EP0648290A1 - Rail anchoring device with plastic spring element. - Google Patents

Rail anchoring device with plastic spring element.

Info

Publication number
EP0648290A1
EP0648290A1 EP93912608A EP93912608A EP0648290A1 EP 0648290 A1 EP0648290 A1 EP 0648290A1 EP 93912608 A EP93912608 A EP 93912608A EP 93912608 A EP93912608 A EP 93912608A EP 0648290 A1 EP0648290 A1 EP 0648290A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
spring plate
rail foot
spring
fastening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93912608A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0648290B1 (en
Inventor
Wilfried Bonewitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Harms & Haffke GmbH
Harms & Haffke & Co GmbH
Original Assignee
Harms & Haffke GmbH
Harms & Haffke & Co GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Harms & Haffke GmbH, Harms & Haffke & Co GmbH filed Critical Harms & Haffke GmbH
Publication of EP0648290A1 publication Critical patent/EP0648290A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0648290B1 publication Critical patent/EP0648290B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
    • E01B9/28—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
    • E01B9/04—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry without clamp members
    • E01B9/10—Screws or bolts for sleepers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rail fastening with a spring element made of plastic according to the preamble of claim 1 and the alternative use of the spring element.
  • a spring element in combination with a steel spring is known from AT 344 768, which can transmit horizontal and vertical forces in the case of a rail fastening.
  • AT 344 768 A spring element in combination with a steel spring is known from AT 344 768, which can transmit horizontal and vertical forces in the case of a rail fastening.
  • EP 0 393 432 A2 proposes a spring element made of cold-resistant thermoplastic polyurethane which can be used in a variety of ways as an impact Damping, electrically insulating tension spring can be used for rail fastening using a sleeper screw or spring nail.
  • the spring element is used there, possibly in combination with other components, in order to ensure not only vertical but also transverse horizontal rail foot fixation.
  • the insulating arrangement of the spring element between the steel components should also contribute to noise reduction and wear reduction.
  • the design and arrangement of the spring elements only allow a small spring travel. Despite optional indications that the system can be preassembled, practice has shown that the spring elements are so large that preassembly is practically impossible.
  • the invention is based on the problem of an optimal, small-sized vertical bracing of the rail foot, which is equipped with a few components, and which is relatively large
  • the fastening system should be preassembled.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the positive properties of spring elements made of plastic can be used for substantial increases in the elasticity behavior, in particular the cold-resistant thermoplastic polyurethane which has been tried and tested by the inventors.
  • the spring element according to the invention is designed as a substantially flat spring plate or spring washer, which has a more or less large projection on the edge from the lower surface in the sense of a nose parallel to the edge.
  • the nose ends in a surface which is complementary to the rail foot surface and with which it lies flat on the rail foot.
  • the spring element is fixed on the rail foot on the one hand and on the sub-swell or on the other hand on the surface of the sub-swell by means of corresponding clamping forces applied by means of sleeper screw, hook screw or the like.
  • the clamping torques are usually specified as theoretical values; the spring element now transfers these unevenly to the parts to be tensioned. Due to the larger spring travel, the rail foot is tensioned more strongly by the nose than the part of the spring plate that rests on the swelling.
  • the spring travel can be designed differently. This is particularly important because this measure enables the use of different resilient rail supports without significantly changing the overall height of the rail fastening.
  • the spring plate can be supported both on the rear part of the undulation and in the area next to the fastening bolt.
  • a ribbed plate or a corresponding angle element on a wooden or steel sleeper can also serve as a support on the sublimation.
  • a sleeper screw with a large head or a load distribution plate, preferably made of steel, arranged between the sleeper screw or a hook screw with nut can be used. In this case, the frictional force resulting from the rotary movement of the screw is also absorbed by the metal plate and damage to the surface of the spring element is avoided and a reliable application of the defined clamping force is ensured even with varying temperature of the spring element.
  • the spring plate possibly also the metal plate, has an elongated hole which extends transversely to the rail. It is thus possible to rotate the spring plate by 180 ° and to move it away from the rail foot and to fix it on the undersize. In this position, a rail can be placed between the fastening elements without having to actuate them (pre-assembly position).
  • the spring element provided with a nose against lateral displacement for example a hook screw fastening.
  • a plastic part arranged for electrical insulation next to the rail foot for example in the form of an angle strip that grips under the rail foot and exceeds its height, can be used, which can have a recess in the area of a dowel anchorage of the fastening bolt.
  • the dowel can take over the function of the plastic part and also have the same elasticity, ie also from the same Material be made. If the dowel protrudes beyond the sub-threshold, it can also serve to guide the rail foot and the fastening bolt at the same time.
  • the spring plate shaped according to the invention can also be used for tracks subject to considerable transverse displacement, if the sublimation is equipped at a distance from the rail foot with an abutment over which the nose of the spring plate positively engages and in this position - similar to the pre-assembly position - is fixed.
  • the rail foot is then held by the - actually rear - bearing surface of the spring plate. This fastening method also secures the spring plate against rotation from its desired position.
  • the spring plate is of particular importance for rail fastenings, compared to normal ones
  • Attachment must have lower push-through resistance, for example for rail mounting on bridges. Due to the possible relative displacement between the bridge construction and the gapless track lying on it, a longitudinal extension of the bridge must be permitted without substantial additional forces being transferred to the rail. This is achieved by setting the nose height and thus the effective clamping force of the fastening system to the lower value. Alternatively, the frictional force between the nose of the spring plate and the rail foot can be reduced by reducing the area ratio between the pressing surface of the nose and the bearing surface of the spring element on the lower swell.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of a rail fastening in partial section
  • FIG. 2 shows a rail fastening according to FIG. 1 in the preassembly position
  • Fig. 3 shows another rail fastening in
  • FIG. 4 is a top view of a rail fastening according to FIG. 3;
  • Fig. 5 shows another rail fastening.
  • a rail foot 1 rests with an elastic intermediate layer 2 on the sublimation 6, a prestressed concrete sleeper.
  • a threshold screw 3 presses with its head onto a metal plate 4 and thus introduces the clamping forces of the screw anchored in dowel 7 in the sublimation 6 into the spring plate 5.
  • the nose 26 presses down the rail foot 1, while the rear part 27 of the spring plate lowers by a further dimension after the screw has been rotated until it rests on a support on the swell 6.
  • the spring element the spring plate 5
  • the spring element has an elongated hole 9, so that, as shown in FIG. 2, the spring plate 5 is rotated by 180 ° and pushed away from the rail foot 1 into a position which enables the rail foot to be closed remove without removing the fastening parts.
  • the rail fastening can be fixed on the sub-threshold in the manufacturing plant and then transported to the construction site and positioned there. This eliminates the laborious assembly of the fastening elements on the construction site.
  • the anchoring dowel 7 protrudes far beyond the swelling. It serves as a cross-slide protection for the rail and insulation and as a guide for the fastening bolt 3.
  • FIG. 3 shows another fastening of the rail foot 1 on an under-swelling 17, for example a steel bridge or a rib plate attached to a bridge, with the elastic intermediate plate 2 being interposed.
  • the under-swelling has a rib 16 with a recess for a hook screw 11, the rib being electrically insulated from the rail foot 1 by a plastic angle strip 14.
  • a spring plate 15 is pressed with a nose 28 against the rail foot 1 by an overlying steel plate 13 for force distribution by means of clamping torques applied to nut 12 of the hook screw 11.
  • the dimension b between the rear bearing part 29 of the spring plate 15 corresponds to the height of the nose 28.
  • the nose 26 in a spring plate 5 similar to the k superstructure has a height of approximately 10 mm with a thickness of remaining spring plate of about 6-8 mm
  • the nose 28 is only about 3 mm high with this attachment to a bridge. This measure reduces the pressure of the nose 28 on the rail foot 1 with identical clamping torques for both spring plates 5, 15, so that the push-through resistance for the rail foot 1 is also reduced.
  • the hook screw 11 In the pre-assembly position, the hook screw 11 is pushed somewhat out of its clamping position from the rail foot 1 and fixed there. An elongated hole in the spring plate 15 is therefore unnecessary.
  • FIG. 4 shows a top view of the fastening according to FIG. 3, but the nut 12 is not shown.
  • the angle bar 14 is used for the electrical insulation of the rail foot 1 and in operative connection with the nose 28 of the spring plate 15 as rotation and displacement protection of the fastening.
  • FIG 5 shows a rail foot 1 which rests on a wooden sleeper 21 with intermediate plates 2, 20.
  • a steel bracket 23 serves as an abutment for the nose 22 of a spring plate 25, which is held by sleeper screw 3.
  • the edge 24 of the rear part of the spring plate 25 presses the rail foot.
  • the spring plate 25 is locked against rotation in the assembly position shown.
  • the edge 24 acts practically as a nose here, since the spring travel c in the resulting tensioning direction of the sleeper screw 3 is considerably larger than the thickness of the spring plate 5.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

A rail anchoring element has a fastening bolt (3) which extends through a plastic spring element (5) and is anchored in the soleplate (6), clamping the plastic element (5) between a rail foot (1) and a support on the soleplate (6). The spring element is designed as an elastic plate provided on its lower side with a downwardly projecting lug (26) which clamps the rail foot. The elastic plate should be made of thermoplastic polyurethane. The varying thickness of different sections of the elastic plate allows variable spring excursions and clamping forces to be set for a rail foot in relation to the reaction forces at the soleplate. The lug, if required combined with other components on the soleplate, secures the bracing construction against rotation and if required against transverse sliding.

Description

Schienenbefestigung mit Federelement aus KunststoffRail fastening with plastic spring element
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schienenbefestigung mit einem Federelement aus Kunststoff gemäß dem Oberbe¬ griff des Anspruches 1 sowie der alternativen Verwen¬ dung des Federelementes.The invention relates to a rail fastening with a spring element made of plastic according to the preamble of claim 1 and the alternative use of the spring element.
Bei derartigen Schienenbefestigungen auf allen Unter- Schwellungsarten aus Holz, Beton oder Stahl gehen die Bestrebungen dahin, die dauerhafte elastische Fahr¬ bahnverspannung, eine elastische Horizontalkraftüber¬ tragung, eine Verringerung des Verschleißes, eine Verbesserung des elektrischen Isolierverhaltens, eine Erhöhung der Mechanisierungs- und Automatisierungs¬ freundlichkeit für Montage und Erhaltung sowie eine Verbesserung der Lärmminderung zu gewährleisten.With rail fastenings of this type on all types of under-swelling made of wood, concrete or steel, efforts are being made to achieve permanent elastic tensioning of the roadway, elastic horizontal force transmission, a reduction in wear, an improvement in the electrical insulation behavior, and an increase in mechanization and automation ¬ to ensure friendliness for assembly and maintenance as well as an improvement in noise reduction.
Aus der AT 344 768 ist ein Federelement in Kombina- tion mit einer Stahlfeder bekannt, das Horizontal- und Vertikalkräfte bei einer Schienenbefestigung übertragen kann. Mit dem mehrteiligen Federsystem können Kräfte nur gleichmäßig auf das System und da¬ mit auf den Schienenfuß und die schwellenseitigen Auflager gebracht werden, bei allseitig konstanten Federwegen.A spring element in combination with a steel spring is known from AT 344 768, which can transmit horizontal and vertical forces in the case of a rail fastening. With the multi-part spring system, forces can only be applied evenly to the system and thus to the rail foot and the sleeper-side supports, with constant spring travel on all sides.
Ein ähnliches System ist in der AT 295 578 offenbart, wo zwischen Befestigungsbolzen und Federelement eine federnde Druckverteilungsplatte aus Metall angeordnet ist.A similar system is disclosed in AT 295 578, where a resilient metal pressure distribution plate is arranged between the fastening bolt and the spring element.
Mit der EP 0 393 432 A2 wurde ein Federelement aus kältebeständigem thermoplastischem Polyurethan vor- geschlagen, welches in vielfältiger Weise als stoß- dämpfende, elektrisch isolierende Spannfeder für eine Schienenbefestigung mittels Schwellenschraube oder Federnagel einsetzbar ist. Das Federelement wird dort, gegebenenfalls in Kombination mit weiteren Bau- teilen, eingesetzt, um neben einer vertikalen gleich¬ zeitig eine quergerichtete horizontale Schienenfußfi¬ xierung zu gewährleisten. Die isolierende Anordnung des Federlementes zwischen den Stahlbauteilen soll auch zur Lärmminderung und Verschleißminderung bei- tragen. Die Gestaltung und die Anordnung der Feder¬ elemente lassen jedoch nur einen geringen Federweg zu. Trotz fakultativer Hinweise auf eine Vormontage¬ fähigkeit des Systems hat die Praxis gezeigt, daß die Federlemente so groß bauen, daß eine Vormontage prak- tisch ausgeschlossen ist.EP 0 393 432 A2 proposes a spring element made of cold-resistant thermoplastic polyurethane which can be used in a variety of ways as an impact Damping, electrically insulating tension spring can be used for rail fastening using a sleeper screw or spring nail. The spring element is used there, possibly in combination with other components, in order to ensure not only vertical but also transverse horizontal rail foot fixation. The insulating arrangement of the spring element between the steel components should also contribute to noise reduction and wear reduction. However, the design and arrangement of the spring elements only allow a small spring travel. Despite optional indications that the system can be preassembled, practice has shown that the spring elements are so large that preassembly is practically impossible.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der Er¬ findung das Problem zugrunde, eine optimale, klein bauende, mit wenigen Bauteilen ausgestattete Verti- kalverspannung des Schienenfußes mit relativ großenProceeding from this prior art, the invention is based on the problem of an optimal, small-sized vertical bracing of the rail foot, which is equipped with a few components, and which is relatively large
Federwegen für alle Unterschwellungsarten zu ermögli¬ chen, die neben elektrischer Isolationswirkung auch eine weitere Lärmminderung bewirkt. Gegebenenfalls soll das Befestigungssystem vormontierbar sein.To allow spring travel for all types of sublimation, which in addition to electrical insulation also brings about a further reduction in noise. If necessary, the fastening system should be preassembled.
Das Problem wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Ansprüche 1 und 9 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Er¬ findung sind in den Unteransprüchen erfaßt.The problem is solved according to the invention by claims 1 and 9. Advantageous further developments of the invention are covered in the subclaims.
Die Erfindung geht von der Erkenntnis aus, daß die positiven Eigenschaften von Federelementen aus Kunst¬ stoff für wesentliche Steigerungen des Elastizitäts¬ verhaltens genutzt werden können, wobei insbesondere das von der Erfindern erprobte kältebeständige ther- moplastische Polyurethan angewendet werden sollte. Das erfindungsgemäße Federelement wird als im wesent¬ lichen plane Federplatte oder Federscheibe ausgebil¬ det, welches an einer Kante von der Unterfläche aus¬ gehend einen mehr oder minder großen Vorsprung im Sinne als einer zur Kante parallelen Nase aufweist.The invention is based on the knowledge that the positive properties of spring elements made of plastic can be used for substantial increases in the elasticity behavior, in particular the cold-resistant thermoplastic polyurethane which has been tried and tested by the inventors. The spring element according to the invention is designed as a substantially flat spring plate or spring washer, which has a more or less large projection on the edge from the lower surface in the sense of a nose parallel to the edge.
Die Nase endet - mit Ausnahme eines speziellen Anwen¬ dungsfalles - in eine zur Schienenfußoberfläche kom¬ plementäre Fläche mit der sie auf dem Schienenfuß plan aufliegt. Das Federelement wird durch entspre- chende mittels Schwellenschraube, Hakenschraube oder ähnlichem aufgebrachte Spannkräfte einerseits auf dem Schienenfuß und andererseits auf der UnterSchwellung oder einem speziell gestalteten Teil auf der Oberflä¬ che der Unterschwellung fixiert. Die Spannmomente werden als theoretische Werte in der Regel vorgege¬ ben; das Federelement überträgt diese nunmehr un¬ gleichmäßig auf die zu spannenden Teile. Durch die Nase wird der Schienenfuß entsprechend des größeren Federweges kräftiger gespannt als der Teil der Feder- platte, der auf der UnterSchwellung ruht.With the exception of a special application, the nose ends in a surface which is complementary to the rail foot surface and with which it lies flat on the rail foot. The spring element is fixed on the rail foot on the one hand and on the sub-swell or on the other hand on the surface of the sub-swell by means of corresponding clamping forces applied by means of sleeper screw, hook screw or the like. The clamping torques are usually specified as theoretical values; the spring element now transfers these unevenly to the parts to be tensioned. Due to the larger spring travel, the rail foot is tensioned more strongly by the nose than the part of the spring plate that rests on the swelling.
Durch die Höhe der Nase in Kombination mit der vor¬ gegebenen Dicke der Federplatte im planen Teil kann somit der Federweg unterschiedlich gestaltet werden. Dies ist besonders wichtig, weil durch diese Maßnahme die Verwendung unterschiedlicher federnder Schienen¬ unterlagen möglich ist, ohne die Bauhöhe der Schie¬ nenbefestigung wesentlich zu ändern. Die Abstützung der Federplatte kann sowohl auf den rückwärtigen Teil der Unterschwellung als auch im Bereich neben dem Befestigungsbolzen erfolgen. Als Auflager auf der Unterschwellung kann außer der Oberfläche, zum Bei¬ spiel einer Betonschwelle, auch eine Rippenplatte oder ein entsprechendes Winkelelement auf einer Holz- oder Stahlschwelle dienen. Zur gleichmäßigen Verteilung der Spannkraft auf das Federelement kann eine Schwellenschraube mit großem Kopf oder eine zwischen der Schwellenschraube bezie¬ hungsweise einer Hakenschraube mit Mutter angeordne- ten Lastverteilungsplatte, vorzugsweise aus Stahl, Verwendung finden. In diesem Fall wird außerdem die aus der Drehbewegung der Schraube resultierende Reib¬ kraft von der Metallplatte aufgenommen und eine Be¬ schädigung der Oberfläche des Federelementes vermie- den sowie eine zuverlässige Aufbringung der definier¬ ten VerSpannkraft auch bei variierender Temperatur des Federelementes gesichert.Due to the height of the nose in combination with the given thickness of the spring plate in the flat part, the spring travel can be designed differently. This is particularly important because this measure enables the use of different resilient rail supports without significantly changing the overall height of the rail fastening. The spring plate can be supported both on the rear part of the undulation and in the area next to the fastening bolt. In addition to the surface, for example a concrete sleeper, a ribbed plate or a corresponding angle element on a wooden or steel sleeper can also serve as a support on the sublimation. For the uniform distribution of the clamping force on the spring element, a sleeper screw with a large head or a load distribution plate, preferably made of steel, arranged between the sleeper screw or a hook screw with nut can be used. In this case, the frictional force resulting from the rotary movement of the screw is also absorbed by the metal plate and damage to the surface of the spring element is avoided and a reliable application of the defined clamping force is ensured even with varying temperature of the spring element.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung erhält die Federplatte, gegebenenfalls auch die Metallplatte, ein Langloch, das sich quer zur Schiene erstreckt. Damit ist es möglich, die Federplatte um 180° zu dre¬ hen und vom Schienenfuß weg zu verschieben und auf der Unterschwellung zu fixieren. In dieser Position kann eine Schiene zwischen die Befestigungselemente gelegt werden ohne diese betätigen zu müssen (Vormon¬ tagestellung) .In a further embodiment of the invention, the spring plate, possibly also the metal plate, has an elongated hole which extends transversely to the rail. It is thus possible to rotate the spring plate by 180 ° and to move it away from the rail foot and to fix it on the undersize. In this position, a rail can be placed between the fastening elements without having to actuate them (pre-assembly position).
Des weiteren ist es erfindungsgemäß möglich, das mit einer Nase versehene Federelement gegen seitliches Verschieben, zum Beispiel einer Hakenschraubenbefe¬ stigung, zu sichern. Dazu kann ein zur elektrischen Isolierung neben dem Schienenfuß angeordnetes Kunst¬ stoffteil, beispielsweise in Form einer den Schienen- fuß untergreifenden und dessen Höhe überschreitende Winkelleiste, dienen, das im Bereich einer Dübelver¬ ankerung des Befestigungsbolzens eine Aussparung auf¬ weisen kann. Gegebenenfalls kann der Dübel die Funk¬ tion des Kunststoffteiles übernehmen und auch die gleiche Elastizität aufweisen, d.h. auch aus gleichem Material gefertigt sein. Wenn der Dübel über die Un¬ terschwellung ragt, kann er gleichzeitig auch der Führung des Schienenfußes und des Befestigungsbolzens dienen.Furthermore, it is possible according to the invention to secure the spring element provided with a nose against lateral displacement, for example a hook screw fastening. For this purpose, a plastic part arranged for electrical insulation next to the rail foot, for example in the form of an angle strip that grips under the rail foot and exceeds its height, can be used, which can have a recess in the area of a dowel anchorage of the fastening bolt. If necessary, the dowel can take over the function of the plastic part and also have the same elasticity, ie also from the same Material be made. If the dowel protrudes beyond the sub-threshold, it can also serve to guide the rail foot and the fastening bolt at the same time.
Alternativ kann die erfindungsgemäß geformte Feder¬ platte auch für erhebliche Querverschiebung unterlie¬ gende Gleise Anwendung finden, wenn die Unterschwel¬ lung mit Abstand zum Schienenfuß mit einem Widerlager ausgestattet ist, über welches die Nase der Feder¬ platte formschlüssig hinübergreift und in dieser Po¬ sition - ähnlich der Vormontagestellung - fixiert wird. Dabei wird dann der Schienenfuß durch die - eigentlich rückwärtige - Auflagerfläche der Feder- platte gehalten. Auch diese Befestigungsmethode si¬ chert die Federplatte gegen Verdrehung aus ihrer Sollposition.Alternatively, the spring plate shaped according to the invention can also be used for tracks subject to considerable transverse displacement, if the sublimation is equipped at a distance from the rail foot with an abutment over which the nose of the spring plate positively engages and in this position - similar to the pre-assembly position - is fixed. The rail foot is then held by the - actually rear - bearing surface of the spring plate. This fastening method also secures the spring plate against rotation from its desired position.
Die Federplatte gewinnt besondere Bedeutung bei Schienenbefestigungen, die einen gegenüber normalerThe spring plate is of particular importance for rail fastenings, compared to normal ones
Befestigung geringeren Durchschubwiderstand aufweisen müssen, beispielsweise für die Schienenlagerung auf Brücken. Bedingt durch mögliche Relatiwerschiebung zwischen der Brückenkonstruktion und dem aufliegenden lückenlosen Gleis muß eine Längsdehnung der Brücke zugelassen werden, ohne daß wesentliche zusätzliche Kräfte in die Schiene übertragen werden. Dies wird erreicht, indem die Nasenhöhe und damit die effektiv wirkende Verspannkraft des Befestigungssystems auf den geringeren Wert eingestellt wird. Alternativ kann die Reibkraft zwischen der Nase der Federplatte und dem Schienenfuß reduziert werden, indem das Flächen¬ verhältnis zwischen der Pressfläche der Nase und der Auflagerfläche des Federelementes auf der Unter- Schwellung verringert wird. Die Erfindung soll anhand einiger schematischer Dar¬ stellungen näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen:Attachment must have lower push-through resistance, for example for rail mounting on bridges. Due to the possible relative displacement between the bridge construction and the gapless track lying on it, a longitudinal extension of the bridge must be permitted without substantial additional forces being transferred to the rail. This is achieved by setting the nose height and thus the effective clamping force of the fastening system to the lower value. Alternatively, the frictional force between the nose of the spring plate and the rail foot can be reduced by reducing the area ratio between the pressing surface of the nose and the bearing surface of the spring element on the lower swell. The invention will be explained in more detail with the aid of a few schematic representations. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht einer Schienenbefe- stigung im Teilschnitt;1 shows a side view of a rail fastening in partial section;
Fig. 2 eine Schienenbefestigung gemäß Fig. 1 in Vormontagestellung;FIG. 2 shows a rail fastening according to FIG. 1 in the preassembly position;
Fig. 3 eine andere Schienenbefestigung imFig. 3 shows another rail fastening in
Teilschnitt;Partial cut;
Fig. 4 eine Schienenbefestigung gemäß Fig. 3 in Draufsicht; undFIG. 4 is a top view of a rail fastening according to FIG. 3; and
Fig. 5 eine weitere Schienenbefestigung.Fig. 5 shows another rail fastening.
Ein Schienenfuß 1 ruht mit einer elastischen Zwischenlage 2 auf der Unterschwellung 6, einer Spannbetonschwelle. Eine Schwellenschraube 3 drückt mit ihrem Kopf auf eine Metallplatte 4 und leitet so die Spannkräfte der in Dübel 7 in der Unterschwellung 6 verankerten Schraube in die Federplatte 5 ein. In der dargestellten Position der Federplatte preßt die Nase 26 den Schienenfuß 1 nieder, während der rück¬ wärtige Teil 27 der Federplatte sich nach weiteren Umdrehungen der Schraube um das Maß a senkt, bis es auf einem Auflager an der Unterschwellung 6 aufliegt. Da die Nase 26 ihre Montagestellung eher erreicht als die anderen Teile der Federplatte 5, sind die auf den Schienenfuß aufgebrachten Kräfte größer - bei glei¬ chen Flächenverhältnissen - als die Auflagerkräfte auf der Unterschwellung beziehungsweise der Federweg für den Schienenfuß 1 ist größer als der verfügbare Federweg an den restlichen Teilen der Federplatte 5 (Fig. 1).A rail foot 1 rests with an elastic intermediate layer 2 on the sublimation 6, a prestressed concrete sleeper. A threshold screw 3 presses with its head onto a metal plate 4 and thus introduces the clamping forces of the screw anchored in dowel 7 in the sublimation 6 into the spring plate 5. In the illustrated position of the spring plate, the nose 26 presses down the rail foot 1, while the rear part 27 of the spring plate lowers by a further dimension after the screw has been rotated until it rests on a support on the swell 6. Since the nose 26 reaches its mounting position sooner than the other parts of the spring plate 5, the forces applied to the rail foot are greater - with the same surface conditions - than the support forces on the swell or the spring travel for the rail foot 1 is greater than the available one Travel on the remaining parts of the spring plate 5 (Fig. 1).
Das Federelement, die Federplatte 5, weist ein Lang- loch 9 auf, so daß gemäß Darstellung in Fig. 2 die Federplatte 5 um 180° gedreht und vom Schienenfuß 1 weggeschoben, in eine Position gelangt, die es ermög¬ licht, den Schienenfuß zu entnehmen, ohne die Befe¬ stigungsteile zu entfernen. In dieser Position kann die Schienenbefestigung im Herstellerwerk auf der Unterschwellung fixiert und sodann zur Baustelle transportiert und dort positioniert werden. Damit entfällt eine mühsame Montage der Befestigungselemen¬ te auf der Baustelle. Der Verankerungsdübel 7 ragt hier weit über die Unterschwellung hinaus. Er dient als Querverschiebesicherung für die Schiene und Iso¬ lierung sowie Führung für den Befestigungsbolzen 3.The spring element, the spring plate 5, has an elongated hole 9, so that, as shown in FIG. 2, the spring plate 5 is rotated by 180 ° and pushed away from the rail foot 1 into a position which enables the rail foot to be closed remove without removing the fastening parts. In this position, the rail fastening can be fixed on the sub-threshold in the manufacturing plant and then transported to the construction site and positioned there. This eliminates the laborious assembly of the fastening elements on the construction site. The anchoring dowel 7 protrudes far beyond the swelling. It serves as a cross-slide protection for the rail and insulation and as a guide for the fastening bolt 3.
Fig. 3 zeigt eine andere Befestigung des Schienenfu- ßes 1 auf einer UnterSchwellung 17, zum Beispiel ei¬ ner Stahlbrücke beziehungsweise einer auf einer Brüc¬ ke angebrachten Rippenplatte, unter Zwischenfügung der elastischen Zwischenplatte 2. Die Unterschwellung weist eine Rippe 16 mit einer Ausnehmung für eine Hakenschraube 11 auf, wobei die Rippe elektrisch durch eine Kunststoff-Winkelleiste 14 gegen den Schienenfuß 1 isoliert ist. Eine Federplatte 15 wird durch eine darüberliegende Stahlplatte 13 zur Kraft¬ verteilung durch auf Mutter 12 der Hakenschraube 11 aufgebrachte Spannmomente mit der Nase 28 gegen den Schienenfuß 1 gepreßt. Das Maß b zwischen dem rück¬ wärtigen Auflagerteil 29 der Federplatte 15 ent¬ spricht der Höhe der Nase 28. Während beispielsweise die Nase 26 bei einer dem k-Oberbau ähnlichen Feder- platte 5 eine Höhe von etwa 10 mm bei einer Dicke der restlichen Federplatte von etwa 6-8 mm aufweist, ist bei dieser Befestigung auf einer Brücke die Nase 28 nur etwa 3 mm hoch. Durch diese Maßnahme wird bei identischen Spannmomenten für beide Federplatten 5, 15 die Pressung der Nase 28 auf den Schienenfuß 1 verringert, so daß der Durchschubwiderstand für den Schienenfuß 1 ebenfalls verringert wird. In Vormon¬ tagestellung ist die Hakenschraube 11 etwas aus ihrer Spannposition vom Schienenfuß 1 weggeschoben und dort fixiert. Ein Langloch in der Federplatte 15 erübrigt sich daher.3 shows another fastening of the rail foot 1 on an under-swelling 17, for example a steel bridge or a rib plate attached to a bridge, with the elastic intermediate plate 2 being interposed. The under-swelling has a rib 16 with a recess for a hook screw 11, the rib being electrically insulated from the rail foot 1 by a plastic angle strip 14. A spring plate 15 is pressed with a nose 28 against the rail foot 1 by an overlying steel plate 13 for force distribution by means of clamping torques applied to nut 12 of the hook screw 11. The dimension b between the rear bearing part 29 of the spring plate 15 corresponds to the height of the nose 28. While, for example, the nose 26 in a spring plate 5 similar to the k superstructure has a height of approximately 10 mm with a thickness of remaining spring plate of about 6-8 mm, the nose 28 is only about 3 mm high with this attachment to a bridge. This measure reduces the pressure of the nose 28 on the rail foot 1 with identical clamping torques for both spring plates 5, 15, so that the push-through resistance for the rail foot 1 is also reduced. In the pre-assembly position, the hook screw 11 is pushed somewhat out of its clamping position from the rail foot 1 and fixed there. An elongated hole in the spring plate 15 is therefore unnecessary.
Fig. 4 zeigt in Draufsicht die Befestigung gemäß Fig. 3, wobei jedoch die Mutter 12 nicht dargestellt ist. Die Winkelleiste 14 dient der elektrischen Isolierung des Schienenfußes 1 und in Wirkverbindung mit der Nase 28 der Federplatte 15 als Verdreh- und Verschie¬ besicherung der Befestigung.FIG. 4 shows a top view of the fastening according to FIG. 3, but the nut 12 is not shown. The angle bar 14 is used for the electrical insulation of the rail foot 1 and in operative connection with the nose 28 of the spring plate 15 as rotation and displacement protection of the fastening.
Fig. 5 zeigt einen Schienenfuß 1 der mit Zwischen¬ platten 2, 20 auf einer Holzschwelle 21 ruht. Ein Stahlwinkel 23 dient als Widerlager für die Nase 22 einer Federplatte 25, die durch Schwellenschraube 3 gehalten wird. In diesem Falle preßt die Kante 24 des rückwärtigen Teiles der Federplatte 25 den Schienen¬ fuß. Die Federplatte 25 ist in der dargestellten Mon¬ tagestellung verdrehsicher arretiert. Die Kante 24 wirkt hier praktisch als Nase, da der Federweg c in der resultierenden Spannrichtung der Schwellenschrau- be 3 erheblich größer als die Dicke der Federplatte 5 ist. 5 shows a rail foot 1 which rests on a wooden sleeper 21 with intermediate plates 2, 20. A steel bracket 23 serves as an abutment for the nose 22 of a spring plate 25, which is held by sleeper screw 3. In this case, the edge 24 of the rear part of the spring plate 25 presses the rail foot. The spring plate 25 is locked against rotation in the assembly position shown. The edge 24 acts practically as a nose here, since the spring travel c in the resulting tensioning direction of the sleeper screw 3 is considerably larger than the thickness of the spring plate 5.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Schienenbefestigung mit einem ein Federelement aus Kunststoff durchgreifenden und zwischen ei- nem Schienenfuß und einem Auflager an einer Un¬ terschwellung spannenden, in der Unterschwellung verankerten, Befestigungsbolzen, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß das Federelement als Federplatte (5, 15, 25) ausgebildet ist und eine von ihrer Unterseite nach unten hervorragende, auf den1. Rail fastening with a fastening bolt penetrating a spring element made of plastic and tensioning between a rail foot and a support on a sub-threshold, anchored in the sub-threshold, characterized in that the spring element as a spring plate (5, 15, 25) is formed and an excellent from the bottom to the bottom
Schienenfuß (1) spannbare, Nase (26, 28) auf¬ weist und das Auflager (8, 16,23) als Erhöhung auf der Unterschwellung (6, 17, 21) ausgebildet ist.Rail foot (1) has a tensionable nose (26, 28) and the support (8, 16, 23) is designed as an elevation on the sublimation (6, 17, 21).
2. Schienenbefestigung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an der Federplatte (5, 15) die Höhe der Nase (26, 28) und die Größe ihrer Auflagerfläche auf der Oberfläche des Schienen- fußes (1) in Abhängigkeit von einer vordefinier¬ ten Spannkraft des Befestigungsbolzens (3, 11) bestimmbar ist.2. Rail fastening according to claim 1, characterized in that on the spring plate (5, 15) the height of the nose (26, 28) and the size of its support surface on the surface of the rail foot (1) depending on a predefined The clamping force of the fastening bolt (3, 11) can be determined.
3. Schienenbefestigung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, da- durch gekennzeichnet, daß die Federplatte (5,3. Rail fastening according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spring plate (5,
15, 25) aus thermoplastischem Polyurethan be¬ steht.15, 25) consists of thermoplastic polyurethane.
4. Schienenbefestigung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen der4. Rail fastening according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that between the
Federplatte (5, 15, 25) und dem Befestigungsbol¬ zen (3, 11) ein die Spannkräfte verteilendes Metallelement angeordnet ist. Spring plate (5, 15, 25) and the fastening bolt (3, 11) a metal element distributing the clamping forces is arranged.
5. Schienenbefestigung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß seitlich des Schienenfußes (1) eine über diesen nach oben hinausragende Kunststoffleiste (14) angeordnet ist, die gegebenenfalls im Bereich einer Dübel¬ verankerung (7) ausgespart sein kann.5. Rail fastening according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a plastic strip (14) projecting above the rail base (1) is arranged to the side of the rail foot (1) and can optionally be recessed in the region of a dowel anchor (7).
6. Schienenbefestigung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Feder- platte (5) für den Durchgriff des Befestigungs¬ bolzens (3) mit einem quer zum Schienenfuß sich erstreckenden Langloch (9) versehen ist.6. Rail fastening according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the spring plate (5) for the passage of the fastening bolt (3) is provided with an oblong hole extending transversely to the rail foot (9).
7. Schienenbefestigung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in einer Vormontagestellung7. Rail fastening according to claim 6, characterized in that in a pre-assembly position
(Fig. 2) die Federplatte (5) mit der Nase (26) zur Unterschwellung (6) gedreht und in einer den Schienenfuß (1) freilassenden Position arretiert ist.(Fig. 2) the spring plate (5) with the nose (26) to the swell (6) is rotated and locked in a position leaving the rail foot (1).
8. Schienenbefestigung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Auflager für die Federplatte (5, 15, 25) an der Unter¬ schwellung (6, 17) eine dort angeordnete Rippe (16) oder die Oberfläche (8) der Unterschwellung dient.8. Rail fastening according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that as a support for the spring plate (5, 15, 25) on the Unter¬ swelling (6, 17) a rib (16) arranged there or the surface (8) serves the sublimation.
9. Verwendung einer Federplatte gemäß Anspruch 1 für eine Schienenbefestigung mit erhöhtem Quer- Verschiebewiderstand und gleichzeitiger Verdreh¬ sicherung der Federplatte (25) durch formschlüs¬ siges Fixieren der Nase (22) an einem vom Schie¬ nenfuß (1) beabstandeten Widerlager (23) , wel¬ ches als Erhöhung auf der Unterschwellung (21) ausgebildet ist. 9. Use of a spring plate according to claim 1 for a rail fastening with increased transverse displacement resistance and at the same time securing the spring plate (25) by positive locking of the nose (22) on an abutment (23) spaced from the rail foot (1) , which is designed as an elevation on the sublimation (21).
EP93912608A 1992-06-18 1993-06-18 Rail anchoring device with plastic spring element Expired - Lifetime EP0648290B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4220112 1992-06-18
DE4220112A DE4220112C2 (en) 1992-06-18 1992-06-18 Rail fastening with plastic spring element
PCT/DE1993/000541 WO1993025757A1 (en) 1992-06-18 1993-06-18 Rail anchoring device with plastic spring element

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0648290A1 true EP0648290A1 (en) 1995-04-19
EP0648290B1 EP0648290B1 (en) 1997-10-15

Family

ID=6461389

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93912608A Expired - Lifetime EP0648290B1 (en) 1992-06-18 1993-06-18 Rail anchoring device with plastic spring element

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0648290B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE159307T1 (en)
AU (1) AU4307393A (en)
DE (2) DE4220112C2 (en)
EE (1) EE03032B1 (en)
HU (1) HUT71753A (en)
PL (1) PL172756B1 (en)
RU (1) RU94046304A (en)
WO (1) WO1993025757A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AUPM894294A0 (en) * 1994-10-20 1994-11-10 Bishop, Arthur Ernest Railway track
DE10262248B4 (en) * 2002-11-22 2012-11-08 Vossloh-Werke Gmbh Angle plate to fasten railroad rails to concrete sleepers, in a permanent way, has upper surface structures to support the wire spring longitudinally and laterally and hold it in place under raised forces

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE390899A (en) *
DE803543C (en) * 1949-01-01 1951-04-05 Gutehoffnungshuette Oberhausen Clamping plate, especially for fastening tram rails on bridges or similar structures
FR1137820A (en) * 1954-10-04 1957-06-04 Improvements made to devices for fixing rails to sleepers
LU41772A1 (en) * 1962-05-24 1962-07-24
DE1271936B (en) * 1965-12-07 1968-07-04 Funcke & Hueck Crane rail fastening
DE1658309A1 (en) * 1966-12-27 1970-09-17 Goodrich Co B F Flexible hanger bracket
DE8802028U1 (en) * 1988-02-17 1988-05-26 Elastogran Kunststoff-Technik GmbH, 2844 Lemförde Vibration-isolating bearing plate for railway tracks, crane rails, etc.
HUT58377A (en) * 1989-04-18 1992-02-28 Schwarzheide Synthesewerk Veb Insulating- and spring-element or clamping element

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9325757A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1993025757A1 (en) 1993-12-23
DE4220112A1 (en) 1994-01-05
DE4220112C2 (en) 1997-04-24
HUT71753A (en) 1996-01-29
EE03032B1 (en) 1997-08-15
AU4307393A (en) 1994-01-04
RU94046304A (en) 1996-10-10
HU9403296D0 (en) 1995-02-28
EP0648290B1 (en) 1997-10-15
PL172756B1 (en) 1997-11-28
ATE159307T1 (en) 1997-11-15
DE59307556D1 (en) 1997-11-20

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