking the various components.
  • the foam block, the plate 16, the disc 18 and the tablet 12 are joined together by bonding.
  • a compact assembly is thus obtained which is easily placed in the envelope 4.
  • This assembly is then immobilized axially. by the security and arming device 14 which is itself made integral with the casing 4, for example by threading.
  • the operation of the priming device 7 is as follows.
  • the primer After arming the security and arming device 14, the primer adopts the position shown in FIG. 4.
  • the proximity detector 11 (or the impact switch 10) causes the initiation of the primer 13.
  • the latter detonates the initiation composition 12.
  • the detonation wavefront progresses in the tablet 12 with a substantially spherical shape centered on the primer 13.
  • This wavefront will cause the projection of the plate 16 on the flat face 5a of the explosive charge 5 and the initiation of the latter.
  • the inclination of the plate with respect to the axis of the tablet 12 is chosen so that the whole of the plate 16 comes to impact on the surface 5a at the same time.
  • the explosive charge 5 is therefore initiated with a substantially planar detonation wave.
  • primers regularly distributed angularly around the bar 2. These primers will all be initiated at the same time by means of an appropriate electronic system and they will generate in the tablet 12 a substantially planar wave.
  • the tablet 12 will then not have an inclined face 12a and may come directly into contact with the flat face 5a of the explosive charge 5.
  • FIG. 5 diagrammatically represents a second embodiment of the device for initiating the explosive charge 5.
  • This device comprises a safety and arming device 14 of known type comprising in particular an energy source (not shown) and a primer 13 with electrical initiation which is carried by a flap 15.
  • the flap is shown in this figure in the armed position, the primer is then located opposite a first priming relay 30.
  • This first relay is connected by means of detonating cords 31 to four secondary ignition relays 32 disposed in a support plate 33.
  • the four secondary relays are regularly distributed angularly around the bar as can be seen in FIG. 5a.
  • the support plate is in contact with an annular tablet of initiating explosive 12 (for example hexogen / wax), itself compressed in contact with the explosive charge 5.
  • initiating explosive 12 for example hexogen / wax
  • the four detonating cords 31 are substantially the same length in order to ensure simultaneous initiation of the four secondary relays 32 by the primary relay 30.
  • the cords 31 will be embedded in a resin 34 which will fill the entire space separating the security and arming device 14 from the support plate 33.
  • the priming device is assembled by stacking the various components.
  • the operation of the priming device 7 is as follows.
  • the primer After arming the security and arming device 14, the primer adopts the position shown in FIG. 5.
  • the proximity detector 11 (or the impact switch 10) causes the initiation of the 'primer 13.
  • the latter detonates the primary relay 30 which simultaneously initiates the four secondary relays 32.
  • the latter initiate the initiating composition 12 which in turn will initiate the explosive charge 5 with a substantially planar detonation wavefront.
  • FIG. 6 schematically represents an ammunition cartridge, for example a large caliber ammunition for tank, ammunition comprising a projectile according to the invention.
  • the ammunition comprises in known manner a socket 19 (for example a combustible socket) which carries at its rear part a metal base 21 on which is fixed an igniter tube 22.
  • a socket 19 for example a combustible socket
  • carries at its rear part a metal base 21 on which is fixed an igniter tube 22.
  • the socket contains a propellant charge 20, for example made up of grains of powder based on nitrocellulose.
  • a propellant charge 20 for example made up of grains of powder based on nitrocellulose.
  • the ammunition 1 according to the invention is made integral with the socket for example by means of a connecting ring of the type described in patent FR8712484.
  • the rear part of the bar 2 which carries the tail unit 8 penetrates deeply into the propellant charge.
  • FIG. 7 schematically represents an ammunition of the rocket type comprising a projectile according to the invention.
  • the projectile 1 is made integral with a propellant 23 which comprises a case 24 (for example made of composite material) inside which a block of propellant 25 is disposed.
  • the case carries at its rear part a nozzle 26 disposed along the axis of the munition.
  • An ignition device not shown, ensures ignition of the propellant block in known manner when the rocket is fired.
  • the bar 2 does not have a tail since the projectile 1 and propellant 23 assembly remains integral throughout the trajectory of the ammunition.
  • the propellant block comprises a housing inside which comes a rear part 2b of the bar 2. The latter thus extends inside the propellant over a length D1.
  • the bar can thus extend substantially up to the nozzle 26.
  • the invention thus authorizes the design of extremely compact ammunition and comprising very long kinetic bars.
  • This rocket-type ammunition can be fired from a recoilless launcher or from an aircraft.
  • FIG. 8 shows a second variant of rocket comprising a projectile according to the invention.
  • the nozzle 26 is replaced here by four nozzles 26a, 26b, 26c and 26d which are arranged on the cylindrical lateral surface of the case 24 and form an angle with the axis 28 of the ammunition.
  • the advantage of such a configuration is that it authorizes the installation of a longer bar which can extend to the bottom 29 of the case 24 and possibly which can cross this bottom and carry a tail.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Durchschlaggeschoß (1) mit einem Stab (2) und einer geformten Ladung (3), bestehend aus einem Mantel (4), der eine Sprengladung (5) enthält, einer Beschichtung (6) und einer Zündvorrichtung (7), wobei mindestens ein Teil (2a) des Stabs im Inneren der Sprengladung (5) untergebracht ist, wobei das Geschoß dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die geformte Ladung (3) eine kernbildende Ladung ist, und daß der Stab (2), der koaxial zum Mantel (4) liegt, die Beschichtung (6) durchquert.
  2. Geschoß gemäß dem Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß sich der Stab (2) außerhalb des Mantels (4) auf der Ebene eines hinteren Teils des Mantels erstreckt und eine Stabilisierungsvorrichtung (8) trägt.
  3. Geschoß gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß es einen Näherungsfühler (11) am Ende einer Geschoßspitze (9) trägt.
  4. Munition mit einem Geschoß gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß das Geschoß (1) fest mit einer Hülse (9) verbunden ist, die eine Treibladung (20) enthält.
  5. Munition mit einem Geschoß gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß das Geschoß (1) fest mit einem Triebwerk (23) verbunden ist, und dadurch, daß der Stab (2) einen hinteren Teil (2b) enthält, der sich im Inneren des Triebwerks (23) erstreckt.
  6. Geschoß gemäß dem Anspruch 5, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß das Triebwerk mehrere Düsen (26a, 26b, 26c und 26d) regelmäßig winkelig verteilt aufweist, die mit einer Seitenfläche des Triebwerks (23) fest verbunden und in bezug auf eine Achse (28) der Munition geneigt sind.
EP19940400119 1994-01-20 1994-01-20 Panzerabwehrgeschoss und eine mit einem solchen Geschoss versehene Munition Expired - Lifetime EP0664433B1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19940400119 EP0664433B1 (de) 1994-01-20 1994-01-20 Panzerabwehrgeschoss und eine mit einem solchen Geschoss versehene Munition
DE1994605376 DE69405376T2 (de) 1994-01-20 1994-01-20 Panzerabwehrgeschoss und eine mit einem solchen Geschoss versehene Munition
EP96402459A EP0759533B1 (de) 1994-01-20 1994-01-20 Panzerbrechendes Geschoss und mit einem solchen Geschoss versehene Munition

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19940400119 EP0664433B1 (de) 1994-01-20 1994-01-20 Panzerabwehrgeschoss und eine mit einem solchen Geschoss versehene Munition

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96402459A Division EP0759533B1 (de) 1994-01-20 1994-01-20 Panzerbrechendes Geschoss und mit einem solchen Geschoss versehene Munition
EP96402459.0 Division-Into 1996-11-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0664433A1 EP0664433A1 (de) 1995-07-26
EP0664433B1 true EP0664433B1 (de) 1997-09-03

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EP96402459A Expired - Lifetime EP0759533B1 (de) 1994-01-20 1994-01-20 Panzerbrechendes Geschoss und mit einem solchen Geschoss versehene Munition
EP19940400119 Expired - Lifetime EP0664433B1 (de) 1994-01-20 1994-01-20 Panzerabwehrgeschoss und eine mit einem solchen Geschoss versehene Munition

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96402459A Expired - Lifetime EP0759533B1 (de) 1994-01-20 1994-01-20 Panzerbrechendes Geschoss und mit einem solchen Geschoss versehene Munition

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EP (2) EP0759533B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69405376T2 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29710228U1 (de) * 1997-06-13 1998-10-15 Diehl Stiftung & Co., 90478 Nürnberg Geschoß für Rohrwaffen
DE10213466A1 (de) * 2002-03-26 2003-10-09 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh Geschoßkörper

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR971379A (fr) * 1940-04-24 1951-01-16 Obus de rupture perfectionné
FR1002092A (fr) * 1946-07-25 1952-03-03 Soc Tech De Rech Ind Perfectionnements aux projectiles perforants
NL294689A (de) * 1963-06-27
US3302570A (en) * 1965-07-23 1967-02-07 Walter G Finch Armor piercing, fragmenting and incendiary projectile
US3935817A (en) * 1971-07-28 1976-02-03 General Dynamics Corporation Penetrating spear
US4463678A (en) 1980-04-01 1984-08-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Hybrid shaped-charge/kinetic/energy penetrator
DE3229220C1 (de) * 1982-08-05 1992-01-09 Diehl Gmbh & Co Unterkalibriges Treibspiegelgeschoss
US4573412A (en) * 1984-04-27 1986-03-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Plug nozzle kinetic energy penetrator rocket
US4841864A (en) 1988-02-09 1989-06-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Controlled explosively formed penetrator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69405376D1 (de) 1997-10-09
EP0759533A2 (de) 1997-02-26
EP0759533A3 (de) 1997-03-26
EP0759533B1 (de) 1999-04-07
EP0664433A1 (de) 1995-07-26
DE69405376T2 (de) 1998-02-05

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