EP0632865B1 - Procede pour supprimer le phenomene de cliquetis affectant le fonctionnement d'un moteur a combustion interne - Google Patents

Procede pour supprimer le phenomene de cliquetis affectant le fonctionnement d'un moteur a combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0632865B1
EP0632865B1 EP93920516A EP93920516A EP0632865B1 EP 0632865 B1 EP0632865 B1 EP 0632865B1 EP 93920516 A EP93920516 A EP 93920516A EP 93920516 A EP93920516 A EP 93920516A EP 0632865 B1 EP0632865 B1 EP 0632865B1
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Prior art keywords
pinking
fuzzy
correction
calculated
membership
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EP93920516A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0632865A1 (fr
Inventor
Serge Boverie
Bernard Demaya
André Titli
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Continental Automotive France SAS
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Siemens Automotive SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W50/04—Monitoring the functioning of the control system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
    • F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
    • F02P5/145—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
    • F02P5/15—Digital data processing
    • F02P5/152—Digital data processing dependent on pinking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • F02D41/1404—Fuzzy logic control
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of suppressing a pinking phenomenon affecting the operation of an internal combustion engine and, more particularly, to such a method calling on a "fuzzy" logic control of an engine operation parameter.
  • the device comprises a pinking sensor 1, of the accelerometer type for example, fixed to the engine so as to be sensitive to the pinking arising in each cylinder of the engine, the sensor delivering a signal processed in a conditioning stage 2 before being delivered to means 3 for calculating an ignition advance reduction R A , as a function of various strategies, these means correcting, as a function of the calculated reduction, the instant of ignition of the engine spark plugs located in the cylinders in which the pinking was detected. It is known that such a reduction has the effect of suppressing the pinking. When the latter has disappeared, the calculating means permit a return of the ignition advance to the nominal value.
  • the average energy of the pinking, in each of the cylinders in which it occurs is calculated and this average energy (clqmoy) is compared with the instantaneous pinking energy (valclq) as illustrated by the graph of Fig. 2.
  • a band separating a region situated to its right and in which pinking is supposed to exist from a region situated to its left in which pinking is supposed not to exist, has been represented in this graph.
  • the separation band has a slope (clqgn) and an origin abscissa (clqof) for its right boundary.
  • the device of Fig. 1 orders a sizeable advance reduction R A (of about 7° for example) in the cylinder which is pinking, in the following engine cycle, this reduction possibly being repeated once should the pinking persist, the instant of ignition being thus brought closer to the top dead centre (TDC) by 14° in total.
  • R A sizeable advance reduction
  • TDC top dead centre
  • the return to the nominal value of ignition advance takes place later, after the pinking disappears, at a rate of approach of about 1° every 2.5 seconds for example.
  • Other corrections, applied more "slowly" may be provided for in order to tune the ignition for the fouling and ageing of the engine, for the loss in efficiency of the cooling circuit, for the quality of the fuel, etc.
  • JP-A-1100377 suggests use of fuzzy theory to control ignition timing in idling conditions, based upon engine rotational speed. More generally, JP-A-1113574 proposes the use of fuzzy logic control for any function of an engine controller (ignition timing, air/fuel ratio control,%) with capability to change the membership function according to detection of transient conditions. More recently, JP-A-2188676 teaches the use of fuzzy inference in obtaining a lead angle, for correcting ignition time, from engine load, speed and knock information, to cope with engine load changes.
  • the purpose of the present invention is therefore to provide a method of suppressing a pinking phenomenon affecting the operation of an internal combustion engine, which does not have the disadvantages mentioned above and hence which allows the best possible adjustment of the advance reductions to be applied in the pinking correction phase and minimisation of the application times of these reductions.
  • the purpose of the present invention is also to provide such a method which enables the fuel consumption of the engine to be lessened while protecting the latter from impairment due to pinking.
  • a sliding average value (R m ) of the quantity (R i ) is calculated, weighted by a forget factor and the correction R A to be applied is calculated from predetermined relations gleaned from a set of such relations and selected as a function of the instantaneous values of the quantity (R i ) and of its weighted sliding average (R m ).
  • the quantity R i is sampled and a weighted sliding average R m of the quantity R i is calculated such that: is the sum of the N latest samples acquired R i (j), each weighted by a forget factor (N-j+i) -1 .
  • the quantity R i and its average value R m are converted into fuzzy variables and the correction R A is gleaned from an inference engine supplied with R i and R m .
  • fuzzy logic in the method in accordance with the invention, an advantageous characteristic of this logic is profited from which enables a person skilled in the art, expert in pinking suppression, to implement suppression rules gleaned from his experience, so doing in a simple manner requiring short development times. Fuzzy logic makes it possible moreover to procure, from the method in accordance with the invention, good performance as regards response time, precision and "robustness”.
  • the purpose of calculating the quantity clqmoy is to take into account the average energy of the background noise which could otherwise more or less mask the pinking phenomenon.
  • R i makes available a quantity quantifying the pinking in a progressive and not "all-or-nothing" manner contrary to what is done customarily in the prior art.
  • This quantity thus makes it possible to respond to the pinking phenomenon with ignition advance corrections which follow as closely as possible those which are required to suppress pinking, without costly energy excesses insofar as corrections of the angle of ignition advance with respect to the optimal value of this angle reduce the output torque of the engine by comparison with the optimal torque which it can deliver.
  • the invention is preferably implemented in a sampled device for digital control making available successive samples of the quantity R i .
  • a second quantity R m is defined, representing the weighted sum of N samples of the variable R i .
  • the weighting is carried out in such a way that the most recent variable R i taken into account in the average has the most significant weight whereas the oldest variable R i has the lowest weight. In other words, the more recent the sample, the larger its significance in the value of R m .
  • the value R m thus constitutes an "average weighted by forget factor". It may be expressed mathematically with the aid of the following recurrence equation: where
  • variable R m offers another attraction in that, contrary to the variable R i , it tends towards zero only progressively. Since pinking is a self-sustaining phenomenon, a correction of advance must be maintained for a certain time, as the variable R m advantageously allows, while so doing so that the duration of this correction is proportional to the level of pinking encountered.
  • This method aims to calculate an advance reduction R A as a function of observations made on the quantities R i and R m .
  • the "fuzzy" control necessitates a prior operation of coding the variables R i and R m termed “fuzzyfication”, the "fuzzy” variables R i and R m thus obtained being processed in an inference engine constituted by a collection of fuzzy logic rules. From this processing is gleaned a "fuzzy" expression for the applied correction R A , which must be “defuzzyfied” in order to glean therefrom a usable specified value of the ignition advance correction to be applied.
  • the fuzzyfication operation makes it possible to determine each input variable's R i and R m degree of membership of various membership functions represented in Fig. 5 and 6 respectively.
  • variable R m forms the subject of analogue processing, with definition of five membership classes: Z (zero), P (small), M (average), G (large), and TG (very large).
  • the output variable R A is labelled with respect to five membership classes (Z, P, M, G, TG) covering, as for the membership classes associated with the variables R i and R m , partially overlapping ignition advance correction domains.
  • membership class M of R A extends from 4° to 12° with a triangular membership function centered on 8°, membership classes P and G each overlapping half the domain of class M.
  • the membership functions represented in Figs 5 to 7 define the degrees of membership ⁇ Ri , ⁇ Rm and ⁇ RA of each of the defined membership classes for variables R i , R m and R A respectively.
  • a table which defines the fuzzy logic rules to be applied in order to glean the advance reduction R A to be applied from the observations made on R i and R m has been represented in Fig. 4.
  • Such a collection of rules is conventionally called an "inference engine".
  • the inference engine composed of rules established on the basis of the experience of those skilled in the art, makes it possible to choose in real time the rules applicable to the determination of R A , corresponding to the membership classes to which, at a given instant, the variables R i and R m belong. Since these variables may belong simultaneously to several membership classes, several rules may be applied simultaneouly, according to the principles of fuzzy logic, as will be seen in the following example.
  • the centre of gravity of the membership class aggregation produced in phase 5 may be calculated, for example.
  • the abscissa R A of this centre of gravity is next marked on the horizontal axis.
  • the membership classes defined in phase 3 are then clipped to the value of the degree of membership thus calculated (see phase 4).
  • the four membership classes thus clipped are next aggregated in phase 5 by a logic "OR" function.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

L'énergie instantanée du phénomène de cliquetis est mesurée, une quantité (Ri) dépendant de la valeur instantanée de cette mesure est calculée, une valeur moyenne de comparaison (Rm) de la quantité (Ri) pondérée par un facteur d'oubli est calculée et une correction (RA) de l'angle d'avance à l'allumage est calculée par un moteur d'inférence gérant les règles de la logique 'floue' permettant au classement de la valeur (RA) d'être établi à partir de celui de (Ri) et de (Rm).

Claims (6)

  1. Procédé de suppression d'un phénomène de cliquetis affectant le fonctionnement d'un moteur à combustion interne, par correction de l'une au moins des grandeurs du groupe formé par l'angle d'avance à l'allumage d'un mélange air/carburant introduit dans le moteur, la composition de ce mélange et l'énergie de l'étincelle d'allumage, procédé suivant lequel on mesure l'énergie instantanée du phénomène de cliquetis et on calcule une grandeur (RA) fonction de la valeur instantanée de cette mesure, caractérisée en ce qu'on calcule une valeur moyenne glissante (Rm) de la grandeur (RA), pondérée par un facteur d'oubli et on calcule la correction (RA) à appliquer à partir de relations prédéterminées tirées d'un jeu de telles relations et sélectionnées en fonction des valeurs instantanées de la grandeur (Ri) et de sa moyenne glissante pondérée (Rm).
  2. Procédé conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'on calcule la grandeur (Ri) à partir de l'expression : R i = valclq - K 1 clqmoy x K 1
    Figure imgb0017
     où (valclq) est la valeur instantanée de la mesure de l'énergie de phénomène de cliquetis, (clqmoy) une valeur moyenne glissante de cette mesure, K1 et K2 des constantes.
  3. Procédé conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on échantillonne la grandeur (Ri) et on calcule une moyenne glissante pondérée (Rm) de la grandeur (Ri) telle que :
    Figure imgb0018
     somme des N derniers échantillons saisis pondérés chacun par un facteur d'oubli (N-j+i)-1.
  4. Procédé conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on convertit la grandeur (Ri) et sa valeur moyenne (Rm) en variables "floues" et on tire la correction (RA) d'un moteur d'inférence alimenté par (RA) et (Rm).
  5. Procédé conforme à la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le moteur d'inférence est défini par le tableau:
    Figure imgb0019
    et par des fonctions d'appartenance prédéterminées des variables floues (Ri) et (Rm) a des classes d'appartenance (TF à G) et (ZE à TG) respectivement, les valeurs instantanées des variables floues (Ri) et (Rm) déterminant les règles de ce tableau qui conditionnent l'appartenance de la correction floue (RA) qui s'en déduit à une ou plusieurs classes d'appartenance (ZE à TG).
  6. Procédé conforme à la revendication 5, suivant lequel la correction (RA) est une correction de l'angle d'avance à l'allumage, caractérisé en ce qu'on tire de la valeur de la grandeur floue (RA) une valeur numérique de la correction d'avance à l'allumage, par agrégation des classes d'appartenance de la grandeur floue (RA).
EP93920516A 1992-03-26 1993-03-17 Procede pour supprimer le phenomene de cliquetis affectant le fonctionnement d'un moteur a combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP0632865B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR929203645A FR2689183B1 (fr) 1992-03-26 1992-03-26 Procede de suppression d'un phenomene de cliquetis affectant le fonctionnement d'un moteur a combustion interne.
FR9203645 1992-03-26
PCT/EP1993/000627 WO1993019293A1 (fr) 1992-03-26 1993-03-17 Procede pour supprimer le phenomene de cliquetis affectant le fonctionnement d'un moteur a combustion interne

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EP0632865A1 EP0632865A1 (fr) 1995-01-11
EP0632865B1 true EP0632865B1 (fr) 1996-06-26

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US (1) US5531201A (fr)
EP (1) EP0632865B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3732505B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR950701039A (fr)
DE (1) DE69303364T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2088295T3 (fr)
FR (1) FR2689183B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993019293A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5560337A (en) * 1993-08-16 1996-10-01 Saturn Corporation Knock control using fuzzy logic
AT403323B (de) * 1995-08-24 1998-01-26 Jenbacher Energiesysteme Ag Verfahren und einrichtung zum ermitteln eines klopfintensitätssignals eines verbrennungsmotors
DE19532504A1 (de) * 1995-09-02 1997-03-06 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zur Klopfregelung einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE19615448A1 (de) * 1996-04-19 1997-11-20 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zur Klopferkennung und Regelung einer Brennkraftmaschine

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DE399068C (de) * 1923-03-13 1924-07-18 Gustav Weissenstein Dr Arzneimitteltraeger
GB2163812B (en) * 1984-06-29 1988-07-06 Nissan Motor System for controlling ignition timing in an internal combustion engine and method therefor
DE58906454D1 (de) * 1989-05-23 1994-01-27 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Klopfregelung von Brennkraftmaschinen.
IT1237595B (it) * 1989-10-03 1993-06-08 Marelli Autronica Dispositivo per la rilevazione, cilindro per cilindro, della detonazione in un motore a combustione interna a ciclo otto a piu' cilindri
JPH04244933A (ja) * 1991-01-31 1992-09-01 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd エンジンのノッキング検出装置
US5201292A (en) * 1991-08-30 1993-04-13 Loral Aerospace Corp. Apparatus and method for detecting vibration patterns
JP4363674B2 (ja) * 1997-06-10 2009-11-11 テルモ株式会社 医療用複室容器
JP3649862B2 (ja) * 1997-06-23 2005-05-18 本田技研工業株式会社 燃料用配管構造

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JPH07504956A (ja) 1995-06-01
FR2689183B1 (fr) 1994-06-10
EP0632865A1 (fr) 1995-01-11
US5531201A (en) 1996-07-02
FR2689183A1 (fr) 1993-10-01
DE69303364D1 (de) 1996-08-01
JP3732505B2 (ja) 2006-01-05
ES2088295T3 (es) 1996-08-01
KR950701039A (ko) 1995-02-20
DE69303364T2 (de) 1996-12-19
WO1993019293A1 (fr) 1993-09-30

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