Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
  • C22B34/30—Obtaining chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
  • C22B34/32—Obtaining chromium
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
  • C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
  • C22B5/08—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by sulfides; Roasting reaction methods
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
  • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

• the present invention concerns a new reduction process for hexavalent chromium contained in the earth resulting from the production of chromium, in order to obtain the transformation from water-soluble compounds into insoluble compounds.
• the invention also concerns a plant for carrying out the above-mentioned process.
• a normal reducing agent such as ferrous sulphate, ferrous chloride etc. , which reduce the chromium from CrO to Cr 0 , which is
• the aim of the present invention is to solve the above problems by means of a process and a plant which will enable the carrying out of the reduction of hexavalent chromium compounds present in the resultant earth, in an alkaline environment and in a simple, 25. economical and efficacious manner.
• This aim has been achieved by means of the present invention, which concerns a process for the reduction of hexavalent chromium in the residual products from the processing of chromium minerals, characterized in that it comprises the phases of mixing the said residual products with one or more reducing agents and of indirectly heating the said mixture substantially without the presence of oxygen.
• the invention concerns a plant for the reduction of 5.
• sulphur is used as a reducing agent, which, preferably, is mixed with the residual earths, previously dried and then heated to a temperature at least equal to that of sublimation (about 445°C) .
• the process operates 15. continuously, by means of an indirect heat, sealed rotary furnace, and without the circulation of gases.
• the residual products 1 of the leaching (or resultant earth) are dried (A) in an already known way, until they are substantially dry and then mixed in 2 (phase B) with sulphur, with
• the preferred reagent is sulphur, and reference will be made to it now in the description which follows, without intending in this way to restrict the area of protection of the present invention.
• the ratio of residual earth: sulphur is generally between
• the dry mixture obtained in this way is fed to the reactor 3, which is preferably an indirect heat rotary furnace, provided with sealing 20.
• the reactor 3 which is preferably an indirect heat rotary furnace, provided with sealing 20.
• means 4 and 5 located at its ends and in any case on every possible opening, so as to avoid, or reduce to the minimum, the entry of air and in order to operate substantially without the presence of oxygen.
• the phases of drying, mixing and feeding to the reactor 3 can follow any succession in time, even if the order described above is the 25. preferred one.
• the external heating system 6 which is shown diagrammatically as a series of burners, furnishes the reactor with heat to sublime the sulphur, which is at this point capable of reacting, by removing oxygen from the compounds present in the residual products and reducing the hexavalent chromium.
• the minimum 10. temperature is that of the sublimation of sulphur and the preferred reaction temperature is of about 500-550°C.
• the process is carried out without the presence of oxygen and without the circulation of gases, since the atmosphere of sulphur and SO generated by the reaction is sufficient 15. to obtain the required conditions of reducing atmosphere.
• the treated residual products 7 do not contain any appreciable quantity of hexavalent chromium (see the examples given below) .
• the reacted sulphur becomes fixed in the material in the form of reducing salts (sulphites, sulphates, 25. etc.), which are possibly capable of reducing traces of hexavalent chromium which, because of difficulty in contact due, for example, to the high granulometry of the residual products, were not reduced during the reaction.
• the mixture thus obtained is placed, in a platinum tank, in a tubular laboratory muffle and kept at 510°C (inside temperature) for two hours.
• the phases of insertion and extraction of the sample take place in a flow of nitrogen to avoid oxidation phenomena arising from the presence of air.
• the hexavalent chromium in the final product is always lower than 5 ppm.
• the mixture obtained in this way is placed, in a platinum tank, in a tubular laboratory muffle and kept at 490°C (inside temperature) for
• the hexavalent chromium in the final product is always lower than 5 ppm.
• the mixture obtained in this way is placed, in a platinum tank, in a tubular laboratory muffle and kept at 680°C (inside temperature) for 30 minutes.
• the phases of insertion and extraction of the sample are carried out in a nitrogen flow, in order to avoid oxidation phenomena caused by the presence of air.
• the hexavalent chromium in the final product is always lower than 5 ppm.
• the hexavalent chromium in the final product is always lower than 5 5. ppm.
• the operation is carried out at an inside temperature of 510-520°C in 15. conditions such as to allow a stay time of 25-30 minutes.
• the hexavalent chromium is always lower than 5 ppm.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
• Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
• Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
• Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=11361603

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (14)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (2)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 1992
  • 1992-01-21 IT IT92MI92 patent/IT1262918B/it active IP Right Grant
  • 1992-12-29 CZ CZ941703A patent/CZ170394A3/cs unknown
  • 1992-12-29 EP EP93902135A patent/EP0621905A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1992-12-29 BR BR9207057A patent/BR9207057A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1992-12-29 SK SK841-94A patent/SK84194A3/sk unknown
  • 1992-12-29 WO PCT/EP1992/003007 patent/WO1993014232A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1992-12-29 AU AU33475/93A patent/AU3347593A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1992-12-29 RU RU94044672A patent/RU2096511C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1992-12-29 PL PL92304301A patent/PL171592B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1992-12-29 RO RO94-01227A patent/RO110458B1/ro unknown
• 1993
  • 1993-01-05 ZA ZA9343A patent/ZA9343B/xx unknown
  • 1993-01-18 TR TR1893A patent/TR26598A/xx unknown
  • 1993-01-20 CN CN93100815A patent/CN1074948A/zh active Pending
  • 1993-01-21 MX MX9300307A patent/MX9300307A/es unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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