EP0623750B1 - Pump of the axial type - Google Patents

Pump of the axial type Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0623750B1
EP0623750B1 EP94106634A EP94106634A EP0623750B1 EP 0623750 B1 EP0623750 B1 EP 0623750B1 EP 94106634 A EP94106634 A EP 94106634A EP 94106634 A EP94106634 A EP 94106634A EP 0623750 B1 EP0623750 B1 EP 0623750B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
edges
onflow
rotor
centrifugal pump
inner casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94106634A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0623750A1 (en
Inventor
Jan Dr. Bernauer
Lech Dr. Bobowski
Karl Hahn
Horst SCHÄFER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KSB AG
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KSB AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KSB AG filed Critical KSB AG
Publication of EP0623750A1 publication Critical patent/EP0623750A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0623750B1 publication Critical patent/EP0623750B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D3/00—Axial-flow pumps
    • F04D3/005—Axial-flow pumps with a conventional single stage rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/548—Specially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D7/00—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifugal pump of the axial type Conveying liquids containing fibrous components, with a plurality of downstream one Impeller arranged, between an outer casing and an inner casing extending guide vanes, within the Inner housing for the impeller drive elements are arranged, the guide vanes with their leading edges in the direction of flow are inclined forward and between the impeller and the leading edges a stripping and / or cutting device is arranged.
  • a centrifugal pump according to EPA 0 475 920 is limited to a motor pump unit, d. H. the guide vanes serve here at the same time to hold a motor housing.
  • the design corresponds to the generally known one Axial pump design with a downstream of the impeller Guide vanes having housing part.
  • To get through constipation Avoiding fibrous components are the leading edges of the Guide vanes tilted backwards when viewed in the direction of flow. This is to avoid that in wastewater production admixtures in the water are as far as possible caught on the guide vanes away from the impeller.
  • GB-A-386 626 shows a generic solution use a blade design, in which between the Leading edges of the guide vanes and the trailing edges of the Barrels a gap of only one millimeter in width remains. The blades thus form one over the entire blade length cutting device. A such cutting device is very prone to failure and can larger or harder objects to block or break a shovel.
  • the invention is therefore based on the problem for generic Centrifugal pumps to develop a solution with their help a trouble-free operation when conveying fibrous components containing media is guaranteed.
  • the solution this problem occurs according to the features of claim 1.
  • claims 2 and 3 describe the Inclination of the leading edges on guide vanes that are not in pure radial direction. Their inclination improves the hydraulic efficiency of the pump.
  • the guide vanes are partial only attached to the outer housing.
  • the guide vanes are partial only attached to the outer housing.
  • the scraper and / or attached to the impeller hub Cutting device is formed by cams.
  • the centrifugal pump shown in Fig. 1 has an axial type an outer housing 1, within which an inner housing 2 by means of Guide blades 3 is held.
  • the inner housing 2 does not take here Drive elements further shown, of which the impeller 4th is driven.
  • the drive elements can be a Shaft with bearings, a drive motor driving the impeller or act similar drive elements.
  • a scraper or a cutting device 5 Seen in the flow direction behind the impeller 4 is a scraper or a cutting device 5 is attached. This can be placed directly on the hub of the impeller or part one connected to and driven by the hub Component.
  • the stripping and / or cutting device 5 is in one Arranged hub area, which lies opposite the inner housing 2.
  • the leading edges 6 also begin in this area the guide vanes 3.
  • the stripping device used here are at the flow end of the hub 7 several cams attached, with which on the leading edge 6 in the area of the inner housing 2 accumulating fiber parts removable are.
  • a wiping, Cutting device or a combination of both uses Find.
  • FIG. 2 shows a view according to arrow X of FIG. 1.
  • accumulated fibers 8 are the passing by Cutting or stripping device passed into the stator channels 9 and washed away.
  • the dashed arrow corresponds to the direction of rotation of the impeller, not shown here.
  • the guide vanes 3 are here - starting from the attachment point on the inner housing 2 - inclined in the circumferential direction against the direction of rotation of the impeller.
  • the pumped medium emerging from the impeller 2 supports the fibers slide along the leading edges Cutting or stripping device.
  • stator blades that are in extend in the radial direction between the outer and inner housing.
  • FIG. 3 Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 3.
  • a total of six guide vanes 3.1, 3.2 are used, whereby only every other guide vane 3.2 the inner housing 2 with the Outer housing 1 connects.
  • the other guide vanes 3.1 are only attached to the outer housing 1. Fibers sliding along it can then in the gap 10 between the inner housing 2 and guide vanes 3.1 slide off the guide vanes and flow away with the flow.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kreiselpumpe axialer Bauart zur Förderung von faserige Bestandteile enthaltende Flüssigkeiten, mit einer Mehrzahl von in Strömungsrichtung hinter einem Laufrad angeordneten, sich zwischen einem Außengehäuse und einem Innengehäuse erstreckenden Leitschaufeln, innerhalb des Innengehäuses für das Laufrad Antriebselemente angeordnet sind, die Leitschaufeln mit ihren Anströmkanten in Strömungsrichtung nach vorn geneigt sind und zwischen Laufrad und den Anströmkanten eine Abstreif- und/oder Schneideinrichtung angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a centrifugal pump of the axial type Conveying liquids containing fibrous components, with a plurality of downstream one Impeller arranged, between an outer casing and an inner casing extending guide vanes, within the Inner housing for the impeller drive elements are arranged, the guide vanes with their leading edges in the direction of flow are inclined forward and between the impeller and the leading edges a stripping and / or cutting device is arranged.

Eine Kreiselpumpe gemäß der EPA 0 475 920 beschränkt sich auf ein Motorpumpenaggregat, d. h. die Leitschaufeln dienen hier gleichzeitig zur Halterung eines Motorgehäuses. Im Prinzip entspricht die Bauart jedoch der allgemein bekannten Axialpumpenbauart mit einem dem Laufrad nachgeordneten, Leitschaufeln aufweisenden Gehäuseteil. Um Verstopfungen durch faserige Bestandteile zu vermeiden, sind die Anströmkanten der Leitschaufeln in Strömungsrichtung gesehen nach hinten geneigt. Damit soll vermieden werden, daß die bei der Abwasserförderung im Wasser befindlichen Beimengungen sich möglichst weit entfernt vom Laufrad an den Leitschaufeln verfangen.A centrifugal pump according to EPA 0 475 920 is limited to a motor pump unit, d. H. the guide vanes serve here at the same time to hold a motor housing. Basically however, the design corresponds to the generally known one Axial pump design with a downstream of the impeller Guide vanes having housing part. To get through constipation Avoiding fibrous components are the leading edges of the Guide vanes tilted backwards when viewed in the direction of flow. This is to avoid that in wastewater production admixtures in the water are as far as possible caught on the guide vanes away from the impeller.

Dieses Prinzip der rückwärts gekrümmten Leitschaufeln bei axial durchströmten Maschinen ist bereits seit langem durch die DE-PS 459 798 bekannt. Hierbei sind ebenfalls die Befestigungspunkte der Leitschaufeln am Außengehäuse sehr weit hinter das Laufrad verlegt, um somit eine Ansammlung von Feststoffen zu verhindern bzw. möglichst weit entfernt vom Laufrad stattfinden zu lassen. Beide Gestaltungen vermögen aber immer noch nicht das Problem zu lösen, daß trotzdem Anhäufungen von faserigen Bestandteilen innerhalb des Leitrades am Übergang zwischen Leitschaufel und Gehäuse stattfinden und damit die Leistung der Pumpe negativ beeinflußt wird.This principle of backward curved vanes at axial flowed through machines has long been through the DE-PS 459 798 known. Here are also the Fastening points of the guide vanes on the outer casing very far relocated behind the impeller to create a collection of To prevent solids or as far away from To let the impeller take place. Both designs are capable but still not solving the problem that still accumulations of fibrous components inside the stator on Transition between guide vane and housing take place and so that the performance of the pump is adversely affected.

Eine gattungsgemäße Lösung zeigt die GB-A-386 626. Hier findet eine Schaufelgestaltung Verwendung, bei der zwischen den Anströmkanten der Leitschaufeln und den Austrittskanten der Laufschafeln ein Spalt von nur einem Millimeter Breite verbleibt. Damit bilden die Schaufeln eine sich über die gesamte Schaufellänge erstreckende Schneideinrichtung. Eine solche Schneideinrichtung ist sehr störanfällig und kann bei größeren oder härteren Gegenständen zur Blockade oder zum Bruch einer Schaufel führen.GB-A-386 626 shows a generic solution use a blade design, in which between the Leading edges of the guide vanes and the trailing edges of the Barrels a gap of only one millimeter in width remains. The blades thus form one over the entire blade length cutting device. A such cutting device is very prone to failure and can larger or harder objects to block or break a shovel.

Der Erfindung liegt daher das Problem zugrunde, für gattungsgemäße Kreiselpumpen eine Lösung zu entwickeln, mit deren Hilfe ein problemloser Betrieb bei der Förderung von faserige Bestandteile enthaltenden Medien gewährleistet wird. Die Lösung dieses Problems erfolgt gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1.The invention is therefore based on the problem for generic Centrifugal pumps to develop a solution with their help a trouble-free operation when conveying fibrous components containing media is guaranteed. The solution this problem occurs according to the features of claim 1.

Durch die mit der Laufradnabe rotierenden Abstreifer oder Schneideinrichtungen sowie in Verbindung mit den gegen die Strömungsrichtung geneigten Anströmkanten der Leitschaufeln wird sichergestellt, daß an den Leitschaufelkanten sich verfangende Beimengungen des Fördermediums zur Nabe hin transportiert werden. Die Leitschaufelkanten sind so ausgebildet, daß daran auftreffende Faserteile entweder abgleiten oder daran entlang in Richtung Innengehäuse gleiten. In dessen Bereich werden sie dann vom Abstreifer und/oder der Schneideinrichtung entfernt und können problemlos durch das Leitrad abfließen. Somit wird für jeden Betriebszustand gewährleistet, daß das Leitrad frei von die Leistungsdaten beeinflussenden Ansammlungen bleibt.With the wipers or rotating with the impeller hub Cutting devices as well as in connection with the against the Flow direction inclined leading edges of the guide vanes it is ensured that traps on the guide vane edges get caught Mixtures of the pumped medium are transported to the hub will. The guide vane edges are designed so that it Impinging fiber parts either slide off or along slide towards the inner case. In their area they will then removed from the scraper and / or the cutting device and can easily flow through the stator. Thus ensures that the idler is free for every operating condition of accumulations influencing the performance data remains.

Die Ausgestaltungen der Ansprüche 2 und 3 beschreiben die Neigung der Anströmkanten bei Leitschaufeln, die nicht in rein radialer Richtung verlaufen. Deren Neigung verbessert den hydraulischen Wirkungsgrad der Pumpe.The embodiments of claims 2 and 3 describe the Inclination of the leading edges on guide vanes that are not in pure radial direction. Their inclination improves the hydraulic efficiency of the pump.

Nach einer anderen Ausgestaltung sind die Leitschaufeln teilweise nur am Außengehäuse befestigt. Somit können an der Anströmkante der Leitschaufel entlanggleitende Fasern zwischen Innengehäuse und Leitschaufelende von der Leitschaufel abrutschen. Durch die nur einseitige Leitschaufelbefestigung am Außengehäuse ist ein sicheres Abrutschen eventuell daran anhaftender Fasern gewährleistet.According to another embodiment, the guide vanes are partial only attached to the outer housing. Thus, on the leading edge fibers sliding along the guide vane between Slip the inner casing and the end of the vane off the vane. Due to the only one-sided vane attachment on Outer housing is a safe slip possibly sticking to it Fibers guaranteed.

Die an der Laufradnabe angebrachte Abstreif- und/oder Schneideinrichtung wird durch Nocken gebildet. The scraper and / or attached to the impeller hub Cutting device is formed by cams.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen die

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt durch eine Strömungsmaschine, die
Fig. 2 und 3
zwei Ansichten von der Druckseite auf die Leitrad-Anordnung.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are described in more detail below. They show
Fig. 1
a longitudinal section through a turbomachine, the
2 and 3
two views from the pressure side of the stator arrangement.

Die in Fig. 1 gezeigte Kreiselpumpe axialer Bauart verfügt über ein Außengehäuse 1, innerhalb dessen ein Innengehäuse 2 mittels Leitschaufeln 3 gehalten ist. Das Innengehäuse 2 nimmt hier nicht weiter dargestellte Antriebselemente auf, von denen das Laufrad 4 angetrieben wird. Bei den Antriebselementen kann es sich um eine Welle mit Lagerungen, ein das Laufrad antreibender Antriebsmotor oder ähnliche Antriebselemente handeln.The centrifugal pump shown in Fig. 1 has an axial type an outer housing 1, within which an inner housing 2 by means of Guide blades 3 is held. The inner housing 2 does not take here Drive elements further shown, of which the impeller 4th is driven. The drive elements can be a Shaft with bearings, a drive motor driving the impeller or act similar drive elements.

In Strömungsrichtung gesehen hinter dem Laufrad 4 ist eine Abstreif- oder eine Schneideinrichtung 5 angebracht. Diese kann direkt auf der Nabe des Laufrades angeordnet sein oder Bestandteil eines mit der Nabe in Verbindung stehenden sowie davon angetriebenen Bauteiles sein.Seen in the flow direction behind the impeller 4 is a scraper or a cutting device 5 is attached. This can be placed directly on the hub of the impeller or part one connected to and driven by the hub Component.

Die Abstreif- und/oder die Schneideinrichtung 5 ist in demjenigen Nabenbereich angeordnet, der dem Innengehäuse 2 gegenüberliegt. Des weiteren beginnen in diesem Bereich auch die Anströmkanten 6 der Leitschaufeln 3. Bei der hier Anwendung findenden Abstreifeinrichtung sind am strömungsseitigen Ende der Nabe 7 mehrere Nocken angebracht, mit denen an der Anströmkante 6 im Bereich des Innengehäuses 2 sich ansammelnde Faserteile entfernbar sind. In Abhängigkeit von dem Fördermedium kann eine Abstreif-, Schneideinrichtung oder eine Kombination von beiden Verwendung finden.The stripping and / or cutting device 5 is in one Arranged hub area, which lies opposite the inner housing 2. In addition, the leading edges 6 also begin in this area the guide vanes 3. In the stripping device used here are at the flow end of the hub 7 several cams attached, with which on the leading edge 6 in the area of the inner housing 2 accumulating fiber parts removable are. Depending on the pumped medium, a wiping, Cutting device or a combination of both uses Find.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt eine Ansicht gemäß Pfeil X von Fig. 1. Im Bereich des Innengehäuses 2 an den Anströmkanten der Leitschaufeln 3 angesammelte Fasern 8 werden durch die daran vorbeistreichende Schneid- oder Abstreifeinrichtung in die Leitradkanäle 9 geleitet und weggespült. Der gestrichelte Pfeil entspricht der Drehrichtung des hier nicht dargestellten Laufrades. Die Leitschaufeln 3 sind hierbei - ausgehend vom Befestigungspunkt am Innengehäuse 2 - in Umfangsrichtung gegen die Drehrichtung des Laufrades geneigt. Somit unterstützt das aus dem Laufrad 2 austretende Fördermedium das Entlanggleiten der Fasern an den Anströmkanten zur Schneid- oder Abstreifeinrichtung hin. Selbstverständlich funktioniert diese Lösung auch bei Leitradschaufeln, die sich in radialer Richtung zwischen Außen- und Innengehäuse erstrecken.FIG. 2 shows a view according to arrow X of FIG. 1. In the area of the inner housing 2 on the leading edges of the guide vanes 3 accumulated fibers 8 are the passing by Cutting or stripping device passed into the stator channels 9 and washed away. The dashed arrow corresponds to the direction of rotation of the impeller, not shown here. The guide vanes 3 are here - starting from the attachment point on the inner housing 2 - inclined in the circumferential direction against the direction of rotation of the impeller. Thus, the pumped medium emerging from the impeller 2 supports the fibers slide along the leading edges Cutting or stripping device. Of course it works this solution also for stator blades that are in extend in the radial direction between the outer and inner housing.

Eine andere Ausführungsform ist in der Fig. 3 gezeigt. Hierbei finden insgesamt sechs Leitschaufeln 3.1, 3.2 Anwendung, wobei nur jede zweite Leitschaufel 3.2 das Innengehäuse 2 mit dem Außengehäuse 1 verbindet. Die anderen Leitschaufeln 3.1 sind nur am Außengehäuse 1 befestigt. Daran entlanggleitende Fasern können dann im Spalt 10 zwischen Innengehäuse 2 und Leitschaufeln 3.1 von den Leitschaufeln abgleiten und mit der Strömung abfließen.Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 3. Here a total of six guide vanes 3.1, 3.2 are used, whereby only every other guide vane 3.2 the inner housing 2 with the Outer housing 1 connects. The other guide vanes 3.1 are only attached to the outer housing 1. Fibers sliding along it can then in the gap 10 between the inner housing 2 and guide vanes 3.1 slide off the guide vanes and flow away with the flow.

Claims (5)

  1. Centrifugal pump of the axial type for the conveyance of liquids containing fibrous constituents, with a plurality of guide blades (3) arranged after a rotor (4) in the direction of flow and extending between an outer casing (1) and an inner casing (2), drive elements being arranged within the inner casing (2) for the rotor (4), and the guide blades (3) being inclined with their onflow edges (6) forwards in the direction of flow, characterized in that a stripping and/or cutting device (5) is arranged opposite the inner casing (2) on the rotor hub (7) between the rotor (4) and the onflow edges (6) and at an axial distance from the rotor, fibrous constituents, which adhere to the onflow edges (6) of the guide blades (3) and which slide along these to the inner casing (2), being removed from the onflow edges (6) of the guide blades (3) in the region of the inner casing (2) by the stripping and/or cutting device (5) which is located only in the hub region.
  2. Centrifugal pump according to Claim 1, characterized in that the onflow edges (6) are inclined in the circumferential direction counter to the direction of rotation of the rotor (4).
  3. Centrifugal pump according to Claim 1, characterized in that, in meridional contour, the onflow edges are inclined forwards counter to the direction of flow.
  4. Centrifugal pump according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the guide blades (3.1) are fastened partially only to the outer casing (1).
  5. Centrifugal pump according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that bosses mounted on the hub form the stripping and/or cutting device (5).
EP94106634A 1993-05-03 1994-04-28 Pump of the axial type Expired - Lifetime EP0623750B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4314477 1993-05-03
DE4314477A DE4314477A1 (en) 1993-05-03 1993-05-03 Centrifugal pump of axial design

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0623750A1 EP0623750A1 (en) 1994-11-09
EP0623750B1 true EP0623750B1 (en) 1998-07-29

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EP94106634A Expired - Lifetime EP0623750B1 (en) 1993-05-03 1994-04-28 Pump of the axial type

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DE (2) DE4314477A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19510811A1 (en) * 1995-03-24 1996-09-26 Klein Schanzlin & Becker Ag Fiber-repellent wall surface design
WO1999019209A1 (en) * 1997-10-09 1999-04-22 Ishigaki Company Limited Closure preventive device for water jet propulsion type outboard motor
US8124019B2 (en) * 2009-08-21 2012-02-28 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Clog-resistant pump assembly for slurry loop reactor
NL2003467C2 (en) * 2009-09-10 2011-03-14 Nijhuis Pompen B V FISH-FRIENDLY PUMP OR TURBINE DEVICE.

Family Cites Families (15)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE459798C (en) * 1928-05-14 Koester Friedrich Diffuser for screw pumps
DE501662C (en) * 1930-07-05 Koester Friedrich Screw or propeller pump
DE500266C (en) * 1930-06-23 Koester Friedrich Propeller that works in a housing
FR386626A (en) * 1907-03-16 1908-06-18 Ernst Steffen Process for the preparation of a malt drink containing little alcohol, frothy and not fermenting
DE547239C (en) * 1930-02-16 1932-03-30 Carl Pape Arrangement of color filters for naturally colored films
US3170646A (en) * 1963-01-04 1965-02-23 Frederick H Springer Portable pump
SE384070B (en) * 1974-07-23 1976-04-12 Stenberg Flygt Ab PROPELLER PUMP
US4063849A (en) * 1975-02-12 1977-12-20 Modianos Doan D Non-clogging, centrifugal, coaxial discharge pump
SU798359A1 (en) * 1978-12-08 1981-01-23 Латвийский Научно-Исследовательскийинститут Механизации И Электрифика-Ции Сельского Хозяйства Centrifugal pump for pumping non-uniform media with fibrous inclusions
SU1317183A1 (en) * 1985-07-17 1987-06-15 Карагандинское Производственное Объединение По Добыче Угля "Карагандауголь" Pump for transferring heterogeneous media
DE3608229A1 (en) * 1986-03-12 1987-09-17 Klein Schanzlin & Becker Ag BLADE FOR AN AXIAL CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
SU1488594A1 (en) * 1986-10-02 1989-06-23 Vnii Mekh Selskogo Khoz Centrifugal pump for nonhomogeneous fiber-containing fluids
FR2628484A1 (en) * 1988-03-09 1989-09-15 Borreguero Raphael Water turbine for driving small boat - incorporates system to chop up any vegetation entering it
SE466767B (en) * 1990-04-02 1992-03-30 Flygt Ab Itt RETURN-FREE PUMP
SE466768B (en) * 1990-09-12 1992-03-30 Flygt Ab Itt AXIAL TYPE RELEASED PUMP

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Publication number Publication date
EP0623750A1 (en) 1994-11-09
DE59406531D1 (en) 1998-09-03
DE4314477A1 (en) 1994-11-10

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