FR2600408A1 - Automatic system for the ammunition feed and loading of compressed-air weapons - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic system for the ammunition feed and loading of compressed-air weapons. The loading of the compression chamber 6 is obtained by means of a series of relative movements between the barrel body 1, acting as a loading lever, and the weapon body 2, in which the compression chamber 6 is accommodated so as to be articulated relative to the latter, in such a way that their gyratory or angular movement about an axis of articulation 3 is possible, said movement simultaneously causing the displacement between two specific positions of a sliding piece 12 which ensures the automatic feed of the barrel 9, thus providing the latter, during its loading operation, with an ammunition unit coming from a tubular magazine 17 located next to the barrel 9 of the weapon.

Description

 The invention relates to an automatic ammunition supply and airgun loading system.

 With compressed air weapons, we must carry out a weapon loading maneuver which essentially consists in storing a certain volume of air at a determined pressure in a compression chamber, or in banding a spring whose trigger moves, with the necessary force, the compression piston.

 Air guns known up to now require, in order to combine the circular or angular movement of the loading lever with the rectilinear movement of the piston inside the compression chamber, fixed to the body of the weapon, the provision of 'a mechanical element, which, like a connecting rod, is connected, by one of its ends, to a point of rotation of the loading lever and, by the other end, to the piston of the compression chamber.

 The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks. The invention, as it is characterized, solves the problem of creating an automatic system for supplying ammunition and loading compressed air weapons, making it possible to avoid the use of a connecting element, of the connecting rod type, between the compression piston and the loading lever; which significantly simplifies the construction and assembly of the weapon, thereby improving its mechanical efficiency, increasing its reliability, reducing its weight and reducing, in addition, its production cost price.

 In the airgun loading system, according to the invention, the connection between the loading arm and the compression lever is direct and consists of a special arrangement and a direct connection between the compression chamber and the body of the tear; which causes the circular or angular movement described by the loading arm, when the latter is actuated manually; this movement in turn drives the piston which therefore moves, rectilinearly, in the compression chamber, the latter being forced to move in turn angularly relative to the body of the weapon, thanks to the connection articulated particular that exists between these two elements.

 This invention is mainly characterized in that it consists, essentially> of an automatic ammunition supply and weapon loading system, for airguns, where the loading operation requires a series of relative movements between the barrel body and the body of the weapon in which the compression chamber is housed; the two blocks, which form these two elements, are interconnected so that their gyratory movement is made possible, that is to say an angular movement relative to an axis of articulation, which simultaneously causes the displacement, according two determined positions, of a sliding part which automatically feeds the chamber, thus providing for each operation, an ammunition unit coming from a tubular magazine juxtaposed with the barrel of the weapon.

Other characteristics and advantages will appear in the following description of an embodiment of an automatic system for supplying ammunition and loading an airgun, given by way of non-limiting example. attached drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows a schematic view, in longitudinal section, of the loading mechanism for airguns, showing the body of the weapon, the compression chamber, the piston and the loading lever itself, forming a 'single piece with the barrel body in the closed position of the weapon.

 FIG. 2 represents a schematic view, in longitudinal section of the loading mechanism, in the position of maximum displacement of the loading arm.

 FIG. 3 represents a partial schematic view, in longitudinal section, of the part of the barrel body where the automatic ammunition supply mechanism for the barrel itself is located, showing the sliding part positioned opposite the barrel, corresponding to the closed situation or charged with the weapon.

FIG. 4 represents a transverse view of this automatic feeding mechanism, in section along the plane
AA shown in Figure 3.

 FIG. 5 represents a transverse view of the automatic feeding mechanism, in an open weapon situation, in section along the plane BB indicated in FIG. 6.

 FIG. 6 represents a view in partial longitudinal section of the part of the barrel body where the automatic feeding mechanism of the barrel is located, showing the sliding part arranged facing the tubular magazine of ammunition, which corresponds to the situation of open weapon , at a time during the loading maneuver.

 FIG. 7 represents a partial view, in longitudinal section of a compressed air weapon, equipped with the automatic system for supplying the barrel with ammunition and for simultaneous loading of the compression chamber, when the weapon is closed.

 FIG. 8 represents a partial view, in longitudinal section, of a compressed air weapon equipped with an automatic system for supplying ammunition to the barrel and simultaneous loading of the compression chamber, in the open position, at the time of loading maneuver.

 FIG. 9 represents a cross-sectional view of the mechanism for feeding the weapon, according to the plane CC indicated in FIG. 7.

 The figures represent an automatic system for supplying ammunition and for loading compressed air weapons, essentially comprising a barrel body l, a weapon body 2 in which is housed, articulated relative thereto, a chamber compression 6; the said weapon body 2 and the said compression chamber 6 being connected to one another, by means of a hinge pin 7, so that their gyratory movement is made possible, which simultaneously causes displacement, between two predetermined positions, of a sliding part 12 automatically supplying the barrel 9 with an ammunition unit.

 Referring to the figures of the drawings, we now describe, in detail t the specific features of the automatic system of ammunition supply and simultaneous loading.

 As can be seen, the body l of the barrel 9 is articulated relative to the weapon body 2, by means of a hinge pin 3, and is also connected to the end of the rod 4 'of the piston. 4, via a bolt or a hinge pin 5.

 As can be seen in the simplified diagram shown in Figure 1 and the actual representation corresponding to Figure 7, in the rest position or in the closed position, the essential elements of this loading mechanism are in a parallel position between them, with the piston 4 in the maximum compression position, the assembly being held in the closed position by means of a lock 8, which connects the body of the weapon 2 to the body of the barrel 1 which, as indicated, constitutes in this embodiment, the loading lever.

 When the latch 8 is released, by action on the pusher 10, which acts on the expansion plate 11, the loading arm, that is to say the barrel body 1, is actuated manually, thus causing a gyration around the hinge axis 3; this movement causes, via the bolt or the hinge pin 5, the compression piston 4; since this compression piston 4 can only move rectilinearly in the compression chamber 6, which forces the latter to make a gyration with respect to the body of the weapon 2, thanks to the articulated connection of these two elements, obtained via a hinge pin 7.

 This angular displacement of the compression chamber 6> relative to the body of the weapon 2, can be clearly observed in the schematic representation corresponding to FIG. 2 and in the actual representation corresponding to FIG. 8.

 The maximum opening position of the barrel body 1, as a function of the loading lever arm, is determined by the length of the rod 4 'of the piston 4. According to another embodiment, it is possible to arrange, in the articulation of this loading arm relative to the body of the weapon 2, an adequate stop (not shown) which delimits the maximum position of gyration or opening of the barrel body 1.

 In the schematic view} corresponding to FIG. I, the loading arm has been shown arranged parallel to the compression chamber, above the latter.

 The loading lever may consist of a single element, independent of the barrel body 1 and may be arranged 1 either laterally to the weapon body 2, or under it, provided that the joints are maintained respectively to the body d 'weapon 2 and at the end of the rod 4' of the compression piston 4.

 In relation to the barrel 9, there is a sliding part 12 provided with a chamber 12 'receiving the ammunition unit, the dimensions of which must necessarily remain in proportion to the caliber of the ammunition; this sliding part 12 is capable of moving in the body of the barrel body 1 under the impulse of two springs 13 and 13 ', which by one of their ends bear on the internal wall of the body of the barrel body 1 while, by their other end, they penetrate, are retained and guided in cavities 14 and 14 ', provided for this purpose in the sliding part 12, whose displacement, under the action of the springs 13 and 13' already mentioned , is limited by shoulders 15 and 15 'which the same part 12 comprises and which come to bear against stops 16 and 16' situated at an adequate height inside the body of the barrel body 1.

 By releasing the bolt 8, which keeps the barrel body 1 in abutment on the weapon body 2, the two bodies separate to perform the loading operation of the compression chamber; and this movement of separation of the two blocks of elements automatically releases the springs 13 and 13 ′ which push the sliding part 12, the latter moving to a position delimited by the shoulders 15 and the stops 16. In this position, the ammunition receiving chamber 12 'is located opposite the outlet orifice of a tube 17, or tubular ammunition magazine, adjacent to the barrel 9; this tube 17 is provided with a spring 18, which puts pressure on an ammunition impeller 19 which pushes the ammunition towards the sliding part 12 in the receiving chamber 12 ′, into which an ammunition unit is introduced there at each operation, until the munitions stored in this tube or tubular magazine are used up 17.

 The ammunition booster 19 is provided with an external control 19 ', which projects through a slot 20 in the tubular magazine 17 and which allows it to be moved manually, by compressing its impeller spring 18, to the maximum position manual feeding of a determined number of ammunition units.

 Each time a loading or compression operation of the weapon is completed and the barrel body 1 closes on the body of the weapon 2, by hooking the latch 8, the edge of the sliding part 12 enters in contact with the compression chamber 6 by pressing vigorously on it, which causes its automatic displacement by compressing the springs 13. and 13 ', until the housing 12', carrying a unit of ammunition, either facing the barrel 9 in the firing position.

 All the operations described above are carried out automatically in a short time, so that, when the weapon opens for air intake or to band the spring of the compressor piston, the ammunition is already ready in the loader part 12 in the firing position.

 The closure of the barrel-chamber assembly occurs in two stages, without any solution of continuity, imperceptibly for the user.

 In the accompanying drawings and in the foregoing description, we have referred to an embodiment in which the ammunition magazine 17 is placed adjacent to the barrel 9, below the latter; which supposes that the displacement of the sliding piece 12 is upward and downward I1 is also possible that the tubular magazine of ammunition is placed adjacent and laterally to the barrel, so that the supposed displacement of the sliding piece 12, which feeds the barrel 9, also on the side, in order to place the latter facing the barrel, by positioning the springs 13 and 13 'as they should, to obtain the automatic impulse of the part when it is aligned with the magazine tubular ammunition 17, as soon as the opening of the latter occurs.

 Naturally, the details, the proportions, the number of elements, the arrangement and the arrangement thereof, to which reference has been made in the course of this description, have been given only by way of illustrative examples if they They may therefore vary according to the concrete characteristics of the weapon to which this ammunition loading system has been applied; and, of course, we can make improvements and simplifications, provided that this does not distort the essence of what has been exposed.

Claims (11)

 1) Automatic system for supplying ammunition and loading compressed air weapons, characterized in that the loading of the compression chamber (6) is obtained by means of a series of relative movements between the body of barrel (1), acting as a loading lever, and the weapon body (2) in which is housed, articulated relative thereto, the compression chamber (6) so that their gyratory or angular movement is possible around a hinge axis (3), said movement simultaneously causing the displacement, between two determined positions, of a sliding part (12) which provides automatic feeding of the barrel (9), thus providing, for each operation, an ammunition unit from a tubular magazine (17) juxtaposed with the barrel (9) of the weapon.  2) Automatic system for supplying ammunition and loading compressed air weapons, according to claim 1 / characterized in that the barrel body (1) is respectively articulated with respect to the weapon body (2) and the rod (4 ') of the piston (4) by means of axes (3 and 5) one of which (5) is placed at the end of said rod (4') of the compression piston (4 ), axially placed in the compression chamber (6), housed in the weapon body (2) and articulated relative to the latter at the end opposite to that of its articulation (3) relative to the barrel body (1), which, acting as a loading lever arm, is, in the rest position, kept closed on the weapon body (1) by means of a suitable lock (8).  3) Automatic ammunition supply system and loading of compressed air weapons, according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that, when the bolt (8) is released, the barrel body (1) or arm of loading is actuated manually, according to a gyration which drives the compression piston (4), which, while moving in a rectilinear way in the compression chamber (6), obliges this latter to carry out a gyration compared to the body of weapon (2) to which it is connected by a joint.  4) Automatic system for supplying ammunition and loading compressed air weapons, according to claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the maximum travel of the loading arm, or the maximum opening of the barrel body ( 1), is determined by the length of the rod (4 ') of the piston (4).  5) Automatic system of ammunition supply and loading of compressed air weapons, according to claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the maximum travel of the loading arm or the maximum opening of the barrel body (1 ) is limited by a stop.  6) Automatic system of supply of ammunition and loading of compressed air weapons, according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading arm may consist of an element independent of the barrel body (1).  7) Automatic system for supplying ammunition and loading compressed air weapons, according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding part (12) provided with a chamber (12 ') for an ammunition unit, is capable of moving linearly in the barrel body (1), between two positions I determined automatically, each time the weapon is loaded, so that in one of these positions the chamber (12 ') of the sliding part (12) is aligned with the outlet orifice of a tubular magazine (17) of ammunition and that, in the other position, the chamber (12 ') of said part (12) is aligned with the barrel (9), to which she brings a ready-to-fire ammunition unit.  8) Automatic supply system for ammunition and loading of compressed air weapons, according to claims 1 and 7, characterized in that the linear movement of the sliding part (12), between two determined positions, is ensured by springs (13 and 13 ') bearing against the internal wall of the barrel body (1) and housed in cavities (14 and 14'-) produced in the sliding part (12)> whose stroke is limited by shoulders ( 15 and 15 ') carried by the latter and by stops (16 and 16'), integral with the barrel body (1), ensuring the alignment of the chamber (12 ') of the sliding part (12) with the 'outlet of the tubular magazine (17).  9) Automatic system of ammunition supply and loading of compressed air weapons, according to claims 1, 7 and 8, characterized in that when the weapon is closed, the sliding part (12) is strongly supported on the compression chamber (6), thus ensuring the closing of the barrel body (1) on the weapon body (2) by means of a bolt (8)> preferably actuated by means of a button or blower (10)> and of an expansion plate (11) so that, in this closed position, the springs (13 and 13 ') housed in the sliding part (12) being compressed, the chamber (12 ') of the part (12) is located in alignment with the barrel (9) of the weapon.  10) Automatic system of ammunition supply and loading of compressed air weapons, according to claims 1, 7 9 8 or 9, characterized in that the tubular magazine (17) is placed adjacent to the barrel (9) and is provided with a spring (18) bearing against an ammunition impeller (19), which pushes the ammunition: towards the sliding part (12) arranged transversely with respect to the tubular magazine (17) against the outlet orifice of this, in order to ensure the introduction of an ammunition unit into the chamber (12 ') of said sliding part (12.) during each maneuver; the said ammunition booster (19) being provided with a control (19 '), projecting through a slot (20) of the tubular magazine (17) allowing the normal recoil of the said impeller (19) for the introduction of ammunition inside the tubular magazine (17).  11) Automatic system of ammunition supply and loading of compressed air weapons, according to claims 1 and 7, characterized in that the tubular magazine (17) of ammunition is placed adjacent and laterally to the barrel (9), which is supplied via a sliding part whose displacement is lateral so that it is located in front of the barrel, arranging the springs adequately to obtain the automatic impulse) in position aligned with the tubular magazine of ammunition , from the start of the opening of the armed, during a new loading operation thereof.