EP0664430B1 - Ammunition loading device for a turret mounted gun - Google Patents

Ammunition loading device for a turret mounted gun Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0664430B1
EP0664430B1 EP19940203742 EP94203742A EP0664430B1 EP 0664430 B1 EP0664430 B1 EP 0664430B1 EP 19940203742 EP19940203742 EP 19940203742 EP 94203742 A EP94203742 A EP 94203742A EP 0664430 B1 EP0664430 B1 EP 0664430B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ammunition
loading device
driven
plate
chain
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19940203742
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0664430A3 (en
EP0664430A2 (en
Inventor
Louis Bourgine
Jean-Louis Linnot
Alain Le Gouic
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Giat Industries SA
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Giat Industries SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0664430A2 publication Critical patent/EP0664430A2/en
Publication of EP0664430A3 publication Critical patent/EP0664430A3/en
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Publication of EP0664430B1 publication Critical patent/EP0664430B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/06—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
    • F41A9/09—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines
    • F41A9/10—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging
    • F41A9/13—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a vertical plane
    • F41A9/16—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a vertical plane which is parallel to the barrel axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/38—Loading arrangements, i.e. for bringing the ammunition into the firing position
    • F41A9/39—Ramming arrangements
    • F41A9/42—Rammers separate from breech-block
    • F41A9/43—Chain rammers

Definitions

  • the technical field of the present invention is that of ammunition loading devices in the chamber of a weapon mounted in a tank turret.
  • the barrel loading is made by a servant who loads the ammunition into the weapon either manually or using a loading shovel. But when the turret is equipped with a load automatic, there is no longer a servant and the smallness of the available space makes it impossible to charge manually the weapon. In addition, at the end of the race, the ammunition must receive sufficient energy to introduce it into the gun room. It is therefore essential to be able to load the weapon in case of automatic loading failure and more generally to have a loading device usable in all circumstances.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rustic, space-saving loading device, reliable and easy to use.
  • the invention therefore relates to a device for manual loading of a cannon integrated into a turret armored vehicle, consisting of a means of receiving ammunition secured to the turret basket, a chain closed operated by manual drive means integral with the receiving means, characterized in that it includes an ammunition delivery pusher integral with a carriage in an articulated manner, mounted sliding on a slide fixed to the receiving means, to ensure a displacement of the ammunition greater than the travel path of the carriage when it is driven by the closed chain.
  • the means of reception is secured to a slide ensuring storage position from which the ammunition is taken and a loading position in line with the barrel.
  • the reception means consists of a plate and two half-shells articulated with respect to it.
  • the plate consists of a plate substantially rectangular fitted with a flange at the base of which the ammunition is in support.
  • the carriage slides on a slide fixed to the plate parallel to this one.
  • the pusher is in the form of a U-shaped part, a large branch is supported on the base of the ammunition and whose small branch cooperates with the chain to repress the ammunition.
  • the closed chain is driven in translation around two rollers each arranged at the ends of the plate and carries a lug cooperating with the pusher.
  • the chain is driven in an endless translation using a pinion actuated by a motor means which consists of a ratchet road driven in rotation and meshing on a pinion drive shaft, said wheel being driven in rotation by a drum actuated by a means constituted a cable and a handle and subjected to the action of a spring.
  • a motor means which consists of a ratchet road driven in rotation and meshing on a pinion drive shaft, said wheel being driven in rotation by a drum actuated by a means constituted a cable and a handle and subjected to the action of a spring.
  • a very first advantage of the invention lies in the the device ensures transport and transfer generally heavy ammunition in a location ergonomically inaccessible.
  • Another advantage is the possibility to print sufficient energy at the end of the ammunition to introduce it into the chamber of the weapon.
  • a removable device 7 is provided sliding on a deployable slide 8 fixed to an upright 9 integral with the turret belt 10.
  • a munition 3 is manually removed from the magazine 11 that we place on the receiving means of the device 7 as shown in Figure 1 and deploy the slide 8 along the arrow F1 .
  • the device 7 is brought as shown in FIG. 2 vertically from the barrel 1 behind the breech sleeve 5 as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the weapon is brought, by rotation around a pin 12 according to the arrow F3 at the loading site shown in FIG. 4 and the device 7 tilted around a point of articulation 13 along the arrow F4 so that the axis of the ammunition 3 is aligned with the axis of the barrel 1.
  • the device 7 partially shown in Figures 5 and 6 comprises a receiving means 20 sliding on the slide 8 consisting of a first arm 8a fixed to the upright 9 and a second arm 8b articulated relative to the first.
  • the receiving means 20 is composed of a plate 21 ( Figure 5) and two half-shells 22 ( Figure 6).
  • the plate 21 is in the general form of a substantially rectangular plate 23 approximately the same length as the ammunition 3, and provided at the base with a hollow flange 24 and a finger 25 at its upper edge.
  • a pin 26 serving as a slide for a carriage 27 is fixed parallel to the plate 23 between the flange 24 and the finger 25.
  • the carriage 27 carries a pusher 28 in the form of a U formed by a large branch 29 and of a small branch 30.
  • the large branch 29 is profiled and mounted on the carriage 27 so as to engage in the low position in a cutout 31 of the flange 24. This large branch 29 is intended to repress the ammunition 3 deposited on the flange 24 in the direction of the arrow F 5 .
  • the plate 23 also carries a chain 32 mounted around two rollers 33 and 34 and driven in translation by a pinion 35 under the action of a means of rotation 36.
  • Figure 6 shows the two half-shells 22 fixed to plate 23 by hinges 37 and joined between them by a quick stapling means 38, of the type Velcro strip. These two half-shells 22 completely envelop the ammunition to constitute a sliding surface during discharge and are open using means 38 to introduce the ammunition.
  • FIG. 9 shows in section the means drive 50 of chain 32 through the pinion 35.
  • This means 50 generally comprises a shaft 51 pinion drive 35, a ratchet wheel 52 driving the shaft 51, a drum 53 driving the wheel 52 and a launcher system 54.
  • the means 50 is fixed to the plate 23 by screws 55 via a casing 56 isolated from the shaft 51 by bearings 57.
  • the wheel 52 is fixed to the shaft 51 by a key 58 and rotates in a direction imposed by ratchets 59 fixed to the drum 53 by shafts 60.
  • the drum 53 is mounted on the casing 56 concentrically with the shaft 51 and is driven in rotation by the launcher system 54 constituted a handle 61 and a cord or cable 62 wound and fixed on this drum.
  • the drum 53 is recalled in rotation by a spring 63.
  • the handle 61 is driven the pinion 35 which ensures sequential drive of chain 32.
  • Figure 10 shows a cross section of the medium motor 50 where we see the ratchets 59 fixed by the shafts 60 on the drum 53 meshing on teeth 64 of the wheel 52 to allow the rotation of said drum in the opposite direction and rewind the cable.
  • Each ratchet 59 is held in position on a tooth by a spring 65 fixed by a rivet 66, or to the casing 56 or preferably to a ring 67.
  • the ring 67 is then fixed so rotatable relative to the drum 53 to occupy two positions in which it is held by the ball 68 subjected to the action of a spring 69 (FIG. 9).
  • the role of this ring 67 is to clear the locks 59 for them bring in the position shown in dotted lines shown diagrammatically in FIG. 10, to release the wheel 52 and allow free rotation in both directions of the axis 51 and as a result of the chain 32.
  • the chain is also related to a non-return means allowing its movement in only one direction, that of the backflow.
  • the means shown in Figure 11 consists for example of a lever 70 fixed to the plate 23 by a screw 71.
  • This lever is provided with a tip 72 which engages between two links of the chain 32 and does not allow the displacement of the latter only in the direction of delivery of the ammunition represented by the arrow F 5 by erasing the tip 72.
  • the chain can be temporarily completely released by acting on the lever 70 in the direction of the arrow F 6 .
  • Axis 51 of the drive means and the chain 32 are fully released when a false handling the lug 43 brought into a position intermediate pusher 28 and we want them return to the low position shown in Figure 7.
  • the slide 8 is in the form of a profile 80 integral with the upright 9 and supporting a path bearing 81 as shown in FIG. 12A.
  • the plate 17 of the plate is provided with four rollers 82 in taken on the raceway 81. These rollers 82 are fixed to the plate 17 on either side of the path bearing 81 so as to avoid any dislocation and allow the device 7 to slide between a initial position according to FIG. 1 and a position final according to FIGS. 2 to 4.
  • plate 17 is mounted swivel relative to slide 8 by through a portion 83 of this slide.
  • the portion 83 is fixed to the rest of the slide 8 by the longitudinal axis 13 ensuring the rotation of the portion 83 with respect to this slide.
  • the repression of the ammunition is carried out as follows.
  • the operator after removing an ammunition from the magazine 11 and placing it on the flange 24, closing the two half-shells 22 and bringing the device 7 to the position shown in FIG. 4, actuates the handle 61 which causes the rotation of the pinion 35 and consequently the drive of the chain 32 in the direction of the arrow F 5 ( Figure 7).
  • the lug 43 then drives the pusher 28 by sliding the carriage 27 on the slide 26 until it stops against the finger 25.
  • the continuous advancement of the lug 43 causes the tipping of the pusher 28 which completely introduces the ammunition into the chamber of the weapon.
  • the device described above can be applied to all types of turret-mounted weapons for the loading it, but can also be used as aid for unloading the weapon in a process reverse.
  • the device 7 is put in place as shown in Figure 4, the ammunition 3 being then engaged in the chamber of the weapon and not in this device and the pusher 28 in the low position. he it is then a question of recovering this ammunition which following a incident or stop of fire is not fired.
  • the ammunition is then brought back to his store in the reverse process described in Figures 3, 2 and 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Description

Le domaine technique de la présente invention est celui des dispositifs de chargement de munitions dans la chambre d'une arme montée dans une tourelle de char.The technical field of the present invention is that of ammunition loading devices in the chamber of a weapon mounted in a tank turret.

Dans une tourelle de char, le chargement du canon est réalisé par un servant qui charge la munition dans l'arme soit manuellement soit à l'aide d'une pelle de chargement. Mais lorsque la tourelle est équipée d'un chargement automatique, il n'existe plus de servant et l'exiguïté de l'espace disponible fait qu'il est impossible de charger manuellement l'arme. De plus, en fin de course, la munition doit recevoir une énergie suffisante pour l'introduire dans la chambre de l'arme. Il est donc indispensable de pouvoir charger l'arme en cas de panne du chargement automatique et plus généralement de disposer d'un dispositif de chargement utilisable en toute circonstance.In a tank turret, the barrel loading is made by a servant who loads the ammunition into the weapon either manually or using a loading shovel. But when the turret is equipped with a load automatic, there is no longer a servant and the smallness of the available space makes it impossible to charge manually the weapon. In addition, at the end of the race, the ammunition must receive sufficient energy to introduce it into the gun room. It is therefore essential to be able to load the weapon in case of automatic loading failure and more generally to have a loading device usable in all circumstances.

Divers systèmes de chargement ont été proposés et, à titre d'illustration, on citera les brevets EP-A-0 368 821, EP-A-0 450 373, US-A-1 310 890, qui décrivent des dispositifs difficiles à mettre en oeuvre dans un espace exigu, en outre le document DE-A-3 216 813 couvre le préambule de la revendication 1.Various loading systems have been proposed and, at By way of illustration, mention will be made of patents EP-A-0 368 821, EP-A-0 450 373, US-A-1 310 890, which describe devices that are difficult to install in a space cramped, furthermore, document DE-A-3,216,813 covers the preamble of claim 1.

Le but de la présente invention est de proposer un dispositif de chargement rustique, de faible encombrement, fiable et facile à mettre en oeuvre.The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rustic, space-saving loading device, reliable and easy to use.

L'invention a donc pour objet un dispositif de chargement manuel d'un canon intégré dans une tourelle de véhicule blindé, constitué d'un moyen de réception de munitions solidaire du panier de tourelle, d'une chaíne fermée actionnée par un moyen d'entraínement manuel solidaires du moyen de réception, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un poussoir de refoulement de la munition solidaire d'un chariot de manière articulée, monté coulissant sur une glissière fixée au moyen de réception, pour assurer un déplacement de la munition supérieur au chemin de translation du chariot lorsque celui-ci est entraíné par la chaíne fermée.The invention therefore relates to a device for manual loading of a cannon integrated into a turret armored vehicle, consisting of a means of receiving ammunition secured to the turret basket, a chain closed operated by manual drive means integral with the receiving means, characterized in that it includes an ammunition delivery pusher integral with a carriage in an articulated manner, mounted sliding on a slide fixed to the receiving means, to ensure a displacement of the ammunition greater than the travel path of the carriage when it is driven by the closed chain.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le moyen de réception est solidaire d'une glissière assurant une position de stockage d'où la munition est prélevée et une position de chargement dans le prolongement du canon.According to a characteristic of the invention, the means of reception is secured to a slide ensuring storage position from which the ammunition is taken and a loading position in line with the barrel.

Selon une autre caractéristique, le moyen de réception est constitué d'une platine et de deux demi-coquilles articulées par rapport à celle-ci.According to another characteristic, the reception means consists of a plate and two half-shells articulated with respect to it.

Selon un exemple de réalisation de l'invention, la platine est constituée d'une plaque sensiblement rectangulaire munie d'un flasque à la base duquel la munition est en appui.According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the plate consists of a plate substantially rectangular fitted with a flange at the base of which the ammunition is in support.

Selon une autre caractéristique, le chariot coulisse sur une glissière fixée à la platine de manière parallèle à celle-ci.According to another characteristic, the carriage slides on a slide fixed to the plate parallel to this one.

Selon un exemple de réalisation de l'invention, le poussoir se présente sous la forme d'une pièce en U dont une grande branche est en appui sur le culot de la munition et dont la petite branche coopère avec la chaíne pour refouler la munition.According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the pusher is in the form of a U-shaped part, a large branch is supported on the base of the ammunition and whose small branch cooperates with the chain to repress the ammunition.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la chaíne fermée est entraínée en translation autour de deux galets disposés chacun au niveau des extrémités de la platine et porte un ergot coopérant avec le poussoir.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the closed chain is driven in translation around two rollers each arranged at the ends of the plate and carries a lug cooperating with the pusher.

Selon un exemple de réalisation, la chaíne est entraínée dans une translation sans fin à l'aide d'un pignon actionné par un moyen moteur qui est constitué d'une route à rochets actionnée en rotation et engrenant sur un arbre d'entraínement du pignon, ladite roue étant entraínée en rotation par un tambour actionné par un moyen constitué d'un câble et d'une poignée et soumis à l'action d'un ressort de rappel.According to an exemplary embodiment, the chain is driven in an endless translation using a pinion actuated by a motor means which consists of a ratchet road driven in rotation and meshing on a pinion drive shaft, said wheel being driven in rotation by a drum actuated by a means constituted a cable and a handle and subjected to the action of a spring.

Un tout premier avantage de l'invention réside dans le fait que le dispositif assure le transport et le transfert des munitions généralement lourdes dans un emplacement ergonomiquement inaccessible.A very first advantage of the invention lies in the the device ensures transport and transfer generally heavy ammunition in a location ergonomically inaccessible.

Un autre avantage réside dans la possibilité d'imprimer en fin de course l'énergie suffisante à la munition pour l'introduire dans la chambre de l'arme.Another advantage is the possibility to print sufficient energy at the end of the ammunition to introduce it into the chamber of the weapon.

D'autres avantages, caractéristiques et détails de l'invention ressortiront de la description explicative qui va suivre faite en référence aux dessins annexés, donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple et dans lesquels :

  • les figures 1 à 4 représentent en coupe schématique quatre phases du chargement d'un canon,
  • la figure 5 est une vue schématique en perspective de la platine du moyen de réception,
  • la figure 6 est une vue schématique en perspective des deux demi-coquilles du moyen de réception,
  • les figures 7 et 8 illustrent le fonctionnement du poussoir de refoulement, et
  • les figures 9 et 10 sont des coupes d'un exemple de réalisation de moyen de mise en rotation,
  • la figure 11 est une représentation d'un exemple de moyen anti-retour,
  • la figure 12 représente une coupe des moyens de coulissement et de pivotement de la platine.
Other advantages, characteristics and details of the invention will emerge from the explanatory description which follows, given with reference to the appended drawings, given solely by way of example and in which:
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 show in schematic section four phases of the loading of a cannon,
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the plate of the receiving means,
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the two half-shells of the receiving means,
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate the operation of the delivery pusher, and
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 are cross-sections of an exemplary embodiment of a means for rotating,
  • FIG. 11 is a representation of an example of non-return means,
  • Figure 12 shows a section of the sliding and pivoting means of the plate.

Lorsqu'on tire des munitions avec un canon 1 prolongé par un manchon de culasse 5 intégré dans une tourelle 2 comme représenté aux figures 1 à 4, il faut amener le canon selon un site déterminé, généralement positif, déposer la munition 3 prélevée par exemple d'un magasin 11 au niveau du trou 4 du manchon de culasse 5 et la pousser dans la chambre de l'arme. Le fonctionnement de l'arme quelle que soit celle-ci impose la conservation d'un espace libre en arrière du manchon 5 pour le recul de l'arme. Il est donc généralement impossible de prévoir un quelconque dispositif entre le panier 6 de tourelle et le manchon 5.When firing ammunition with a cannon 1 extended by a cylinder head sleeve 5 integrated in a turret 2 as shown in figures 1 to 4, it is necessary bring the cannon to a specific location, usually positive, deposit the ammunition 3 taken for example from a magazine 11 at the hole 4 of the cylinder head sleeve 5 and push it into the gun chamber. The functioning of the weapon whatever it requires conservation a free space behind the sleeve 5 for recoil of the weapon. It is therefore generally impossible to predict any device between the turret basket 6 and the sleeve 5.

Pour pallier cet inconvénient, on prévoit un dispositif amovible 7 coulissant sur une glissière 8 déployable fixée sur un montant 9 solidaire de la ceinture 10 de tourelle 2. Pour utiliser le dispositif selon l'invention, on prélève manuellement une munition 3 du magasin 11 que l'on place sur le moyen de réception du dispositif 7 comme représenté à la figure 1 et on déploie la glissière 8 suivant la flèche F1. On amène le dispositif 7 comme représenté à la figure 2 à la verticale du canon 1 en arrière du manchon de culasse 5 comme illustré à la figure 3. L'arme est amenée, par rotation autour d'un tourillon 12 suivant la flèche F3 au site de chargement représenté en figure 4 et le dispositif 7 basculé autour d'un point d'articulation 13 suivant la flèche F4 pour que l'axe de la munition 3 soit aligné avec l'axe du canon 1.To overcome this drawback, a removable device 7 is provided sliding on a deployable slide 8 fixed to an upright 9 integral with the turret belt 10. To use the device according to the invention, a munition 3 is manually removed from the magazine 11 that we place on the receiving means of the device 7 as shown in Figure 1 and deploy the slide 8 along the arrow F1 . The device 7 is brought as shown in FIG. 2 vertically from the barrel 1 behind the breech sleeve 5 as illustrated in FIG. 3. The weapon is brought, by rotation around a pin 12 according to the arrow F3 at the loading site shown in FIG. 4 and the device 7 tilted around a point of articulation 13 along the arrow F4 so that the axis of the ammunition 3 is aligned with the axis of the barrel 1.

Le dispositif 7 partiellement représenté aux figures 5 et 6 comprend un moyen de réception 20 coulissant sur la glissière 8 constituée d'un premier bras 8a fixé au montant 9 et d'un second bras 8b articulé par rapport au premier. Le moyen de réception 20 est composé d'une platine 21 (figure 5) et de deux demi-coquilles 22 (figure 6). La platine 21 se présente sous la forme générale d'une plaque 23 sensiblement rectangulaire approximativement de même longueur que la munition 3, et munie à la base d'un flasque 24 évidé et d'un doigt 25 à son bord supérieur. Un axe 26 servant de glissière à un chariot 27 est fixé parallèlement à la plaque 23 entre le flasque 24 et le doigt 25. Le chariot 27 porte un poussoir 28 se présentant sous la forme d'un U formé d'une grande branche 29 et d'une petite branche 30. La grande branche 29 est profilée et montée sur le chariot 27 de manière à s'engager en position basse dans une découpe 31 du flasque 24. Cette grande branche 29 est destinée à refouler la munition 3 déposée sur le flasque 24 dans le sens de la flèche F5 . La plaque 23 porte encore une chaíne 32 montée autour de deux galets 33 et 34 et entraínée en translation par un pignon 35 sous l'action d'un moyen de mise en rotation 36.The device 7 partially shown in Figures 5 and 6 comprises a receiving means 20 sliding on the slide 8 consisting of a first arm 8a fixed to the upright 9 and a second arm 8b articulated relative to the first. The receiving means 20 is composed of a plate 21 (Figure 5) and two half-shells 22 (Figure 6). The plate 21 is in the general form of a substantially rectangular plate 23 approximately the same length as the ammunition 3, and provided at the base with a hollow flange 24 and a finger 25 at its upper edge. A pin 26 serving as a slide for a carriage 27 is fixed parallel to the plate 23 between the flange 24 and the finger 25. The carriage 27 carries a pusher 28 in the form of a U formed by a large branch 29 and of a small branch 30. The large branch 29 is profiled and mounted on the carriage 27 so as to engage in the low position in a cutout 31 of the flange 24. This large branch 29 is intended to repress the ammunition 3 deposited on the flange 24 in the direction of the arrow F 5 . The plate 23 also carries a chain 32 mounted around two rollers 33 and 34 and driven in translation by a pinion 35 under the action of a means of rotation 36.

La figure 6 montre les deux demi-coquilles 22 fixées à la plaque 23 par des charnières 37 et réunies entre elles par un moyen 38 d'agrafage rapide, du type bande autoagrippante. Ces deux demi-coquilles 22 enveloppent totalement la munition pour constituer une surface de glissement au cours du refoulement et sont ouvertes à l'aide du moyen 38 pour y introduire la munition.Figure 6 shows the two half-shells 22 fixed to plate 23 by hinges 37 and joined between them by a quick stapling means 38, of the type Velcro strip. These two half-shells 22 completely envelop the ammunition to constitute a sliding surface during discharge and are open using means 38 to introduce the ammunition.

Sur les figures 7 et 8, on a représenté le mode de coopération de la chaíne 32 et du poussoir 28. Ce dernier est articulé par rapport au chariot 27 suivant un axe 40 situé approximativement à la base de la petite branche 30. La chaíne 32, montée sur les galets 33 et 34, entraínée par le pignon 35 et éventuellement tendue par deux galets 41 et 42, porte un ergot 43 appliqué sur la face interne de la petite branche 30. Lorsque le pignon 35 entraíne la chaíne 32, l'ergot 43 entraíne le poussoir 28 par application sur la petite branche 30 depuis la position de départ de la figure 7 où la munition 3 est posée sur le flasque 24 jusqu'à la position finale de chargement où la munition est introduite dans la chambre du canon comme représenté à la figure 8. Lorsque le chariot 27 arrive en butée contre le doigt 25 l'ergot 43 de la chaíne continue à entraíner le poussoir 28 en glissant sur une partie de la surface interne de la petite branche 30 et s'échappe en extrémité. Dans cette position, le poussoir 28 est basculé pour procurer un déplacement de la munition 3 supérieur au chemin de translation du chariot 27 et il introduit alors complètement la munition dans l'arme. Le chariot 27 revient alors dans sa position initiale de la figure 7 par simple gravité et l'ergot 43 revient en position initiale en prise sur la petite branche 30 lorsque la chaíne poursuit sa rotation.In Figures 7 and 8, the mode of cooperation of chain 32 and pusher 28. This the latter is articulated with respect to the carriage 27 according to a axis 40 located approximately at the base of the small branch 30. The chain 32, mounted on the rollers 33 and 34, driven by the pinion 35 and possibly tensioned by two rollers 41 and 42, carries a lug 43 applied to the internal face of the small branch 30. When the sprocket 35 drives the chain 32, the lug 43 drives the pusher 28 by application on the small branch 30 from the starting position of figure 7 where the ammunition 3 is placed on the flange 24 until the final loading position where the ammunition is introduced into the barrel chamber as shown in the Figure 8. When the carriage 27 abuts against the finger 25 the lug 43 of the chain continues to drive the pusher 28 by sliding over part of the surface internal of the small branch 30 and escapes in end. In this position, the pusher 28 is tilted to move the ammunition 3 higher than the travel path of the carriage 27 and it then completely introduces the ammunition into the weapon. The carriage 27 then returns to its initial position of the Figure 7 by simple gravity and the pin 43 returns initial position engaged on the small branch 30 when the chain continues its rotation.

La figure 9 montre en coupe le moyen d'entraínement 50 de la chaíne 32 par l'intermédiaire du pignon 35. Ce moyen 50 comporte globalement un arbre 51 d'entraínement du pignon 35, une roue à rochets 52 entraínant l'arbre 51, un tambour 53 entraínant la roue 52 et un système lanceur 54. Le moyen 50 est fixé à la plaque 23 par des vis 55 par l'intermédiaire d'un carter 56 isolé de l'arbre 51 par des paliers 57. La roue 52 est fixée à l'arbre 51 par une clavette 58 et tourne dans un sens imposé par des rochets 59 fixés au tambour 53 par des arbres 60. Le tambour 53 est monté sur le carter 56 de manière concentrique à l'arbre 51 et est entraíné en rotation par le système lanceur 54 constitué d'une poignée 61 et d'une cordelette ou câble 62 enroulé et fixé sur ce tambour. Le tambour 53 est rappelé en rotation par un ressort 63. Ainsi, en actionnant la poignée 61 on entraíne le pignon 35 qui assure l'entraínement séquentiel de la chaíne 32.Figure 9 shows in section the means drive 50 of chain 32 through the pinion 35. This means 50 generally comprises a shaft 51 pinion drive 35, a ratchet wheel 52 driving the shaft 51, a drum 53 driving the wheel 52 and a launcher system 54. The means 50 is fixed to the plate 23 by screws 55 via a casing 56 isolated from the shaft 51 by bearings 57. The wheel 52 is fixed to the shaft 51 by a key 58 and rotates in a direction imposed by ratchets 59 fixed to the drum 53 by shafts 60. The drum 53 is mounted on the casing 56 concentrically with the shaft 51 and is driven in rotation by the launcher system 54 constituted a handle 61 and a cord or cable 62 wound and fixed on this drum. The drum 53 is recalled in rotation by a spring 63. Thus, by actuating the handle 61 is driven the pinion 35 which ensures sequential drive of chain 32.

La figure 10 montre une coupe transversale du moyen moteur 50 où on voit les rochets 59 fixés par les arbres 60 sur le tambour 53 engrenant sur des dents 64 de la roue 52 pour permettre la rotation dudit tambour dans le sens inverse et assurer le réenroulement du câble. Chaque rochet 59 est maintenu en position sur une dent par un ressort 65 fixé par un rivet 66, soit au carter 56 soit de préférence à une bague 67.Figure 10 shows a cross section of the medium motor 50 where we see the ratchets 59 fixed by the shafts 60 on the drum 53 meshing on teeth 64 of the wheel 52 to allow the rotation of said drum in the opposite direction and rewind the cable. Each ratchet 59 is held in position on a tooth by a spring 65 fixed by a rivet 66, or to the casing 56 or preferably to a ring 67.

La bague 67 est fixée alors de manière rotative par rapport au tambour 53 pour occuper deux positions dans lesquelles elle est maintenue par la bille 68 soumise à l'action d'un ressort 69 (figure 9). Le rôle de cette bague 67 est d'effacer les verrous 59 pour les amener dans la position représentée en pointillés schématisée sur la figure 10, pour libérer la roue 52 et permettre la libre rotation dans les deux sens de l'axe 51 et par suite de la chaíne 32.The ring 67 is then fixed so rotatable relative to the drum 53 to occupy two positions in which it is held by the ball 68 subjected to the action of a spring 69 (FIG. 9). The role of this ring 67 is to clear the locks 59 for them bring in the position shown in dotted lines shown diagrammatically in FIG. 10, to release the wheel 52 and allow free rotation in both directions of the axis 51 and as a result of the chain 32.

La chaíne est également en relation avec un moyen anti-retour n'autorisant son déplacement que dans un seul sens, celui du refoulement. Le moyen représenté à la figure 11 est par exemple constitué d'un levier 70 fixé sur la plaque 23 par une vis 71. Ce levier est muni d'une pointe 72 qui s'engage entre deux maillons de la chaíne 32 et n'autorise le déplacement de cette dernière que dans le sens du refoulement de la munition représenté par la flèche F5 par effacement de la pointe 72. La chaíne peut être momentanément totalement libérée en agissant sur le levier 70 dans le sens de la flèche F6.The chain is also related to a non-return means allowing its movement in only one direction, that of the backflow. The means shown in Figure 11 consists for example of a lever 70 fixed to the plate 23 by a screw 71. This lever is provided with a tip 72 which engages between two links of the chain 32 and does not allow the displacement of the latter only in the direction of delivery of the ammunition represented by the arrow F 5 by erasing the tip 72. The chain can be temporarily completely released by acting on the lever 70 in the direction of the arrow F 6 .

L'axe 51 du moyen d'entraínement et la chaíne 32 sont totalement libérés lorsqu'en cas de fausse manipulation l'ergot 43 a amené dans un position intermédiaire le poussoir 28 et que l'on souhaite les ramener en position basse représentée à la figure 7.Axis 51 of the drive means and the chain 32 are fully released when a false handling the lug 43 brought into a position intermediate pusher 28 and we want them return to the low position shown in Figure 7.

La glissière 8 se présente sous la forme d'un profilé 80 solidaire du montant 9 et supportant un chemin de roulement 81 comme représenté sur la figure 12A. La plaque 17 de la platine est munie de quatre galets 82 en prise sur le chemin de roulement 81. Ces galets 82 sont fixés à la plaque 17 de part et d'autre du chemin de roulement 81 de manière à éviter tout déboítement et permettent le coulissement du dispositif 7 entre une position initiale conforme à la figure 1 et une position finale conforme aux figures 2 à 4. D'autre part, comme représenté sur la figure 12B, la plaque 17 est montée pivotante par rapport à la glissière 8 par l'intermédiaire d'une portion 83 de cette glissière. La portion 83 est fixée au reste de la glissière 8 par l'axe longitudinal 13 assurant la rotation de la portion 83 par rapport à cette glissière.The slide 8 is in the form of a profile 80 integral with the upright 9 and supporting a path bearing 81 as shown in FIG. 12A. The plate 17 of the plate is provided with four rollers 82 in taken on the raceway 81. These rollers 82 are fixed to the plate 17 on either side of the path bearing 81 so as to avoid any dislocation and allow the device 7 to slide between a initial position according to FIG. 1 and a position final according to FIGS. 2 to 4. On the other hand, as shown in Figure 12B, plate 17 is mounted swivel relative to slide 8 by through a portion 83 of this slide. The portion 83 is fixed to the rest of the slide 8 by the longitudinal axis 13 ensuring the rotation of the portion 83 with respect to this slide.

Le refoulement de la munition est effectué de la manière suivante. L'opérateur, après avoir prélevé une munition du magasin 11 et la placer sur le flasque 24, refermer les deux demi-coquilles 22 et amener le dispositif 7 dans la position représentée à la figure 4, actionne la poignée 61 ce qui provoque la rotation du pignon 35 et conséquemment l'entraínement de la chaíne 32 dans le sens de la flèche F5 (figure 7). L'ergot 43 entraíne alors le poussoir 28 par coulissement du chariot 27 sur la glissière 26 jusqu'en butée contre le doigt 25. L'avancée continue de l'ergot 43 entraíne le basculement du poussoir 28 qui introduit complètement la munition dans la chambre de l'arme.The repression of the ammunition is carried out as follows. The operator, after removing an ammunition from the magazine 11 and placing it on the flange 24, closing the two half-shells 22 and bringing the device 7 to the position shown in FIG. 4, actuates the handle 61 which causes the rotation of the pinion 35 and consequently the drive of the chain 32 in the direction of the arrow F 5 (Figure 7). The lug 43 then drives the pusher 28 by sliding the carriage 27 on the slide 26 until it stops against the finger 25. The continuous advancement of the lug 43 causes the tipping of the pusher 28 which completely introduces the ammunition into the chamber of the weapon.

Le dispositif précédemment décrit peut être appliqué à tout type d'armes montées en tourelle pour le chargement de celle-ci, mais peut être également utilisé comme aide au déchargement de l'arme suivant un processus inverse. Dans ce cas, on met en place le dispositif 7 comme représenté sur la figure 4, la munition 3 étant alors engagée dans la chambre de l'arme et non pas dans ce dispositif et le poussoir 28 en position basse. Il s'agit alors de récupérer cette munition qui suite à un incident ou arrêt de tir n'est pas mise à feu. Pour cela, on actionne le mécanisme d'éjection propre à l'arme placée suivant un site équivalent à celui du chargement ce qui entraíne le glissement par gravité de la munition qui réintègre le dispositif 7. La munition est ensuite ramenée dans son magasin suivant le processus inverse décrit aux figures 3, 2 et 1. Dans le cas où le poussoir 28 n'est pas revenu en position basse, mais est resté dans une position intermédiaire, celui-ci constitue un obstacle au glissement complet de la munition. Pour ramener le poussoir 28 en position basse, on libère d'une part la chaíne 32 en effaçant le levier 70, et d'autre part la roue à rochet 52 en manoeuvrant la bague 67 qui efface les rochets 59 pour les amener dans la position représentée en pointillés sur la figure 10. La chaíne 32 est alors totalement libre et est entraínée sous l'action du poids du poussoir 28 agissant sur l'ergot 43 dans un sens inverse à celui du refoulement.The device described above can be applied to all types of turret-mounted weapons for the loading it, but can also be used as aid for unloading the weapon in a process reverse. In this case, the device 7 is put in place as shown in Figure 4, the ammunition 3 being then engaged in the chamber of the weapon and not in this device and the pusher 28 in the low position. he it is then a question of recovering this ammunition which following a incident or stop of fire is not fired. For it, we activate the ejection mechanism specific to the weapon placed according to a site equivalent to that of the loading which causes the gravity slip of the ammunition which reintegrates the device 7. The ammunition is then brought back to his store in the reverse process described in Figures 3, 2 and 1. In the case where the pusher 28 did not return to the low position, but remained in an intermediate position, this constitutes a obstacle to the complete sliding of the ammunition. For return the pusher 28 to the low position, we release from share the chain 32 by erasing the lever 70, and other share the ratchet wheel 52 by operating the ring 67 which clear the ratchets 59 to bring them into position shown in dotted lines in Figure 10. The chain 32 is then completely free and is driven under the action of the weight of the pusher 28 acting on the lug 43 in a opposite direction to that of the discharge.

Claims (11)

  1. A manual loading device for a cannon (1) integrated into the turret (2) of an armoured vehicle, composed of a means to receive (20) ammunition (3) integral with the turret basket, a closed chain (32) driven by a manual drive means (36) integral with the reception means (20), characterised in that it comprises an ammunition delivery ram (28) hinged to a carrier (27), mounted sliding on a slide (26) fastened to the reception means (20), to ensure a displacement of the top piece of ammunition to the slide passage of the carrier when it is driven by the closed chain (32).
  2. A loading device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the reception means (20) is integral with a slide (8) providing a storage position from which the ammunition (3) is taken and a loading position prolonging the cannon (1).
  3. A loading device according to Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the reception means (20) is formed of a plate (21) and two half-shells (22) that are hinged to it.
  4. A loading device according to Claim 3, characterised in that the plate (21) is formed of a substantially rectangular plate (23) fitted with a flange (24) at the base of which the ammunition presses (3).
  5. A loading device according to any one of the above Claims, characterised in that the carrier (27) slides on a slide (26) fastened in parallel to the plate (21).
  6. A loading device according to Claim 5, characterised in that the delivery ram (28) is a U-shaped part whose the long branch (29) presses the base of the ammunition (3) and whose short branch (30) co-operates with the chain to deliver the ammunition (3).
  7. A loading device according to any one of the above Claims, characterised in that the closed chain (32) is driven in translation around two rollers (33, 34) positioned at either end of the plate (21) and carries a snug (43) co-operating with the delivery ram (28).
  8. A loading device according to Claim 7, characterised in that the chain (32) is driven in endless translation by means of a pinion (35) activated by a motor means (50).
  9. A loading device according to Claim 8, characterised in that the motor means (50) is formed of a ratchet wheel (52) driven in rotation and meshing on a drive shaft (51) of the pinion (35).
  10. A loading device according to Claim 9, characterised in that the ratchet wheel (52) is driven in rotation by a drum (53) activated by a means formed of a cable (62) and handle (61).
  11. A loading device according to Claim 10, characterised in that the drum (53) is subjected to the action of a return spring.
EP19940203742 1993-12-22 1994-12-22 Ammunition loading device for a turret mounted gun Expired - Lifetime EP0664430B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9315421A FR2714157B1 (en) 1993-12-22 1993-12-22 Device for loading ammunition into a turret-mounted weapon.
FR9315421 1993-12-22

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0664430A2 EP0664430A2 (en) 1995-07-26
EP0664430A3 EP0664430A3 (en) 1995-09-13
EP0664430B1 true EP0664430B1 (en) 1999-03-03

Family

ID=9454206

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19940203742 Expired - Lifetime EP0664430B1 (en) 1993-12-22 1994-12-22 Ammunition loading device for a turret mounted gun

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0664430B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69416812T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2714157B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3138690A1 (en) * 2022-08-03 2024-02-09 Nexter Systems Weapon mounting and turret comprising such a weapon mounting

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR400386A (en) * 1908-06-03 1909-07-26 Schneider & Cie Device for the discharge of the charge into the guns
GB260093A (en) * 1925-10-08 1926-10-28 William Beardmore & Company Lt Improvements in ramming devices employed in the loading of guns
DE3216813A1 (en) * 1982-05-05 1983-11-10 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Breech-loader arrangement on a machine gun
DE3612208C2 (en) * 1986-04-11 1998-02-05 Kuka Wehrtechnik Gmbh Device for loading an armored weapon
DE59100969D1 (en) * 1990-04-04 1994-03-17 Kuka Wehrtechnik Gmbh Device for loading guns, in particular howitzer tanks.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0664430A3 (en) 1995-09-13
FR2714157A1 (en) 1995-06-23
FR2714157B1 (en) 1996-02-09
DE69416812D1 (en) 1999-04-08
EP0664430A2 (en) 1995-07-26
DE69416812T2 (en) 1999-07-08

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