EP0627482B1 - Verfahren zur Verwertung organische Bestandteile enthaltender Abfallstoffe durch Autotherme Vergasung - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Verwertung organische Bestandteile enthaltender Abfallstoffe durch Autotherme Vergasung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0627482B1 EP0627482B1 EP93120101A EP93120101A EP0627482B1 EP 0627482 B1 EP0627482 B1 EP 0627482B1 EP 93120101 A EP93120101 A EP 93120101A EP 93120101 A EP93120101 A EP 93120101A EP 0627482 B1 EP0627482 B1 EP 0627482B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gasification
- cooling
- waste materials
- gasification reactor
- agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012633 leachable Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
- C10J2300/0906—Physical processes, e.g. shredding, comminuting, chopping, sorting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1838—Autothermal gasification by injection of oxygen or steam
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for recycling organic Components containing waste materials through autothermal Gasification with the characteristics of the generic term of Claim 1.
- Such a method is particularly suitable for disposal of contaminated residues, since under the conditions of a High temperature gasification all in the contaminated residues contained pollutants are thermally split, a Formation of aromatic, polycyclic, heterocyclic or halogenated hydrocarbons excluded and the Mineral residues are melted and converted into a practically non-leachable form are transferred.
- the high temperature gasification such as. B. entrained-flow gasification
- waste materials which due to their nature do not or are difficult to grind, can hardly be achieved without pretreatment.
- To such commodities include extremely heterogeneous substances such as Household waste that contains both difficult-to-grind components such. B. Contain plastic foils as well as metals.
- Used tires that contain metals, which are used before grinding are to be removed sensibly. It is known this Waste before gasification by an upstream or in to pre-treat the gasification process integrated pyrolysis.
- the Pyrolysis products are in the subsequent gasification preferably with technically pure oxygen or a Oxygen / air / mixture implemented. Such a pyrolysis process is with an increased technical effort and with the possible Formation of toxic gases associated.
- the invention is based, for the generic Procedure to create a simplified procedure with the Help heterogeneous waste materials with not or difficult to grind Components are entered in the gasification reactor can.
- the effect of Embrittlement due to the known low-temperature treatment exploited to create a heterogeneous raw material like household waste processed in a high temperature gasification, without to have to apply a complex pretreatment by pyrolysis.
- the waste materials are removed by the low-temperature treatment embrittled so that the organic components of household waste then easily separated from metallic components, can be crushed and gasified.
- a side effect can largely pure metal can be obtained.
- the waste is reduced to one suitable grain size crushed.
- This grain size is determined after that the residence time of the shredded waste in the gasification reactor for the complete conversion of the organic components and the melting of the mineral and any metallic components that may still be present is sufficient.
- the shredded waste material is passed through a Screw extruder entry and / or a slurry entry and / or a dry dust lock entry into the gasification reactor fed.
- any inert coolant especially in the form of a frozen or one liquefied low-boiling gas
- Nitrogen is preferably used, which in a Air separation plant is obtained using the gasification plant is coupled and which serves as a gasifying agent Delivers oxygen. In this case, the nitrogen needed for the gasification process itself is worthless, used cheaply will.
- the Waste materials can also be carried out with carbon dioxide. This Carbon dioxide can be removed from the in a purification stage Gasification reactor generated fuel gas are separated.
- the Cooling of the carbon dioxide to the required Embrittlement temperature of the waste material takes place in one separate refrigeration system.
- the energy required to operate the Refrigeration system is preferably on the gasification system covered by the fuel gas generated in the gasification reactor burned and the heat contained in it is exploited.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Description
Claims (8)
- Verfahren zur Verwertung organische Bestandteile enthaltender Abfallstoffe durch autotherme Vergasung mit einem sauerstoffhaltigen Vergasungsmittel bei Temperaturen oberhalb des Schmelzpunktes der mineralischen und metallischen Bestandteile der Abfallstoffe, mindestens oberhalb 1200 °C, wobei als Vergasungsprodukte ein CO- und H2-haltiges, von aromatischen, polyzyklischen, heterozyklylischen oder halogenierten Kohlenwasserstoffen freies Brenngas und eine aus dem Schmelzfluß erstarrte, praktisch nicht auslaugbare Schlacke entstehen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zu vergasende Abfallstoff durch eine Schockkühlung mit einem inerten Kälteträger versprödet, in diesen Zustand zerkleinert und anschließend in den Vergasungsreaktor eingetragen wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der versprödete Abfallstoff auf eine für den Eintrag in den Vergasungsreaktor und auf eine der zur Verfügung stehenden Verweilzeit entsprechende, für den vollständigen Umsatz der organischen Bestandteile und das Einschmelzen der mineralischen und metallischen Bestandteil notwendige Korngröße zerkleinert wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Versprödung der Abfallstoffe durch eine Tieftemperaturbehandlung (Cryogenie) erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Sauerstoff als Vergasungsmittel in einer Luftzerlegungsanlage erzeugt wird und daß Stickstoff als Kälteträger verwendet wird, der aus dem Kühlkreislauf der Luftzerlegungsanlage entnommen wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kälteträger in einer separaten Kälteanlage auf die erforderliche Versprödungstemperatur für die Tieftemperaturbehandlung abgekühlt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Kälteträger Kohlendioxid verwendet wird, das aus dem in dem erzeugten Vergasungsreaktor Brenngas abgetrennt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Energiebedarf zum Betrieb der Kälteanlage durch Nutzung des in dem Vergasungsreaktor erzeugten Brenngases gedeckt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Eintrag der zerkleinerten Abfallstoffe in den Vergasungsreaktor über einen Schneckenextruder-Eintrag und/oder einen Slurry-Eintrag und/oder einen Trockenstaub-Schleusen-Eintrag erfolgt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4318566A DE4318566A1 (de) | 1993-06-04 | 1993-06-04 | Verfahren zur Verwertung organische Bestandteile enthaltender Abfallstoffe durch autotherme Vergasung |
| DE4318566 | 1993-06-04 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0627482A2 EP0627482A2 (de) | 1994-12-07 |
| EP0627482A3 EP0627482A3 (de) | 1995-02-08 |
| EP0627482B1 true EP0627482B1 (de) | 1998-02-18 |
Family
ID=6489623
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93120101A Expired - Lifetime EP0627482B1 (de) | 1993-06-04 | 1993-12-14 | Verfahren zur Verwertung organische Bestandteile enthaltender Abfallstoffe durch Autotherme Vergasung |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0627482B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1096048A (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE163307T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE4318566A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2112379T3 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19632731C2 (de) * | 1996-04-03 | 2000-08-24 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren zur thermischen Behandlung oder Verwertung organische Bestandteile enthaltender Abfallstoffe |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2613298A1 (de) * | 1976-03-29 | 1977-10-20 | Hazemag Andreas Kg | Vorrichtung zum tiefkuehlen von gegenstaenden |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2502527A (en) * | 1946-10-23 | 1950-04-04 | Alden I Mcfarlan | Quick-freezing |
| US3007319A (en) * | 1958-04-11 | 1961-11-07 | Ralph P Ogden | Method and apparatus for quick freezing foods by direct immersion |
| DE2101739A1 (de) * | 1971-01-15 | 1972-07-20 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln | Verfahren zur Aufbereitung eines aus mehreren unterschiedlichen Komponenten zusammengesetzten Gutes, insbesondere zur Rückgewinnung der Metallanteile aus Kabelabfällen |
| US3914953A (en) * | 1974-05-01 | 1975-10-28 | Air Prod & Chem | Cryogenic fragmentation freezer |
| FR2567535B1 (fr) * | 1984-07-12 | 1990-04-06 | Tijoux Pierre | Dispositif de gazeification de produits ou dechets solides, concrets, pateux ou plastiques |
| US5081845A (en) * | 1990-07-02 | 1992-01-21 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Integrated air separation plant - integrated gasification combined cycle power generator |
| DE4200341C2 (de) * | 1991-11-18 | 1997-04-17 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Hochtemperaturvergasung feinkörniger brennwertreicher organischer Abfallstoffe |
| TW197977B (en) * | 1992-06-26 | 1993-01-11 | Jing-Wei Chen | Liquid nitrogen apparatus for plastic particles |
-
1993
- 1993-06-04 DE DE4318566A patent/DE4318566A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-12-14 EP EP93120101A patent/EP0627482B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-12-14 DE DE59308166T patent/DE59308166D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-12-14 ES ES93120101T patent/ES2112379T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-12-14 AT AT93120101T patent/ATE163307T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1994
- 1994-02-19 CN CN94101401A patent/CN1096048A/zh not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2613298A1 (de) * | 1976-03-29 | 1977-10-20 | Hazemag Andreas Kg | Vorrichtung zum tiefkuehlen von gegenstaenden |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0627482A3 (de) | 1995-02-08 |
| ATE163307T1 (de) | 1998-03-15 |
| DE4318566A1 (de) | 1994-12-08 |
| EP0627482A2 (de) | 1994-12-07 |
| CN1096048A (zh) | 1994-12-07 |
| DE59308166D1 (de) | 1998-03-26 |
| ES2112379T3 (es) | 1998-04-01 |
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