EP0662842A1 - Makrozyklische chilatbildner, chelaten und konjugate desselben - Google Patents

Makrozyklische chilatbildner, chelaten und konjugate desselben

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Publication number
EP0662842A1
EP0662842A1 EP93912231A EP93912231A EP0662842A1 EP 0662842 A1 EP0662842 A1 EP 0662842A1 EP 93912231 A EP93912231 A EP 93912231A EP 93912231 A EP93912231 A EP 93912231A EP 0662842 A1 EP0662842 A1 EP 0662842A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chelating agent
polyaza
chelate
activated
hydrogen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP93912231A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Roberta C. Cheng
William A. Fordyce
William J. Kruper, Jr.
George R. Litwinski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dow Chemical Co
Original Assignee
Dow Chemical Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dow Chemical Co filed Critical Dow Chemical Co
Publication of EP0662842A1 publication Critical patent/EP0662842A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
    • C07F9/6524—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having four or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K51/00—Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo
    • A61K51/02—Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo characterised by the carrier, i.e. characterised by the agent or material covalently linked or complexing the radioactive nucleus
    • A61K51/04—Organic compounds
    • A61K51/0474—Organic compounds complexes or complex-forming compounds, i.e. wherein a radioactive metal (e.g. 111In3+) is complexed or chelated by, e.g. a N2S2, N3S, NS3, N4 chelating group
    • A61K51/0482—Organic compounds complexes or complex-forming compounds, i.e. wherein a radioactive metal (e.g. 111In3+) is complexed or chelated by, e.g. a N2S2, N3S, NS3, N4 chelating group chelates from cyclic ligands, e.g. DOTA
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K51/00—Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo
    • A61K51/02—Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo characterised by the carrier, i.e. characterised by the agent or material covalently linked or complexing the radioactive nucleus
    • A61K51/04—Organic compounds
    • A61K51/08—Peptides, e.g. proteins, carriers being peptides, polyamino acids, proteins
    • A61K51/10—Antibodies or immunoglobulins; Fragments thereof, the carrier being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. a camelised human single domain antibody or the Fc fragment of an antibody
    • A61K51/1093—Antibodies or immunoglobulins; Fragments thereof, the carrier being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. a camelised human single domain antibody or the Fc fragment of an antibody conjugates with carriers being antibodies
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D257/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having four nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D257/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having four nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
    • C07F9/6515—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2123/00—Preparations for testing in vivo

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for preparing isothiocyanato functionalized macrocyclic chelating agents and to a process for conjugating the macrocyclic chelating agents to biological molecules.
  • Metal ions may be attached to biological molecules by means of bifunctional chelating agents.
  • Such chelating agents are compounds which contain a metal-binding moiety which forms a chelate with metal ions and a second functional group, which is chemically o reactive in nature and is capable of forming a covalent bond with biological molecules.
  • the reactive functionality is usually one of the various known useful chemically reactive groups such as bromoacetyl group, a diazonium ion, an isothiocyanate or a carboxylic acid derivative, the reactive functionalities being capable of binding to an amino acid of a protein (e.g., the lysine moiety of an antibody).
  • the biological molecules usually recognize distinctive external or 5 internal cell markers and, thus, act as target directing groups for the metal ion.
  • radionuclide chelates of such antibody/chelating agent conjugates are useful in diagnostic and/or therapeutic applications as a means of conveying the radionuclide to a cancer or tumor cell. See, for example, 0 Meares et al., Anal. Biochem., 2, 68-78 (1984); and Krejcarek et al., Biochem. and Biophys. Res. Comm., 77, 581-585 (1977).
  • EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
  • DTPA diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid
  • conjugates When using short-lived radionuclides, it is desirable to chelate the radionuclide to the target directing group as close as possible to the time of injection into the patient to provide maximum specific radioactivity and minimum degradation of the 0 radioimmunoglobulin.
  • chelating agents such as EDTA and DTPA
  • the rapid sequestration of metal ions by these chelating agents allows the preparation of the radionuclide/antibody/chelating agent conjugates (referred to herein as conjugates) to be prepared by activating the chelating agent, reacting the chelating agent with an antibody and then chelating the radionuclide to form a complex followed by purification of the complex.
  • chelating agents such as EDTA and DTPA rapidly chelate the radionuclide, they suffer from the disadvantage that such binding is kinetically labile.
  • the use of labile radionuclides for antibody labeling in this manner allows substitutionally labile trace metals (which may not be radioactive) to be incorporated into the chelate. Competition for such non-active trace metals diminishes the biological efficacy of the antibody/chelate complex since a lower quantity of radionuclide is delivered to the target site-
  • chelating agents such as EDTA and DTPA
  • DOTA dihydroxy-3-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoe)
  • DOTA macrocyclic ligands
  • Patent 4,885,363 discloses chelating gadolinium to a tetraazamacrocycle containing tertiary amines priorto activating with an isothiocyanate functional group. Using this procedure for preparation of metal chelate-protein conjugates to be used in radioimmunotherapy or radiodiagnostics requires the formation of the chelate, activation of the chelate and then conjugation of the activated chelate to an antibody in a short period of time to avoid a substantial loss in activity-
  • the present invention provides a chromatographic process for prevention of extraneous metal ion incorporation in a macrocyclic chelating agent during purification.
  • the process is advantageous over existing procedures in that multigram quantities of macrocyclic chelating agent free of divalent cations can be produced and purified in a single unit operation.
  • the invention also provides a process for preparing isothiocyanate compounds which comprises reacting thiophosgene with a polyaza chelating agent in an aqueous environment in the absence of an organic solvent to form an isothiocyanato derivatized polyaza chelating agent, wherein the polyaza chelating agent is of the formula
  • each Q is independently hydrogen, (CHR5) p C0 2 R or (CHR5) p P0 3 H 2 ;
  • Q1 is hydrogen or (CHR5) W C0 2 R; each R independently is hydrogen, benzyl or C ⁇ -C alkyl; with the proviso that at I east two of the sum of Q and Q 1 must be other than hydrogen; each R5 independently is hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl or -(C**-C 2 alkyl)phenyl;
  • R2 and R 4 are independently hydrogen, oramino
  • the present invention also describes a process for preparing a conjugate which comprises reacting an isothiocyanato activated chelate with an antibody at between 25°Cand 40°C; wherein the chelate is a chelating agent complexed with a metal ion, the chelating agent is as described in Formula I and the metal ion is i53Sm, 166H0, ⁇ ?5Yb, 177 Lu, i59Gd, nOLa, i 42 Pr,
  • the current invention also provides an improved process forformation of a chelate-antibody conjugate wherein the improvement comprises contacting the chelate with an antibody at 25°C to about 40°C.
  • the present invention provides an improved process to prepare polyaza metal conjugates.
  • the present invention is a process for preparing conjugates having at least the steps of:
  • step (d) contacting the isothiocyanato activated polyaza chelate with a biological molecule to form a conjugate; the improvement which comprises: in step (a): purifying the polyaza chelating agent by chromatography on a silica gel column, wherein the silica gel has been acid washed priorto loading the polyaza chelating agent onto the column; in step (b): contacting the purified polyaza chelating agent with thiophosgene in an aqueous environment in the absence of an organic solvent at a pH from 1 to 5; and in step (d) contacting the isothiocyanato activated polyaza metal chelate with a biological molecule at between 25°Cto 40°C
  • the terms "chelating agent” or "ligand” mean a compound capable of chelating or sequestering a metal ion.
  • chelate means a chelating agent which has sequestered a metal ion.
  • bifunctional chelating agent refers to compounds that have a moiety capable of chelating a metal ion and a linker/spacer moiety covalently bonded to the chelating moiety that is capable of being activated or functionalized to serve as a means to covalently attach to a biological molecule.
  • biological molecule refers to any protein, antibody, antibody fragment, hormone, antigen or hapten which functions to recognize a specific biological target site.
  • a biological molecule when attached to a functionalized chelate, serves to carry the attached metal ion to specific targeted tissues.
  • the biological material is an antibody or antibody fragment.
  • antibody refers to any polyclonal, monoclonal, chimeric antibody, heteroantibody, or recombinant or derivative thereof, preferably a monoclonal antibody.
  • antibody fragment includes Fab fragments and F(ab') 2 fragments and any portion of an antibody, including recombinants and derivatives thereof, having specificity toward a desired epitope or epitopes.
  • the antibody fragments may be produced by conventional enzymatic methods or by genetic or protein engineering techniques, such as the production of single chain antibodies.
  • activated or “activating” in relation to a chelating agent means the chelating agent has been modified with a functional group which is capable of forming a covalent bond with a biological molecule.
  • conjugate refers to a complex of a biological material attached to a bifunctional chelating agent or bifunctional chelate.
  • antibody/chelate conjugate refers to an antibody which is covalently attached to a bifunctional chelate
  • the bifunctional chelating agent having a chelated metal ion (i.e., the bifunctional chelating agent having a chelated metal ion).
  • the present invention provides a process for reducing extraneous metal ions, specifically calcium ions (Ca +), during the purification of macrocyclic chelating agents by flash chromatography using silica gel. It has been found that commercially available silica gel used to purify the macrocyclic chelating agents unexpectedly contains a source of undesired metal ions, particularly divalent cations such as calcium, which become tightly bound to the chelating agent during purification. The washing of the silica gel with a strong mineral acid, such as hydrochloric, nitric, sulfuric, perchloric or hydrobromic, prior to use substantially reduces the amount of undesired metal ions bound to the chelating agent during the purification process.
  • a strong mineral acid such as hydrochloric, nitric, sulfuric, perchloric or hydrobromic
  • the mineral acid used to wash the silica gel is hydrochloric acid.
  • Procedures for o washing silica gel with a strong acid to remove impurities are known in the art, see, for example, Ralph K. Her, The Chemistry of Silica, John Wiley & Sons (1979).
  • the elimination of undesired metal ions from the macrocyclic chelating agents during the initial purification results in several advantages in the subsequent steps for forming a conjugate.
  • the elimination of undesired bound metal ions from the macrocyclic chelating 5 agents allows rapid chelation of the desired metal ions at room temperature as opposed to heating or long reaction times required to displace the calcium.
  • the ability to perform the chelation step at room temperature, rather than at temperatures which would destroy the functionalizing group, allows the activation of the macrocyclic bifunctional chelating agent priorto chelation of the metal ion.
  • the ability to functionalize the macrocyclic chelating agent 0 priorto chelation of the metal ion is particularly advantageous as the activated chelating agent can be synthesized, stored and then sequestration of the metal ion performed shortly before conjugation to the biological material.
  • the metal ion is a radionuclide with a half life of 10 days or less, as a significant amount of radiolysis can occur during the time necessary for functionalizing the chelate, conjugation, and purification of the 5 products from each step.
  • Preclusion of undesired metal ions is particularly important in insuring rapid uptake of radioactive metals of the lanthanide (111) series.
  • the ability to rapidly chelate the radionuclide after activation of the chelating agent also allows for simpler and more efficient purification procedures to be used in preparation of the conjugate.
  • the present process for purifying bifunctional chelating agents can be used for many classes of ligands including any tri to hexa -(carboxylated), -(phosphonomet ylated), or -(phosphinomethylated) polyazamacrocycle where the polyazamacrocycle has 3 to 6 nitrogens in the ring and the total number of atoms in the ring is 9 to 24 atoms.
  • aminocarboxylic acid chelating agents aminophosphonic chelating agents and polyaza 5 chelating agents containing secondary and tertiary amines.
  • Preferred polyazamacrocyclic chelating agents are of the formula
  • each Q is independently hydrogen, (CHR5) p C0 2 R or (CHR5) p P0 3 H 2 ;
  • Q 1 is hydrogen or (CHR5) W C0 2 R; each R independently is hydrogen, benzyl or C1-C 4 alkyl; with the proviso thatthat at least two of the sum of Q and Q 1 must be other than hydrogen; each R5 independently is hydrogen, C C 4 alkyl or -(C C 2 alkyl)phenyl;
  • X and Y are each independently hydrogen or may be taken with an adjacent X and Y to form an additional carbon-carbon bond;
  • n is O or l;
  • m is an integer from Oto 10 inclusive;
  • p 1 or 2;
  • r 0 or 1;
  • w 0 or1; with the proviso that n is only 1 when X and/or Y form an additional carbon-carbon bond, and the sum of r and w is 0 or 1 ;
  • R 2 and R 4 are independently hydrogen, n ⁇ tro, amino or carboxyl
  • R2 is C* ⁇ -C 4 alkoxy, -OCH 2 C0 2 H, hydroxy or hydrogen; with the proviso that R 2 and R 4 cannot both be hydrogen but one of R 2 and R 4 must be hydrogen.
  • Preferred amines of the polyaza chelating agents of Formula I are tertiary amines, preferably where r is 0 and each Q is (CHR5) p C0 2 R-
  • I A is 1-(4-aminophenyl)-1,4,7,t0-tetra- azacy ododecane-l,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid;
  • r B is 1-[2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl] -1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-
  • I C is 1-[2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl]-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-
  • I D is 1-(5-amino-2-methoxybenzyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane- - 1 ,4,7, 10-tetraacetic acid
  • I E is 1-(5-amino-2-hydroxybenzyl)-1 ,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-
  • I F is 1-[2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyI] -1, 4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane- -1-(R,S,-acetic-4,7,10-tris-(S-methylacetic) acid, the preparation of which is given in European Patent Publication No. 0420942, published April 10, 1991.
  • the preparation of IA-IE isgiven in European Patent Publication No. 0353450, published February 7, 1990, and European Patent Publication No. 0420942, published April 10,
  • Aminophosphonic acid derivatives of ligands can be prepared by a number of known synthetic techniques. Of particular importance is the reaction of a compound containing at least one reactive amine hydrogen with a carbonyl compound (aldehyde or ketone) and phosphorous acid or derivative thereof. [See the procedure of Moeoritzer and Irani, J. Org.
  • the polyaza chelating agents of the present invention purified by flash chromatography on acid washed silica gel can be activated with any of the known functional groups capable of forming a covalent bond with a biological molecule- Examples of such functional groups are isothiocyanate, bromoacetamide, male ⁇ mide, imidoester, thiophthalamide, diazonium and carboxyl.
  • the use of polyaza chelating agents which are essentially free of undesired metal ions are particularly important when using functionalizing groups which are pH and/or thermally unstable, such as isothiocyanate.
  • the activating functional groups are located at positions R 2 or R 4 of Formula I on the macrocyclic chelating agent.
  • the reaction of the thiophosgene with the chelating agent is at a pH from 1 to 7.
  • the pH is from 1 to 5. More preferably, the pH is from 1 to 3.
  • the reaction between the chelating agent and thiophosgene is preferably carried out in an aqueous environment having an acid concentration of from about 0.005 to about 0.5 normal (N), preferably 0.01 to 0.2 N.
  • the acid can be any mineral acid, preferably hydrochloric acid.
  • the reaction between the chelating agent and thiophosgene in a dilute acid with vigorous mixing and excess thiophosgene is very fast and usually complete in less than 5 minutes at room temperature (15 c Cto 25°C). Higher or lower temperatures can be used (e.g., 0°Cto 50°C) but room temperature is preferred-
  • the amount of excess thiophosgene added to the mixture depends on the concentration of the polyaza chelating agent- The lower the concentration of chelating agent, the larger the excess of thiophosgene to insure the rapid and complete conversion of amine to isothiocyanate. For example, if the concentration of chelating agent is 10" 3 M, the ratio of thiophosgene to chelating agent is 5-20: 1. If the concentration of chelating agent is 10" 8 M, the ratio of thiophosgene to chelating agent is several thousand times larger (i.e., 10 5 : 1 ).
  • the excess thiophosgene is removed by conventional techniques such as evaporation, chromatography or extraction- Rapid mixing of thiophosgene with the aqueous solution may be accomplished using conventional equipment known to those in the art which is capable of producing sufficient shear to produce dispersion of the thiophosgene within the aqueous solution.
  • Illustrative of such mixing means is the use of a Waring blender for large scale preparations and with a MixxorTM type mixer available from Alltech Inc., for smaller scale preparations.
  • the obtained purity of the isothiocyanato activated chelating agent is about 90 to about 95 percent as measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
  • the activated chelating agent is placed in contact with a metal ion to form the chelating agent/metal ion chelate.
  • a metal ion whether a radioactive metal ion or not, can be used which is sequestered by the chelating agent, the chelates formed should have reasonable stability such that the metal complex is not readily disassociated. Radionuclides are preferred because of the use of the resulting products in a radiopharmaceutical drug for therapy and/or diagnosis.
  • radioactive isotopes are those of samarium (Sm-153), holmium (Ho-166), ytterbium (Yb-175), lutetium (Lu-177), gadolinium (Gd-159), lanthanum (La-140), praseodymium (Pr-142), promethium (Pm-149). yttrium (Y-90) and indium (ln-1 1 1).
  • Radionuclides can be produced in several ways. In a nuclear reactor a nuclide is bombarded with neutrons to obtain a radionuclide, e.g.,
  • Another method of obtaining radionuclides is to bombard nuclides with particles produced by a linear accelerator or a cyclotron. Yet another way is to isolate the radionuclide from a mixture of fission products.
  • the method of obtaining the nuclides employed in the present invention is not critical thereto.
  • the radionuclides can be complexed with the bifunctional chelating agent by adding the bifunctional chelating agent to a solution of the radionuclide.
  • Chelates form readily upon mixing in an aqueous solution at a pH of 1 to 10.
  • the reaction is carried out in a medium having a pH of 1 to 7 and more preferably 5 to 7.
  • Ambienttemperatures of about 10°C to 40°C can be readily employed for metal ion chelation.
  • the amount of metal ion employed may be from trace amounts to an amount in excess of equimolarwith the chelate.
  • the formation of the chelate occurs at room temperature, between 15°C to 25°C.
  • Chelation proceeds rapidly and yields of about 90 percent and greater as measured by high performance liquid chromatography are obtained when using a chelating agent which has been initially purified on substantially calcium free silica gel and activated with thiophosgene priorto chelation of the desired metal ion.
  • the ability to rapidly form chelates over a wide pH range is advantageous to obtain a high chelation yield of the desired metal ion.
  • yields are variable due to the pH sensitive nature of the displacement reaction. Displacement of the calcium ion requires running the reaction at a pH sufficiently low to displace the calcium, yet the pH cannot be too low as to adversely affect the chelation of the desired metal ion. Utilizing the procedure of the present invention allows the chelating reaction to proceed with high yields over a broad pH range-
  • the ability to activate the chelating agent priorto forming the chelate and the rapid formation of the chelate with a high yield also has the advantage in that it reduces the purification necessary priorto the conjugation step-
  • the metal ion is chelated prior to activation using thiophosgene, it is necessary to extract the u ⁇ reacted thiophosgene with an organic solvent and then purify the chelate priorto conjugation-
  • the low concentration of the chelate in the elution volume obtained after purification using an ion exchange column necessitates concentrating the chelate prior to conjugation.
  • the activated chelate can be rapidly purified by column chromatography and the eluent used directly, without concentration, in the conjugation step.
  • the bifunctional chelate is preferably conjugated to a biological molecule which carries outa specific target function.
  • the biomolecule is a monoclonal antibody or fragmentthereof which is specific against a selected cell-surface target site. Such antibodies may be commercially available or may be made by standard somatic cell hybridization techniques.
  • a suitable monoclonal antibody is CC49, one of a series of monoclonal antibodies specific for TAG-72 (tumor associated glycoprotein) described in published PCT Application No- WO 89/00692, on January 26, 1989, and published PCT application WO 90/04410, on May 3, 1990.
  • the chelate and protein are mixed in a molar ratio of greaterthan 1 :10 and less than about 100: 1 depending on the protein and protein concentration. Ratios of 0.5:1 to 4:1 are preferred.
  • Methods for conjugating thiocyanate der ⁇ vatized chelates to antibodies are well known inthe art. The procedure generally involves reacting the functionalized chelating agent or chelate with the antibody from 2 to 18 hours in an aqueous buffered solution at pH 6-10 at room temperature.
  • the increase in purity of the chelate obtained by the process of the present invention allows the chelate to be conjugated to a biological material, preferably a protein, at temperatures from 25°Cto 40°C, preferably 30 c Cto 40°C, to obtain a protein/chelate containing an activity from 0.5 millicuries to 30 millicuries ermg protein without the expected increase in degradation of the chelate activated group (i.e., hydrolysis of the isothiocyanate) or protein.
  • a biological material preferably a protein
  • BFC bifunctional chelating agent.
  • PA-DOTA 1-[2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl]-1,4,7,10-
  • Mass spectra (fast atom bombardment with xenon) were obtained on a Vacuum Generators ZAB HS mass spectrometer. Samples for mass spectral analysis were prepared by dissolution in a 3: 1 mixture of dithiothreito dithioerythritol (magic bullet) unless otherwise 0 stated.
  • Example 2 To 100 mLof 0.01 M hydrochloric acid was added 250 mg of calcium free PA-H 2 (NH 4 ) 2 DOTA (0.448 millimoles, 2 of the carboxylated groups are protonated and 2 of the carboxylated groups are ammonium salts) as prepared in Example 1 , and the solution placed in a 40-oz. Waring blender. Thiophosgene (170 microliters, 2.23 millimoles) was added and the blender quickly started. After 2 minutes of mixing, the mixture was added to a separatory funnel and excess thiophosgene was extracted with three 50 mL portions of chloroform.
  • NH 4 ) 2 DOTA 0.448 millimoles, 2 of the carboxylated groups are protonated and 2 of the carboxylated groups are ammonium salts
  • the aqueous layer was added to 100 mL of acetonitrile and the solution reduced to dryness on a rotary evaporator (fitted with a vacuum pump) at room temperature.
  • the solid obtained was furtherdried for2 hoursat roomtemperature on avacuum line.
  • the yield was 321 mg (90 percent yield) of an off-white sol id.
  • the 7 Lu(SCN-PA-DOTA)] ' complex was purified by placing the sample on a PRP- 1 mini-clean'" column (80 ⁇ L) which had been pretreated with 800 ⁇ L acetonitrile, 400 ⁇ L of water and 800 ⁇ L 10 percent by volume acetonitrile in 20 mM carbonate buffer, pH 9.5. After loading the complex onto the column, the reaction vial was rinsed with a 200 ⁇ L and then a 600 ⁇ L volume of 10 percent acetonitrile in carbonate buffer, the washes also being placed on the column. The complex was then eluted from the column using a 1 :2 ratio of carbonate buffer (20 mM. pH 9.5): acetonitrile. Approximately 80 percent of the radioactivity was recovered in the second 50 ⁇ L elution volume.
  • Example 4 Conjugation of p 7 Lu(SCN-PA-DOTA)]- With IgG CC49 at Room Temperature (21-22°C)
  • IgG CC49 14.5 mg/mL in 50 mM carbonate buffer, pH 9.5
  • _u(SCN-PA-DOTA)]' prepared as described above, giving a BF antibody molar ratio of about 1.36.
  • the activated chelate and antibody solution was mixed on a vortex mixer for about 10 seconds and allowed to stand at room temperature for approximately 2 hours with mixing about every 10 to 15 minutes.
  • the disappearance of the P 77 Lu(SCN-PA-DOTA)]- was measured by HPLC.

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EP93912231A 1992-04-13 1993-04-13 Makrozyklische chilatbildner, chelaten und konjugate desselben Ceased EP0662842A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US86807892A 1992-04-13 1992-04-13
US868078 1992-04-13
PCT/US1993/003483 WO1993020852A2 (en) 1992-04-13 1993-04-13 Macrocyclic chelating agents, chelates and conjugates thereof

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EP (1) EP0662842A1 (de)
JP (1) JPH07505886A (de)
AU (1) AU694074B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2117775A1 (de)
NO (1) NO943847L (de)
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NZ595758A (en) * 2003-04-15 2013-02-22 Algeta As Thorium-227 for use in radiotherapy of soft tissue disease
US20090208421A1 (en) 2008-02-19 2009-08-20 Dominique Meyer Process for preparing a pharmaceutical formulation of contrast agents
JP5376130B2 (ja) * 2009-03-24 2013-12-25 独立行政法人日本原子力研究開発機構 抗体標識が可能な無担体１７７Ｌｕの分離精製法
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AU4285093A (en) 1993-11-18
AU2856397A (en) 1997-10-30
WO1993020852A3 (en) 1993-11-25
CA2117775A1 (en) 1993-10-28
SG52470A1 (en) 1998-09-28
AU677006B2 (en) 1997-04-10
NO943847D0 (no) 1994-10-12
JPH07505886A (ja) 1995-06-29
WO1993020852A2 (en) 1993-10-28
AU694074B2 (en) 1998-07-09
NO943847L (no) 1994-10-12

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