EP1302741B1 - Sprenggeschoss - Google Patents

Sprenggeschoss Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1302741B1
EP1302741B1 EP02292384A EP02292384A EP1302741B1 EP 1302741 B1 EP1302741 B1 EP 1302741B1 EP 02292384 A EP02292384 A EP 02292384A EP 02292384 A EP02292384 A EP 02292384A EP 1302741 B1 EP1302741 B1 EP 1302741B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
explosive
shell
ammunition
sector
vicinity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02292384A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1302741A1 (de
Inventor
Michel Vives
Jean-Paul Duparc
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Publication of EP1302741A1 publication Critical patent/EP1302741A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1302741B1 publication Critical patent/EP1302741B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • F42B12/32—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction the hull or case comprising a plurality of discrete bodies, e.g. steel balls, embedded therein or disposed around the explosive charge

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of explosive ordnance.
  • These ammunition include an explosive charge disposed in an envelope surrounding an axis of the ammunition.
  • a so-called loaded charge munition which comprises a deformable coating by the shock wave of the explosive.
  • Such a munition provides, depending on the geometry of the coating, a hollow charge jet or a forged core.
  • ammunition generating shards include a pre-fragmented envelope that projects a sheaf of shards during the initiation.
  • the spatial distribution of the sheaf is generally 360 ° around the axis of the ammunition.
  • a focus of the splinters is not sufficient to avoid such collateral effect since the envelope of the ammunition is pre-fragmented over 360 ° and thus projects the fragments in all the space surrounding the envelope.
  • the munition according to the invention makes it possible to control in a more efficient manner the distribution of the chips towards the threat to be destroyed. It thus avoids the effects collateral that could damage the vehicle to be protected or injure the troops that accompany it.
  • the invention also proposes a modular operation munition whose end effect can be programmed before firing or on trajectory according to the characteristics of the threat.
  • the munition according to the invention also makes it possible to optimize the mass of explosive carried away. This results in a lighter ammunition whose end efficiency is equivalent to that of known ammunition.
  • the subject of the invention is an explosive munition comprising an explosive charge disposed in an envelope surrounding an axis of the munition and at least a first initiator for this charge, the envelope comprising at least two sectors, a first sector comprising means ensuring the formation of chips when a first initiator which is disposed in the vicinity of a second sector is initiated, the second sector being devoid of means ensuring the formation of fragments, ammunition characterized in that the envelope comprises a case formed of at least two contiguous shells and in contact with the explosive charge, the first sector being constituted by a first of the two shells which is made of a first material intended to generate splinters, the second sector being constituted by a second of the two shells which is made of a second material of a different nature from that of the first material.
  • the first sector may preferably cover an angle less than or equal to 180 ° around an axis of the ammunition.
  • the first material may have a density greater than or equal to 7 while the second material will have a density less than or equal to 3.
  • the first material may thus be made of steel or tungsten and the second material may be chosen from the following materials: plastic material, composite materials, aluminum.
  • the initiation means may comprise at least one second initiator.
  • the second initiator may be disposed in the vicinity of the first shell, the initiation of this second initiator ensuring the explosion of the loading with a blast effect.
  • the munition may comprise a concave coating disposed at a first end of the envelope and applied to the explosive charge, the second initiator being disposed in the vicinity of a second end of the envelope.
  • the munition may comprise at least three initiators, one disposed in the vicinity of the first shell, another disposed in the vicinity of the second shell and another disposed adjacent an end of the shell.
  • the initiators will be connected to a control means allowing the choice of one or the other of the initiators.
  • the explosive charge may be delimited by two planes and the first shell, the space between the second shell and the two planes being then occupied by a wedging and / or a safety device and arming.
  • an explosive ordnance 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention comprises an explosive charge 2 disposed in a casing 3 surrounding an axis 4 of the munition.
  • the envelope 3 is globally cylindrical with axis 4.
  • the munition 1 shown here also comprises a propellant 5 which is not shown in detail and which comprises in a conventional manner a propellant charge 6 in the form of a block disposed in a chamber extended by a nozzle (not shown).
  • This thruster is not the subject of the present invention and it is possible to define an ammunition according to the invention devoid of propellant.
  • the ammunition is finally equipped with a tail (not shown) to ensure its stabilization in roll.
  • the ammunition comprises at least a first initiator 7 which makes it possible to detonate the explosive charge 2.
  • This first initiator 7 is disposed at a generatrix of the envelope 3. In a conventional manner it is connected to a security device and arming (not shown) that can be secured to the shell of the ammunition.
  • the first initiator 7 is disposed in the vicinity of the second sector 3b of the envelope.
  • the detonation wave initiated by the initiator 7 will progress in the explosive charge 2 in a substantially radial direction towards the first sector 3a, thus ensuring an optimal speed for the projection of the chips.
  • the envelope 3 comprises a holster formed of two shells 8a and 8b which are contiguous and which surround the explosive charge 2.
  • the two shells 8a and 8b are hemi cylindrical .
  • Each sector 3a, 3b therefore covers an angle of 180 ° around the axis 4 of the munition.
  • the two shells 8a and 8b are arranged in a tube 9 which will be made of a light material, for example aluminum, plastic or composite.
  • the first sector 3a is constituted by the first shell 8a.
  • This first shell is made of a first material for generating splinters.
  • this first shell 8a can be made of steel or of dense material (for example tungsten).
  • the first material may be weakened to ensure preforming of the chips.
  • the embrittlement may conventionally be obtained by mechanically realizing grooves forming a network having for mesh the desired size for the chips. It will also be possible to achieve embrittlement by electron bombardment or localized heat treatment along such a network.
  • inserts metal or plastic grid placed between the first shell and the tube 9 or embedded in the material of the tube 9.
  • the second sector 3b is constituted by the second shell 8b which is made of a second material which is different in nature from that of the first material.
  • a material that does not generate or has a small amount of chips during the initiation of the charge will be chosen. It will suffice to adopt a low density material (less than or equal to 3000 kg / m3) which will ensure the mechanical strength of the assembly but which will generate during operation that flakes low vulnerability.
  • the second shell 8b of a plastics material, for example a polyamide.
  • the second shell could also be made of a composite material, such as a filament winding or aluminum.
  • a radial pin 10 ensures the axial and angular positioning of the two half-shells with respect to the tube 9.
  • the first initiator 7 is constituted by a tablet of a detonating composition, housed in a hole arranged in the explosive charge 2.
  • This tablet is itself initiated by a detonator 11 which is connected by a wire 12 to a firing control device (not shown) integral with the launching system (not shown) or secured to the munition itself.
  • the detonator is applied in contact with the initiator tablet 7 through a radial orifice 13 provided in the second shell 8b.
  • a closure cap 19 is screwed or glued to the tube 9 and it ensures the axial connection of the explosive charge and the shells 8a and 8b with respect to the tube 9.
  • the assembly formed by the initiator 11, the explosive charge 2 and the first shell 8a is a charge generating chips.
  • An explosive block is produced, for example hexogen or octogen, inside which is arranged a radial hole intended to receive the initiation means.
  • the initiation means 7 are placed inside this hole and the explosive is placed inside the two shells 8a and 8b, making sure that the initiator 7 is opposite the hole 13 of the shell. 8b.
  • the shells 8a, 8b equipped with the explosive charge are slid inside the tube 9, making sure to correctly orient the load angularly.
  • the pin 10 is then placed and glued in the tube to ensure the axial connection of the load, the shells and the tube.
  • the detonator 11 equipped with its wire 12 is placed in the tube 9 and facing the initiator 7.
  • the munition thus described operates as follows.
  • the initiator 7 is triggered on the trajectory of the munition by a control command transmitted by the wire 12.
  • the explosive charge 2 is then put into detonation.
  • the detonation wave progresses substantially radially from the second shell 8b to the first shell 8a. This one breaks up in the form of fragments that are projected at a speed of the order of 1800 m / s.
  • the second shell is made of a lightweight material that does not generate splinters or little vulvar chips is ensured to obtain an effective sheaf according to a well defined sector which is delimited at most by the directions d1 and d2 visible in the figure 2.
  • the munition will advantageously be equipped with a rocket (not shown) of radar or infrared technology and having a direction of detection parallel or close to the direction of effectiveness of the splinter charge. This direction is the bisector of the angle formed by the lines d1 and d2 ( Figure 2).
  • the rocket will be connected to initiator 7 and it will trigger the charge towards the threat it has detected.
  • FIG. 5 thus shows in section a munition 1 which differs from that of FIG. 2 in that the explosive charge 2 does not completely fill the volume delimited by the shells 8a and 8b.
  • Initiator 11 will be disposed at the top of the corner.
  • the plans 21a and 21b may be applied to a sheet metal cowling secured to the second shell 8b.
  • filler blocks 20a, 20b made for example of synthetic foam.
  • Such a variant makes it possible to lighten the ammunition without impairing its effectiveness. It also reduces the rear effects, the wedging 20a, 20b ensuring damping of the shock wave received by the second shell 8b.
  • the volume occupied by the wedging may also be used to house a safety and arming device.
  • FIG. 6 thus shows in section an ammunition in which the angle covered by the first sector 3a is 120 °.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show a munition according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • This ammunition differs from that shown in Figures 1 and 2 in that it also comprises a concave coating 14 which is applied to the explosive charge 2.
  • This coating is disposed at a first end (or front end) of the envelope 3. It has a symmetry of revolution around the axis 4 of the ammunition.
  • the periphery of the coating is housed in a groove which is arranged inside the shells 8a and 8b which thus ensure the axial joining of the coating.
  • a stop ring 18 is fixed by screw to the tube 9. It ensures the axial immobilization of the shells and the load with respect to the tube 9.
  • a second initiator 15 made in the form of a tablet of a detonating composition is disposed in the vicinity of a second end of the envelope. It is housed in an axial hole arranged in the explosive charge 2.
  • This tablet 15 is itself initiated by a detonator 16 which is connected by a wire 17 to the firing device.
  • the son 12 and 17 may be grouped in the form of a strand of four son. It is also possible to use detonators 11 and 16, each equipped with a logic circuit incorporating a memory containing an address making it possible to recognize one or the other of the detonators via a communication protocol (conventional communication technique by "BUS").
  • a communication protocol conventional communication technique by "BUS"
  • the wire 17 is housed in a groove formed in the wall of the tube 9 and in a groove 24 formed in the bottom 25 of the tube 9.
  • the assembly formed by the second initiator 15, the explosive charge 2 and the coating 14 constitutes a core generating charge.
  • the triggering of the initiator 15 causes a shock wave that progresses substantially axially in the explosive charge 2. This shock wave leads to the formation of a self-wrought core by reversal of the coating 14.
  • the core is projected at a speed of the order of 2000 m / s along axis 4.
  • This ammunition therefore has two different modes of operation.
  • the munition If the first initiator 7 is triggered, the munition generates a sheaf of fragments with reduced rear and collateral effects thanks to the presence of the second shell 8b and the bottom 25 of the tube 9.
  • the munition If the second initiator 16 is triggered, the munition generates an axial core through the coating 14. There is also in this case a projection of splinters by the first shell 8a, but the speed of the chips is lower than for the ammunition of Figure 1 given the substantially axial orientation of the shock wave.
  • the choice of one or the other of the initiators 7 or 16 is provided by the firing control device secured to the launching system or the fuse of the ammunition.
  • the flash charge has an effectiveness against the missiles of which it destroys the envelope.
  • the nucleus generating charge has a perforating efficiency against the armored targets. It can be used to counter a direct attack on a target such as a vehicle or a missile reinforced warhead.
  • the munition will include a particular electronic rocket incorporating a receiver of control commands from the launch system.
  • the ammunition rocket may also be a programmable rocket that will receive at the launching system programming of the trigger time and the desired operating mode. This programming can be done by contact or by induction. The rocket may then also include means for detecting the threat.
  • the coating may be given different shapes to combine the formation of a core with that of shards. It will suffice for this to develop embrittlement at an annular peripheral zone of the coating, an axial zone ensuring the formation of a core.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show a munition according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • This mode differs from that according to FIG. 1 in that a second initiator 22 is arranged in the vicinity of the first shell 8a.
  • This second initiator is connected by a wire 23 to the firing control device.
  • the second initiator 22 is disposed in a radial hole made in the explosive block 2 and the wire 23 is housed in a longitudinal groove machined on the explosive block 2.
  • the wire 23 is located between the explosive 2 and the first shell 8a. Thus it is not necessary to machine the latter to ensure the mounting of the second initiator 22. There is therefore no loss of the vulnerant effectiveness of the first shell.
  • the wire 23 is also housed in a groove 24 formed in the bottom 25 of the tube 9.
  • Connectors 26a, 26b can be housed at this groove to facilitate assembly of the munition.
  • the connectors will then be connected before introducing the charge into the tube 9.
  • a blast charge mode that is obtained when the second initiator is triggered is triggered.
  • the second initiator 22 is disposed substantially at the level of the first shell 8a generating chips.
  • the shock wave that it generates propagates in the load in a substantially radial direction and towards the second shell 8b.
  • the chips generated by the first shell then have a reduced speed.
  • the second shell is not designed to generate vulvar chips.
  • the only major effect obtained with this munition is therefore a blast effect which is oriented radially toward the second shell 8b and which is partially focused by the first shell 8a.
  • This blast effect can be reinforced by using an explosive charge 2 incorporating aluminum powder.
  • the blast mode of operation is more particularly used to counter kinetic energy projectiles.
  • the flash mode is used to counter missiles or rockets.
  • Figures 9 and 10 show finally a munition according to a fourth embodiment which differs from the previous ones in that the munition comprises three initiators 7, 15 and 22.
  • This munition thus has three different modes of operation: localized flash charge, charge-focused charge, core-generation charge.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Explosiv-Munition (1), die eine Explosivladung (2), welche in einer Hülle (3) angeordnet ist, die eine Achse (4) der Munition umschließt, sowie wenigstens einen ersten Zünder für diese Ladung umfasst, wobei die Hülle (3) wenigstens zwei Sektoren (3a, 3b) umfasst, wobei ein erster Sektor (3a) Mittel aufweist, welche die Bildung von Splittern gewährleisten, wenn ein erster Zünder (7), der in der Nähe eines zweiten Sektors (3b) angeordnet ist, initiiert wird, wobei dieser zweite Sektor ohne Mittel, welche die Bildung von Splittern gewährleisten, versehen ist, wobei die Munition dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Hülle eine Hülse umfasst, die aus wenigstens zwei aneinander stoßende Schalen (8a, 8b) gebildet und mit der Explosivladung (2) in Kontakt ist, wobei der erste Sektor (3a) von einer ersten (8a) der beiden Schalen gebildet wird, die aus einem ersten Material hergestellt ist, das dafür vorgesehen ist, Splitter zu erzeugen, wobei der zweite Sektor (3b) aus einer zweiten (8b) der beiden Schalen gebildet wird, die aus einem zweiten Material hergestellt ist, das von anderer Beschaffenheit als der des ersten Materials ist.
  2. Explosiv-Munition nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Sektor (3a) einen Winkel von kleiner oder gleich 180° um eine Achse (4) der Munition bedeckt.
  3. Explosiv-Munition nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste Material eine Dichte von größer oder gleich 7 besitzt, während das zweite Material eine Dichte von kleiner oder gleich 3 besitzt.
  4. Explosiv-Munition nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste Material von Stahl oder Wolfram gebildet ist, und dass das zweite Material aus den folgenden Materialien ausgewählt ist: Kunststoff, Verbundwerkstoffe, Aluminium.
  5. Explosiv-Munition nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zur Initiierung wenigstens einen zweiten Zünder (15) umfassen.
  6. Explosiv-Munition nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Zünder (15) in der Nähe der ersten Schale (8a) angeordnet ist, wobei die Initiierung dieses zweiten Zünders die Explosion der Ladung mit einer Luftdruckwirkung gewährleistet.
  7. Explosiv-Munition nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine konkave Ummantelung (14) umfasst, die im Bereich eines ersten Endes der Hülle (3) angeordnet und an der Explosivladung (2) angesetzt ist, wobei der zweite Zünder (15) in der Nähe eines zweiten Endes der Hülle (3) angeordnet ist.
  8. Explosiv-Munition nach Ansprüche 6 und 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie wenigstens drei Zünder (7, 15, 22) umfasst, wobei einer (22) in der Nähe der ersten Schale (8a) angeordnet, ein anderer (7) in der Nähe der zweiten Schale (8b) angeordnet und ein anderer (15) in der Nähe eines Endes der Hülle (3) angeordnet ist.
  9. Munition nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zünder (7, 15, 22) mit einem Steuermittel verbunden sind, das die Auswahl des einen oder des anderen Zünders ermöglicht.
  10. Munition nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Explosivladung (2) durch zwei Ebenen (21a, 21b) und durch die erste Schale (8a) begrenzt ist, wobei der Raum, der die zweite Schale (8b) und die beiden Ebenen (21a, 21b) trennt, von einer Verkeilung (20a, 20b) und/oder einer Sicherungs- und Ladevorrichtung eingenommen wird.
EP02292384A 2001-10-12 2002-09-27 Sprenggeschoss Expired - Lifetime EP1302741B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0113232A FR2830931B1 (fr) 2001-10-12 2001-10-12 Munition explosive
FR0113232 2001-10-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1302741A1 EP1302741A1 (de) 2003-04-16
EP1302741B1 true EP1302741B1 (de) 2004-12-29

Family

ID=8868274

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02292384A Expired - Lifetime EP1302741B1 (de) 2001-10-12 2002-09-27 Sprenggeschoss

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1302741B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE286236T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60202419T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2830931B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009016147A1 (de) 2009-04-03 2010-10-07 Rheinmetall Soldier Electronics Gmbh Zerlegendes Geschoss

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007025258A1 (de) 2007-05-30 2008-12-04 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Gefechtskopf
DE102008010706A1 (de) 2008-02-22 2009-08-27 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Sprenggeschoss
DE102008010707A1 (de) 2008-02-22 2009-08-27 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Sprenggeschoss und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3731633A (en) * 1966-10-05 1973-05-08 Us Air Force Air-to-surface missile
US3646888A (en) * 1969-03-27 1972-03-07 Explosive Tech Aerodynamic directional grenade, launcher therefor and weapons system utilizing the same
GB1351036A (en) * 1971-09-23 1974-04-24 Foerenade Fabriksverken Explosive projectiles
DE3843432C2 (de) * 1988-12-23 1996-07-11 Diehl Gmbh & Co Gefechtskopf für einen nicht-ballistischen Flugkörper
DE4139372C1 (de) 1991-11-29 1995-03-02 Deutsche Aerospace Splittergefechtskopf
SE508651C2 (sv) * 1995-10-05 1998-10-26 Bofors Ab För eldrörsvapen avsedd granat

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009016147A1 (de) 2009-04-03 2010-10-07 Rheinmetall Soldier Electronics Gmbh Zerlegendes Geschoss

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60202419D1 (de) 2005-02-03
ATE286236T1 (de) 2005-01-15
DE60202419T2 (de) 2006-05-04
EP1302741A1 (de) 2003-04-16
FR2830931B1 (fr) 2004-04-02
FR2830931A1 (fr) 2003-04-18

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