EP0646677B1 - Matting for erosion protection and or drainage - Google Patents

Matting for erosion protection and or drainage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0646677B1
EP0646677B1 EP94114167A EP94114167A EP0646677B1 EP 0646677 B1 EP0646677 B1 EP 0646677B1 EP 94114167 A EP94114167 A EP 94114167A EP 94114167 A EP94114167 A EP 94114167A EP 0646677 B1 EP0646677 B1 EP 0646677B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sewn seams
process according
filter layer
seams
sewn
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94114167A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0646677A3 (en
EP0646677A2 (en
Inventor
Paul Schreck
Wilfried Wunderatzke
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Acordis AG
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Acordis AG
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Publication of EP0646677A3 publication Critical patent/EP0646677A3/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B11/00—Drainage of soil, e.g. for agricultural purposes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/002—Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/004—Sealing liners

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a mat for erosion control and / or drainage purposes, consisting of at least one filter layer and at least one three-dimensional, high empty volume Claw and / or spacer layer, with all layers bonded together are and the connection of at least two layers consists of sewing seams
  • Another known mat is filled with clay, especially with bentonite (EP-A-0 490 529). Apart from the fact that such mats are relatively heavy and therefore require increased effort when laying, these mats are relative stiff, making the mats difficult to lay for this reason too. These mats must also be anchored to the floor.
  • the object of the present invention is now a process for the production to provide a mat of the type mentioned, in which the Disadvantages described above do not occur at least largely.
  • the mat should also be easy to manufacture.
  • a Mat for erosion control and / or drainage purposes consisting of at least a filter layer and at least one three-dimensional, high empty volume having claw and / or spacer layer, with all layers together are connected and the connection of at least two layers of sewing seams consists, solved in that as a claw or spacer layer from the plane deformed, water-permeable film with at least one structured, mountains and Valleys having surface is used that the claw or spacer layer is sewn to the filter layer in such a way that after sewing the Filter layer in the area of the seams in the valleys of the structured surface the claw or drainage layer is drawn in, so that the filter layer is a structured surface, with a first group of seams parallel is arranged by a second group of arranged in parallel Seams is crossed and the two groups of sutures are arranged in this way that they form a check pattern.
  • connection strength can be selected, for example, by selecting the Determine the sewing material exactly. It is also surprising that by at least not piercing the sewing needle when producing the sewing seams significant reduction in the retention effect of the filter layer occurs.
  • the spacer layers according to the invention have a surface on one or both sides in mountain and valley structure, with the mountain and valley structure in one or is present in two perpendicular directions in the form of waves. Such a surface appears with waves arranged in two directions structured as a waffle.
  • the structuring can also be frustoconical or truncated pyramid-shaped mountain structures.
  • the seams have a stitch length of 1 to 20 mm or if the sewing seams are made by sewing at least one multifilament yarn become.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly characterized in that at least one filter layer consisting of short fibers and / or endios filaments Fleece is.
  • These filter layers have a particularly good retention capacity even from very fine particles.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that the layers connected by a group of seams a total thickness from 4 to 70 mm, preferably from 20 to 60 mm.
  • the Sewing seams are made in such a way that they consist of at least one of the outer Surfaces of the mat have outstanding loops. This will make the Structuring the mat surface (s) promoted, which reduces the coefficient of friction between the mat of the invention and the surface on which the mat is placed becomes clear, or the bulk material that is filled onto the mat is increased.
  • Sewing threads made of polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyether, Polyethylene, polyetherimide, polyacrylonitrile and aromatic polyamides or polyester. They can consist of multifilament yarns that can be inserted or are twinned twice. Depending on the application, it is recommended to use the multifilament yarns to be coated, the coating being selected so that the Processability of the sewing threads increases and / or the seal between the filter layer and sewing material is improved.
  • reinforcement tapes on the surface, - sew on cords, cords or similar reinforcement materials, tensile strength and / or surface roughness of the outer Increase filter layers.
  • the claw and / or the drainage layer can also be used other reinforcement materials such as reinforcement grids, scrims, Drawstrings included.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
  • Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)
  • Bidet-Like Cleaning Device And Other Flush Toilet Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

Matting for erosion protection and/or drainage, consisting of at least one filter layer and at least one three-dimensional prong and/or distance layer having a high empty volume, all layers being connected to one another, characterised in that the connection consists of at least two layers of stitched seams.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Matte für Erosionsschutz- und/oder Drainagezwecke, bestehend aus mindestens einer Filterschicht und mindestens einer dreidimensionalen, hohes Leervolumen aufweisenden Krall- und/oder Distanzschicht, wobei alle Schichten miteinander verbunden sind und die Verbindung mindestens zweier Schichten aus Nähnähten bestehtThe invention relates to a method for producing a mat for erosion control and / or drainage purposes, consisting of at least one filter layer and at least one three-dimensional, high empty volume Claw and / or spacer layer, with all layers bonded together are and the connection of at least two layers consists of sewing seams

Derartige Matten sind mehrfach bekannt.Such mats are known several times.

Beispielsweise ist aus DE-A-36 31 716 und aus DE-A-21 24 266 eine Matte als Trägerschicht für eine Vegetation bekannt. Die Matten werden vorab mit Vegetation befüllt und als Fertigprodukt vor Ort verlegt. Nachteil dieser Matten ist, dass eine Verankerung erst durch das Eindringen der Wurzeln der in dieser Matte enthaltenen Pflanzen eine Verbindung mit dem Untergrund erfolgt. Um frühzeitig eine gute Verbindung zwischen dieser Matte und dem Untergrund, insbesondere bei Böschungen oder Steilhängen zu erreichen, muss eine solche Matte mit dem Untergrund verankert werden. Insofern ist die Verlegung derartiger Matten zeitaufwendig.For example, from DE-A-36 31 716 and from DE-A-21 24 266 a mat as Carrier layer known for vegetation. The mats are covered with vegetation in advance filled and laid as a finished product on site. The disadvantage of these mats is that anchoring only by penetrating the roots of those contained in this mat Plants are connected to the ground. To get one early good connection between this mat and the ground, especially when To reach slopes or steep slopes, such a mat must be used with the Be anchored to the ground. In this respect, the laying of such mats is time-consuming.

Aus DE-A-31 05 882 ist eine aus einer unvernadelten, lockeren und porösen Faserschicht und einer filterwirksamen Schicht bestehende Matte bekannt geworden, bei welcher durch Nähnähte Einschnürungen sowohl in der Filterschicht als auch in der porösen Faserschicht erzwungen werden. Im Bereich der Nähnähte ist infolge der Einschnürungen die poröse Faserschicht verdichtet, so dass in diesen Bereichen die Durchlässigkeit der porösen Faserschicht reduziert ist. Da durch Nähnähte bewirkte Einschnürungen sehr eng sind, ist die in DE-A-31 05 882 behauptete verbesserte Antirutschwirkung sehr gering. From DE-A-31 05 882 one is made of a needleless, loose and porous fiber layer and a filter-effective layer of existing mat has become known, in which constrictions both in the filter layer and by sewing seams be forced into the porous fiber layer. As a result, in the area of the seams of the constrictions, the porous fiber layer is compressed, so that in these Areas the permeability of the porous fiber layer is reduced. Thereby Constrictions caused by sewing seams are very narrow, is the one claimed in DE-A-31 05 882 improved anti-slip effect very little.

Eine weitere bekannte Matte ist mit Ton, insbesondere mit Bentonit gefüllt (EP-A-0 490 529). Abgesehen davon, dass derartige Matten relativ schwer sind und somit beim Verlegen erhöhten Kraftaufwand erfordern, sind diese Matten relativ steif, so dass auch aus diesem Grund die Matten schwierig zu verlegen sind. Auch diese Matten müssen mit dem Boden verankert werden.Another known mat is filled with clay, especially with bentonite (EP-A-0 490 529). Apart from the fact that such mats are relatively heavy and therefore require increased effort when laying, these mats are relative stiff, making the mats difficult to lay for this reason too. These mats must also be anchored to the floor.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es nun, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Matte der eingangs genannten Art zu Verfügung zu stellen, bei welcher die oben beschriebenen Nachteile zumindest weitgehend nicht auftreten. Die Matte soll außerdem ohne großen Aufwand herstellbar sein.The object of the present invention is now a process for the production to provide a mat of the type mentioned, in which the Disadvantages described above do not occur at least largely. The mat should also be easy to manufacture.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß bei einem Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Matte für Erosionsschutz- und/oder Drainagezwecke, bestehend aus mindestens einer Filterschicht und mindestens einer dreidimensionalen, hohes Leervolumen aufweisenden Krall- und/oder Distanzschicht, wobei alle Schichten miteinander verbunden sind und die Verbindung mindestens zweier Schichten aus Nähnähten besteht, dadurch gelöst, dass als Krall- bzw. Distanzschicht eine aus der Ebene verformte, wasserdurchlässige Folie mit mindestens einer strukturierte, Berge und Täler aufweisenden Oberfläche verwendet wird, dass die Krall- bzw. Distanzschicht derart mit der Filterschicht vernäht wird, dass nach dem Vernähen die Filterschicht im Bereich der Nähnähte in die Täler der strukturierten Oberfläche der Krall- bzw. Drainageschicht hineingezogen ist, so dass die Filterschicht eine strukturierte Oberfläche aufweist, wobei eine erste Gruppe von Nähnähten parallel angeordnet wird, die von einer zweiten Gruppe von parallel angeordneten Nähnähten gekreuzt wird und die beiden Gruppen von Nähnähten derart angeordnet werden, dass sie ein Karomuster bilden.This object is achieved in a method for producing a Mat for erosion control and / or drainage purposes, consisting of at least a filter layer and at least one three-dimensional, high empty volume having claw and / or spacer layer, with all layers together are connected and the connection of at least two layers of sewing seams consists, solved in that as a claw or spacer layer from the plane deformed, water-permeable film with at least one structured, mountains and Valleys having surface is used that the claw or spacer layer is sewn to the filter layer in such a way that after sewing the Filter layer in the area of the seams in the valleys of the structured surface the claw or drainage layer is drawn in, so that the filter layer is a structured surface, with a first group of seams parallel is arranged by a second group of arranged in parallel Seams is crossed and the two groups of sutures are arranged in this way that they form a check pattern.

Durch die Strukturierung der Mattenoberfläche(n) wird der Reibwert zwischen der erfindungsgemäßen Matte und dem Untergrund, auf den die Matte gelegt wird, oder dem Schüttgut, welches auf die Matte verfüllt wird, deutlich erhöht. Die Verbindungsfestigkeit lässt sich beispielsweise durch entsprechende Auswahl des Nähmaterials genau vorherbestimmen. Ebenfalls ist es überraschend, dass durch das Durchstechen der Nähnadel beim Herstellen der Nähnähte zumindest keine nennenswerte Reduzierung der Rückhaltewirkung der Filterschicht auftritt. By structuring the mat surface (s), the coefficient of friction between the mat according to the invention and the surface on which the mat is placed, or the bulk material that is filled onto the mat is significantly increased. The connection strength can be selected, for example, by selecting the Determine the sewing material exactly. It is also surprising that by at least not piercing the sewing needle when producing the sewing seams significant reduction in the retention effect of the filter layer occurs.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Distanzschichten weisen ein- oder beidseitig eine Oberfläche in Berg- und Talstruktur auf, wobei die Berg- und Talstruktur in einer oder in zwei senkrecht zueinander angeordneten Richtungen in Form von Wellen vorliegt. Bei in zwei Richtungen angeordneten Wellen erscheint eine solche Oberfläche als waffelförmig strukturiert. Die Strukturierung kann auch durch kegelstumpfförmige oder pyramidenstumpfförmige Bergstrukturen gebildet sein.The spacer layers according to the invention have a surface on one or both sides in mountain and valley structure, with the mountain and valley structure in one or is present in two perpendicular directions in the form of waves. Such a surface appears with waves arranged in two directions structured as a waffle. The structuring can also be frustoconical or truncated pyramid-shaped mountain structures.

Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich, wenn eine erste Gruppe von Nähnähten parallel angeordnet wird, die von einer zweiten Gruppe von parallel angeordneten Nähnähten gekreuzt wird. Durch die kreuzende Anordnung zweier Gruppen von Nähnähten ist die geforderte Verbindungsfestigkeit gewährleistet. Allerdings ist bei Drainagematten darauf zu achten, dass die Nähnaht das Filtermaterial zumindest nur geringfügig in die Distanzschicht hineinziehtFurther advantages result when a first group of sewing seams is parallel is arranged by a second group of arranged in parallel Seams is crossed. By crossing two groups of The required connection strength is guaranteed for sewing seams. However for drainage mats make sure that the sewing seam at least the filter material pulls only slightly into the spacer layer

Es hat sich bei der erfindungsgemäßen Matte als besonders vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn die Nähnähte eine Stichlänge von 1 bis 20 mm aulweisen bzw. wenn die Nähnähte durch Vernähen von mindestens einem Multifilamentgarn hergestellt werden.It has been found to be particularly advantageous in the mat according to the invention if the seams have a stitch length of 1 to 20 mm or if the sewing seams are made by sewing at least one multifilament yarn become.

Besonders zeichnet sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren dadurch aus, dass mindestens eine Filterschicht ein aus Kurzfasem und/oder Endiosfilamenten bestehendes Vlies ist. Diese Filterschichten weisen eine besonders gute Rükhaltefähigkeit auch von sehr feinen Teilchen auf. Die Kurzfasern des Vlieses legen sich nach Herstellung der Nähte sehr dicht um das Nahtgut, so dass auch an den Einstichstellen der Nähnadel nach Herstellen der Nähnaht auch im Bereich des Nähgutes durch das Kurzfaservlies praktisch kein Verlust der Filtrierwirkung gegenüber den Stellen, wo kein Nähgut das Vlies durchdringt, auftritt.The method according to the invention is particularly characterized in that at least one filter layer consisting of short fibers and / or endios filaments Fleece is. These filter layers have a particularly good retention capacity even from very fine particles. Lay the short fibers of the fleece after the seams are made very tightly around the seam material, so that the Puncture points of the sewing needle after making the sewing seam also in the area of the Due to the short fiber fleece, sewing material has practically no loss of filtering effect the places where no sewing material penetrates the fleece.

Bei dieser Art von Vliesen hat sich für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ein Vlies besonders bewährt, welches aus Kurzfasern besteht, die durch Vernähen verfestigt wurden. Diese Art der Verfestigung von Vliesen ist unter der Bezeichnung Mallimo-Technik bekannt geworden.In this type of nonwoven, a nonwoven has been used for the method according to the invention especially proven, which consists of short fibers that solidify by sewing were. This type of consolidation of nonwovens is under the name Mallimo technology became known.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zeichnet sich insbesondere dadurch aus, dass die über eine Gruppe von Nähnähten verbundenen Schichten eine Gesamtdicke von 4 bis 70 mm, bevorzugt von 20 bis 60 mm aufweisen. The method according to the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that the layers connected by a group of seams a total thickness from 4 to 70 mm, preferably from 20 to 60 mm.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist es, wenn bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Nähnähte derart angefertigt werden, dass sie aus mindestens einer der äußeren Oberflächen der Matte herausragende Schlingen aufweisen. Hierdurch wird die Strukturierung der Mattenoberfläche(n) gefördert, wodurch der Reibwert zwischen der erfindungsgemäßen Matte und dem Untergrund, auf den die Matte gelegt wird, oder dem Schüttgut, welches auf die Matte verfültt wird, wiederum deutlich erhöht wird.It is particularly advantageous if the Sewing seams are made in such a way that they consist of at least one of the outer Surfaces of the mat have outstanding loops. This will make the Structuring the mat surface (s) promoted, which reduces the coefficient of friction between the mat of the invention and the surface on which the mat is placed becomes clear, or the bulk material that is filled onto the mat is increased.

Als Nähnahtmaterialien kommen praktisch alle gängigen Materialien in Frage. Insbesondere eignen sich Nähfäden aus Polyester, Polyamid, Polypropylen, Polyäther, Polyäthylen, Polyätherimid, Polyacrylnitril sowie aromatische Polyamide oder Polyester. Sie können aus Multifilamentgamen bestehen, die ein- oder zweifach gezwimt sind. Je nach Einsatzzweck empfiehlt es sich, die Multifilamentgarne zu beschichten, wobei die Beschichtung so auszuwählen ist, dass die Verarbeitbarkeit der Nähfäden erhöht und/oder die Abdichtung zwischen Filterschicht und Nähgut verbessert wird.Practically all common materials can be used as sewing materials. Sewing threads made of polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyether, Polyethylene, polyetherimide, polyacrylonitrile and aromatic polyamides or polyester. They can consist of multifilament yarns that can be inserted or are twinned twice. Depending on the application, it is recommended to use the multifilament yarns to be coated, the coating being selected so that the Processability of the sewing threads increases and / or the seal between the filter layer and sewing material is improved.

Als Filterschicht eignen sich praktisch alle Filtermaterialien. Kurzfaservliese, Filze, Spinnvliese oder Gewebe aus üblichen Materialien wie Polyester, Polyamid, Polypropylen, Polyäther, Polyäthylen, Polyätherimid, Polyacrylnitril oder Glas haben sich bestens bewährt.Practically all filter materials are suitable as a filter layer. Short fiber fleeces, felts, Spunbonded nonwovens or fabrics made from conventional materials such as polyester, polyamide, Have polypropylene, polyether, polyethylene, polyetherimide, polyacrylonitrile or glass has proven its worth.

Beim Herstellen der Nähte ist es ohne weiteres möglich, an der Oberfläche Verstärkungsbänder, -kordeln, -korde oder ähnliche Verstärkungsmaterialien mit anzunähen, um die Zugfestigkeit und/oder die Oberflächenrauhigkeit der äußeren Filterschichten zu erhöhen. Ebenso kann die Krall- und/oder die Drainageschicht weitere Verstärkungsmaterialien wie beispielsweise Verstärkungsgitter, Gelege, Zugbänder enthalten.When making the seams, it is easily possible to use reinforcement tapes on the surface, - sew on cords, cords or similar reinforcement materials, tensile strength and / or surface roughness of the outer Increase filter layers. The claw and / or the drainage layer can also be used other reinforcement materials such as reinforcement grids, scrims, Drawstrings included.

Claims (8)

  1. Process for producing a mat for erosion protection and/or drainage purposes, consisting of at least one filter layer and at least one three-dimensional claw and/or distance layer having a high free volume, wherein all layers are joined to one another and the joint of at least two layers consists of sewn seams, characterized in that a water-permeable film, formed from the planar state and having at least one structured surface exhibiting hills and valleys, is used for the claw and/or distance layer, that the claw and/or distance layer is sewn to the filter layer such that after sewing the filter layer in the area of the sewn seams has been drawn into the valleys of the structured surface of the claw and/or distance layer so that the filter layer has a structured surface, wherein a first group of sewn seams is arranged in parallel and intersects with a second group of sewn seams arranged in parallel and the two groups of sewn seams are arranged such that they form a check pattern.
  2. Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the sewn seams have a stitch length of 1 to 20 mm.
  3. Process according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sewn seams are produced by sewing with at least one multifilament yarn.
  4. Process according to one or more of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one filter layer is a nonwoven consisting of short fibers and/or filament yarn.
  5. Process according to Claim 4, characterized in that at least one filter layer consists of short fibers that are sewn together for reinforcement.
  6. Process according to one or more of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the layers joined by one group of sewn seams have an overall thickness of 4 to 70 mm.
  7. Process according to Claim 6, characterized in that the layers joined by one group of sewn seams have an overall thickness of 20 to 60 mm.
  8. Process according to one or more of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the sewn seams are produced such that they have loops protruding from at least one of the exterior surfaces of the mat.
EP94114167A 1993-09-13 1994-09-08 Matting for erosion protection and or drainage Expired - Lifetime EP0646677B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4330880 1993-09-13
DE4330880 1993-09-13

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0646677A2 EP0646677A2 (en) 1995-04-05
EP0646677A3 EP0646677A3 (en) 1995-08-02
EP0646677B1 true EP0646677B1 (en) 2003-03-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94114167A Expired - Lifetime EP0646677B1 (en) 1993-09-13 1994-09-08 Matting for erosion protection and or drainage

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0646677B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE234392T1 (en)
DE (2) DE59410254D1 (en)

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CA2054062A1 (en) * 1990-12-11 1992-06-12 William J. Simpson Clay liner for steep slopes
DE9112500U1 (en) * 1991-10-08 1991-11-21 Schreck, Paul, 97892 Kreuzwertheim Sealing mat for use in civil engineering to isolate soil against liquids
DE4221329A1 (en) * 1992-06-29 1994-01-05 Huesker Synthetic Gmbh & Co Sealing mat used in building - has bearer layer and cover layer formed by material strips and intermediate layer of swellable material
DE9318451U1 (en) * 1993-12-02 1994-02-03 Roess, Hans, 27239 Twistringen Mat made of fiber material and device for its production

Also Published As

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DE4431976A1 (en) 1995-03-16
EP0646677A3 (en) 1995-08-02
DE4431976B4 (en) 2005-10-13
EP0646677A2 (en) 1995-04-05
DE59410254D1 (en) 2003-04-17
ATE234392T1 (en) 2003-03-15

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