EP0635342A1 - Demoulding emulsion for concrete - Google Patents
Demoulding emulsion for concrete Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0635342A1 EP0635342A1 EP93111884A EP93111884A EP0635342A1 EP 0635342 A1 EP0635342 A1 EP 0635342A1 EP 93111884 A EP93111884 A EP 93111884A EP 93111884 A EP93111884 A EP 93111884A EP 0635342 A1 EP0635342 A1 EP 0635342A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- parts
- fatty acid
- carbon atoms
- concrete
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/38—Treating surfaces of moulds, cores, or mandrels to prevent sticking
- B28B7/384—Treating agents
Definitions
- Release agents are used in the production of molded parts made of concrete, which, for example, facilitate the removal of the molded concrete body from its shape and should ensure a good surface quality of the molded body.
- formwork oils are mainly used. These contain mineral oil products as active ingredients, for example petrol as a solvent, mineral oils, light oils and white oils. However, these substances have the disadvantage that they are difficult to degrade and thus contaminate the soil in the area of their processing and also the surrounding air. These substances are also suspected of causing lung cancer.
- release agents based on natural renewable raw materials are also known.
- these agents lead to an increased deposition of sand and cement on the surface of the concrete molds, especially in the case of molds made of metal.
- the invention has for its object to provide a release agent that facilitates demolding in the production of molded articles from concrete, ensures the formation of a smooth surface of the concrete body and, if possible, does not cause pores to form there.
- the release agent is also intended to prevent deposits of sand, cement or other materials from remaining on the surface of the concrete mold when the concrete body is removed from the mold.
- the invention achieves this object with a separating emulsion, characterized by a composition of 145 to 200 parts by weight of water, 7 to 35 parts by weight of a fatty acid ester having 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the fatty acid residue, and 2 to 13 parts by weight of a dialkyl ether 6 to 12 carbon atoms per alkyl radical, 1 to 10 parts by weight a fatty alcohol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms and 0 to 4 parts by weight of a fatty acid amide having 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
- the fatty acid ester, the fatty alcohol and the fatty acid amide are preferably based on vegetable and / or animal fats with iodine numbers of at most 20 g J2 / 100 g.
- the separating emulsion contains a fatty acid ester whose alcohol residue contains 1 to 8 carbon atoms. This remainder can be unbranched or branched.
- the dialkyl ether in the separation emulsion according to the invention can be a symmetrical or asymmetrical ether.
- the alkyl radical in the dialkyl ether can be either an n-alkyl radical or an i-alkyl radical.
- the components of the separation emulsion according to the invention can each be present in the form of a single compound or in the form of a mixture of several compounds which come under the name of the respective component.
- the separating emulsion according to the invention has the essential advantage over corresponding known separating agents that the formation of deposits of sand and cement, a so-called “dusting”, does not occur on the surface of the concrete form.
- the separation emulsion according to the invention is also versatile because it can be used successfully on all absorbent mold surfaces, for example on untreated wood and nonwovens, and on all non-absorbent surfaces, such as coated wood, plastics and metals. to separate the concrete well, keeping the mold surface clean.
- a first separation emulsion is produced from the following components: water 190 parts by weight Coconut fatty acid methyl ester 12 parts by weight n-octyl ether 4 parts by weight Lauryl alcohol 2 parts by weight Coconut fatty acid diethanolamide 1 part by weight
- the components are placed in a container and homogenized with a high-speed stirrer.
- a metal mold with the internal dimensions 150 mm x 150 mm x 50 mm is sprayed thinly and uniformly with the separation emulsion obtained.
- the metal mold After a drying time of 15 minutes, the metal mold is filled with 1.5 kg of a normal concrete mix and heated to 80 ° C in a heating cabinet for 3 hours. Then the filled mold is left to stand at room temperature for 1 hour.
- the concrete body can then be easily removed from the metal mold. No residues of concrete, sand, cement or other materials remain on the surface of the metal mold.
- the surface of the concrete body is smooth, has a uniform color and shows almost no pores.
- the aforementioned production of a concrete body is repeated, but with the change that the metal mold is not heated, but is left to stand at room temperature for 16 hours.
- the demolded concrete body then has the same good properties as in the above molding production, and the metal mold has a clean surface.
- a second separation emulsion is produced from the following components. water 165 parts by weight 2-ethylhexyl coconut fatty acid 28 parts by weight Hexyl (2-butylethyl) ether 9 parts by weight 2-octyl decyl alcohol 4 parts by weight Coconut fatty acid diethanolamide 1 part by weight
- the second separation emulsion obtained is used according to Example 1.
- a concrete body with an excellent surface quality is again obtained. Furthermore, the surface of the concrete form is free from undesirable deposits.
- a third separation emulsion is produced from the following components: water 145 parts by weight Butyl palm kernel fatty acid 35 parts by weight n-hexyl ether 13 parts by weight Lauryl alcohol 9 parts by weight Coconut fatty acid diethanolamide 1 part by weight
- the third separation emulsion obtained is used according to Example 1.
- An easily demoldable concrete body with excellent surface quality is obtained. After demolding the concrete body, the surface of the concrete form is clean, i.e. it has no deposits.
- a comparison emulsion is used to produce a concrete body, as described in Example 1.
- the emulsion is a commercial product used in practice. Their composition is as follows: water 165 parts by weight Fatty acid isopropyl ester (iodine number over 20 g J2 / 100 g) 25 parts by weight aliphatic hydrocarbon 8 parts by weight Fatty alcohol (iodine number over 20 g J2 / 100 g) 5 parts by weight Anticorrosive 1 part by weight
- Example 1 When this comparison emulsion is used as in Example 1, it can be seen that the concrete body produced is smooth and has a uniform color, but has coarser surface pores compared to the concrete surfaces according to Examples 1 to 3.
- the surface of the concrete form is in the case of the comparison emulsion covered with a light gray layer of concrete residues that can only be removed by vigorous rubbing.
- the comparison emulsion is used again, but with the change that the mold filled with concrete is heated to 80.degree. After the concrete body has been removed from the mold, the surface of the mold is coated to an even greater extent with a light gray layer of concrete residues.
Abstract
Description
Bei der Herstellung von Formteilen aus Beton werden Trennmittel eingesetzt, die zum Beispiel das Entnehmen des geformten Betonkörpers aus seiner Form erleichtern und eine gute Oberflächenqualität des Formkörpers sicherstellen sollen. Bisher werden hauptsächlich sogenannte Schalöle verwendet. Diese enthalten als Wirkstoffe Mineralölprodukte, zum Beispiel Benzin als Lösungsmittel, Mineralöle, Leichtöle und Weißöle. Diese Stoffe haben aber den Nachteil, daß sie schwer abbaubar sind und somit den Boden im Bereich ihrer Verarbeitung und auch die umgebende Luft verunreinigen. Ferner stehen diese Stoffe unter Verdacht, Lungenkrebs zu erzeugen.Release agents are used in the production of molded parts made of concrete, which, for example, facilitate the removal of the molded concrete body from its shape and should ensure a good surface quality of the molded body. So far, so-called formwork oils are mainly used. These contain mineral oil products as active ingredients, for example petrol as a solvent, mineral oils, light oils and white oils. However, these substances have the disadvantage that they are difficult to degrade and thus contaminate the soil in the area of their processing and also the surrounding air. These substances are also suspected of causing lung cancer.
Daneben sind auch Trennmittel auf der Basis natürlicher nachwachsender Rohstoffe bekannt. Diese Mittel führen aber zu einer verstärkten Ablagerung von Sand und Zement an der Oberfläche der Betonformen, insbesondere bei Formen aus Metall.In addition, release agents based on natural renewable raw materials are also known. However, these agents lead to an increased deposition of sand and cement on the surface of the concrete molds, especially in the case of molds made of metal.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Trennmittel anzugeben, das bei der Herstellung von Formkörpern aus Beton ein Entformen erleichtert, die Ausbildung einer glatten Oberfläche des Betonkörpers sicherstellt und dort möglichst keine Poren entstehen läßt. Ferner soll das Trennmittel verhindern, daß beim Entformen des Betonkörpers auf der Oberfläche der Betonform Ablagerungen von Sand, Zement oder anderen Materialien zurückbleiben.The invention has for its object to provide a release agent that facilitates demolding in the production of molded articles from concrete, ensures the formation of a smooth surface of the concrete body and, if possible, does not cause pores to form there. The release agent is also intended to prevent deposits of sand, cement or other materials from remaining on the surface of the concrete mold when the concrete body is removed from the mold.
Diese Aufgabe löst die Erfindung mit einer Trennemulsion, gekennzeichnet durch eine Zusammensetzung aus 145 bis 200 Gew.-teilen Wasser, 7 bis 35 Gew.-teilen eines Fettsäureesters mit 12 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen im Fettsäurerest, 2 bis 13 Gew.-teilen eines Dialkylethers mit 6 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen pro Alkylrest, 1 bis 10 Gew.-teilen eines Fettalkohols mit 12 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen und 0 bis 4 Gew.-teilen eines Fettsäureamids mit 12 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen.The invention achieves this object with a separating emulsion, characterized by a composition of 145 to 200 parts by weight of water, 7 to 35 parts by weight of a fatty acid ester having 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the fatty acid residue, and 2 to 13 parts by weight of a dialkyl ether 6 to 12 carbon atoms per alkyl radical, 1 to 10 parts by weight a fatty alcohol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms and 0 to 4 parts by weight of a fatty acid amide having 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
Vorzugsweise basieren der Fettsäureester, der Fettalkohol und das Fettsäureamid auf pflanzlichen und/oder tierischen Fetten mit Jodzahlen von höchstens 20 g J₂/100 g.The fatty acid ester, the fatty alcohol and the fatty acid amide are preferably based on vegetable and / or animal fats with iodine numbers of at most 20 g J₂ / 100 g.
Es hat sich auch als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die Trennemulsion einen Fettsäureester enthält, dessen Alkoholrest 1 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatome enthält. Dieser Rest kann unverzweigt oder verzweigt sein.It has also proven to be advantageous if the separating emulsion contains a fatty acid ester whose alcohol residue contains 1 to 8 carbon atoms. This remainder can be unbranched or branched.
Der Dialkylether in der erfindungsgemäßen Trennemulsion kann ein symmetrischer oder asymmetrischer Ether sein. Der Alkylrest im Dialkylether kann sowohl ein n-Alkylrest als auch ein i-Alkylrest sein.The dialkyl ether in the separation emulsion according to the invention can be a symmetrical or asymmetrical ether. The alkyl radical in the dialkyl ether can be either an n-alkyl radical or an i-alkyl radical.
Die Komponenten der erfindungsgemäßen Trennemulsion können jeweils in Form einer einzigen Verbindung oder in Form eines Gemisches aus mehreren Verbindungen, die unter die Bezeichnung der jeweiligen Komponente fallen, vorliegen.The components of the separation emulsion according to the invention can each be present in the form of a single compound or in the form of a mixture of several compounds which come under the name of the respective component.
Die erfindungsgemäße Trennemulsion hat den wesentlichen Vorteil gegenüber entsprechenden bekannten Trennmitteln, daß die Bildung von Ablagerungen von Sand und Zement, ein sogenanntes "Stauben", an der Oberfläche der Betonform nicht auftritt.The separating emulsion according to the invention has the essential advantage over corresponding known separating agents that the formation of deposits of sand and cement, a so-called "dusting", does not occur on the surface of the concrete form.
Die erfindungsgemäße Trennemulsion ist auch vielseitig einsetzbar, weil sie auf allen saugfähigen Formoberflächen, zum Beispiel auf unbehandeltem Holz und Vliesen, sowie auf allen nichtsaugfähigen Oberflächen, wie beschichtetem Holz, Kunststoffen und Metallen, erfolgreich verwendet werden kann, um den Beton davon gut abzutrennen, wobei die Formoberfläche sauber bleibt.The separation emulsion according to the invention is also versatile because it can be used successfully on all absorbent mold surfaces, for example on untreated wood and nonwovens, and on all non-absorbent surfaces, such as coated wood, plastics and metals. to separate the concrete well, keeping the mold surface clean.
Die Beispiele erläutern die Erfindung.The examples illustrate the invention.
Aus folgenden Komponenten wird eine erste Trennemulsion hergestellt:
Die Komponenten werden in einen Behälter gegeben und mit einem schnellaufenden Rührer homogenisiert. Mit der erhaltenen Trennemulsion wird eine Metallform mit den Innenabmessungen 150 mm x 150 mm x 50 mm dünn und gleichmäßig eingesprüht.The components are placed in a container and homogenized with a high-speed stirrer. A metal mold with the internal dimensions 150 mm x 150 mm x 50 mm is sprayed thinly and uniformly with the separation emulsion obtained.
Nach einer Trocknungszeit von 15 min wird die Metallform mit 1,5 kg einer normalen Betonmischung gefüllt und in einem Wärmeschrank 3 h auf 80°C erhitzt. Dann läßt man die gefüllte Form 1 h bei Raumtemperatur stehen.After a drying time of 15 minutes, the metal mold is filled with 1.5 kg of a normal concrete mix and heated to 80 ° C in a heating cabinet for 3 hours. Then the filled mold is left to stand at room temperature for 1 hour.
Der Formkörper aus Beton läßt sich anschließend aus der Metallform sehr leicht entnehmen. Auf der Oberfläche der Metallform bleiben keine Reste von Beton, Sand, Zement oder anderen Materialien zurück. Die Oberfläche des Betonkörpers ist glatt, weist eine gleichmäßige Farbe auf und läßt fast keine Poren erkennen.The concrete body can then be easily removed from the metal mold. No residues of concrete, sand, cement or other materials remain on the surface of the metal mold. The surface of the concrete body is smooth, has a uniform color and shows almost no pores.
Die vorgenannte Herstellung eines Betonkörpers wird wiederholt, jedoch mit der Änderung, daß die Metallform nicht beheizt, sondern 16 h bei Raumtemperatur stehengelassen wird. Der dann entformte Betonkörper weist die gleichen guten Eigenschaften auf wie bei der obigen Formkörperherstellung, und die Metallform hat eine saubere Oberfläche.The aforementioned production of a concrete body is repeated, but with the change that the metal mold is not heated, but is left to stand at room temperature for 16 hours. The demolded concrete body then has the same good properties as in the above molding production, and the metal mold has a clean surface.
Aus folgenden Komponenten wird eine zweite Trennemulsion hergestellt.
Die erhaltene zweite Trennemulsion wird gemäß Beispiel 1 angewandt. Es wird wieder ein Betonkörper mit einer ausgezeichneten Oberflächenqualität erhalten. Ferner ist die Oberfläche der Betonform frei von unerwünschten Ablagerungen.The second separation emulsion obtained is used according to Example 1. A concrete body with an excellent surface quality is again obtained. Furthermore, the surface of the concrete form is free from undesirable deposits.
Aus folgenden Komponenten wird eine dritte Trennemulsion hergestellt:
Die erhaltene dritte Trennemulsion wird gemäß Beispiel 1 angewandt. Man erhält einen leicht entformbaren Betonkörper mit ausgezeichneter Oberflächenqualität. Nach dem Entformen des Betonkörpers ist die Oberfläche der Betonform sauber, d.h. sie weist keine Ablagerungen auf.The third separation emulsion obtained is used according to Example 1. An easily demoldable concrete body with excellent surface quality is obtained. After demolding the concrete body, the surface of the concrete form is clean, i.e. it has no deposits.
Zum Vergleich mit den erfindungsgemäßen Trennemulsionen gemäß den Beispielen 1 bis 3 wird eine Vergleichsemulsion zum Herstellen eines Betonkörpers eingesetzt, wie es im Beispiel 1 beschrieben ist. Die Emulsion ist ein in der Praxis eingesetztes Handelsprodukt. Ihre Zusammensetzung ist wie folgt:
Bei der Anwendung dieser Vergleichsemulsion wie im Beispiel 1 zeigt sich, daß der hergestellte Betonkörper zwar glatt ist und eine gleichmäßige Farbe hat, jedoch gröbere Oberflächenporen aufweist, verglichen mit den Betonoberflächen gemäß den Beispielen 1 bis 3. Die Oberfläche der Betonform ist im Falle der Vergleichsemulsion mit einer hellgrauen Schicht aus Betonrückständen überzogen, die sich nur durch kräftiges Reiben entfernen lassen.When this comparison emulsion is used as in Example 1, it can be seen that the concrete body produced is smooth and has a uniform color, but has coarser surface pores compared to the concrete surfaces according to Examples 1 to 3. The surface of the concrete form is in the case of the comparison emulsion covered with a light gray layer of concrete residues that can only be removed by vigorous rubbing.
In einem weiteren Versuch wird die Vergleichsemulsion erneut eingesetzt, jedoch mit der Änderung, daß die mit Beton gefüllte Form auf 80°C erhitzt wird. Nach dem Entformen des Betonkörpers ist die Oberfläche der Form in noch stärkerem Maße mit einer hellgrauen Schicht aus Betonrückständen überzogen.In a further experiment, the comparison emulsion is used again, but with the change that the mold filled with concrete is heated to 80.degree. After the concrete body has been removed from the mold, the surface of the mold is coated to an even greater extent with a light gray layer of concrete residues.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93111884A EP0635342A1 (en) | 1993-07-23 | 1993-07-23 | Demoulding emulsion for concrete |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93111884A EP0635342A1 (en) | 1993-07-23 | 1993-07-23 | Demoulding emulsion for concrete |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0635342A1 true EP0635342A1 (en) | 1995-01-25 |
Family
ID=8213108
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93111884A Withdrawn EP0635342A1 (en) | 1993-07-23 | 1993-07-23 | Demoulding emulsion for concrete |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0635342A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2196296A1 (en) | 2008-12-11 | 2010-06-16 | Rockensüss, Klaus-Dieter | Water mixture for use in the wood, construction and metal industries |
| EP3067463A1 (en) | 2015-03-10 | 2016-09-14 | Sasol Wax GmbH | Water based wax dispersion comprising a hydrocarbon wax and a dialkylether for the coating of paper products |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0090707A2 (en) * | 1982-03-25 | 1983-10-05 | Société CHRYSO S.A. | Anti-sticking agent for hydraulic binders |
-
1993
- 1993-07-23 EP EP93111884A patent/EP0635342A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0090707A2 (en) * | 1982-03-25 | 1983-10-05 | Société CHRYSO S.A. | Anti-sticking agent for hydraulic binders |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2196296A1 (en) | 2008-12-11 | 2010-06-16 | Rockensüss, Klaus-Dieter | Water mixture for use in the wood, construction and metal industries |
| EP3067463A1 (en) | 2015-03-10 | 2016-09-14 | Sasol Wax GmbH | Water based wax dispersion comprising a hydrocarbon wax and a dialkylether for the coating of paper products |
| WO2016142068A1 (en) | 2015-03-10 | 2016-09-15 | Sasol Wax Gmbh | Water based wax dispersion comprising a hydrocarbon wax and a dialkylether for the coating paper products |
| US10676870B2 (en) | 2015-03-10 | 2020-06-09 | Sasol Wax Gmbh | Water based wax dispersion comprising a hydrocarbon wax and a dialkylether for coating paper products |
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