EP0658317A2 - Rod-shaped smoking article - Google Patents
Rod-shaped smoking article Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0658317A2 EP0658317A2 EP94115638A EP94115638A EP0658317A2 EP 0658317 A2 EP0658317 A2 EP 0658317A2 EP 94115638 A EP94115638 A EP 94115638A EP 94115638 A EP94115638 A EP 94115638A EP 0658317 A2 EP0658317 A2 EP 0658317A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tobacco
- weight
- product according
- smoking product
- smoking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 199
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims abstract description 194
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000021384 green leafy vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 239000001508 potassium citrate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229960002635 potassium citrate Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium citrate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 2
- 235000011082 potassium citrates Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 235000015424 sodium Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 101000651310 Desulfitobacterium hafniense (strain Y51) Trigger factor 2 Proteins 0.000 description 10
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000019506 cigar Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000856 Amylose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010013911 Dysgeusia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000012898 Olfaction disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 gums Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/12—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of reconstituted tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/12—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of reconstituted tobacco
- A24B15/14—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of reconstituted tobacco made of tobacco and a binding agent not derived from tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
- A24D1/02—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a rod-shaped smoking product with a strand-shaped core made from shredded smoking tobacco, which is surrounded by a jacket made of tobacco foils produced by a paper manufacturing process.
- Such a smoking product is known, for example, from EP-A-0 495 567, the tobacco foil, which is also referred to as a sheet of reconstituted tobacco, having been produced by a paper production process in accordance with US-A-4,182,349.
- stems of the tobacco plant, tobacco ribs and other tobacco components that cannot be used in cigarette production, in particular very fine fractions but also tobacco leaves, are defibrated and mixed or washed out with, for example, heated water or other aqueous liquids of certain temperatures, after which the sieve device is used to filter them the water-containing extract extract is withdrawn;
- the cellulose constituents are optionally repeated after further intermediate stages such as homogenization Sieving or cleaning, together with fillers and other additives, are added to the sieve of a paper production device after further intermediate stages.
- the concentrated tobacco extract is applied to the raw film thus obtained and this is processed into the final tobacco film.
- tobacco foils produced according to such an extract process have so far been used in small chunks for stretching smoking tobacco in cigarettes or cigarillos, primarily using the fines and ribs which are unsuitable for cigarette manufacture as a smokable material.
- tobacco foils of this type were used as cover sheets for cigarillos because of their uniform structure and better mechanical properties.
- tobacco foils as a binder or cover sheet for smoking products is problematic for many reasons, because the tobacco foils are inadequate in terms of sensors due to the tobacco starting material and / or because of the darker color they are not appealing to the consumer. Numerous attempts have been made to overcome these disadvantages, for example by enzymatically processing the extract. Such measures have so far been unsuccessful and have also resulted in products that do not meet legal requirements. In addition, there were considerable difficulties with the required properties of such tobacco films with regard to their tear resistance, their water resistance or saliva resistance or very generally with regard to their smoking properties, such as porosity, burning behavior, ash content and in particular with regard to the smoke aroma familiar from the consumer.
- the tobacco film is obtained essentially from ribs and fine fractions by the extraction paper process, the extract obtained by this paper production process being reduced in order to reduce secondary smoke, only in a limited amount, namely not more than 20% by weight .% (based on the weight of the tobacco foil) should be applied again.
- the taste quality or aroma of such a product leaves something to be desired.
- the invention is based on the object of proposing a novel smoking product of the type mentioned at the outset which once satisfies the typical flavor expected by the smoker, which until now could not be achieved by tobacco wrapped smoke products, and which on the other hand improves the quality of the secondary smoke.
- a smoke product encased in this way is proposed, in which the casing formed from tobacco foils is designed with regard to the physical characteristics of the foil so that the smoke product can be produced economically on conventional cigarette or cigarillo production systems and thus meet the requirements with regard to tensile strength and elongation such jacket production fulfilled, with the glow rate and porosity allow control of the smoke supply.
- a smoking product which is designed according to the main claim, particularly preferred embodiments being set out in the subclaims.
- the use of smoking products as novel plug-in cigarillos is also proposed.
- the tobacco foils for the cover sheet ie the outer wrapping of the rod-shaped smoke product
- the tobacco wrapper of the topsheet is fed or returned considerably more tobacco extract than the binder.
- tobacco foil In total, the jacket of the rod-shaped smoking product consisting of two layers contains a tobacco extract amount of more than 20% by weight, based on the dry substance.
- the tobacco film produced by the paper manufacturing process according to TF-1 consists of 75 to 100% by weight essentially of (a) tobacco cellulose and (b) tobacco extract consisting of tobacco components.
- the tobacco cellulose is obtained from a shredded leaf or cut tobacco mixture, from tobacco greens (scrap), from tobacco stems and from tobacco stem material, the aroma-intensive components, namely the leaf tobacco mixture and the tobacco greens having a particle size of about 1 to 5 and preferably 1 , 5 to 4 mm on the one hand and the components which are more determining for the cellulose content, namely tobacco rib material on the other hand, are present in a weight ratio of 1: 1.1 to 1: 5.
- the tobacco extract is made from a shredded leaf or cut tobacco mixture and received tobacco rib material.
- the tobacco films up to 20% by weight and preferably 8 to 14% by weight of foreign cellulose such as softwood, hemp or flax cellulose are used to produce the tobacco films. If the tobacco cellulose comes wholly or partly from tobacco stalks, the proportion of foreign cellulose can be reduced accordingly without impairing the physical properties of the tobacco film.
- foreign cellulose such as softwood, hemp or flax cellulose
- the tobacco material required to produce the tobacco foil consists of a high-quality cut tobacco mixture, for example a mixture of Virginia tobacco, Burley tobacco, Orient tobacco and blowing ribs from Virginia -Tobacco exists.
- the proportion of tobacco rib material required to produce the tobacco film is somewhat higher, which is necessary in view of the physical properties of the tobacco cellulose.
- the ratio of leaf or cut tobacco mixture to tobacco stem or tobacco stem material should not exceed a value of 1: 5, since otherwise the flavor-determined smoking properties of the tobacco foil are adversely affected. If necessary, however, this can be compensated for by adding tobacco flavors during the last step of the film production process.
- the extract is applied to the cellulose material obtained in this process in an amount of more than 20% by weight of the tobacco foil. If the extract contains an increased proportion of a lamina tobacco extract, the aroma components required for the final smoking product are enriched.
- This tobacco film manufactured according to another paper manufacturing process consists essentially of lamina tobacco material with regard to its tobacco content. Based on the tobacco film, this is crushed in an amount of 75 to 80% by weight together with 10 to 20% by weight of long-fiber foreign cellulose and, when the cold-water-soluble tobacco extracts are almost completely circulated in the wire section of a paper production plant, is obtained as raw film on this.
- the usual additives that are still required, such as binders, fillers and the agents influencing the burn-off, as well as flavorings, can be added in an amount of up to 15% by weight both when the raw film is produced and later when it is conditioned.
- the tobacco film in its taste-relevant tobacco mixture composition corresponds to the composition of the leaf or cut tobacco mixture of the tobacco inlay or the core of the rod-shaped smoking product. This is on the one hand, to achieve the desired taste - preferably "American blend" - necessary, on the other hand, with regard to a simple, inexpensive manufacture of the rod-shaped smoke product, an advantage overall, since both the casing and the core can be produced with the same tobacco mixture.
- the tobacco mixture composition of the tobacco film can be changed from the mixture composition of the tobacco.
- binders such as methyl cellulose, dextrins, pectins, alginates, starch, gums, amylose, carboxymethyl cellulose, honey, corn syrup or other polysaccharides can be used as additives.
- Calcium carbonate or titanium dioxide for example, can be used as filler.
- Flavorings that can be used later are tobacco flavors or extracts from tobacco mixtures, for example by an on-line loading of the tobacco foils, which are manufactured per se, by means of the loading device from Kaymich (GB) (Kaymich applicator model FDU3 SYSM).
- the flavoring is preferably carried out in alcoholic solution, preferably on the inside of the tobacco foils, in order to avoid undesirable optical effects, over the entire surface or in longitudinal strips.
- This subsequent film flavoring can be carried out both with the tobacco film according to TF-1 and with the tobacco film according to TF-2.
- Table I Technical data of the tobacco films TF-1 and TF-2 general area preferably Elongation in% according to DIN 53112 1 - 1.4 1.15 - 1.3 Porosity according to DIN ISO 2965 in Coresta units 30-200 80-120 Basis weight according to DIN 53104 in g / m2 35-70 45-55 Humidity according to DIN 10252 in% 8-15 8-12 Breaking load according to DIN 53112 in g each 2.54 cm wide at least 1000 1350 - 1600
- the strand-shaped core of shredded smoking tobacco is coated with only one tobacco foil obtained by the TF-1 process.
- the jacket placed around the strand-shaped core consists of one or more layers of tobacco film, both of which have been obtained by the TF-1 process or both by the TF-2 process, although it is preferred to use one layer and in particular to produce the outer layer or cover sheet by the TF-1 process, while the inner layer or cover sheet has been obtained by the TF-2 process.
- the cover sheet that is to say the outermost layer of the jacket formed around the strand-shaped core, is usually arranged in a spiral, while the binder sheet, that is to say the innermost layer of the jacket formed around the strand-shaped core, has an adhesive seam in the axial direction.
- this smoking product should generally have the technical data listed in Table II below: Table II general area preferably Diameter in mm 6 - 9 7.8 - 8.1 length in mm 50-250 55-75 Mass glow rate in mg / min 50-70 60 Packing density of the filling tobacco (core) in mg / cm3 190-270 210-240
- the cutting width of the inlay or filling tobacco preferably has the following values: Average of the mix 2.2 mm Virginia 2.2 mm Orient 2.5 mm Burley 2.0 mm
- the pH of the tobacco foil measured in an aqueous slurry is 7.0.
- the casing or jacket of the smoke product according to the invention can have an end porosity which is greater than 30 and less than 1,000 Coresta units.
- This product can be smoked like a normal cigarillo, but can also be inserted into a conventional cigarette filter sleeve and then smoked.
- the tobacco films of the jacket can also be produced in such a way that the porosity of the jacket formed from the cover sheet and the binder sheet is in a range from 10,000 to 30,000 Coresta units, that is to say has a very high porosity, so that this smoking product is suitable for is not smokable and can only be inserted and smoked as a plug-in cigarillo in customary known pods.
- the rod-shaped smoke product according to the invention which can be smoked per se, can be produced in the length customary for cigarillos; it can with one Filter mouthpiece of the usual type, that is, also provided with a ventilated filter, which is preferably laser-perforated, which takes into account the trend towards the lights-cigarillo.
- the rod-shaped smoke product according to the invention can also be produced in oversized lengths in order to be able to divide it up according to DE PS 42 06 507 depending on smoking habits; it can also be beveled at the end according to DE PS 41 07 027 in order to be able to use it better in corresponding sleeves.
- a rod-shaped smoke product with a single-layer jacket as a cigarillo with a diameter of 8.0 mm and a strand length of 70 mm was produced.
- the tobacco insert or the strand-shaped core consisted of a tobacco mixture with about 1.8% tobacco nicotine and a plug density of 210 mg / cm3, the average cutting width of the core tobacco of 60% by weight of the mixture being 2.2 mm.
- the one-ply casing was a tobacco film glued in the axial direction, which had been obtained by the extraction paper process TF-1.
- Table III cover sheet Porosity in Coresta units 103 Basis weight 47.7 g / m2 extract 27.5% by weight CaCO3 6.3% by weight TiO2 4.4% by weight Sodium acetate 1.6% by weight rib 33.3% by weight Lamina 14.2% by weight Foreign cellulose 12.7% by weight
- a rod-shaped smoke product in the manner of a two-layer cigarillo with a diameter of 8.0 mm and a strand length of 70 mm was produced.
- the tobacco insert (core) again consisted of a tobacco mixture with about 1.8% tobacco nicotine and a plug density of 210 mg / cm3, the average cutting width of 60% by weight of the mixture again being 2.2 mm.
- Both the binder and cover sheet consisted of tobacco films obtained by the extraction paper process "TF-1"; the cover sheet was placed in a spiral at an angle of 30 ° around the binder.
- the physical properties of the cover sheet corresponded to the tobacco film according to Example 1; the tobacco film used as a binder and its composition are listed in Table IV below: Table IV Folder Porosity in Coresta units 76 Basis weight 41.8 g / m2 extract 15.4% by weight CaC03 5.7% by weight Ti02 3.5% by weight Sodium acetate 2.0% by weight rib 42.9% by weight Lamina 16.7% by weight Foreign cellulose 13.8% by weight
- a smoke product was produced analogously to Example 2, but the cover sheet and cover sheet were interchanged.
- a smoke product was produced analogously to Example 2, but with a ventilated (18% filter ventilation) monoacetate filter of 20 mm length and a retention capacity of 36% (retention).
- a smoking product was produced as in Example 2, but the binder was obtained by a paper production process without extract recycling according to TF-2 and had a porosity of 133 Coresta units and a weight of 52 g / m2.
- the tobacco mixture consisted of 100% lamina tobacco. Based on its dry weight, the tobacco film also contained 75% by weight of laminate tobacco in addition to 10% by weight of long-fiber foreign cellulose CaCO 3: 8.0% by weight TiO2: 3.8% by weight Na acetate: 1.8% by weight Extract: 1.4% by weight
- a smoke product was produced analogously to Example 2, wherein however, the cover sheet was produced with a different recipe according to TF-1; the individual values were: porosity 78 Coresta units Weight 48.2 g / m2 extract 29.3% by weight CaCO3 5.8% by weight TiO2 1.7% by weight Na acetate 2.2% by weight Foreign cellulose 15.0% by weight Ribs 27.6% by weight Virginia Lamina 18.4% by weight
- a smoking product was produced analogously to Example 6, but the cover sheet was not produced from tobacco rib material and lamina, but using the appropriate amount, namely 46% by weight of tobacco stalks.
- a smoking product was produced analogously to Example 6, but the tobacco rib fraction of 27.6% by weight was replaced by the same amount of tobacco stalks.
- the smoking product is designed such that the outermost layer of the jacket is shaped as a filter-provided sleeve made of spirally wound and / or sheet-like tobacco foil, which is at least partially glued and has an axial overlap region, into which the tobacco foil is enveloped
- the core of smoking tobacco can be inserted, the inner tobacco film possibly also consisting of several layers.
- the outermost layer or the inner layer or tobacco foil can be highly porous, the respective other layer then being less porous; Mixed forms with regard to porosity can also be carried out as long as an overall smokable product is obtained.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein stabförmiges Rauchprodukt mit einem strangförmigen Kern aus zerkleinertem Rauchtabak, der von einem Mantel aus nach einem Papierherstellungsverfahren hergestellten Tabakfolien umgeben ist.The invention relates to a rod-shaped smoking product with a strand-shaped core made from shredded smoking tobacco, which is surrounded by a jacket made of tobacco foils produced by a paper manufacturing process.
Ein derartiges Rauchprodukt ist beispielsweise aus der EP-A-0 495 567 bekannt, wobei die Tabakfolie, die auch als ein Blatt aus rekonstituiertem Tabak bezeichnet wird, nach einem Papierherstellungsverfahren gemäß US-A-4,182,349 hergestellt worden ist. Bei einem derartigen Verfahren werden grundsätzlich in einer ersten Stufe Stengel der Tabakpflanze, Tabakrippen und andere bei der Cigarettenherstellung nicht verwertbare Tabakbestandteile insbesondere Feinstanteile aber auch Tabakblätter zerfasert und mit beispielsweise erwärmtem Wasser oder anderen wässrigen Flüssigkeiten bestimmter Temperaturen vermischt bzw. ausgewaschen, wonach mittels einer Siebvorrichtung der die wasserlöslichen Bestandteile enthaltende Extrakt abgezogen wird; in einer zweiten Stufe werden die Cellulosebestandteile gegebenenfalls nach weiteren Zwischenstufen wie Homogenisieren, nochmaligem Sieben oder Reinigen, zusammen mit Füllstoffen und anderen Zusätzen nach weiteren Zwischenstufen auf das Sieb einer Papierherstellungsvorrichtung gegeben. Auf die so erhaltene Rohfolie wird der eingeengte Tabak-Extrakt aufgebracht und diese zur endgültigen Tabakfolie verarbeitet.Such a smoking product is known, for example, from EP-A-0 495 567, the tobacco foil, which is also referred to as a sheet of reconstituted tobacco, having been produced by a paper production process in accordance with US-A-4,182,349. With such a method, in a first stage, stems of the tobacco plant, tobacco ribs and other tobacco components that cannot be used in cigarette production, in particular very fine fractions but also tobacco leaves, are defibrated and mixed or washed out with, for example, heated water or other aqueous liquids of certain temperatures, after which the sieve device is used to filter them the water-containing extract extract is withdrawn; in a second stage, the cellulose constituents are optionally repeated after further intermediate stages such as homogenization Sieving or cleaning, together with fillers and other additives, are added to the sieve of a paper production device after further intermediate stages. The concentrated tobacco extract is applied to the raw film thus obtained and this is processed into the final tobacco film.
Die nach derartigen Extrakt-Verfahren hergestellten Tabakfolien wurden bislang einmal in kleingeschnittener Form zur Streckung von Rauchtabak in Cigaretten oder Cigarillos eingesetzt, wobei man in erster Linie die für die Cigarettenherstellung ungeeigneten Feinanteile und Rippen als rauchbares Material einsetzen konnte. Zum anderen wurden derartige Tabakfolien wegen ihrer gleichmäßigen Struktur und besseren mechanischen Eigenschaften als Deckblätter für Cigarillos verwendet.The tobacco foils produced according to such an extract process have so far been used in small chunks for stretching smoking tobacco in cigarettes or cigarillos, primarily using the fines and ribs which are unsuitable for cigarette manufacture as a smokable material. On the other hand, tobacco foils of this type were used as cover sheets for cigarillos because of their uniform structure and better mechanical properties.
Der Einsatz von Tabakfolien als Umblatt oder Deckblatt für Rauchprodukte ist aus vielerlei Gründen problematisch, weil die Tabakfolien aufgrund des Tabakausgangsmaterials sensorisch unzureichend und/oder wegen der dunkleren Färbung für den Verbraucher wenig ansprechend sind. Es sind zahlreiche Versuche unternommen worden, diese Nachteile zu beheben, wie beispielsweise durch enzymatische Aufbereitung des Extraktes. Derartige Maßnahmen waren bislang wenig erfolgreich und führten auch zu Produkten, die gesetzlichen Bestimmungen nicht entsprachen. Darüber hinaus ergaben sich erhebliche Schwierigkeiten hinsichtlich der geforderten Eigenschaften derartiger Tabakfolien hinsichtlich ihrer Reißfestigkeit, ihrer Wasserbeständigkeit bzw. Speichelfestigkeit oder ganz allgemein hinsichtlich ihrer Raucheigenschaften, wie Porosität, Abbrennverhalten, Aschegehalt und insbesondere hinsichtlich des vom Verbraucher gewohnten Raucharomas.The use of tobacco foils as a binder or cover sheet for smoking products is problematic for many reasons, because the tobacco foils are inadequate in terms of sensors due to the tobacco starting material and / or because of the darker color they are not appealing to the consumer. Numerous attempts have been made to overcome these disadvantages, for example by enzymatically processing the extract. Such measures have so far been unsuccessful and have also resulted in products that do not meet legal requirements. In addition, there were considerable difficulties with the required properties of such tobacco films with regard to their tear resistance, their water resistance or saliva resistance or very generally with regard to their smoking properties, such as porosity, burning behavior, ash content and in particular with regard to the smoke aroma familiar from the consumer.
Bei dem vorbekannten Rauchprodukt gemäß EP-A-0 495 567 wird die Tabakfolie nach dem Extraktions-Papierverfahren im wesentlichen aus Rippen und Feinanteilen erhalten, wobei zur Reduzierung von Nebenrauch der nach diesem Papierherstellungsverfahren erhaltene Extrakt nur in einer begrenzten Menge, nämlich nicht über 20 Gew.% (bezogen auf das Gewicht der Tabakfolie) wieder aufgebracht werden soll. Demzufolge läßt die geschmackliche Qualität oder das Aroma eines derartigen Produktes zu wünschen übrig.In the previously known smoking product according to EP-A-0 495 567, the tobacco film is obtained essentially from ribs and fine fractions by the extraction paper process, the extract obtained by this paper production process being reduced in order to reduce secondary smoke, only in a limited amount, namely not more than 20% by weight .% (based on the weight of the tobacco foil) should be applied again. As a result, the taste quality or aroma of such a product leaves something to be desired.
Diese Produkte haben den Nachteil, daß einmal das zur Herstellung der Tabakfolien eingesetzte Tabakmaterial zu unliebsamen Geschmacksrichtungen führt und der aufdringliche und schwere Geruch des Nebenrauches von vielen Rauchern nicht akzeptiert wird. Diese geschmackliche und ebenso die geruchliche Beeinträchtigung wird bei einem Tabakprodukt mit einer Ummantelung aus beispielsweise zwei Tabakfolien noch verstärkt, weil diese etwa 20 Gew.% des Tabakproduktes gegenüber dem Kern aus zerkleinertem Rauchtabak ausmachen und somit den Geschmackseindruck des Hauptrauches erheblich beeinflussen bzw. mindern, ebenso den Geruchseindruck des Nebenrauches.These products have the disadvantage that the tobacco material used to produce the tobacco foils leads to unpleasant flavors and the obtrusive and heavy smell of secondary smoke is not accepted by many smokers. This taste and also the olfactory impairment is further increased in a tobacco product with a casing made of, for example, two tobacco foils, because these account for about 20% by weight of the tobacco product compared to the core of shredded smoking tobacco and thus considerably influence or reduce the taste impression of the main smoke, as well the smell impression of the secondary smoke.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein neuartiges Rauchprodukt der eingangs erwähnten Art vorzuschlagen, welches einmal die vom Raucher erwartete typische Geschmacksrichtung befriedigt, die bislang von mit Tabakfolien ummantelten Rauchprodukten nicht erreicht werden konnte, und welches zum anderen die Qualität des Nebenrauches verbessert. Letzlich wird ein derart ummanteltes Rauchprodukt vorgeschlagen, bei dem der aus Tabakfolien gebildete Mantel hinsichtlich der physikalischen Folien-Kenndaten so ausgebildet ist, daß das Rauchprodukt auf üblichen Cigaretten- bzw. Cigarillo-Fertigungsanlagen wirtschaftlich hergestellt werden kann und somit die Anforderungen bezüglich Reißfestigkeit und Dehnung einer derartigen Mantelherstellung erfüllt, wobei ferner Glimmgeschwindigkeit und Porosität eine Steuerung des Rauchangebots ermöglichen.The invention is based on the object of proposing a novel smoking product of the type mentioned at the outset which once satisfies the typical flavor expected by the smoker, which until now could not be achieved by tobacco wrapped smoke products, and which on the other hand improves the quality of the secondary smoke. Ultimately, a smoke product encased in this way is proposed, in which the casing formed from tobacco foils is designed with regard to the physical characteristics of the foil so that the smoke product can be produced economically on conventional cigarette or cigarillo production systems and thus meet the requirements with regard to tensile strength and elongation such jacket production fulfilled, with the glow rate and porosity allow control of the smoke supply.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird daher ein Rauchprodukt vorgeschlagen, welches gemäß Hauptanspruch gestaltet ist, wobei besonders bevorzugte Ausführungen in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführt sind. Insbesondere wird auch die Verwendung der Rauchprodukte als neuartige Steckcigarillos vorgeschlagen.To solve this problem, a smoking product is therefore proposed which is designed according to the main claim, particularly preferred embodiments being set out in the subclaims. In particular, the use of smoking products as novel plug-in cigarillos is also proposed.
Grundsätzlich ist bei der Herstellung der Tabakfolien des stabförmigen Rauchproduktes gemäß Erfindung zwischen zwei unterschiedlichen Papierherstellungsverfahren zu unterscheiden, zum einen das eingangs beschriebene als "TF-1" bezeichnete Verfahren mit anteiliger Extraktrückführung und Einsatz von Tabakstengeln oder von Tabakstengel- bzw. Tabakrippenmaterial und Lamina-Tabakmaterial, sowie zum anderen ein für die Tabakfolienherstellung neues und als "TF-2" bezeichnetes Verfahren ohne Extraktrückführung und Einsatz von ausschließlich Lamina-Tabakmaterial, verbunden mit einem nahezu quantitativen Umlauf kaltwasserlöslicher Tabakauszüge in der Siebpartie einer Papierherstellungsanlage.Basically, in the manufacture of the tobacco foils of the rod-shaped smoking product according to the invention, a distinction must be made between two different paper production processes, on the one hand the process described at the outset as "TF-1" with proportionate extract recycling and use of Tobacco stalks or of tobacco stem or rib tobacco material and lamina tobacco material, as well as a new process for tobacco foil production and called "TF-2" without extract recycling and the use of only lamina tobacco material, combined with an almost quantitative circulation of cold water-soluble tobacco extracts in the Screen section of a paper production plant.
Vorzugsweise werden die Tabakfolien für das Deckblatt, also der äußeren Umhüllung des stabförmigen Rauchproduktes, nach dem "TF-1"-Verfahren und die für das Umblatt, also der (inneren) Umhüllung des Kerns des stabförmigen Rauchproduktes, nach dem "TF-2"-Verfahren gefertigt. Dies ergibt überraschenderweise eine geruchliche Besserstellung des Nebenrauches des erfindungsgemäßen Produktes gegenüber dem Nebenrauch von herkömmlichen, vergleichbaren Produkten wie handelsüblichen Cigarillos. Dabei wird jedoch nicht die Menge des Nebenrauches, sondern ausschließlich seine geruchliche Qualität entscheidend verbessert; der Nebenrauch verliert seine aufdringliche, von vielen Rauchern nicht akzeptierte, dunkle, duffe Note.The tobacco foils for the cover sheet, ie the outer wrapping of the rod-shaped smoke product, are preferably produced according to the "TF-1" method and those for the wrapper, ie the (inner) wrapping of the core of the rod-shaped smoke product, according to the "TF-2" -Procedure manufactured. This surprisingly results in an improved odor of the secondary smoke of the product according to the invention compared to the secondary smoke of conventional, comparable products such as commercially available cigarillos. However, it is not the amount of secondary smoke that is significantly improved, but only its olfactory quality; the secondary smoke loses its intrusive, dark, fragrant note, which is not accepted by many smokers.
Dieser Effekt kann aber auch wiederum unerwarteterweise erzielt werden mit einer anderen, bevorzugten Ausführungsform gemäß Erfindung, bei der ausschließlich Tabakfolien nach "TF-1" eingesetzt werden, wobei jedoch der Deckblatt-Tabakfolie erheblich mehr Tabakextrakt zu- bzw. rückgeführt wird als der Umblatt-Tabakfolie. Insgesamt enthält dann der hier aus zwei Lagen bestehende Mantel des stabförmigen Rauchproduktes bezogen auf die Trockensubstanz eine Tabakextrakt-Menge von mehr als 20 Gew.%.This effect can, however, also be achieved unexpectedly with another preferred embodiment according to the invention, in which only tobacco foils according to "TF-1" are used, but the tobacco wrapper of the topsheet is fed or returned considerably more tobacco extract than the binder. Tobacco foil. In total, the jacket of the rod-shaped smoking product consisting of two layers contains a tobacco extract amount of more than 20% by weight, based on the dry substance.
Letztlich sind auch Kombinationen der nach beiden Verfahren hergestellten Tabakfolien zur Fertigung des stabförmigen Rauchproduktes gemäß Erfindung möglich, die zumindest anteilig die vorteilhaften, überraschenden Effekte ergeben, was den Rauchern von beispielsweise "klassischen" Cigarillos den Umstieg auf das erfindungsgemäße Produkt vermutlich erleichtert.Ultimately, combinations of the tobacco foils produced by the two methods for producing the rod-shaped smoking product according to the invention are also possible, which at least partially result in the advantageous, surprising effects, which presumably makes it easier for smokers of, for example, "classic" cigarillos to switch to the product according to the invention.
Zur Herstellung des stabförmigen Rauchproduktes gemäß Erfindung ist es wesentlich, daß die nach dem Papierherstellungsverfahren gemäß TF-1 hergestellte Tabakfolie zu 75 bis 100 Gew.% aus im wesentlichen aus (a) Tabakcellulose und (b) Tabakextrakt bestehenden tabakeigenen Bestandteilen besteht. Die Tabakcellulose wird aus einer zerkleinerten Blatt- oder Schnitt-Tabakmischung, aus Tabakgrus (scrap), aus Tabakstengeln und aus Tabakrippenmaterial erhalten, wobei die aromaintensiven Komponenten, nämlich die Blatt-Tabakmischung und der Tabakgrus mit einer Teilchengröße von etwa 1 bis 5 und vorzugsweise 1,5 bis 4 mm einerseits und die für den Celluloseanteil stärker bestimmenden Komponenten, nämlich Tabakrippenmaterial andererseits in einem Gewichtsverhältnis von 1 : 1,1 bis 1 : 5 vorliegen. Der Tabakextrakt wird aus einer zerkleinerten Blatt- oder Schnitt-Tabakmischung und Tabakrippenmaterial erhalten.For the manufacture of the rod-shaped smoking product according to the invention, it is essential that the tobacco film produced by the paper manufacturing process according to TF-1 consists of 75 to 100% by weight essentially of (a) tobacco cellulose and (b) tobacco extract consisting of tobacco components. The tobacco cellulose is obtained from a shredded leaf or cut tobacco mixture, from tobacco greens (scrap), from tobacco stems and from tobacco stem material, the aroma-intensive components, namely the leaf tobacco mixture and the tobacco greens having a particle size of about 1 to 5 and preferably 1 , 5 to 4 mm on the one hand and the components which are more determining for the cellulose content, namely tobacco rib material on the other hand, are present in a weight ratio of 1: 1.1 to 1: 5. The tobacco extract is made from a shredded leaf or cut tobacco mixture and received tobacco rib material.
Ferner werden zur Herstelung der Tabakfolien bis zu 20 Gew.% und vorzugsweise 8 bis 14 Gew.% Fremdcellulose wie Weichholz-, Hanf- bzw. Flachs-Cellulose eingesetzt. Wenn die Tabakcellulose vollständig oder teilweise aus Tabakstengeln herrührt, kann der Anteil an Fremdcellulose ohne Beeinträchtigung der physikalischen Eigenschaften der Tabakfolie entsprechend verringert werden.Furthermore, up to 20% by weight and preferably 8 to 14% by weight of foreign cellulose such as softwood, hemp or flax cellulose are used to produce the tobacco films. If the tobacco cellulose comes wholly or partly from tobacco stalks, the proportion of foreign cellulose can be reduced accordingly without impairing the physical properties of the tobacco film.
Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn zur Herstellung dieser Tabakfolie etwas weniger als die Hälfte des zur Herstellung der Tabakfolie erforderlichen Tabakmaterials aus einer hochwertigen Schnitt-Tabakmischung besteht, die beispielsweise aus einer Mischung aus Virginia-Tabak, Burley-Tabak, Orient-Tabak und Blährippen von Virginia-Tabak besteht.It is advantageous if a little less than half of the tobacco material required to produce the tobacco foil consists of a high-quality cut tobacco mixture, for example a mixture of Virginia tobacco, Burley tobacco, Orient tobacco and blowing ribs from Virginia -Tobacco exists.
Bezüglich der Tabakcellulose liegt der zur Herstellung der Tabakfolie erforderliche Anteil an Tabakrippenmaterial etwas höher, was im Hinblick auf die physikalischen Eigenschaften der Tabakcellulose erforderlich ist. Allerdings soll das Verhältnis von Blatt- bzw. Schnitt-Tabakmischung zu Tabakrippen- bzw. Tabakstengelmaterial nicht einen Wert von 1 : 5 überschreiten, da sonst die aromabestimmten Raucheigenschaften der Tabakfolie nachteilig beeinflußt werden. Gegebenenfalls kann dies jedoch durch die Zugabe von tabakeigenen Aromen während des letzten Schrittes des Folienfertigungsprozesses kompensiert werden.With regard to tobacco cellulose, the proportion of tobacco rib material required to produce the tobacco film is somewhat higher, which is necessary in view of the physical properties of the tobacco cellulose. However, the ratio of leaf or cut tobacco mixture to tobacco stem or tobacco stem material should not exceed a value of 1: 5, since otherwise the flavor-determined smoking properties of the tobacco foil are adversely affected. If necessary, however, this can be compensated for by adding tobacco flavors during the last step of the film production process.
Wesentlich ist, daß bei der Herstellung der Tabakfolie der Extrakt in einer Menge von mehr als 20 Gew.% der Tabakfolie auf das bei diesem Verfahren erhaltene Cellulosematerial aufgebracht wird. Wenn der Extrakt einen erhöhten Anteil eines Lamina-Tabakextraktes enthält, werden die für das endgültige Rauchprodukt erforderlichen Aromabestandteile angereichert.It is essential that during the manufacture of the tobacco foil the extract is applied to the cellulose material obtained in this process in an amount of more than 20% by weight of the tobacco foil. If the extract contains an increased proportion of a lamina tobacco extract, the aroma components required for the final smoking product are enriched.
Diese nach einem anderen Papierherstellungsverfahren gefertigte Tabakfolie besteht bezüglich ihres Tabakanteils im wesentlichen aus Lamina-Tabakmaterial. Dieses wird bezogen auf die Tabakfolie in einer Menge von 75 bis 80 Gew.% zusammen mit 10 bis 20 Gew.% langfaseriger Fremdcellulose zerkleinert und bei nahezu vollständigem Umlauf der kaltwasserlöslichen Tabakauszüge in der Siebpartie einer Papierherstellungsanlage auf dieser als Rohfolie erhalten. Die weiterhin erforderlichen üblichen Zusatzstoffe wie Bindemittel, Füllstoffe und die den Abbrand beeinflussenden Mittel sowie Aromastoffe können in einer Menge bis zu 15 Gew.% sowohl bei Herstellung der Rohfolie als auch später bei der Konditionierung dieser zugesetzt werden.This tobacco film manufactured according to another paper manufacturing process consists essentially of lamina tobacco material with regard to its tobacco content. Based on the tobacco film, this is crushed in an amount of 75 to 80% by weight together with 10 to 20% by weight of long-fiber foreign cellulose and, when the cold-water-soluble tobacco extracts are almost completely circulated in the wire section of a paper production plant, is obtained as raw film on this. The usual additives that are still required, such as binders, fillers and the agents influencing the burn-off, as well as flavorings, can be added in an amount of up to 15% by weight both when the raw film is produced and later when it is conditioned.
Es ist von Vorteil, wenn die Tabakfolie in ihrer geschmacksrelevanten Tabakmischungszusammensetzung der Zusammensetzung der Blatt- bzw. Schnitt-Tabakmischung des Einlegetabaks bzw. des Kernes des stabförmigen Rauchproduktes entspricht. Dies ist einerseits zur Erzielung der gewünschten Geschmacksrichtung - vorzugsweise "American Blend" - erforderlich, andererseits im Hinblick auf eine einfache, kostengünstige Fertigung des stabförmigen Rauchproduktes insgesamt von Vorteil, da mit der gleichen Tabak-Mischung sowohl der Mantel als auch der Kern gefertigt werden können. Man kann auch abweichend davon die Tabakmischungszusammensetzung der Tabakfolie von der Mischungszusammensetzung des Einlegetabaks abändern.It is advantageous if the tobacco film in its taste-relevant tobacco mixture composition corresponds to the composition of the leaf or cut tobacco mixture of the tobacco inlay or the core of the rod-shaped smoking product. This is on the one hand, to achieve the desired taste - preferably "American blend" - necessary, on the other hand, with regard to a simple, inexpensive manufacture of the rod-shaped smoke product, an advantage overall, since both the casing and the core can be produced with the same tobacco mixture. Alternatively, the tobacco mixture composition of the tobacco film can be changed from the mixture composition of the tobacco.
Zur Herstellung der Tabakfolie sowohl nach TF-1 als auch nach TF-2 können noch bis zu 20 Gew.% Fremdcellulose zugesetzt werden, wodurch die physikalischen Eigenschaften der Tabakfolie verbessert werden.Up to 20% by weight of foreign cellulose can be added to produce the tobacco film according to both TF-1 and TF-2, which improves the physical properties of the tobacco film.
Als Zusatzstoffe können bei der Herstellung wiederum beider Tabakfolien nach TF-1 und TF-2 übliche Bindemittel wie Methylcellulose, Dextrine, Pektine, Alginate, Stärke, Gummen, Amylose, Carboxymethylcellulose, Honig, Maissirup oder andere Polysaccharide verwendet werden. Als Füllstoff kann beispielsweise Calciumcarbonat oder Titandioxyd eingesetzt werden. Als Abbrand beeinflussende Mittel werden meist Erdalkalicarbonate und Alkalisalze schwacher organischer Säuren wie Alkalicitrate oder -acetate eingesetzt.In the manufacture of both tobacco films according to TF-1 and TF-2, conventional binders such as methyl cellulose, dextrins, pectins, alginates, starch, gums, amylose, carboxymethyl cellulose, honey, corn syrup or other polysaccharides can be used as additives. Calcium carbonate or titanium dioxide, for example, can be used as filler. Alkaline earth carbonates and alkali salts of weak organic acids, such as alkali citrates or acetates, are mostly used as agents influencing the erosion.
Als Aromastoffe können nachträglich tabakeigene Aromastoffe oder Extrakte aus Tabakmischungen eingesetzt werden, beispielsweise durch eine on-line Beaufschlagung der an sich fertigen Tabakfolien mittels der Beaufschlagungsvorrichtung der Firma Kaymich (GB) (Kaymich-Applikator Modell FDU3 SYSM). Dabei erfolgt der Aromenauftrag vorzugsweise in alkoholischer Lösung, bevorzugt auf die Innenseite der Tabakfolien, um unerwünschte optische Effekte zu vermeiden, ganzflächig oder in Längsstreifen. Diese nachträgliche Folienaromatisierung kann sowohl bei der Tabakfolie gemäß TF-1 durchgeführt werden als auch bei der Tabakfolie gemäß TF-2.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der strangförmige Kern aus zerkleinertem Rauchtabak mit nur einer nach dem TF-1-Verfahren erhaltenen Tabakfolie ummantelt. Bei einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht der um den strangförmigen Kern gelegte Mantel aus ein oder mehr Lagen Tabakfolie, die sowohl beide nach dem TF-1-Verfahren oder beide nach dem TF-2-Verfahren erhalten worden sind, wobei es allerdings bevorzugt wird, die eine Lage und insbesondere die äußere Lage bzw. das Deckblatt nach dem TF-1-Verfahren herzustellen, während die innere Lage bzw. das Umblatt nach dem TF-2-Verfahren erhalten worden ist. Üblicherweise ist das Deckblatt, also die äußerste um den strangförmigen Kern gebildete Lage des Mantels, spiralförmig angeordnet, während das Umblatt, also die innerste um den strangförmigen Kern gebildete Lage des Mantels, in axialer Richtung eine Klebenaht aufweist.In one embodiment of the invention, the strand-shaped core of shredded smoking tobacco is coated with only one tobacco foil obtained by the TF-1 process. Another one According to one embodiment of the invention, the jacket placed around the strand-shaped core consists of one or more layers of tobacco film, both of which have been obtained by the TF-1 process or both by the TF-2 process, although it is preferred to use one layer and in particular to produce the outer layer or cover sheet by the TF-1 process, while the inner layer or cover sheet has been obtained by the TF-2 process. The cover sheet, that is to say the outermost layer of the jacket formed around the strand-shaped core, is usually arranged in a spiral, while the binder sheet, that is to say the innermost layer of the jacket formed around the strand-shaped core, has an adhesive seam in the axial direction.
Bei einem mit zwei Tabakfolien umhüllten Kern soll dieses Rauchprodukt im allgemeinen die in der folgenden Tabelle II aufgeführten technischen Daten haben:
Bei dem strangförmigen Kern aus zerkleinertem Rauchtabak hat vorzugsweise die Schnittbreite des Einlage- oder Fülltabaks die folgenden Werte:
Der in einer wässrigen Aufschlämmung gemessene pH-Wert der Tabakfolie liegt bei 7,0.The pH of the tobacco foil measured in an aqueous slurry is 7.0.
Die Umhüllung bzw. der Mantel des erfindungsgemäßen Rauchproduktes kann bei einer Ausführungsform eine Endporosität haben, die größer als 30 und kleiner als 1 000 Coresta-Einheiten ist. Dieses Produkt ist wie ein üblicher Cigarillo für sich abrauchbar, kann aber auch in eine übliche Cigarettenfilterhülse gesteckt und dann geraucht werden. Bei einer anderen Variante gemäß Erfindung kann man die Tabakfolien des Mantels auch so herstellen, daß die Porosität des aus Deckblatt und Umblatt gebildeten Mantels in einem Bereich von 10.000 bis 30.000 Coresta-Einheiten liegt, also eine sehr große Porosität besitzt, so daß dieses Rauchprodukt für sich nicht abrauchbar ist und nur als Steckcigarillo in übliche bekannte Hülsen eingeschoben und geraucht werden kann.In one embodiment, the casing or jacket of the smoke product according to the invention can have an end porosity which is greater than 30 and less than 1,000 Coresta units. This product can be smoked like a normal cigarillo, but can also be inserted into a conventional cigarette filter sleeve and then smoked. In another variant according to the invention, the tobacco films of the jacket can also be produced in such a way that the porosity of the jacket formed from the cover sheet and the binder sheet is in a range from 10,000 to 30,000 Coresta units, that is to say has a very high porosity, so that this smoking product is suitable for is not smokable and can only be inserted and smoked as a plug-in cigarillo in customary known pods.
Grundsätzlich kann das erfindungsgemäße für sich abrauchbare stabförmige Rauchprodukt nach der ersten Variante in einer für Cigarillos üblichen Länge hergestellt werden; es kann mit einem Filtermundstück üblicher Art, also auch mit einem ventilierten Filter, der vorzugsweise Laser-perforiert ist, versehen werden, was dem Trend zum Lights-Cigarillo berücksichtigt. Das erfindungsgemäße, stabförmige Rauchprodukt kann auch in übergroßen Längen hergestellt werden, um es gemäß DE PS 42 06 507 je nach Abrauchgewohnheiten abteilen zu können; es kann ferner gemäß DE PS 41 07 027 am Ende abgeschrägt sein, um es besser in entsprechende Hülsen einsetzen zu können.Basically, the rod-shaped smoke product according to the invention, which can be smoked per se, can be produced in the length customary for cigarillos; it can with one Filter mouthpiece of the usual type, that is, also provided with a ventilated filter, which is preferably laser-perforated, which takes into account the trend towards the lights-cigarillo. The rod-shaped smoke product according to the invention can also be produced in oversized lengths in order to be able to divide it up according to DE PS 42 06 507 depending on smoking habits; it can also be beveled at the end according to DE PS 41 07 027 in order to be able to use it better in corresponding sleeves.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung durch Beispiele erläutert.In the following the invention is illustrated by examples.
Es wurde ein stabförmiges Rauchprodukt mit einem einlagigen Mantel als Cigarillo mit einem Durchmesser von 8,0 mm und einer Stranglänge von 70 mm gefertigt. Die Tabakeinlage bzw. der strangförmige Kern bestand aus einer Tabakmischung mit etwa 1.8 % Tabaknikotin und einer Stopfdichte von 210 mg/cm³, wobei die mittlere Schnittbreite des Kerntabaks von 60 Gew.% der Mischung bei 2,2 mm lag.A rod-shaped smoke product with a single-layer jacket as a cigarillo with a diameter of 8.0 mm and a strand length of 70 mm was produced. The tobacco insert or the strand-shaped core consisted of a tobacco mixture with about 1.8% tobacco nicotine and a plug density of 210 mg / cm³, the average cutting width of the core tobacco of 60% by weight of the mixture being 2.2 mm.
Der aus einer Lage bestehende Mantel war eine in axialer Richtung verklebte Tabakfolie, die nach dem Extraktions-Papierverfahren TF-1 erhalten worden war.The one-ply casing was a tobacco film glued in the axial direction, which had been obtained by the extraction paper process TF-1.
Die physikalischen Eigenschaften der Tabakfolie und deren Zusammensetzung sind in der folgenden Tabelle III aufgeführt.
Diese Cigarillos wurden bei 60 % relativer Feuchte und 21° C auf übliche Art konditioniert und von einem Expertenpanel geraucht und wie folgt bewertet:These cigarillos were conditioned at 60% relative humidity and 21 ° C in the usual way and smoked by an expert panel and rated as follows:
Bewertung: Kräftiger "American-Blend" Geschmack mit ausgeprägter nussiger Burley-Note mit geringem Störfaktorniveau und einem kaum aufdringlichen, angenehmen Nebenrauch ohne die unerwünschte cigarrige Note.Evaluation: Strong "American blend" taste with a pronounced nutty Burley note with a low level of interference and a barely intrusive, pleasant secondary smoke without the undesirable cigar note.
Es wurde ein stabförmiges Rauchprodukt nach Art eines zweilagigen Cigarillos mit einem Durchmesser von 8,0 mm und einer Stranglänge von 70 mm gefertigt. Die Tabakeinlage (Kern) bestand wiederum aus einer Tabakmischung mit etwa 1.8 % Tabaknikotin und einer Stopfdichte von 210 mg/cm³, wobei die mittlere Schnittbreite von 60 Gew.% der Mischung wiederum bei 2,2 mm lag.A rod-shaped smoke product in the manner of a two-layer cigarillo with a diameter of 8.0 mm and a strand length of 70 mm was produced. The tobacco insert (core) again consisted of a tobacco mixture with about 1.8% tobacco nicotine and a plug density of 210 mg / cm³, the average cutting width of 60% by weight of the mixture again being 2.2 mm.
Sowohl Umblatt als auch Deckblatt bestanden aus Tabakfolien, die nach dem Extraktions-Papierverfahren "TF-1" erhalten worden waren; das Deckblatt war spiralförmig mit einem Winkel von 30° um das Umblatt aufgelegt.Both the binder and cover sheet consisted of tobacco films obtained by the extraction paper process "TF-1"; the cover sheet was placed in a spiral at an angle of 30 ° around the binder.
Die physikalischen Eigenschaften des Deckblattes entsprachen der Tabakfolie gemäß Beispiel 1; die der als Umblatt verwendeten Tabakfolie und deren Zusammensetzung sind in der folgenden Tabelle IV aufgeführt:
Diese Cigarillos wurden bei 60 % relativer Feuchte und 21° C auf übliche Art konditioniert und von einem Expertenpanel geraucht und wie folgt bewertet: Kräftiger "American Blend" Geschmack wie bei dem Produkt gemäß Beispiel 1 mit ausgeprägter nussiger Burley-Note mit geringen Störfaktorniveau und einem kaum aufdringlichen, angenehmen Nebenrauch ohne die unerwünschte cigarrige Note.These cigarillos were conditioned at 60% relative humidity and 21 ° C in the usual way and smoked by an expert panel and rated as follows: Strong "American blend" taste as in the product according to Example 1 with a pronounced nutty Burley note with a low level of confounding factors and one barely intrusive, pleasant secondary smoke without the unwanted cigar note.
Es wurde ein Rauchprodukt analog Beispiel 2 hergestellt, wobei jedoch Umblatt und Deckblatt vertauscht wurden.A smoke product was produced analogously to Example 2, but the cover sheet and cover sheet were interchanged.
Bewertung: American-Blend-Charakter, aber weniger Aroma als das Produkt nach Beispiel 1; cellulosiger Beigeschmack sowie cellulosiger Raumduftnote.Evaluation: American blend character, but less aroma than the product according to Example 1; cellulos aftertaste and cellulos room fragrance.
Es wurde ein Rauchprodukt analog Beispiel 2 hergestellt, welches jedoch mit einem ventilierten (18 % Filterventilation) Monoacetatfilter von 20 mm Länge und einem Rückhaltevermögen von 36 % (Retention) versehen war.A smoke product was produced analogously to Example 2, but with a ventilated (18% filter ventilation) monoacetate filter of 20 mm length and a retention capacity of 36% (retention).
Bewertung: Deutlich reduzierter Kräftigkeitseindruck gegenüber dem Produkt nach Beispiel 2 bei typischem American-Blend-Aroma. Die sonst einer American-Blend-Mischung anhaftende Rauhigkeit war hier nicht mehr feststellbar.Evaluation: Significantly reduced impression of strength compared to the product according to Example 2 with a typical American blend aroma. The roughness that was otherwise inherent in an American blend mixture could no longer be determined here.
Es wurde ein Rauchprodukt analog Beispiel 2 hergestellt, wobei jedoch das Umblatt nach einem Papierherstellungsverfahren ohne Extraktrückführung nach TF-2 erhalten worden war und eine Porosität von 133 Coresta-Einheiten und ein Gewicht von 52 g/m² aufwies. Die Tabakmischung bestand aus 100 % Lamina-Tabak Die Tabakfolie enthielt, bezogen auf deren Trockengewicht, neben 10 Gew.% langfaseriger Fremdcellulose noch 75 Gew.% Laminatabak nebst
Bewertung: American Blend; leichte Schärfe, gutes Aroma, wie bei dem Produkt gemäß Beispiel 2, Nebenrauch sehr aromatisch, wenig cellulosig.Review: American Blend; slight sharpness, good aroma, as in the product according to Example 2, secondary smoke very aromatic, less cellulosic.
Es wurde ein Rauchprodukt analog Beispiel 2 hergestellt, wobei jedoch das Deckblatt mit einer anderen Rezeptur nach TF-1 hergestellt worden war; die einzelnen Werte waren:
Bewertung: Blendcharakter mit einer leichten, süßen Schärfe eines typischen hocharomatisierten US-Orange-leaf-tabaks bei ausgewogener Kräftigkeit.Evaluation: blend character with a slight, sweet sharpness of a typical highly flavored US orange leaf tobacco with balanced strength.
Es wurde ein Rauchprodukt analog Beispiel 6 hergestellt, wobei jedoch das Deckblatt nicht aus Tabakrippenmaterial und Lamina, sondern unter Verwendung der entsprechenden Menge, nämlich 46 Gew.% Tabakstengeln hergestellt wurde.A smoking product was produced analogously to Example 6, but the cover sheet was not produced from tobacco rib material and lamina, but using the appropriate amount, namely 46% by weight of tobacco stalks.
Bewertung: Erhöhte Schärfe bei sonst unveränderter Charakteristik des Aromas; deutlich bessere Oberflächenstruktur; die Verarbeitbarkeit war hinsichtlich der Reißfestigkeit deutlich besser.Evaluation: increased sharpness with otherwise unchanged characteristic of the aroma; significantly better surface structure; the processability was significantly better in terms of tear strength.
Es wurd ein Rauchprodukt analog Beispiel 6 hergestellt, wobei jedoch der Tabakrippenanteil von 27,6 Gew.% durch die gleiche Menge an Tabakstengeln ersetzt wurde.A smoking product was produced analogously to Example 6, but the tobacco rib fraction of 27.6% by weight was replaced by the same amount of tobacco stalks.
Bewertung: Sensorisch wie das Produkt gemäß Beispiel 6; hinsichtlich Oberflächenstruktur und Verarbeitbarkeit entsprach das Produkt etwa dem gemäß Beispiel 7.Evaluation: Sensory as the product according to Example 6; in terms of surface structure and processability, the product corresponded approximately to that according to example 7.
Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das Rauchprodukt so ausgebildet, daß die äußerste Lage des Mantels als eine mit Filter versehene Hülse aus spiralförmig gewickelter und/oder blattförmig mit axialem Überlappungsbereich jeweils zumindest teilweise verklebter Tabakfolie geformt ist, in die der von der inneren Tabakfolie umhüllte Kern aus Rauchtabak einführbar ist, wobei die innere Tabakfolie gegebenenfalls auch aus mehreren Lagen bestehen kann. Je nach den Gegebenheiten kann entweder die äußerste Lage oder die innere Lage bzw. Tabakfolie hochporös sein, wobei dann die jeweilige andere Lage weniger porös ist; auch Mischformen hinsichtlich der Porosität sind durchführbar, solange ein insgesamt abrauchbares Produkt erhalten wird.In a further embodiment of the invention, the smoking product is designed such that the outermost layer of the jacket is shaped as a filter-provided sleeve made of spirally wound and / or sheet-like tobacco foil, which is at least partially glued and has an axial overlap region, into which the tobacco foil is enveloped The core of smoking tobacco can be inserted, the inner tobacco film possibly also consisting of several layers. Depending on the circumstances, either the outermost layer or the inner layer or tobacco foil can be highly porous, the respective other layer then being less porous; Mixed forms with regard to porosity can also be carried out as long as an overall smokable product is obtained.
Claims (22)
30 bis 40 Gew.% Virginia-Tabak,
35 bis 55 Gew.% Burley-Tabak,
5 bis 10 Gew.% Orient-Tabak und
1 bis 10 Gew.% Blährippen von Virginia-Tabak
mit einer Partikelgröße von mindestens 1,75 enthält.Smoking product according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shredded leaf-tobacco mixture or the tobacco greens from which the tobacco foil (TF-1) has been obtained,
30 to 40% by weight of Virginia tobacco,
35 to 55% by weight of Burley tobacco,
5 to 10% by weight of oriental tobacco and
1 to 10% by weight of blown ribs from Virginia tobacco
with a particle size of at least 1.75.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4334222 | 1993-10-07 | ||
| DE4334222A DE4334222C3 (en) | 1993-10-07 | 1993-10-07 | Stick-shaped smoking product |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0658317A2 true EP0658317A2 (en) | 1995-06-21 |
| EP0658317A3 EP0658317A3 (en) | 1995-08-23 |
| EP0658317B1 EP0658317B1 (en) | 2000-08-16 |
Family
ID=6499640
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94115638A Expired - Lifetime EP0658317B1 (en) | 1993-10-07 | 1994-10-05 | Rod-shaped smoking article |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5617881A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0658317B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE195405T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2133785C (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ289068B6 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19512535A1 (en) |
| EE (1) | EE03145B1 (en) |
| HR (1) | HRP940578B1 (en) |
| HU (2) | HU9402892D0 (en) |
| LT (1) | LT3637B (en) |
| LV (1) | LV11097B (en) |
| MD (1) | MD1289C2 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL178311B1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2114538C1 (en) |
| SI (1) | SI9400378B (en) |
| SK (1) | SK282288B6 (en) |
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| NL1020285C2 (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-09-30 | Deli Htl Tabak Mij B V | Method for manufacturing a 'top-loaded cigarette filler'. Method for manufacturing a 'top-loaded cigarette filler'. |
| CN103005658A (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2013-04-03 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | New technology for improving tobacco stalk pulping quality |
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| CN1321599C (en) * | 1999-07-28 | 2007-06-20 | 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 | Smoking article wrapper with improved filler |
| US8578944B2 (en) * | 1999-12-07 | 2013-11-12 | Blunt Wrap U.S.A., Inc. | Method of making a tobacco product |
| US6722372B1 (en) | 2000-07-20 | 2004-04-20 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation | Wrapper for smoking article |
| PT1449447E (en) * | 2001-11-05 | 2012-04-26 | Japan Tobacco Inc | Low ignition propensity cigarette |
| DE10304629B4 (en) * | 2003-02-05 | 2008-10-30 | British American Tobacco (Germany) Gmbh | Pressure conditioning process |
| US20120152265A1 (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2012-06-21 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Tobacco-Derived Syrup Composition |
| GB201100218D0 (en) * | 2011-01-07 | 2011-02-23 | British American Tobacco Co | Smoking article |
| CN103798949B (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2016-02-24 | 云南瑞升烟草技术(集团)有限公司 | A kind of modified particle preparation method for recombination tobacco leaf |
| US20160073686A1 (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2016-03-17 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Tobacco-derived filter element |
| HUE041357T2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2019-05-28 | Philip Morris Products Sa | Method for the production of homogenized tobacco material |
| US9950858B2 (en) | 2015-01-16 | 2018-04-24 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Tobacco-derived cellulose material and products formed thereof |
| HUE044510T2 (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2019-10-28 | Philip Morris Products Sa | Method for manufacturing inductively heatable tobacco rods |
| MX2018002248A (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2018-03-23 | Philip Morris Products Sa | Improved tubular elements for smoking articles. |
| GB201707761D0 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2017-06-28 | British American Tobacco Investments Ltd | Method of making a tobacco extract |
| GB201707767D0 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2017-06-28 | British American Tobacco Investments Ltd | Method of making a tobacco extract |
| GB201707758D0 (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-06-28 | British American Tobacco Investments Ltd | Ground tobacco composition |
| US11582997B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2023-02-21 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Aerosol generating article having a mouthpiece with a modified structure |
| CN108978222B (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2021-06-11 | 常州龙途新材料科技有限公司 | Biodegradable composite fiber yarn capable of volatilizing fragrance and preparation and application processes |
| EP3981262A4 (en) * | 2019-06-07 | 2023-02-08 | Japan Tobacco Inc. | Tobacco sheet, tobacco rod and smoking article |
| KR102605497B1 (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2023-11-22 | 주식회사 케이티앤지 | Tobacco extract sheet, method for manufacturing the same and smoking article including the same |
| WO2024036779A1 (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2024-02-22 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Multi-layer composite cigarette paper structure for easy flavoring and manufacturing method |
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- 1994-09-22 HR HRP4334222.1A patent/HRP940578B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-26 LT LTIP2044A patent/LT3637B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-03 SI SI9400378A patent/SI9400378B/en unknown
- 1994-10-05 EP EP94115638A patent/EP0658317B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-05 AT AT94115638T patent/ATE195405T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-05 MD MD94-0381A patent/MD1289C2/en unknown
- 1994-10-05 EE EE9400102A patent/EE03145B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-06 HU HU9402892A patent/HU9402892D0/en unknown
- 1994-10-06 LV LVP-94-189A patent/LV11097B/en unknown
- 1994-10-06 RU RU94039293A patent/RU2114538C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-06 CA CA002133785A patent/CA2133785C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-10-07 PL PL94305350A patent/PL178311B1/en unknown
- 1994-10-07 CZ CZ19942479A patent/CZ289068B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-07 SK SK1222-94A patent/SK282288B6/en unknown
- 1994-10-07 HU HU9402899A patent/HU214187B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-07 US US08/320,065 patent/US5617881A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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1995
- 1995-04-05 DE DE19512535A patent/DE19512535A1/en not_active Ceased
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| NL1020285C2 (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-09-30 | Deli Htl Tabak Mij B V | Method for manufacturing a 'top-loaded cigarette filler'. Method for manufacturing a 'top-loaded cigarette filler'. |
| WO2003082030A1 (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-10-09 | B.V. Deli-Htl Tabak Maatschappij | Method for manufacturing a top loaded cigarette filler |
| CN103005658A (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2013-04-03 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | New technology for improving tobacco stalk pulping quality |
| CN103005658B (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2015-04-01 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | New technology for improving tobacco stalk pulping quality |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2133785C (en) | 2000-03-07 |
| DE19512535A1 (en) | 1996-10-10 |
| SI9400378B (en) | 2001-12-31 |
| MD1289C2 (en) | 2000-10-31 |
| HU9402892D0 (en) | 1995-01-30 |
| RU2114538C1 (en) | 1998-07-10 |
| RU94039293A (en) | 1996-09-20 |
| ATE195405T1 (en) | 2000-09-15 |
| EE03145B1 (en) | 1999-02-15 |
| EP0658317A3 (en) | 1995-08-23 |
| LV11097A (en) | 1996-04-20 |
| LTIP2044A (en) | 1995-05-25 |
| MD1289B2 (en) | 1999-08-30 |
| SI9400378A (en) | 1995-04-30 |
| HU214187B (en) | 1998-01-28 |
| EP0658317B1 (en) | 2000-08-16 |
| HU9402899D0 (en) | 1995-01-30 |
| SK122294A3 (en) | 1995-04-12 |
| CZ247994A3 (en) | 1995-06-14 |
| MD940381A (en) | 1996-02-29 |
| HRP940578B1 (en) | 1999-10-31 |
| HUT71854A (en) | 1996-02-28 |
| PL305350A1 (en) | 1995-04-18 |
| PL178311B1 (en) | 2000-04-28 |
| CZ289068B6 (en) | 2001-10-17 |
| CA2133785A1 (en) | 1995-04-08 |
| US5617881A (en) | 1997-04-08 |
| LT3637B (en) | 1996-01-25 |
| HK1013606A1 (en) | 1999-09-03 |
| SK282288B6 (en) | 2002-01-07 |
| HRP940578A2 (en) | 1996-08-31 |
| LV11097B (en) | 1996-08-20 |
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