EP0657570A1 - Take down device for oblong flexible articles on a manufacturing machine - Google Patents

Take down device for oblong flexible articles on a manufacturing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0657570A1
EP0657570A1 EP94116882A EP94116882A EP0657570A1 EP 0657570 A1 EP0657570 A1 EP 0657570A1 EP 94116882 A EP94116882 A EP 94116882A EP 94116882 A EP94116882 A EP 94116882A EP 0657570 A1 EP0657570 A1 EP 0657570A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive
synchronous motor
main drive
synchronous
digital
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EP94116882A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0657570B1 (en
Inventor
Werner Sperling
Jürgen Lührig
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CESSIONE EPO REG. 20;SPIRKA MASCHINENBAU GMBH
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Spirka Maschinenbau GmbH and Co KG
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04CBRAIDING OR MANUFACTURE OF LACE, INCLUDING BOBBIN-NET OR CARBONISED LACE; BRAIDING MACHINES; BRAID; LACE
    • D04C3/00Braiding or lacing machines
    • D04C3/48Auxiliary devices
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04BKNITTING
    • D04B15/00Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/88Take-up or draw-off devices for knitting products

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for withdrawing flexible long goods from a manufacturing machine, in particular a braiding, circular knitting or the like.
  • Machine which has a trigger drive, the speed of which can be influenced in accordance with a master frequency derived from a main drive of the production machine, with a control device which allows the master frequency or a synchronous variable derived therefrom to be changed.
  • Braiding machines are generally known in which bobbins with threads, yarns or wires are arranged on a rotor around its axis of rotation, around which the rotor is driven by a main drive via a gear.
  • the bobbin is wound around the axis of rotation, for example on a flexible core, if some of the bobbins are moved in the opposite direction and their threads are lifted above or below the threads of the bobbins rotated in the opposite direction by known mechanisms.
  • the threads are pulled off the bobbins or the flexible long goods resulting from the braiding process are pulled off with a pull-off drive which drives a pull-off disk with which the long goods are pulled off and wound up as required.
  • the take-off speed of the long goods must be precisely matched to the number of revolutions of the rotary rotor so that the long goods have the desired structure, in particular the necessary lay length. It is therefore generally known to have a device for withdrawing flexible long goods to train with the features mentioned above.
  • the speed of the trigger drive is influenced as a function of the speed of the main drive.
  • the influencing takes place with a master frequency derived from the main drive, which in turn can be influenced, since the desired ratio between the trigger drive speed and the main drive speed must be able to be influenced accordingly, for example the structure of the flexible long goods.
  • a ratio synchronicity is achieved in which the desired take-off performance with regard to the slope of the braided goods or the flexible long goods remains constant with respect to the main drive.
  • An uncontrolled asynchronous machine can be used for the main drive, since its speed fluctuations are taken into account proportionally by the trigger drive.
  • This is a gearbox-fixed coupling between the main and trigger drive, which replaces the well-known mechanical coupling between the main drive and the trigger drive via a mechanical gear.
  • the invention has for its object to improve a device with the features mentioned so that an adjustable ratio synchronism between the speeds of the main drive and the trigger drive is achieved with simple means.
  • the trigger drive is a synchronous motor, the speed of which is controlled via a digital frequency converter in accordance with the master frequency derived from the main drive.
  • the trigger drive is a controlled synchronous motor.
  • the speed of the trigger drive is always matched to the speed of the main drive, that is, without a regulation having to be carried out.
  • This is achieved in particular by controlling the synchronous motor via a digital frequency converter, which processes the master frequency derived from the main drive or a corresponding synchronous variable.
  • the digital frequency conversion entails that the output variable of the frequency converter always corresponds exactly to its input variable, which is not to be expected in the case of analog conversion, since here temperature or the like. Influences on the characteristic curve of the converter mean that readjustments are necessary due to fluctuating output variables. Such readjustment is e.g. due to the regulatory and cost expenditure a servo axis is not acceptable.
  • a synchronous motor is many times cheaper than a servo axis, so that a trigger device according to the labeling is also recommended for economic reasons.
  • the device works trouble-free, it is designed so that for the intended deduction operation the maximum required output torque of the synchronous motor is less than the nominal power of the synchronous motor at the intended master frequencies. Accordingly, the synchronous motor has to be dimensioned strongly, which is not a disadvantage from an economic point of view, since synchronous motors of the power ranges in question from approx. 0.25 to 0.75 kW have only slight price differences.
  • the device for trouble-free operation must be designed so that the maximum master frequency is matched to the intended maximum speed of the synchronous motor in the sense of a proper synchronous drive. This further dimensioning requirement for the synchronous motor can also be met without significant economic outlay.
  • the device is designed in such a way that an incremental rotary encoder is connected to the main drive for deriving the master frequency, the output of which is connected to the input of an integrator for generating digital angle of rotation values.
  • the electrical variables emitted by the incrementally acting rotary pulse generator cannot be easily processed by the digital frequency converter.
  • the integrator is designed to convert the output variables of the rotary pulse encoder into digital rotation angle values which are the basis of the digital frequency conversion.
  • the device is designed such that the output of the digital integrator is connected to the input of a multiplier of the control device which allows the digital synchronous variable to be changed.
  • the multiplier is acted upon by the control device with a ratio multiplier, which influences the digital synchronous variable as desired.
  • the device is designed such that the output of the multiplier is connected to an input of the digital frequency converter, the outputs of which go out of a control rotating field are connected to the synchronous motor.
  • the synchronous motor can be controlled proportionally.
  • the production machine 11 has a rotor braiding machine and a machine frame 28 on which a rotor 29 with, for example, 16 coils is rotatably mounted in a manner not shown.
  • a transmission ratio of, for example, 1: 8 to 1:10 is present between the main drive 13 and the rotor 29 of the braiding machine.
  • the main drive has an output of e.g. 2.2 to 3 kW.
  • the trigger drive 12 is used to drive the trigger disk 31, that is to say a motor, the output of which is, for example, 0.37 kW and drives the trigger disk, for example, with a transmission ratio of 1: 150 to 1: 100.
  • the main drive 13 is connected with the aid of a frequency converter 31, which is connected to a voltage source 32.
  • a machine control 33 which acts on the main drive 13 via a frequency converter 31, e.g. via the schematically represented operative connection 34 for switching on or for switching off the main drive.
  • a rotary pulse generator 17 is connected to the main drive 13, which acts incrementally and emits pulses corresponding to the speed of the main drive motor 13, which form a master frequency f.
  • This master frequency is in the 400 kHz range when the rotary pulse generator emits approx. 4000 pulses per revolution and is driven at around 100 revolutions / min.
  • the output 18 of the rotary pulse generator 17 is connected to the input 19 of an integrator 20, which outputs digital rotation angle values at its output 21 according to its characteristic.
  • This derived synchronous quantity must be influenced, since the motor of the trigger drive 12 should not run at the same number of revolutions as the motor of the main drive 13, but according to the construction of the manufacturing machine and the withdrawal speed of the long goods 10 in a certain ratio to this, which is determined by * K1 / K2 is determined.
  • K2 is a constant factor, which is determined by the construction of the manufacturing machine 11 or the trigger drive 12, while K1 is a differently shaped factor according to the construction of the long goods 10. Influencing the digital angle of rotation of the integrator 20 according to the above-described ratio * K1 / K2 is carried out with a multiplier, which is effectively part of a control device 14, which was shown in Fig.2 as integrated in the machine control 33.
  • the output 24 of the multiplier 23 is connected to an input 25 of a digital frequency converter 16.
  • This converter 16 has outputs 26 which output a control rotating field and are connected to the synchronous motor 15.
  • the digital frequency converter 16 thus digitally converts the digital angle of rotation variable into a control variable for the synchronous motor 15.
  • the frequency converter 16 is a three-phase, completely digitally designed pulse frequency converter, which digitally converts the digital synchronous variable, which is converted according to the desired ratio, and thus without influencing e.g. Temperature and voltage fluctuations, so that 15 rotating fields are supplied to the synchronous motor, which allow precise control of the synchronous motor 15 in proportion to the guide frequency f, that is, without the synchronous motor 15 having to be regulated. So this engine works controlled.
  • the synchronous motor In order to ensure control of the synchronous motor 15 and thus proper operation of the trigger device in all operating states of the production machine 11, the synchronous motor must be designed accordingly. For example, it must be designed with regard to the torque to be output by it in such a way that this corresponds at most to its nominal power when used as intended or at the maximum possible guide frequencies f. Furthermore, the maximum master frequencies must be matched to the intended maximum speed of the synchronous motor 15 in order to enable proper synchronous operation, in which the maximum speed of the synchronous motor 15 must not be exceeded to avoid coming out.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Control Of Multiple Motors (AREA)
  • Braiding, Manufacturing Of Bobbin-Net Or Lace, And Manufacturing Of Nets By Knotting (AREA)

Abstract

Device for the take-up of long flexible material (10) from a production machine (11), especially a braiding, circular knitting or such like machine, which has a take-up drive (12), the rotational speed of which can be influenced according to a master frequency derived from a main drive (13) of the production machine (11), there being a control device making it possible to modify the master frequency or a synchronous variable derived from this. In order to improve a device having the features mentioned in the introduction, in such a way that an adjustable ratio synchronism between the rotation speeds of the main drive (13) and the take-up drive (12) is achieved by simple means, it is designed in such a way that the take-up drive (12) is a synchronous motor, the rotational speed of which is controlled via a digital frequency converter according to the master frequency derived from the main drive (13). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Abzug flexiblen Langguts aus einer Herstellungsmaschine, insbesondere einer Flecht-, Rundstrick- od.dgl. Maschine, die einen Abzugsantrieb hat, dessen Drehzahl entsprechend einer von einem Hauptantrieb der Herstellungsmaschine abgeleiteten Leitfrequenz beeinflußbar ist, wobei eine die Leitfrequenz oder eine davon abgeleitete Synchrongröße abzuändern gestattende Steuereinrichtung vorhanden ist.The invention relates to a device for withdrawing flexible long goods from a manufacturing machine, in particular a braiding, circular knitting or the like. Machine which has a trigger drive, the speed of which can be influenced in accordance with a master frequency derived from a main drive of the production machine, with a control device which allows the master frequency or a synchronous variable derived therefrom to be changed.

Es sind Flechtmaschinen allgemein bekannt, bei denen Spulen mit Fäden, Garnen oder Drähten auf einem Rotor um dessen Drehachse herum angeordnet sind, um die der Rotor von einem Hauptantrieb über ein Getriebe angetrieben wird. Infolge der Drehung des Rotors wird das Spulengut um die Drehachse herum z.B. auf einem flexiblen Kern aufgewickelt bzw. verflochten, wenn einige der Spulen im entgegengesetzten Drehsinn bewegt und ihre Fäden durch bekannte Mechanismen über oder unter die Fäden der in entgegengesetzter Richtung gedrehten Spulen gehoben werden. Das Abziehen der Fäden von den Spulen bzw. das Abziehen des durch den Flechtvorgang entstehenden flexiblen Langguts erfolgt mit einem Abzugsantrieb, der eine Abzugscheibe antreibt, mit dem das Langgut abgezogen und bedarfsweise aufgewickelt wird. Die Abzuggeschwindigkeit des Langguts muß genau auf die Umdrehungszahl des DrehRotors abgestimmt sein, damit das Langgut den gewünschten Aufbau hat, insbesondere die notwendige Schlaglänge. Es ist daher allgemein bekannt, eine Vorrichtung zum Abzug flexiblen Langguts mit den eingangs genannten Merkmalen auszubilden. Bei dieser Vorrichtung wird also die Drehzahl des Abzugsantriebs in Abhängigkeit von der Drehzahl des Hauptantriebs beeinflußt. Die Beeinflussung erfolgt mit einer vom Hauptantrieb abgeleiteten Leitfrequenz, die ihrerseits beeinflußbar ist, da sich das gewünschte Verhältnis zwischen Abzugantriebsdrehzahl und Hauptantriebsdrehzahl z.B. dem Aufbau des flexiblen Langguts entsprechend beeinflussen lassen muß. Es wird eine Verhältnissynchronizität erreicht, bei der die gewünschte Abzugsleistung hinsichtlich der Steigung der Flechtware bzw. des flexiblen Langguts in Bezug auf den Hauptantrieb konstant bleibt. Es kann eine ungeregelt laufende Asynchronmaschine für den Hauptantrieb verwendet werden, da dessen Drehzahlschwankungen verhältnisgerecht vom Abzugsantrieb mitgemacht werden. Das ist eine getriebefeste Kopplung zwischen Haupt- und Abzugsantrieb, der die altbekannte mechanische Kopplung zwischen dem Hauptantrieb und dem Abzugsantrieb über ein mechanisches Getriebe ersetzt.Braiding machines are generally known in which bobbins with threads, yarns or wires are arranged on a rotor around its axis of rotation, around which the rotor is driven by a main drive via a gear. As a result of the rotation of the rotor, the bobbin is wound around the axis of rotation, for example on a flexible core, if some of the bobbins are moved in the opposite direction and their threads are lifted above or below the threads of the bobbins rotated in the opposite direction by known mechanisms. The threads are pulled off the bobbins or the flexible long goods resulting from the braiding process are pulled off with a pull-off drive which drives a pull-off disk with which the long goods are pulled off and wound up as required. The take-off speed of the long goods must be precisely matched to the number of revolutions of the rotary rotor so that the long goods have the desired structure, in particular the necessary lay length. It is therefore generally known to have a device for withdrawing flexible long goods to train with the features mentioned above. In this device, the speed of the trigger drive is influenced as a function of the speed of the main drive. The influencing takes place with a master frequency derived from the main drive, which in turn can be influenced, since the desired ratio between the trigger drive speed and the main drive speed must be able to be influenced accordingly, for example the structure of the flexible long goods. A ratio synchronicity is achieved in which the desired take-off performance with regard to the slope of the braided goods or the flexible long goods remains constant with respect to the main drive. An uncontrolled asynchronous machine can be used for the main drive, since its speed fluctuations are taken into account proportionally by the trigger drive. This is a gearbox-fixed coupling between the main and trigger drive, which replaces the well-known mechanical coupling between the main drive and the trigger drive via a mechanical gear.

Beim Abziehen des flexiblen Langguts aus der Herstellungsmaschine muß berücksichtigt werden, daß die Herstellungsmaschine fehlerhaft arbeiten kann. Beispielsweise ist es denkbar, daß Fadenbruch auftritt. In einem solchen Fall wird der betreffende Faden nicht mehr abgezogen, sondern beispielsweise unverflochten aufgewickelt, was zu einer Verdickung führen kann. Diese Verdickung kann zur Folge haben, daß das Langgut in einer Abzugöse, durch die es geführt werden muß, mehr oder weniger ruckartig hängen bleibt. Es kommt zu Überlastungen durch den Abzugsantrieb, der das Langgut weiterhin abzuziehen versucht und dabei erhöhte Zugkräfte aufwendet. Aus diesem Grund sind bei den bekannten Flechtmaschinen im Getriebe zwischen dem Hauptantrieb und dem Abzugsantrieb Schärstifte oder aus Kunststoff bestehende Schärzahnräder verwendet, die zu einer selbsttätigen mechanischen Unterbrechung des Getriebezugs führen, um zu verhindern, daß es im Bereich der Herstellungsmaschine zu einem schwerwiegenden Schaden kommt, bei dem beispielsweise die gesamte DrehRotorkonstruktion gefährdet ist. Würde der Abzugsantrieb mit dem Hauptantrieb nicht mechanisch gekoppelt, sondern z.B. über eine elektrische Welle mit Servoantrieb, so könnte damit zwar eine Regelung des Abzugsantriebs in Abhängigkeit vom Hauptantrieb erfolgen, welche auch die vorbeschriebenen Überlastungsfälle beherrscht. Eine derartige elektrische Welle ist jedoch vergleichsweise aufwendig, auch bezüglich des Regelaufwandes zur Vermeidung von Überlastungsfällen.When pulling the flexible long goods out of the manufacturing machine, it must be taken into account that the manufacturing machine can work incorrectly. For example, it is conceivable that thread breakage occurs. In such a case, the thread in question is no longer drawn off, but rather, for example, unwound, which can lead to thickening. This thickening can have the consequence that the long goods get stuck more or less abruptly in a discharge eye, through which it must be guided. There is an overload caused by the trigger drive, which continues to try to pull the long goods away and expends increased pulling forces. For this reason, in the known braiding machines in the gearbox between the main drive and the trigger drive, sharpening pins or plastic sprockets are used which lead to an automatic mechanical interruption of the gear train in order to prevent serious damage to the manufacturing machine, where, for example, the entire rotary rotor construction is endangered. If the fume cupboard drive was not mechanically coupled to the main drive, but rather, for example, via an electric shaft with a servo drive, it could the trigger drive is regulated as a function of the main drive and also masters the overload cases described above. Such an electrical wave is comparatively complex, however, also with regard to the control effort to avoid overload cases.

Demgegenüber liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung mit den eingangs genannten Merkmalen so zu verbessern, daß eine einstellbare Verhältnissynchronizität zwischen den Drehzahlen des Hauptantriebs und des Abzugsantriebs mit einfachen Mitteln erreicht wird.In contrast, the invention has for its object to improve a device with the features mentioned so that an adjustable ratio synchronism between the speeds of the main drive and the trigger drive is achieved with simple means.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß der Abzugsantrieb ein Synchronmotor ist, dessen Drehzahl entsprechend der vom Hauptantrieb abgeleiteten Leitfrequenz über einen digitalen Frequenzumrichter gesteuert ist.This object is achieved in that the trigger drive is a synchronous motor, the speed of which is controlled via a digital frequency converter in accordance with the master frequency derived from the main drive.

Für die Erfindung ist von Bedeutung, daß der Abzugantrieb ein gesteuerter Synchronmotor ist. Infolgedessen wird erreicht, daß die Drehzahl des Abzugsantriebs stets auf die Drehzahl des Hauptantriebs abgestimmt ist, also ohne daß eine Regelung durchgeführt werden muß. Das wird insbesondere mit dadurch erreicht, daß die Steuerung des Synchronmotors über einen digitalen Frequenzumrichter erfolgt, der die vom Hauptantrieb abgeleitete Leitfrequenz verarbeitet bzw. eine dementsprechende Synchrongröße. Die digitale Frequenzumrichtung bringt es mit sich, daß die Ausgangsgröße des Frequenzumrichters stets exakt dessen Eingangsgröße entspricht, was bei analoger Umrichtung nicht zu erwarten ist, da hierbei Temperatur od.dgl. Einflüsse auf die Umrichterkennlinie dazu führen, daß wegen schwankender Ausgangsgröße nachgeregelt werden muß. Eine solche Nachregelung ist wegen des Regelungs- und Kostenaufwandes z.B. einer Servoachse nicht annehmbar. Andererseits ist ein Synchronmotor um ein Vielfaches preiswerter, als eine Servoachse, so daß sich eine kennzeichnungsgemäße Abzugsvorrichtung auch aus wirtschaftlichen Gründen empfiehlt.It is important for the invention that the trigger drive is a controlled synchronous motor. As a result, it is achieved that the speed of the trigger drive is always matched to the speed of the main drive, that is, without a regulation having to be carried out. This is achieved in particular by controlling the synchronous motor via a digital frequency converter, which processes the master frequency derived from the main drive or a corresponding synchronous variable. The digital frequency conversion entails that the output variable of the frequency converter always corresponds exactly to its input variable, which is not to be expected in the case of analog conversion, since here temperature or the like. Influences on the characteristic curve of the converter mean that readjustments are necessary due to fluctuating output variables. Such readjustment is e.g. due to the regulatory and cost expenditure a servo axis is not acceptable. On the other hand, a synchronous motor is many times cheaper than a servo axis, so that a trigger device according to the labeling is also recommended for economic reasons.

Damit die Vorrichtung störungsfrei arbeitet, ist sie so ausgebildet, daß das für den bestimmungsgemäßen Abzugbetrieb maximal erforderliche Abgabedrehmoment des Synchronmotors kleiner ist, als es der Nennleistung des Synchronmotors bei bestimmungsgemäßen Leitfrequenzen entspricht. Der Synchronmotor ist demgemäß stark zu dimensionieren, was aus wirtschaftlicher Sicht kein Nachteil ist, da Synchronmotoren der in Rede stehenden Leistungsbereiche von ca. 0,25 bis 0,75 kW nur geringe Preisunterschiede aufweisen.So that the device works trouble-free, it is designed so that for the intended deduction operation the maximum required output torque of the synchronous motor is less than the nominal power of the synchronous motor at the intended master frequencies. Accordingly, the synchronous motor has to be dimensioned strongly, which is not a disadvantage from an economic point of view, since synchronous motors of the power ranges in question from approx. 0.25 to 0.75 kW have only slight price differences.

Ferner muß die Vorrichtung für einen störungsfreien Betrieb so ausgestaltet sein, daß die maximale Leitfrequenz auf die bestimmungsgemäß maximale Drehzahl des Synchronmotors im Sinne eines ordnungsgemäßen Synchronantriebs abgestimmt ist. Diese weitere Dimensionierungsbedingung für den Synchronmotor ist ebenfalls ohne bedeutenden wirtschaftlichen Aufwand zu erfüllen.Furthermore, the device for trouble-free operation must be designed so that the maximum master frequency is matched to the intended maximum speed of the synchronous motor in the sense of a proper synchronous drive. This further dimensioning requirement for the synchronous motor can also be met without significant economic outlay.

Die Vorrichtung wird dadurch ausgestaltet, daß an den Hauptantrieb zur Ableitung der Leitfrequenz ein inkremental wirkender Drehimpulsgeber angeschlossen ist, dessen Ausgang an den Eingang eines Integrators zur Erzeugung digitaler Drehwinkelwerte angeschlossen ist. Die von dem inkremental wirkenden Drehimpulsgeber abgegebenen elektrischen Größen sind von dem digitalen Frequenzumrichter nicht ohne weiteres zu verarbeiten. Infolgedessen ist der Integrator dazu bestimmt, die Ausgangsgrößen des Drehimpulsgebers in digitale Drehwinkelwerte umzuformen, die der digitalen Frequenzumrichtung zugrundeliegen.The device is designed in such a way that an incremental rotary encoder is connected to the main drive for deriving the master frequency, the output of which is connected to the input of an integrator for generating digital angle of rotation values. The electrical variables emitted by the incrementally acting rotary pulse generator cannot be easily processed by the digital frequency converter. As a result, the integrator is designed to convert the output variables of the rotary pulse encoder into digital rotation angle values which are the basis of the digital frequency conversion.

Um zu erreichen, daß die gewünschte Verhältnissynchronizität zwischen den Drehzahlen des Hauptantriebs und des Abzugsantriebs mit der Steuereinrichtung erreicht werden kann, wird die Vorrichtung so ausgebildet, daß der Ausgang des digitalen Integrators mit dem Eingang eines Multiplizierers der die digitale Synchrongröße abzuändern gestattenden Steuereinrichtung verbunden ist. Der Multiplizierer wird von der Steuereinrichtung mit einem Verhältnismultiplikator beaufschlagt, der die digitale Synchrongröße wunschgemäß beeinflußt.In order to achieve that the desired ratio synchronicity between the speeds of the main drive and the trigger drive can be achieved with the control device, the device is designed such that the output of the digital integrator is connected to the input of a multiplier of the control device which allows the digital synchronous variable to be changed. The multiplier is acted upon by the control device with a ratio multiplier, which influences the digital synchronous variable as desired.

Um die Wirkungskette zwischen dem Hauptantrieb und dem Abzugsantrieb im Bereich des digitalen Frequenzumrichters zu schließen, ist die Vorrichtung so ausgebildet, daß der Ausgang des Multiplizierers an einen Eingang des digitalen Frequenzumrichters angeschlossen ist, dessen ein Steuerdrehfeld abgehende Ausgänge mit dem Synchronmotor in Verbindung stehen. Mit Hilfe des Steuerdrehfelds kann der Synchronmotor verhältnisgerecht gesteuert werden.To the chain of effects between the main drive and the trigger drive in the area of the digital frequency converter close, the device is designed such that the output of the multiplier is connected to an input of the digital frequency converter, the outputs of which go out of a control rotating field are connected to the synchronous motor. With the help of the rotary control field, the synchronous motor can be controlled proportionally.

Bei einer Vorrichtung zum Abzug flexiblen Langguts, die gemäß den vorbeschriebenen Merkmalen ausgebildet ist, kann es nicht verhindert werden, daß Fehler der Herstellungsmaschine zu Störungen des Betriebs führen. Die Sensibilität des Synchronmotors gegen Überlastungen kann jedoch ausgenutzt werden, um schwerwiegende Fehler in der Bearbeitungsmaschine zu vermeiden, weil der Synchronmotor kippt und damit stillsteht, bevor unzulässig große Kräfte wirksam werden. Infolgedessen ist es vorteilhaft, die Vorrichtung so auszubilden, daß für den Synchronmotor eine dessen Kippen und/oder Stillstand überwachende Fehleranzeige- oder Meldeeinrichtung vorhanden ist. Mit Hilfe der Fehleranzeige- oder Meldeeinrichtung ist es der Bedienung ohne weiteres möglich, die erforderlichen Maßnahmen zur Wiedereinleitung eines ordnungsgemäßen Betriebs zu treffen. Es versteht sich, daß die Überwachungseinrichtung auch in der Lage ist, etwa erforderliche Abschaltungen selbsttätig vorzunehmen.In the case of a device for extracting flexible long goods which is designed in accordance with the features described above, it cannot be prevented that errors in the production machine lead to malfunctions in the operation. However, the sensitivity of the synchronous motor to overloads can be exploited to avoid serious errors in the processing machine because the synchronous motor tilts and therefore comes to a standstill before excessive forces become effective. As a result, it is advantageous to design the device in such a way that an error indicator or signaling device which monitors its tilting and / or standstill is provided for the synchronous motor. With the help of the error display or signaling device, the operator can easily take the necessary measures to re-initiate proper operation. It goes without saying that the monitoring device is also able to carry out any necessary shutdowns automatically.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Fig.1
eine Seitenansicht einer Flechtmaschine in schematischer Darstellung, und
Fig.2
ein Blockschaltbild zur Erläuterung der wichtigsten Funktionen des Aufbaus einer erfindungsgemäßen Maschine und deren Funktionen.
The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. It shows:
Fig. 1
a side view of a braiding machine in a schematic representation, and
Fig. 2
a block diagram for explaining the most important functions of the construction of a machine according to the invention and their functions.

Gemäß Fig.1 hat die Herstellungsmaschine 11, eine Rotorflechtmaschine, ein Maschinengestell 28, auf dem ein Rotor 29 mit z.B. 16 Spulen in nicht dargestellter Weise drehbar gelagert ist. Zwischen dem Hauptantrieb 13 und dem Rotor 29 der Flechtmaschine ist ein Übersetzungsverhältnis von z.B. 1:8 bis 1:10 vorhanden. Der Hauptantrieb hat eine Leistung von z.B. 2,2 bis 3 kW. Mit Hilfe des Rotors 29 wird das flexible Langgut 10 hergestellt, das von einer Abzugsscheibe 31 abgezogen und aufgewickelt wird. Zum Antrieb der Abzugsscheibe 31 dient der Abzugsantrieb 12, also ein Motor, dessen Leistung beispielsweise 0,37 kW beträgt und die Abzugsscheibe z.B. mit einem Übersetzungsverhältnis von 1:150 bis 1:100 antreibt.According to FIG. 1, the production machine 11 has a rotor braiding machine and a machine frame 28 on which a rotor 29 with, for example, 16 coils is rotatably mounted in a manner not shown. A transmission ratio of, for example, 1: 8 to 1:10 is present between the main drive 13 and the rotor 29 of the braiding machine. The main drive has an output of e.g. 2.2 to 3 kW. With the help of the rotor 29, the flexible long product 10 is produced, which is drawn off and wound up by a take-off disk 31. The trigger drive 12 is used to drive the trigger disk 31, that is to say a motor, the output of which is, for example, 0.37 kW and drives the trigger disk, for example, with a transmission ratio of 1: 150 to 1: 100.

Gemäß Fig.2 erfolgt der Anschluß des Hauptantriebs 13 mit Hilfe eines Frequenzumrichters 31, der an eine Spannungsquelle 32 angeschlossen ist. Es ist eine maschinenführende Steuerung 33 vorhanden, die über einen Frequenzumrichter 31 auf den Hauptantrieb 13 einwirkt, z.B. über die schematisch dargestellte Wirkverbindung 34 zum Einschalten oder zum Ausschalten des Hauptantriebs.According to FIG. 2, the main drive 13 is connected with the aid of a frequency converter 31, which is connected to a voltage source 32. There is a machine control 33 which acts on the main drive 13 via a frequency converter 31, e.g. via the schematically represented operative connection 34 for switching on or for switching off the main drive.

Um den Abzugsantrieb 12 bzw. dessen Motor in Abhängigkeit vom Hauptantrieb 13 bzw. dessen Motor so zu beaufschlagen, daß die das flexible Langgut 10 bildende Flechtware konstruktionsgemäß ausgestaltet ist, wird eine Verhältnissynchronizität der Drehzahlen der Motoren des Abzugsantriebs 12 und des Hauptantriebs 13 angestrebt. Hierzu ist an den Hauptantrieb 13 ein Drehimpulsgeber 17 angeschlossen, der inkremental wirkt und entsprechend der Drehzahl des Hauptantriebmotors 13 Impulse abgibt, die eine Leitfrequenz f bilden. Diese Leitfrequenz bewegt sich im 400 kHz-Bereich, wenn der Drehimpulsgeber je Umdrehung ca. 4000 Impulse abgibt und mit etwa 100 Umdrehungen/min angetrieben wird. Der Ausgang 18 des Drehimpulsgebers 17 ist an den Eingang 19 eines Integrators 20 angeschlossen, der gemäß seiner Kennlinie an seinem Ausgang 21 digitale Drehwinkelwerte abgibt. Diese abgeleitete Synchrongröße muß beeinflußt werden, da der Motor des Abzugsantriebs 12 nicht mit derselben Umdrehungszahl laufen soll, wie der Motor des Hauptantriebs 13, sondern entsprechend der Konstruktion der Herstellungsmaschine und der Abzuggeschwindigkeit des Langguts 10 in einem bestimmten Verhältnis dazu, welches durch *K₁/K₂ bestimmt wird. Hierbei ist K₂ ein konstanter Faktor, der durch die Konstruktion der Herstellungsmaschine 11 bzw. des Abzugsantriebs 12 bestimmt ist, während K₁ ein sich entsprechend der Konstruktion des Langguts 10 unterschiedlich gestaltender Faktor ist. Die Beeinflussung der digitalen Drehwinkelgröße des Integrators 20 entsprechend dem vorbeschriebenen Verhältnis *K₁/K₂ erfolgt mit einem Multiplizierer, der wirkungsmäßig Bestandteil einer Steuereinrichtung 14 ist, die in der Fig.2 als in die maschinenführende Steuerung 33 integriert dargestellt wurde.In order to actuate the trigger drive 12 or its motor in dependence on the main drive 13 or its motor in such a way that the braiding material forming the flexible long goods 10 is designed in accordance with the design, the synchronism of the rotational speeds of the motors of the trigger drive 12 and the main drive 13 is sought. For this purpose, a rotary pulse generator 17 is connected to the main drive 13, which acts incrementally and emits pulses corresponding to the speed of the main drive motor 13, which form a master frequency f. This master frequency is in the 400 kHz range when the rotary pulse generator emits approx. 4000 pulses per revolution and is driven at around 100 revolutions / min. The output 18 of the rotary pulse generator 17 is connected to the input 19 of an integrator 20, which outputs digital rotation angle values at its output 21 according to its characteristic. This derived synchronous quantity must be influenced, since the motor of the trigger drive 12 should not run at the same number of revolutions as the motor of the main drive 13, but according to the construction of the manufacturing machine and the withdrawal speed of the long goods 10 in a certain ratio to this, which is determined by * K₁ / K₂ is determined. Here, K₂ is a constant factor, which is determined by the construction of the manufacturing machine 11 or the trigger drive 12, while K₁ is a differently shaped factor according to the construction of the long goods 10. Influencing the digital angle of rotation of the integrator 20 according to the above-described ratio * K₁ / K₂ is carried out with a multiplier, which is effectively part of a control device 14, which was shown in Fig.2 as integrated in the machine control 33.

Der Ausgang 24 des Multiplizierers 23 ist an einen Eingang 25 eines digitalen Frequenzumrichters 16 angeschlossen. Dieser Umrichter 16 hat ein Steuerdrehfeld abgebende Ausgänge 26, die mit dem Synchronmotor 15 in Verbindung stehen. Der digitale Frequenzumrichter 16 wandelt also die digitale Drehwinkelgröße digital in eine Steuergröße für den Synchronmotor 15 um. Der Frequenzumrichter 16 ist ein dreiphasiger vollständig digital ausgeführter Pulsfrequenzumrichter, der die Umrichtung der digitalen, dem gewünschten Verhältnis entsprechend umgeformte Synchrongröße digital durchführt und damit ohne Einflußnahnme von z.B. Temperatur und Spannungsschwankungen, so daß dem Synchronmotor 15 Drehfelder zugeführt werden, die eine der Leitfrequenz f verhältnisgerechte exakte Steuerung des Synchronmotors 15 erlauben, also ohne daß der Synchronmotor 15 geregelt werden müßte. Dieser Motor arbeitet also gesteuert.The output 24 of the multiplier 23 is connected to an input 25 of a digital frequency converter 16. This converter 16 has outputs 26 which output a control rotating field and are connected to the synchronous motor 15. The digital frequency converter 16 thus digitally converts the digital angle of rotation variable into a control variable for the synchronous motor 15. The frequency converter 16 is a three-phase, completely digitally designed pulse frequency converter, which digitally converts the digital synchronous variable, which is converted according to the desired ratio, and thus without influencing e.g. Temperature and voltage fluctuations, so that 15 rotating fields are supplied to the synchronous motor, which allow precise control of the synchronous motor 15 in proportion to the guide frequency f, that is, without the synchronous motor 15 having to be regulated. So this engine works controlled.

Um eine Steuerung des Synchronmotors 15 und damit einen ordnungsgemäßen Betrieb der Abzugsvorrichtung bei allen Betriebszuständen der Herstellungsmaschine 11 zu gewährleisten, muß der Synchronmotor entsprechend ausgebildet sein. Er muß beispielsweise hinsichtlich des von ihm abzugebenden Drehmoments so ausgelegt sein, daß dieses maximal seiner Nennleistung bei bestimmungsgemäßem Betrieb bzw. bei den maximal möglichen Leitfrequenzen f entspricht. Ferner müssen die maximalen Leitfrequenzen auf die bestimmungsgemäß maximale Drehzahl des Synchronmotors 15 abgestimmt werden, um einen ordnungsgemäßen Synchronbetrieb zu ermöglichen, bei dem also die maximale Drehzahl des Synchronmotors 15 zum Vermeiden eines Außertrittkommens nicht überschritten werden darf.In order to ensure control of the synchronous motor 15 and thus proper operation of the trigger device in all operating states of the production machine 11, the synchronous motor must be designed accordingly. For example, it must be designed with regard to the torque to be output by it in such a way that this corresponds at most to its nominal power when used as intended or at the maximum possible guide frequencies f. Furthermore, the maximum master frequencies must be matched to the intended maximum speed of the synchronous motor 15 in order to enable proper synchronous operation, in which the maximum speed of the synchronous motor 15 must not be exceeded to avoid coming out.

Infolge des Betriebs der Herstellungsmaschine 11 kann es zu Fehlern kommen, die zur Aufrechterhaltung der Abzugsgeschwindigkeit des Langguts 10 sehr schnell eine Abzugsleistung erfordern, welche größer ist, als die vom Synchronmotor zu verkraftende Überlast. Der Synchronmotor kann also sehr schnell außer Tritt kommen und kippen. Dieser Umstand kann andererseits dazu benutzt werden, den Betrieb der Maschine zu überwachen, indem eine Fehleranzeige- oder Meldereinrichtung 27 an den Synchronmotor 15 angeschlossen ist, welche sofort meldet, wenn der Synchronmotor 15 gekippt ist bzw. stillsteht.As a result of the operation of the production machine 11, errors can occur which very quickly result in a deduction performance in order to maintain the removal speed of the long goods 10 require which is greater than the overload to be coped with by the synchronous motor. The synchronous motor can very quickly get out of step and tip over. On the other hand, this fact can be used to monitor the operation of the machine by connecting an error indicator or signaling device 27 to the synchronous motor 15, which reports immediately when the synchronous motor 15 has tilted or stopped.

Claims (7)

Vorrichtung zum Abzug flexiblen Langguts (10) aus einer Herstellungsmaschine (11), insbesondere einer Flecht-, Rundstrick- od.dgl. Maschine, die einen Abzugsantrieb (12) hat, dessen Drehzahl entsprechend einer von einem Hauptantrieb (13) der Herstellungsmaschine (11) abgeleiteten Leitfrequenz (f) beeinflußbar ist, wobei eine die Leitfrequenz (f) oder eine davon abgeleitete Synchrongröße abzuändern gestattende Steuereinrichtung (14) vorhanden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abzugsantrieb (12) ein Synchronmotor (15) ist, dessen Drehzahl entsprechend der vom Hauptantrieb (13) abgeleiteten Leitfrequenz (f) über einen digitalen Frequenzumrichter (16) gesteuert ist.Device for withdrawing flexible long goods (10) from a production machine (11), in particular a braiding, circular knitting or the like. Machine which has a trigger drive (12), the speed of which can be influenced in accordance with a master frequency (f) derived from a main drive (13) of the production machine (11), a control device (14) allowing the master frequency (f) or a synchronous variable derived therefrom to be changed ) is present , characterized in that the trigger drive (12) is a synchronous motor (15), the speed of which is controlled via a digital frequency converter (16) in accordance with the master frequency (f) derived from the main drive (13). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das für den bestimmungsgemäßen Abzugbetrieb maximal erforderliche Abgabedrehmoment des Synchronmotors (15) kleiner ist, als es der Nennleistung des Synchronmotors (15) bei bestimmungsgemäßen Leitfrequenzen (f) entspricht.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the maximum output torque of the synchronous motor (15) required for the intended triggering operation is smaller than it corresponds to the nominal power of the synchronous motor (15) at the intended master frequencies (f). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die maximale Leitfrequenz (f) auf die bestimmungsgemäß maximale Drehzahl des Synchronmotors (15) im Sinne eines ordnungsgemäßen Synchronantriebs abgestimmt ist.Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the maximum master frequency (f) is matched to the intended maximum speed of the synchronous motor (15) in the sense of a proper synchronous drive. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an den Hauptantrieb (13) zur Ableitung der Leitfrequenz (f) ein inkremental wirkender Drehimpulsgeber (17) angeschlossen ist, dessen Ausgang (18) an den Eingang (19) eines Integrators (20) zur Erzeugung digitaler Drehwinkelwerte angeschlossen ist.Device according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an incrementally acting rotary pulse generator (17) is connected to the main drive (13) for deriving the master frequency (f), the output (18) of which is connected to the input (19) of an integrator (20) is connected to generate digital rotation angle values. Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ausgang (21) des digitalen Integrators (20) mit dem Eingang (22) eines Multiplikators (23) der die digitale Synchrongröße abzuändern gestattenden Steuereinrichtung (14) verbunden ist.Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the output (21) of the digital integrator (20) is connected to the input (22) of a multiplier (23) of the control device (14) which allows the digital synchronous variable to be changed. Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ausgang (24) des Multiplizierers (23) an einen Eingang (25) des digitalen Frequenzumrichters (16) angeschlossen ist, dessen ein Steuerdrehfeld abgehende Ausgänge (26) mit dem Synchronmotor (15) in Verbindung stehen.Apparatus according to one or more of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the output (24) of the multiplier (23) is connected to an input (25) of the digital frequency converter (16), the outputs (26) of which go out of a control field with the Synchronous motor (15) are connected. Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für den Synchronmotor (15) eine dessen Kippen und/oder Stillstand überwachende Fehleranzeige- oder Meldeeinrichtung (27) vorhanden ist.Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an error display or signaling device (27) is provided for the synchronous motor (15) to monitor its tilting and / or standstill.
EP94116882A 1993-12-13 1994-10-26 Take down device for oblong flexible articles on a manufacturing machine Expired - Lifetime EP0657570B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE9319096U 1993-12-13
DE9319096U DE9319096U1 (en) 1993-12-13 1993-12-13 Device for withdrawing flexible long goods from a manufacturing machine

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EP0657570A1 true EP0657570A1 (en) 1995-06-14
EP0657570B1 EP0657570B1 (en) 1998-01-28

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JP2014095157A (en) * 2012-11-07 2014-05-22 Precision Fukuhara Works Ltd Method and apparatus for take-up control in circular knitting machine
CN110055677B (en) * 2019-05-18 2024-01-30 徐州恒辉编织机械有限公司 Braiding machine host and take-up synchronous control device

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Also Published As

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EP0657570B1 (en) 1998-01-28
DE59405174D1 (en) 1998-03-05
DE9319096U1 (en) 1995-04-13
US5566604A (en) 1996-10-22
ES2115132T3 (en) 1998-06-16

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