EP0687882B1 - Feeding mechanism for ammunition - Google Patents
Feeding mechanism for ammunition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0687882B1 EP0687882B1 EP95401376A EP95401376A EP0687882B1 EP 0687882 B1 EP0687882 B1 EP 0687882B1 EP 95401376 A EP95401376 A EP 95401376A EP 95401376 A EP95401376 A EP 95401376A EP 0687882 B1 EP0687882 B1 EP 0687882B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rotation
- abutment
- ammunition
- mechanism according
- lever
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
- F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
- F41A9/06—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
- F41A9/09—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines
- F41A9/10—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging
- F41A9/13—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a vertical plane
- F41A9/14—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a vertical plane which is transverse to the barrel axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
- F41A9/38—Loading arrangements, i.e. for bringing the ammunition into the firing position
- F41A9/39—Ramming arrangements
- F41A9/42—Rammers separate from breech-block
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is a mechanism for placing of ammunition in the breech chamber of a medium or large caliber weapon, comprising on the one hand ammunition supply device which is driven in rotation by a drive device and on the other hand less a means of delivery and a means of wedging the ammunition operating successively, the delivery means and the wedging means being integral in rotation with the feeding device, the latter performing during a round of ammunition stationing successively a first rotation positioning the ammunition on the one hand the axis of the cylinder head chamber and secondly the means of repression to allow him to repress the ammunition, and a second rotation positioning the means to allow it to carry out the the ammunition in the forcing cone.
- the first and second rotations take place around two different axes, i.e. with a complex movement, hence a mechanical complexity which has as a corollary a relative mechanical fragility of the whole, hardly compatible with the requirements of new types of artillery equipment.
- French patent application 2,346,667 describes a loading device in which a tilting bucket receives a propellant charge and pushes in a single operation the charge and a projectile in the chamber of the weapon. In this device the projectile is trapped by inertia during the stop of the trough. Such a wedging mode is not sufficiently reliable.
- the subject of the present invention is a mechanism for stationing of the aforementioned type, but which has a mechanism both simpler and more robust than in Art Prior.
- the basic idea of the invention is to perform both rotations around a single axis so as to obtain the desired simplicity, and as a result, to also win over the time of a full charging cycle.
- the shift mechanism according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a rotating part allowing the first and second rotations of the feeding device are carried out around the same axis of rotation cooperating with a retractable stop means allowing to stop the rotation of the feeding device in a position corresponding to the end of the first rotation.
- the retractable stop means may include a retracting device moving the stop means between two positions, namely a first position, active, in which the stop means is capable of causing the stopping of the rotation of the feeding device at the end first rotation, and a second position, inactive, in which the stop means is deleted and does not act on the rotation of the feeding device.
- the retractable stop means advantageously comprises a first stop lever sliding longitudinally relative to said rotary part, but integral in rotation with said part, the feed device comprising means for sliding the first stop lever along said rotating part between said first and second positions.
- the first stop lever can particular include a peripheral groove, the means for moving the first lever then comprising a fork engaging in said groove.
- the stop means retractable has a second stop lever cooperating with a end stop of first rotation, the first stop lever being likely to cause the second stop lever only when is in its first position.
- the fork can be articulated around an axis of articulation.
- the range can include a first and a second branches each of which has a region such as an engaging finger in said groove.
- the first branch may include, at one end, a control finger constituting said means for making slide the first stop lever.
- the post-setting mechanism may include a rigid box supporting the drive device, the retractable stop means and said rotary part.
- the mechanism may include means for controlling, between steps a and c , an outward movement of the delivery means so as to effect said delivery of the ammunition and for controlling, between steps c and d , an outward movement of the jamming means so as to effect said jamming of the ammunition, then a return movement of the jamming means.
- the mechanism comprises means for controlling, during step d , a return movement of the delivery means.
- a feeding device a munition 50 comprises a stretcher 1 of semi-circular shape, the concavity is directed upwards and which is provided with a anti-extraction device 4, known per se, which is intended to prevent the ejection of the shell 50 during the rotation of the stretcher 1.
- the stretcher 1 is movable in rotation about a single axis, which is the axis of rotation of a cylindrical part 11.
- a support comprising on the one hand a perforated plate 22 at 26 which extends radially from the cylindrical part 11 to the stretcher 1 and on the other hand two lateral support elements 24 and 25 orthogonal to plate 22 and whose ends 24 'and 25' come enclose stretcher 1 so as to constitute a mechanical assembly rigid.
- the stretcher 1 is rotated by a rotary actuator 6 to helical piston.
- a chain backer 2 driven by a hydraulic motor and a cylinder linear clamp 3 are mounted on stretcher 1 and are integral with its rotation around the axis of the part 11.
- the whole is powered by an electro-hydraulic block, itself controlled by an electric control console.
- a lever 7 carrying a drive finger 18 is integral in rotation of the part 11, but its position along it is controlled by a fork 8 actuated by a stop cylinder 5.
- This driving in rotation of the lever 7, regardless of its position longitudinal along the part 11, is obtained by grooves complementary 15 of an extension 11 'of the part 11, and of the lever 7, which are shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.
- the finger 18 of the lever 7 allows to rotate in rotation until a damping stop 10 a second lever 9 carrying at its end 14 a stop finger 12.
- lever 9 is recalled by its own weight or by a spring (not shown) in a low position where it is released from the stop 10 and comes to rest in its bottom dead center on a lower edge 16 of an opening of one of the edges 34 of a box rigid U-shaped support 30 having a bottom plate 31 and a second flange 33.
- the box 30 stiffens the assembly and carries a U-shaped plate 36, whose branches 37 and 38 support the rotary actuator 6, the retractable stop mechanism 5, 7, 8, 9 and a end of the part 11, the other end of which is held by a wing 39 forming an extension of the bottom plate 31, which adjoins the ledge 34.
- the shift mechanism then operates according to the following cycle:
- a shell 50 is deposited in stretcher 1, which is in the insertion position shown in Figures 1 and 2. In this position, the chain repressor 2 is at rest. The linear cylinder of jam 3 is retracted rod, the stop cylinder 5 is retracted rod (see FIG. 7), which corresponds to the active position of the lever 7, and the rotary actuator 6 is at rest. The anti-extraction device 4 prevents the shell from being ejected during the first rotational movement of the stretcher 1.
- a first rotation of angle ⁇ of the stretcher 1 is carried out around the axis of the part 11 from the position shown in the Figure 1 to the position shown in Figure 3, in which the arm 9, driven by the finger 18, is applied by its finger stop 12 against the damper stop 10.
- the shell 50 sees its axis aligned with that of the breech chamber 40 of the barrel and the chain repeller 2 is in a position in which it can push back shell 50 from stretcher 1 to the cylinder head chamber 40.
- This discharge stage is initiated by a position detector of stretcher 1 which controls the advance of the chain repressor 2.
- a second position detector controls the output of the stopper cylinder rod 5, which has the effect to release finger 18 from its action on lever 9, which falls to its bottom dead center, and release the grooved lever 7 to allow it to continue its rotation without exerting any action on the lever 9.
- the stretcher 1 then performs a second rotation of angle ⁇ , always under the action of the rotary actuator 6 left under pressure from the position shown in Figure 3 to the position shown in Figure 5.
- the cylinder wedge 3 is brought into alignment with the cylinder head chamber 40 of the mouth to fire.
- a position detector on stretcher 1 controls the exit of the rod 23 of the jamming cylinder 3 and locks in position firing the shell 50 in the forcing cone 60 of the chamber 40.
- An electro-hydraulic device hydraulically connected to the rod 23 of the jack 3 controls, as soon as the oil flow drops, the re-entry of the rod 23.
- a re-entry detector of the rod 23 controls then return the stretcher 1 to the starting position (figure 1) as well that the return of the repressor 2.
- a last detector in the start position controls the retraction of the stop cylinder 5, which again positions the lever 7 in active position. The loading device is then ready for a new cycle.
- the device which has been described above, allows a gain of time on the one hand due to the fact that the return of the repressor 2 can be done entirely in masked time and, on the other hand, that the time of return of rotation of the arm is faster than in the prior art thanks to the unique movement, which contributes to the reduction of time of a complete cycle and consequently improves the rate of fire of the equipment.
- Figure 7 shows the lever 7 in its active position where the pin 18 rotates the lever 9. This position corresponds to the rod 82 position retracted from the stop cylinder 5.
- the fork 8 has the general shape of an inverted U (see Figure 9) which has an upper central branch 84 and two lateral branches 83 and 85 which extend downward. At its upper part 88, which overcomes the central branch 84, a hinge 89 is arranged allowing the fork 8 to be movable in rotation about an axis horizontal perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the part 11.
- the lower part of branch 83 has an extension 82 which ends with a finger 81 which engages in the rod 82, which allows control the movement of the fork 8.
- the part median of branches 83 and 85 has extensions 83 and 87 engaging in a groove 71 of a cylindrical piece 72 extending the lever 7 along the axis of the part 11.
- the fork 8 is thus movable between the active position of the lever 7 (in solid lines in FIG. 10) in which the finger 18 can rotate lever 9 and a second position making a angle with the vertical and in which, the jack 5 is in position rod 82 extended, finger 18 is moved (to the right in the figure 10) so as to be moved away from lever 9 (see the dotted lines at the figure 10).
- Figure 8 also shows the various positions of the levers 7 and 9 and more particularly the three characteristic positions of the lever 7, namely the first starting position shown in line full, then, after the first rotation, the first position corresponding to the abutment of the lever 9 (also shown in dotted) then finally, the rotation pushing in the direction counterclockwise, the third position after a second rotation in which a rear extension 19 of the lever 7 abuts on a stop 13 indicating the end of the second rotation.
Description
La présente invention a pour objet un mécanisme de mise à poste d'une munition dans la chambre de culasse d'une arme de moyen ou de gros calibre, comportant d'une part un dispositif d'amenage de la munition qui est entraíné en rotation par un dispositif d'entraínement et d'autre part au moins un moyen de refoulement et un moyen de coincement de la munition opérant successivement, le moyen de refoulement et le moyen de coincement étant solidaires en rotation du dispositif d'amenage, ce dernier effectuant au cours d'un cycle de mise à poste de la munition successivement une première rotation positionnant d'une part la munition dans l'axe de la chambre de culasse et d'autre part le moyen de refoulement pour lui permettre d'effectuer un refoulement de la munition, et une deuxième rotation positionnant le moyen de coincement pour lui permettre d'effectuer le coincement de la munition dans le cône de forcement.The subject of the present invention is a mechanism for placing of ammunition in the breech chamber of a medium or large caliber weapon, comprising on the one hand ammunition supply device which is driven in rotation by a drive device and on the other hand less a means of delivery and a means of wedging the ammunition operating successively, the delivery means and the wedging means being integral in rotation with the feeding device, the latter performing during a round of ammunition stationing successively a first rotation positioning the ammunition on the one hand the axis of the cylinder head chamber and secondly the means of repression to allow him to repress the ammunition, and a second rotation positioning the means to allow it to carry out the the ammunition in the forcing cone.
Un tel mécanisme de mise à poste est connu de la
Demande de Brevet français 2 448 121, déposée par l'Etat
Français , le 5 février 1979 qui est pris à base du préambule de la revendication 1.Such a stationing mechanism is known from the
French Patent Application 2,448,121, filed by the State
French, February 5, 1979 which is based on the preamble of
Dans celui-ci, la première et la deuxième rotations s'effectuent autour de deux axes différents , c'est à dire avec un mouvement complexe, d'où une complexité mécanique qui a pour corollaire une relative fragilité mécanique de l'ensemble, peu compatible avec les exigences de nouveaux types de matériels d'artillerie.In this one, the first and second rotations take place around two different axes, i.e. with a complex movement, hence a mechanical complexity which has as a corollary a relative mechanical fragility of the whole, hardly compatible with the requirements of new types of artillery equipment.
La demande de brevet français 2 346 667 décrit un dispositif de chargement dans lequel un auget basculant reçoit une charge propulsive et pousse en une seule opération la charge et un projectile dans la chambre de l'arme. Dans ce dispositif le projectile se trouve coincé par inertie lors de l'arrêt de l'auget. Un tel mode de coincement n'est pas suffisamment fiable.French patent application 2,346,667 describes a loading device in which a tilting bucket receives a propellant charge and pushes in a single operation the charge and a projectile in the chamber of the weapon. In this device the projectile is trapped by inertia during the stop of the trough. Such a wedging mode is not sufficiently reliable.
La présente invention a pour objet un mécanisme de mise à poste du type précité, mais qui présente un mécanisme à la fois plus simple et plus robuste que dans l'Art Antérieur.The subject of the present invention is a mechanism for stationing of the aforementioned type, but which has a mechanism both simpler and more robust than in Art Prior.
L'idée de base de l'invention est d'effectuer les deux rotations autour d'un axe unique de manière à obtenir la simplicité souhaitée, et en conséquence, de gagner également sur le temps d'un cycle complet de chargement.The basic idea of the invention is to perform both rotations around a single axis so as to obtain the desired simplicity, and as a result, to also win over the time of a full charging cycle.
Le mécanisme de mise à poste selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une pièce rotative permettant que la première et la deuxième rotations du dispositif d'amenage s'effectuent autour d'un même axe de rotation coopérant avec un moyen de butée escamotable permettant d'arrêter la rotation du dispositif d'amenage dans une position correspondant à la fin de la première rotation.The shift mechanism according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a rotating part allowing the first and second rotations of the feeding device are carried out around the same axis of rotation cooperating with a retractable stop means allowing to stop the rotation of the feeding device in a position corresponding to the end of the first rotation.
Le moyen de butée escamotable peut comporter un dispositif d'escamotage déplaçant le moyen de butée entre deux positions, à savoir une première position, active, dans laquelle le moyen de butée est à même de provoquer l'arrêt de la rotation du dispositif d'amenage en fin de première rotation, et une deuxième position, inactive, dans laquelle le moyen de butée est effacé et n'agit pas sur la rotation du dispositif d'amenage.The retractable stop means may include a retracting device moving the stop means between two positions, namely a first position, active, in which the stop means is capable of causing the stopping of the rotation of the feeding device at the end first rotation, and a second position, inactive, in which the stop means is deleted and does not act on the rotation of the feeding device.
Le moyen de butée escamotable comporte avantageusement un premier levier de butée coulissant longitudinalement par rapport à ladite pièce rotative, mais solidaire en rotation de ladite pièce, le dispositif d'amenage comportant un moyen pour faire coulisser le premier levier de butée le long de ladite pièce rotative entre lesdites première et deuxième positions. Le premier levier de butée peut en particulier comporter une rainure périphérique, le moyen pour déplacer le premier levier comportant alors une fourchette s'engageant dans ladite rainure.The retractable stop means advantageously comprises a first stop lever sliding longitudinally relative to said rotary part, but integral in rotation with said part, the feed device comprising means for sliding the first stop lever along said rotating part between said first and second positions. The first stop lever can particular include a peripheral groove, the means for moving the first lever then comprising a fork engaging in said groove.
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le moyen de butée escamotable comporte un deuxième levier de butée coopérant avec une butée de fin de première rotation, le premier levier de butée étant susceptible d'entraíner le deuxième levier de butée seulement lorsqu'il se trouve dans sa première position.According to a preferred embodiment, the stop means retractable has a second stop lever cooperating with a end stop of first rotation, the first stop lever being likely to cause the second stop lever only when is in its first position.
La fourchette peut être articulée autour d'un axe d'articulation.The fork can be articulated around an axis of articulation.
La fourchette peut comporter une première et une deuxième branches dont chacune présente une région telle qu'un doigt s'engageant dans ladite rainure. La première branche peut comporter, à une extrémité, un doigt de commande constituant ledit moyen pour faire coulisser le premier levier de butée.The range can include a first and a second branches each of which has a region such as an engaging finger in said groove. The first branch may include, at one end, a control finger constituting said means for making slide the first stop lever.
Le mécanisme de mise à poste peut comporter un caisson rigide supportant le dispositif d'entraínement, le moyen de butée escamotable et ladite pièce rotative.The post-setting mechanism may include a rigid box supporting the drive device, the retractable stop means and said rotary part.
Le mécanisme de mise à poste comporte avantageusement un
dispositif de commande assurant le séquencement suivant de la rotation
du dispositif d'amenage :
Le mécanisme peut comporter un moyen pour commander, entre les étapes a et c, un déplacement aller du moyen de refoulement de manière à effectuer ledit refoulement de la munition et pour commander, entre les étapes c et d, un déplacement aller du moyen de coincement de manière à effectuer ledit coincement de la munition, puis un déplacement retour du moyen de coincement.The mechanism may include means for controlling, between steps a and c , an outward movement of the delivery means so as to effect said delivery of the ammunition and for controlling, between steps c and d , an outward movement of the jamming means so as to effect said jamming of the ammunition, then a return movement of the jamming means.
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le mécanisme comporte un moyen pour commander, au cours de l'étape d, un déplacement retour du moyen de refoulement.According to a preferred embodiment, the mechanism comprises means for controlling, during step d , a return movement of the delivery means.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, en liaison avec les dessins ci-annexés, qui représentent un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention et dans lesquels :
- les figures 1 et 2 représentent, respectivement en vue avant et en vue latérale droite (coupe partielle AA de la figure 1), un dispositif selon l'invention, en position d'introduction d'une munition ;
- la figure 3 représente le dispositif de la figure 1 après une première rotation du dispositif d'amenage ;
- la figure 4 représente, en vue de dessus, l'introduction d'une munition dans la chambre de culasse d'un canon ;
- la figure 5 représente le dispositif de la figure 3, après deuxième rotation du dispositif d'amenage pour mise en position du vérin de coincement ;
- la figure 6 représente, en vue de dessus, la fin de l'introduction et le coincement de la munition dans le cône de forcement d'un tube de bouche à feu ;
- la figure 7 représente, en vue de dessus avec coupe partielle BB de la figure 5, un mode de réalisation préféré du dispositif d'escamotage de la butée ;
- la figure 8 est une coupe transversale CC de la figure 7, illustrant deux positions caractéristiques du moyen de butée escamotable selon l'invention ;
- la figure 9 est une coupe transversale DD de la figure 7 ;
- la figure 10 est une vue latérale de la figure 9 illustrant deux positions caractéristiques du déplacement de la fourchette selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention ;
- la figure 11 est une vue en perspective d'un dispositif selon l'invention, avec enlèvement du dispositif d'escamotage de la butée escamotable.
- Figures 1 and 2 show, respectively in front view and in right side view (partial section AA of Figure 1), a device according to the invention, in the position of introduction of a munition;
- Figure 3 shows the device of Figure 1 after a first rotation of the feed device;
- Figure 4 shows, in top view, the introduction of ammunition into the breech chamber of a gun;
- Figure 5 shows the device of Figure 3, after second rotation of the supply device for positioning the jamming cylinder;
- 6 shows, in top view, the end of the introduction and the jamming of the ammunition in the forcing cone of a muzzle tube;
- 7 shows, in top view with partial section BB of Figure 5, a preferred embodiment of the retracting device of the stop;
- Figure 8 is a cross section CC of Figure 7, illustrating two characteristic positions of the retractable stop means according to the invention;
- Figure 9 is a cross section DD of Figure 7;
- Figure 10 is a side view of Figure 9 illustrating two characteristic positions of the movement of the fork according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
- Figure 11 is a perspective view of a device according to the invention, with removal of the retractable device from the retractable stop.
Comme le montrent les figures 1 et 2, un dispositif d'amenage
d'une munition 50 comporte une civière 1 de forme semi-circulaire dont
la concavité est dirigée vers le haut et qui est pourvue d'un
dispositif anti-extraction 4, connu en soi, qui est destiné à empêcher
l'éjection de l'obus 50 lors de la rotation de la civière 1. La civière
1 est mobile en rotation autour d'un seul axe, qui est l'axe de
rotation d'une pièce cylindrique 11. Elle est raccordée mécaniquement à
la pièce 11 par un support comportant d'une part une plaque 22 ajourée
en 26 qui s'étend radialement depuis la pièce cylindrique 11 jusqu'à la
civière 1 et d'autre part deux éléments de support latéraux 24 et 25
orthogonaux à la plaque 22 et dont les extrémités 24' et 25' viennent
enserrer la civière 1 de manière à constituer un ensemble mécanique
rigide.As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a feeding device
a
La civière 1 est entraínée en rotation par un vérin rotatif 6 à
piston hélicoïdal.The
Un refouloir à chaíne 2 mû par un moteur hydraulique et un vérin
linéaire de coincement 3 sont montés sur la civière 1 et sont
solidaires de sa rotation autour de l'axe de la pièce 11.A
L'ensemble est alimenté par un bloc électro-hydraulique, lui-même piloté par un pupitre de commande électrique.The whole is powered by an electro-hydraulic block, itself controlled by an electric control console.
Un levier 7 portant un doigt d'entraínement 18 est solidaire en
rotation de la pièce 11, mais sa position le long de celui-ci est
commandée par une fourchette 8 actionnée par un vérin de butée 5. Cet
entraínement en rotation du levier 7, indépendamment de sa position
longitudinale le long de la pièce 11, est obtenu par des cannelures
complémentaires 15 d'un prolongement 11' de la pièce 11, et du levier
7, qui sont représentées aux figures 8 et 9.A
Le doigt 18 du levier 7 permet d'entraíner en rotation jusqu'à
une butée amortisseur 10 un deuxième levier 9 portant à son extrémité
14 un doigt de butée 12.The
La fourchette 8, commandée par le vérin de butée 5, permet de
déplacer le levier 7 longitudinalement le long de l'axe 11 entre une
position active dans laquelle le pion 18 est susceptible d'entraíner en
rotation le levier 9 et une position inactive dans laquelle la rotation
du levier 7 ne peut avoir aucune influence sur le levier 9. On
remarquera par ailleurs que le levier 9 est rappelé par son propre
poids ou bien par un ressort (non représenté) dans une position basse
où il est dégagé de la butée 10 et vient reposer en son point mort bas
sur un bord inférieur 16 d'une ouverture d'un des bords 34 d'un caisson
support 30 rigide en forme de U présentant une plaque de fond 31 et un
deuxième rebord 33. Le caisson 30 rigidifie l'ensemble et porte une
platine 36 en forme de U, dont les branches 37 et 38 supportent le
vérin rotatif 6, le mécanisme de butée escamotable 5, 7, 8, 9 et une
extrémité de la pièce 11 dont l'autre extrémité est maintenue par une
aile 39 formant un prolongement de la plaque de fond 31, qui jouxte le
rebord 34.The
Le fonctionnement du mécanisme de mise à poste s'effectue alors selon le cycle suivant :The shift mechanism then operates according to the following cycle:
Un obus 50 est déposé dans la civière 1, qui se trouve dans la
position d'introduction représentée aux figures 1 et 2. Dans cette
position, le refouloir à chaíne 2 est au repos. Le vérin linéaire de
coincement 3 est tige rentrée, le vérin de butée 5 est tige rentrée
(voir figure 7), ce qui correspond à la position active du levier 7, et
le vérin rotatif 6 est au repos. Le dispositif anti-extraction 4
empêche l'éjection de l'obus lors du premier mouvement de rotation de
la civière 1.A
Une première rotation d'angle α de la civière 1 est effectuée
autour de l'axe de la pièce 11 depuis la position représentée à la
figure 1 jusqu'à la position représentée à la figure 3, dans laquelle
le bras 9, entraíné par le doigt 18, vient s'appliquer par son doigt de
butée 12 contre la butée amortisseur 10. Dans cette position, l'obus 50
voit son axe aligné avec celui de la chambre de culasse 40 du canon et
le refouloir à chaíne 2 est dans une position dans laquelle il peut
effectuer un refoulement de l'obus 50 depuis la civière 1 jusqu'à la
chambre de culasse 40. Cette étape de refoulement est initiée par un
détecteur de position de la civière 1 qui commande l'avance du
refouloir à chaíne 2. En outre, un deuxième détecteur de position
commande la sortie de la tige du vérin de butée 5, ce qui a pour effet
de dégager le doigt 18 de son action sur le levier 9, qui retombe à son
point mort bas, et de libèrer le levier cannelé 7 pour lui permettre de
poursuivre sa rotation sans exercer d'action sur le levier 9.A first rotation of angle α of the
La civière 1 effectue alors une deuxième rotation d'angle β,
toujours sous l'action du vérin rotatif 6 laissé sous pression depuis
la position représentée à la figure 3 jusqu'à la position représentée à
la figure 5. Dans cette deuxième position (voir figure 5), le vérin de
coincement 3 est mis en alignement avec la chambre de culasse 40 de la
bouche à feu. Un détecteur de position de la civière 1 commande la
sortie de la tige 23 du vérin de coincement 3 et bloque en position de
tir l'obus 50 dans le cône de forcement 60 de la chambre 40.The
Un dispositif electro-hydraulique relié hydrauliquement à la
tige 23 du vérin 3 commande, dès la chute de débit de l'huile, la
rentrée de la tige 23. Un détecteur de rentrée de la tige 23 commande
alors le retour de la civière 1 en position de départ (figure 1) ainsi
que le retour du refouloir 2. Un dernier détecteur en position départ
commande la rentrée du vérin de butée 5, ce qui postionne de nouveau le
levier 7 en position active. Le dispositif de chargement est alors prêt
pour un nouveau cycle.An electro-hydraulic device hydraulically connected to the
Le dispositif, qui a été décrit ci-dessus, permet un gain de
temps, d'une part en raison du fait que le retour du refouloir 2 peut
se faire intégralement en temps masqué et, d'autre part que le temps de
retour de rotation du bras est plus rapide que dans l'Art Antérieur
grâce au mouvement unique, ce qui contribue à la réduction du temps
d'un cycle complet et améliore en conséquence la cadence de tir du
matériel.The device, which has been described above, allows a gain of
time on the one hand due to the fact that the return of the
On va maintenant décrire, en liaison avec les figures 7 à 10, un mode de réalisation préféré du dispositif d'escamotage de la butée escamotable.We will now describe, in conjunction with FIGS. 7 to 10, a preferred embodiment of the device for retracting the stop retractable.
La figure 7 représente le levier 7 dans sa position active où le
pion 18 entraíne en rotation le levier 9. Cette position correspond à
la position tige 82 rentrée du vérin de butée 5. La fourchette 8
présente la forme générale d'un U inversé (voir la figure 9) qui
présente une branche centrale supérieure 84 et deux branches latérales
83 et 85 qui s'étendent vers le bas. A sa partie supérieure 88, qui
surmonte la branche centrale 84, est disposée une articulation 89
permettant à la fourchette 8 d'être mobile en rotation autour d'un axe
horizontal perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation de la pièce 11. La
partie inférieure de la branche 83 comporte un prolongement 82 qui se
termine par un doigt 81 qui s'engage dans la tige 82, ce qui permet de
commander le déplacement de la fourchette 8. En outre, la partie
médiane des branches 83 et 85 porte des prolongements 83 et 87
s'engageant dans une rainure 71 d'une pièce cylindrique 72 prolongeant
le levier 7 le long de l'axe de la pièce 11.Figure 7 shows the
La fourchette 8 est ainsi déplaçable entre la position active du
levier 7 (en traits pleins à la figure 10) dans laquelle le doigt 18
peut faire tourner le levier 9 et une deuxième position faisant un
angle avec la verticale et dans laquelle, le vérin 5 étant en position
tige 82 sortie, le doigt 18 est déplacé (vers la droite sur la figure
10) de manière à être écarté du levier 9 (voir les pointillés à la
figure 10).The
La figure 8 montre également les diverses positions des leviers
7 et 9 et plus particulièrement les trois positions caractéristiques du
levier 7 à savoir la première position de départ représentée en trait
plein, puis, après la première rotation, la première position
correspondant à la mise en butée du levier 9 (également représentée en
pointillés) puis enfin, la rotation se pousuivant dans le sens
contraire au sens des aiguilles d'une montre, la troisième position
après deuxième rotation dans laquelle un prolongement arrière 19 du
levier 7 vient en butée sur une butée 13 indiquant la fin de la
deuxième rotation.Figure 8 also shows the various positions of the
Claims (12)
- A feeding mechanism for a piece of ammunition (30) in the breech chamber (40) of a medium or large calibre weapon, incorporating firstly a device (1) to transport the ammunition driven in rotation by a drive device (6) and secondly at least one delivery means (2) and one blocking means (3) for the ammunition operating successively, the delivery means (2) and the blocking means (3) being integral in rotation with the transport device (1), the latter, during a full positioning cycle of the ammunition, successively carrying out a first rotation (α) to firstly position the ammunition in the axis of the breech chamber (40) and secondly the delivery means so that it is able to ram the ammunition into place, and a second rotation (β) positioning the blocking means so that it is able to block the ammunition in the forcing cone (60), characterised in that it incorporates a rotating part (11) allowing the first (α) and second (β) rotations of the transport device (1) to take place about the same hinge pin with retractable abutment means (7, 9) allowing the rotation of the transport device (1) to be halted in a position corresponding to the end of the first rotation (α).
- A mechanism according to Claim 1, characterised in that the retractable abutment means (7, 9) incorporate a retracting device (5, 82) moving the abutment means (7, 9) between two positions, that is a first position, active, in which the abutment means (7, 9) cause the rotation of the transport device (1) to stop after the first rotation (a), and a second position, inactive, in which the abutment means (7, 9) are retracted and thus do not act upon the rotation of the transport device (1).
- A mechanism according to Claim 2, characterised in that the retractable abutment means comprise a first abutment lever (7) sliding longitudinally with respect to said rotating part (11), notably thanks to ribs (15), but integral in rotation with said part (11), and in that the retracting device incorporates means to make the first abutment lever slide along said rotating part (11) between said first and second positions.
- A mechanism according to Claim 3, characterised in that the first abutment lever (7) incorporates a peripheral groove (71) and in that the means to move the first lever (7) incorporate a fork (8) engaging in said groove.
- A mechanism according to one of Claims 3 or 4, characterised in that the retractable abutment means incorporate a second abutment lever (9) co-operating with an end of first rotation abutment (10) and in that the first abutment lever (7) is able to drive the second abutment lever (9) only when it (7) is in its said first position.
- A mechanism according to one of Claims 4 or 5, characterised in that the fork (8) is hinged around a hinge pin (89).
- A mechanism according to one of Claims 4 to 6, characterised in that the fork (8) incorporates a first (83) and a second (85) branch each of which has a finger (86, 87) engaging in said groove (71).
- A mechanism according to Claim 7, characterised in that the first branch (83) incorporates, at one end, a control finger (81) forming said means to make the first abutment lever (7) slide.
- A mechanism according to one of the above Claims, characterised in that it incorporates a rigid unit supporting the drive device (6), the retractable abutment means (7, 9) and said rotating part (11).
- A mechanism according to one of Claim 2 to 9, characterised in that it incorporates a drive device ensuring the following rotation sequencing of the transport device (1):a) the drive device (6) is displaced to carry out the first rotation, the retractable abutment means (7, 9) being in their first position;b) the retractable abutment means (7, 9) are placed in the second position;c) the drive device (6) is displaced to carry out the second rotation;d) the drive device (6) is displaced to carry out the return of the second and first rotations;e) the retractable abutment means (7, 9) are placed in the first position.
- A mechanism according to Claim 10, characterised in that it incorporates means to control, between stages a and c, a forward displacement of the delivery means (2) so as to carry out said delivery of the ammunition (50) and to control, between stages c and d, a forward movement of the blocking means (3) so as to carry out said blocking of the ammunition (50), then a return movement of the blocking means (3).
- A mechanism according to one of Claims 10 or 11, characterised in that it incorporates means to control, during stage d, a return movement of the delivery means (2).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9407355 | 1994-06-16 | ||
| FR9407355A FR2721387B1 (en) | 1994-06-16 | 1994-06-16 | Ammunition delivery mechanism. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0687882A1 EP0687882A1 (en) | 1995-12-20 |
| EP0687882B1 true EP0687882B1 (en) | 1999-05-19 |
Family
ID=9464272
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95401376A Expired - Lifetime EP0687882B1 (en) | 1994-06-16 | 1995-06-13 | Feeding mechanism for ammunition |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5563363A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0687882B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69509703T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2721387B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5773747A (en) * | 1996-05-07 | 1998-06-30 | United Defense, Lp | Two-piece ammunition flick ram |
| US6073534A (en) * | 1998-01-14 | 2000-06-13 | General Dynamics Armament Systems, Inc. | Transfer mechanism and method for uploading and downloading propellant charges and projectiles |
| FR2796713B1 (en) | 1999-07-22 | 2002-09-13 | Giat Ind Sa | LOADING AID FOR ARTILLERY |
| US6513415B2 (en) * | 2001-03-22 | 2003-02-04 | United Defense Lp | Propellant retention device |
| AU2008302516B2 (en) | 2007-09-17 | 2013-09-19 | Tecpharma Licensing Ag | Insertion devices for infusion devices |
| IT1400863B1 (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2013-07-02 | Oto Melara Spa | WOOD EVACUATION SYSTEM |
| DE102017107442B4 (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2021-03-18 | Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device for loading a barrel weapon with ammunition bodies |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1682323A (en) * | 1924-06-26 | 1928-08-28 | Thomas A Conlon | Mechanical loader for cannon |
| GB578742A (en) * | 1941-08-20 | 1946-07-10 | Desmond Walter Molins | Improvements in or relating to breech loading mechanism for ordnance |
| US4183281A (en) * | 1976-03-31 | 1980-01-15 | Aktiebolaget Bofors | Method of and device for loading a firearm |
| SE413264B (en) * | 1976-03-31 | 1980-05-12 | Bofors Ab | CHARGING DEVICE AT AN ELECTRIC WEAPON |
| FR2448121A1 (en) * | 1979-02-05 | 1980-08-29 | France Etat | SHELL POSITIONING DEVICE FOR ARTILLERY MATERIAL |
| EP0051119B1 (en) * | 1980-08-27 | 1985-02-06 | Fmc Corporation | Automatic large caliber ammunition loading system |
| US4457209A (en) * | 1980-08-27 | 1984-07-03 | Fmc Corporation | Automated large caliber ammunition handling system |
| DE3306935A1 (en) * | 1983-02-28 | 1984-08-30 | Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf | LOADING BOWL ARRANGEMENT ON A PISTON GUN |
-
1994
- 1994-06-16 FR FR9407355A patent/FR2721387B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-06-06 US US08/471,727 patent/US5563363A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-13 EP EP95401376A patent/EP0687882B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-13 DE DE69509703T patent/DE69509703T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0687882A1 (en) | 1995-12-20 |
| US5563363A (en) | 1996-10-08 |
| DE69509703T2 (en) | 1999-10-14 |
| FR2721387A1 (en) | 1995-12-22 |
| DE69509703D1 (en) | 1999-06-24 |
| FR2721387B1 (en) | 1996-08-14 |
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