EP0629235B1 - Base tensio-active pour lubrifiants sans savon - Google Patents

Base tensio-active pour lubrifiants sans savon Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0629235B1
EP0629235B1 EP93904004A EP93904004A EP0629235B1 EP 0629235 B1 EP0629235 B1 EP 0629235B1 EP 93904004 A EP93904004 A EP 93904004A EP 93904004 A EP93904004 A EP 93904004A EP 0629235 B1 EP0629235 B1 EP 0629235B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carbon atoms
lubricants
group containing
alkyl group
contain
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP93904004A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0629235A1 (fr
Inventor
Alfred Laufenberg
Birgit Winkelmann
Werner Strothoff
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Ecolab GmbH and Co oHG
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/30—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms containing a nitrogen-to-oxygen bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M145/40—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
    • C10M2207/046—Hydroxy ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/12—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, biopolymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/20—Containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/20—Containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds
    • C10M2215/204—Containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds containing nitroso groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/26—Amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/50—Medical uses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new surfactant base for soap-free lubricants known per se, containing alkylamines and / or amphoteric compounds, optionally water and further additives and / or auxiliaries.
  • the invention further relates to the use of the lubricant as a chain lubricant in the food industry.
  • the lubricants according to the invention are used here for the lubrication, cleaning and disinfection of automatic chain and belt lubrication systems which are used when filling foodstuffs, preferably beverages, in glass and plastic bottles, cans, glasses, barrels, beverage containers (KEG), paper and cardboard containers and the like can be used.
  • the chain lubricants previously used as lubricants are based on the one hand on fatty acids in the form of their water-soluble alkali or alkanolamine salts or on fatty amines in the form of their organic or inorganic salts.
  • DE-A-23 13 330 describes soap-based lubricants which contain aqueous mixtures of C16-C18 fatty acid salts and surface-active substances.
  • DE-A-36 31 953 describes a method for lubricating chain-shaped bottle conveyor belts in beverage filling plants, in particular in breweries, and for cleaning the belts by means of a liquid detergent, which is characterized in that the chain-shaped bottle conveyor belts are lubricated with belt lubricants based on neutralized primary fatty amines, which preferably have 12 to 18 C atoms and contain an unsaturated fraction of more than 10%, and the bottle conveyor belts are lubricated with cationic detergents, namely quaternary ammonium compounds such as alkyltrimethylammonium, dialkyldimethylammonium and alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chlorides or organic acids.
  • cationic detergents namely quaternary ammonium compounds such as alkyltrimethylammonium, dialkyldimethylammonium and alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chlorides or organic acids.
  • EP-A-0 044 458 describes lubricant preparations which are practically free from fatty acid soaps and which also contain a carboxylated nonionic surfactant and an acyl sarcosinate.
  • the pH of these products is 7 to 11 and is therefore preferably in the neutral to alkaline range.
  • DE-A-38 31 448 relates to aqueous, clear water-soluble, soap-free lubricant preparations, a process for their preparation and the use of the lubricant preparations according to the invention, in particular as a lubricant for the transport of glass bottles or polyethylene terephthalate bottles.
  • the essentially neutral aqueous lubricant preparations (pH in the range from 6 to 8) contain alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkoxylated alkanol phosphates and alkane carboxylic acids, if appropriate in addition to customary solubilizers, solvents, defoamers and disinfectants.
  • DE-A-39 05 548 describes lubricants which contain at least one secondary and / or tertiary amine and / or salts of such amines.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • Reusable PET bottles have proven particularly useful in this area for carbonated beverages such as mineral water and lemonades. While the bottles are being transported to the bottling plants, these bottles come into contact with chain conveyor lubricants. A more or less large part of the chain conveyor belt lubricant remains on the bottles, dries and sometimes damages these bottles. In particular, cracks in the PET material, so-called stress cracks, have been found in application technology. In extreme cases, this leads to the bottle bursting.
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to provide a chain conveyor belt lubricant which meets the needs of the application side in that the So-called coefficient of friction is equal to or less than 0.1 to 0.12, the product simultaneously cleans, lubricates and disinfects, the product can be used in the lowest possible concentrations, the product does not damage the PET bottles, the product can be used regardless of the water hardness and the product is particularly suitable for mixed PET glass.
  • the object of the present invention was achieved by the use of certain nonionic surfactants which meet all the requirements for chain conveyor belt lubricants, as listed above.
  • the lubricant combinations according to the invention show a very good coefficient of friction, a low foaming behavior, a good cleaning effect and good skin tolerance.
  • Moderate foaming behavior improves the lubricating effect in problem areas, such as Turntables, changers, etc., high substantivity and thus high lubricating performance even under unfavorable operating conditions (e.g. belt lubrication), generally applicable even with equipment shortcomings, good cleaning effect, high capillary activity and film formation on surfaces, also effective in the presence of organic loads and acids or alkalis and not corrosive even as a concentrate.
  • the lubricant combinations according to the invention are both independent of the water quality and low-foaming, stable in storage at low temperatures, not corrosive and particularly environmentally and skin-friendly.
  • the compounds of the general formula (I) are known in principle, as is the process for their preparation from "fatty amines and secondary products", company lettering from Hoechst AG.
  • the lubricants according to the invention contain the compounds of the general formulas (I) to (IV) in amounts of 1 to 99% by weight, preferably in amounts of 5 to 15% by weight, based on the overall formulation.
  • such lubricant combinations in the sense of the invention can consist exclusively of the amphoteric compounds mentioned and the associated surfactant base.
  • the invention also includes those lubricant formulations which contain the compounds of the general formulas (I) to (IV) only to a lesser extent, preferably in amounts of 5 to 15% by weight and in particular 10 to 12% by weight , contain.
  • the rest of the lubricant formulations preferably consist of water and additionally, if appropriate, of additives and / or auxiliaries and the surfactant base mentioned.
  • Suitable as lubricant constituents are primary, secondary and / or tertiary amines and / or salts of such amines, as are described - among other things - in the above-cited German patent application DE-A-39 05 548.
  • Examples of secondary amines of the general formulas (IIa) and (IIb) are: Di-coco-amine, di-stearyl-amine, di-tallow-amine and corresponding salts, preferably the acetates.
  • the lubricants according to the invention can be secondary diamines of the general formulas (IIIa), (IIIb) or (IIIc) R4-NH- (CH2) 3NH2 (IIIa) R4-NH- (CH2) 3N+H3 X ⁇ (IIIb) R4-N+H2- (CH2) 3-N+H3 2X ⁇ (IIIc) contain, where the radicals R4 and X ⁇ each have the meanings given above for the general formulas (IIa) and (IIb).
  • Examples of secondary diamines of the general formulas (IIIa), (IIIb) and (IIIc) are: N-lauryl-propylenediamine and N-tallow-propylenediamine, each in the form of the free amines and in the form of the acetate salts.
  • tertiary amines of the general formulas (IVa) and (IVb) are: N, N-dipropyl-N-laurylamine, N, N-dimethyl-N-laurylamine, N, N-dimethyl-N-hexadecylamine, N, N-dimethyl-N-cocosamine, N, N-dimethyl-N-cetylamine and the corresponding acetate salts.
  • Primary, secondary and tertiary amines which correspond to the general formulas (II), (III) and (IV) given above can be prepared by processes known from the literature and are in some cases offered as commercial products, for example from Hoechst AG, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, under the name GENAMIN R or from Lonza AG, Basel, Switzerland, under the name LONZABAC R 12.
  • the weight ratio of the compounds of the general formula (I) to the amines of the general formulas (II), (III) and / or (IV) is not critical. However, a weight ratio of compounds of the general formula (I) to the compounds of the general formulas (II), (III) and / or (IV) in the range from 10: 1 to 1:10, in particular a ratio of 5: 1, is preferred up to 1: 1.
  • the weight ratio mentioned above is based on the sum of the compounds (II), (III) and (IV) which may be used individually.
  • the lubricants according to the invention can contain, as auxiliaries, solubilizers for obtaining a homogeneous, clear water-soluble application solution.
  • solubilizers for obtaining a homogeneous, clear water-soluble application solution.
  • examples include: alcohols, polyalcohols, ethers or polyethers, in particular isopropanol, butyl glycol, butyl diglycol or ethylene glycol ether.
  • the amount of the solubilizer to be used depends in each case on the betaine or amine used, the person skilled in the art will determine the required amount of solubilizer by trial and error in the individual case. In general, additions to solubilizers in the range from 1 to 20% by weight, based on the overall formulation, are sufficient.
  • the alkyldimetylamine oxides to be used have a chain length of 10 to 18, in particular 12 to 14, carbon atoms in the alkyl radical.
  • the alkyl chains can be linear or branched, saturated, mono- or polyunsaturated.
  • Alkyl oligoglycosides which are derived from aldoses or ketoses and, in particular, from glucose because of their ready availability are preferred.
  • the preferred alkyl oligoglycosides are thus the alkyl oligoglucosides.
  • the alkyl radical R 1 can be derived from primary alcohols having 4 to 22, preferably 8 to 16, in particular 8 to 10, carbon atoms. Typical examples are butanol, capro alcohol, caprylic alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol and their technical mixtures based on natural fats and oils, for example palm oil, palm kernel oil, coconut oil or beef tallow.
  • Alkyl oligoglycosides are known substances that can be obtained by the relevant methods of preparative organic chemistry.
  • EP-A-0 301 298 As a representative of the extensive literature regarding its structure and synthesis, reference is made to the European patent application EP-A-0 301 298.
  • the surfactants mentioned in the range from 1 to 10% by weight, based on the total formulation, are sufficient for wetting the chains and plate conveyor belts.
  • the amine oxides as well as the alkyl oligoglycosides can each be used alone or in a mixture.
  • auxiliaries from the prior art are, for example, alkoxylated fatty amines, fatty alcohols or alkoxylated fatty alcohols.
  • these surfactants have the disadvantage of increased stress corrosion cracking in PET bottles. Such surfactants are therefore preferably not used in the sense of the present invention. If, however, this is desired, their share should be kept as low as possible.
  • the lubricants according to the invention preferably have a pH in the range from 4 to 11, in particular in the range from 6 to 9. If the pH of the lubricant is not already in this range, it can be added by adding an acid, preferably one Acid with the anion X ⁇ defined above, for example with acetic acid to the desired value.
  • the lubricants have a dynamic viscosity of less than 300 mPa.s, in particular less than 150 mPa.s and particularly preferably in the range from 5 to 100 mPa.s - in each case at 20 ° C - have.
  • a separate adjustment of the viscosity to the values mentioned is generally not necessary or is optionally carried out by adding suitable amounts of the preferred diluent water or a solubilizer.
  • the lubricants according to the invention can be prepared by simply mixing the components with water, optionally with the addition of the additives and / or auxiliaries mentioned.
  • the present invention relates to the use of lubricants of the type described above as chain lubricants in the food industry, in particular for automatic chain and belt lubrication systems.
  • the lubricants according to the invention are generally diluted with water.
  • Such aqueous application solutions generally contain 0.01% by weight of compounds of the general formulas (I) to (IV), preferably 0.01 to 0.2% by weight and in particular 0.02 to 0.04% by weight. % of such compounds and 0.1 to 1% by weight of the surfactants according to the invention mentioned.
  • the products according to the invention do not cause stress corrosion cracking and can therefore be used without problems for PET and PC containers.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PC polycarbonate
  • Neutral pH values are particularly preferred for clear water-soluble concentrates.
  • the lubricants according to the invention are namely suitable in the concentration required for chain and belt lubrication also for cleaning empties as well as machines and machine parts.
  • central foam systems in the food industry are partially equipped with permanently installed, automatic systems that automatically clean the outside of fillers, cylindroconical fermentation and storage tanks, conveyor belts and other machines and systems after production or during breaks.
  • the lubricants according to the invention can be used with great advantage.
  • the present invention further relates to the use of lubricants of the type described above for disinfecting and cleaning empties, machines and systems in the food and beverage industry.
  • Examples 1 and 2 according to the invention show the frictional resistance and the foaming behavior of lubricant formulations according to the invention.
  • the PET bottles are filled with carbonated water of 4.5 vol% CO2 and sealed accordingly.
  • the bottles are immersed in the substance to be tested in the bottom area (see Table 1) and stored at 38 ° C for 72 hours. Then the bottle is sampled (from no stress cracks to destroyed bottle).
  • the coefficient of friction " ⁇ " given below is the quotient of the measured tensile stress for a bottle to the weight of the bottle in grams.
  • the coefficient of friction should be 0.10 to 0.12 or less. If the value exceeds 0.15, the lubricating effect and thus the perfect transport will decrease significantly.
  • the clear water solubility of the application solutions should also be guaranteed over a longer test period in order to avoid deposits in ball valve filters, nozzles, spray and distribution systems, conveyor belts and transport goods.
  • the foam development should be low, since excessive foam not only interferes with the workflow (automatic bottle inspector) and occupational safety (risk of slipping), but also can soften the label and penetrate into the not yet sealed container. In addition, the coefficient of friction deteriorates due to excessive foaming tendency.
  • Anionic surfactants such as alkylbenzenesulfonate cannot be incorporated into the cationically reacting chain lubricants based on alkylamines, so that only amine oxides and alkyl polyglucosides remain for use in corresponding chain lubricants.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Agents lubrifiants dépourvus de savon, à base de composés amphotères, d'amines primaires, secondaires et/ou tertiaires et/ou des sels d'amines de ce type de formules générales (I), (IIa), (IIb), (IIIa), (IIIb), (IIIc), (IVa) et (IVb) :
    Figure imgb0004

            R⁴-NH-R⁵   (IIa)





            R⁴-N⁺H₂-R⁵ X⁻   (IIb)





            R⁴-NH-(CH₂)₃NH₂   (IIIa)





            R⁴-NH-(CH₂)₃N⁺H₃ X⁻   (IIIb)





            R⁴-N⁺H₂-(CH₂)₃-N⁺H₃ 2X⁻   (IIIc)





            R⁴-NR⁷R⁸   (IVa)



    et/ou



            R⁴-N⁺HR⁷R⁸ X⁻   (IVb)



    dans lesquelles:
    R représente un radical alcoyle saturé ou non saturé une fois ou plusieurs fois, linéaire ou ramifié ayant de 6 à 22 atomes de carbone, qui peut être substitué le cas échéant par -OH, -NH₂, -NH-, -CO-, -(CH₂CH₂O)l-ou-(CH₂CH₂CH₂O)l-,
    R¹ représente de l'hydrogène, un radical alcoyle ayant de 1 à 4 atomes de carbone, un radical hydroxyalcoyle ayant de 1 à 4 atomes de carbone ou un radical R³COOM,
    R² seulement dans le cas où M représente une charge négative, représente de l'hydrogène, un radical alcoyle ayant de 1 à 4 atomes de carbone ou un radical hydroxyalcoyle ayant de 1 à 4 atomes de carbone,
    R³ représente un radical alcoyle saturé ou non saturé une fois ou plusieurs fois, linéaire ou ramifié ayant de 1 à 12 atomes de carbone, qui peut être substitué le cas échéant par -OH , -NH₂, -NH-, -CO-, -(CH₂CH₂O)l-ou -(CH₂CH₂CH₂O)l -,
    R⁴ représente un radical alcoyle substitué ou non substitué, linéaire ou ramifié, saturé ou non saturé une fois ou plusieurs fois ayant de 6 à 22 atomes de carbone, qui peut posséder comme substituants au moins un radical amine, imine, hydroxy, halogène et/ou carboxyle, un radical phényle substitué, qui peut posséder comme substituants au moins un radical amine, imine, hydroxy, halogène, carboxyle et/ou un radical alcoyle linéaire ou ramifié, saturé ou non saturé une fois ou plusieurs fois ayant de 6 à 22 atomes de carbone,
    R⁵ représente de l'hydrogène ou indépendamment de R⁴, un radical R⁴,
    X⁻ représente un anion choisi dans le groupe des amidosulfonate, nitrate, halogénures, sulfate, hydrogenocarbonate, carbonate, phosphate ou R⁶-COO⁻ dans lequel,
    R⁶ représente de l'hydrogène, un radical alcoyle substitué ou non substitué, linéaire ou ramifié ayant de 1 à 20 atomes de carbone ou un radical alcényle ayant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone, qui peuvent posséder comme substituants au moins un radical hydroxy, amine ou imine ou un radical phényle substitué ou non substitué qui peut posséder comme substituants un radical alcoyle ayant de 1 à 20 atomes de carbone, et
    R⁷ et R⁸ respectivement indépendamment l'un de l'autre représentent un radical alcoyle substitué ou non substitué, linéaire ou ramifié, ayant de 1 à 20 atomes de carbone ou un radical alcényle ayant de 2 à 20 Atomes de carbone, qui peuvent posséder comme substituants, au moins un radical
    hydroxy, amine ou imine, ou représentent un radical phényle substitué ou non substitué qui comme substituants peut posséder un radical alcoyle ayant de 1 à 20 atomes de carbone, M représente de l'hydrogène, un métal alcalin, de l'ammonium, un radical alcoyle ayant de 1 à 4 atomes de carbone, un radical benzyle ou une charge négative,
    n est un nombre entier dans la gamme de 1 à 12,
    m est un nombre entier dans la gamme de 0 à 5, et,
    1 est un nombre dans la gamme de 0 à 5,
    contenant des oxydes d'alcoyldiméthylamine et/ou des alcoyloligoglycosides comme agents tensioactifs non ioniques.
  2. Agents lubrifiants selon la revendication 1, caractérisés en ce que dans la formule générale I,
       R représente un radical alcoyle saturé ou non saturé une fois ou plusieurs fois, linéaire, ayant de 10 à 18 atomes de carbone qui peut être substitué le cas échéant par -CO-, en particulier un radical alcoyle non substitué, saturé, linéaire ayant de 12 à 14 atomes de carbone,
       R¹ représente de l'hydrogène, un radical alcoyle ayant de 1 à 3 atomes de carbone ou un radical CH₂CH₂OH, en particulier l'hydrogène ou un radical alcoyle ayant de 1 à 3 atomes de carbone,
       R² représente de l'hydrogène ou un radical alcoyle ayant de 1 à 3 atomes de carbone,
       R³ représente un radical méthylène ou diméthylène, en particulier le radical méthylène,
       M représente de l'hydrogène ou une charge négative,
       n représente 2 ou 3,en particulier 2
       m représente 0,1 ou 2, en particulier 0.
  3. Agents lubrifiants selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisés en ce qu'ils renferment les composés de formules générales (I) à (IV) en une quantité allant de 1 à 99 % en poids, rapporté à la formulation totale.
  4. Agents lubrifiants selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'ils renferment les composés de formules générales (I) à (IV) en une quantité allant de 5 à 15 % en poids, en particulier de 10 à 12 % en poids, rapporté à la formulation totale.
  5. Agents lubrifiants selon les revendications 1 à 4, caractérisés en ce qu'ils renferment en supplément de l'eau et éventuellement des additifs ou des adjuvants.
  6. Agents lubrifiants selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisés en ce que le rapport pondéral des composés de formule générale (I) au composés de formules (II), (III) et/ou (IV) est ajusté dans la zone de 10:1 à 1:10, en particulier dans un rapport de 5:1 à 1:1.
  7. Agents lubrifiants selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisés en ce qu'ils renferment comme adjuvants des agents dissolvants et/ou des régulateurs du pH.
  8. Agents lubrifiants selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisés en ce qu'ils possèdent une valeur de pH dans la zone de 4 à 11, en particulier dans la zone de 6 à 9.
  9. Agents lubrifiants selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisés en ce qu'ils possèdent une viscosité dynamique de moins de 300 mPa.s, en particulier dans la zone de 5 à 100 mPa.s.
  10. Agents lubrifiants selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisés en ce que les oxydes d'alcoyldiméthylamine possèdent un radical alcoyle à chaîne droite ou ramifié, saturé ou non saturé une fois ou plusieurs fois ayant de 10 à 18, en particulier de 12 à 14 atomes de carbone.
  11. Agents lubrifiants selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisés en ce qu'ils comprennent des composés alcoyloligoglycosidiques de formule (V):



            R¹-O-[G}p   (V)



    dans laquelle R¹ représente un radical alcoyle ayant de 4 à 22 atomes de carbone, en particulier de 8 à 16 atomes de carbone, [G] représente un radical de sucre ayant 5 ou 6 atomes de carbone et,
    p est un nombre dans la gamme de 1 à 10.
  12. Agents lubrifiants selon la revendication 11, caractérisés en ce que les alcoyloligoglycosides dérivent d'aldoses et/ou de cétoses, en particulier du glucose.
  13. Agents lubrifiants selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisés en ce qu'ils renferment des alcoyloligoglucosides.
  14. Agents lubrifiants selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisés en ce qu'ils renferment de 1 à 10 % en poids d'alcoyloligoglycosides et/ou d'oxydes d'amine.
  15. Utilisation des agents lubrifiants selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14 comme agent lubrifiant pour des installations à chaîne, dans l'industrie des produits alimentaires, en particulier pour les installations à chaîne ou à bande, automatiques.
  16. Utilisation des agents lubrifiants selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14 pour le nettoyage d'emballages vides, de machines et d'installations dans l'industrie des produits alimentaires et des boissons.
EP93904004A 1992-03-02 1993-02-22 Base tensio-active pour lubrifiants sans savon Expired - Lifetime EP0629235B1 (fr)

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PCT/EP1993/000413 WO1993018121A1 (fr) 1992-03-02 1993-02-22 Base tensio-active pour lubrifiants sans savon

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EP0629235A1 (fr) 1994-12-21
CA2131312A1 (fr) 1993-09-16

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