EP0620089A2 - Méthode et matrice de pressage isostatique, en particulier pour la fabrication de carreaux en céramique - Google Patents

Méthode et matrice de pressage isostatique, en particulier pour la fabrication de carreaux en céramique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0620089A2
EP0620089A2 EP94200624A EP94200624A EP0620089A2 EP 0620089 A2 EP0620089 A2 EP 0620089A2 EP 94200624 A EP94200624 A EP 94200624A EP 94200624 A EP94200624 A EP 94200624A EP 0620089 A2 EP0620089 A2 EP 0620089A2
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
die
membrane
plate
isostatic
cavity
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94200624A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0620089A3 (fr
EP0620089B1 (fr
Inventor
Maris Algeri
Nunzio Annovi
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from ITMO930028A external-priority patent/IT1262594B/it
Priority claimed from IT000068 external-priority patent/IT1262621B/it
Priority claimed from ITMO930123A external-priority patent/IT1262666B/it
Priority claimed from ITMO930159A external-priority patent/IT1262688B/it
Priority to EP96200762A priority Critical patent/EP0720896B1/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP96201446A priority patent/EP0736363B1/fr
Publication of EP0620089A2 publication Critical patent/EP0620089A2/fr
Publication of EP0620089A3 publication Critical patent/EP0620089A3/fr
Publication of EP0620089B1 publication Critical patent/EP0620089B1/fr
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/34—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials
    • B28B7/346—Manufacture of moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/003—Pressing by means acting upon the material via flexible mould wall parts, e.g. by means of inflatable cores, isostatic presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/001—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a flexible element, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure; Isostatic presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/02—Dies; Inserts therefor; Mounting thereof; Moulds
    • B30B15/022—Moulds for compacting material in powder, granular of pasta form
    • B30B15/024—Moulds for compacting material in powder, granular of pasta form using elastic mould parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B5/00—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups
    • B30B5/02—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of a flexible element, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure

Definitions

  • the Invention concerns an isostatic die, particularly for ceramic tiles, divided into two semi-dies (punch and matrix), at least one semi-die having at least one cavity containing a substantially incompressible fluid, the side of the cavity facing the clay mixture to be pressed being closed by an elastic element, said elastic element comprising a central zone and a peripheral zone.
  • Patent IT-A-1 104 511 The state of the art involves Patent IT-A-1 104 511, by the same applicant relating to a method and a device for achieving uniform pressing of ceramic tiles.
  • the method envisages the application to the free surface of the clay mixture introduced into the opening of the die, during the action of pressing of an elastic moulding surface, or elastic membrane, held in firm contact with the clay mixture, to form one face of the tile, by means of an incompressible fluid: this, to neutralize the effects of zones of disuniform density in the body of the formed tile which would cause uneven shrinkage on firing, with consequent variations in the size, or linearity, of the sides of the tile and/or of the planarity of its surface and with the additional possibility of cracking or breakage.
  • said method and device do not always enable sufficiently flat (back) surfaces, and hence sufficiently uniform tile thickness, to be readily achieved, particularly in the case of large formats: indeed, in the die described in the state-of-the-art patent, a variant has recently been proposed featuring an auxiliary punch base with, on its front face, a chessboard-like array of large flat squares surrounded by channels for the distribution of the liquid, communicating with the internal surface of the overlying membrane by means of large, corresponding square alveoli, forming part of an intermediate punch-plate superimposed on said auxiliary punch base; the smooth inner surface of the overlying (vulcanized) membrane is moulded to afford an array of large, flat square protruding bosses surrounded by channels corresponding exactly to the aforesaid configuration of the upper face of said base of auxiliary punch.
  • the drawback of this punch consists in the precariousness of the anchorage of the elastic membrane, due mainly to the tendency of the fluid under pressure to tear it along the narrow anchorage zones; also, it is of extremely complex construction and cannot be renovated should the membrane be damaged; furthermore, the considerable size of the square alveoli causes a notable deformation of the membrane with consequent unacceptable defects of planarity in the pressed tile.
  • the membranes according to the state of the art particularly in the case of en bloc dies, have a tendency to assume a convex shape during the loading of the clay powder to be pressed, with consequent undesirable alteration in the thickness of the soft layer of mixture.
  • a primary object of the present invention is to find an isostatic die of the aforesaid type that need not be built up of several transverse component parts to enable a membrane to be attached to intermediate supports.
  • Afurther object of the present invention is to eli m-inate the complex machining needed on the surface of the punch to create the interconnecting conduits of the alveoli.
  • a further object of the present invention is to avoid ridging or curling of the membrane during pressing.
  • Afurtherobject of the present invention is to allow the manufacture of items, particularly tiles with more or less deep veinings, or cavities, on one face without occasioning, on the opposite face, undesirable differences of lustre due to differences of compactness: this, to reduce the use of material necessary for the manufacture of the item, thereby reducing weight and cutting the costs of manufacture and transport.
  • a further object of the present invention is to find an isostatic die in which the membrane retains its flat shape before pressing.
  • Afurther object of the present invention is to control the thickness of the soft layer of powders to be pressed, so as to obtain uniform thickness and density in the body of the pressed tile.
  • the invention resolves said technical problems by adopting an isostatic die, particularly for ceramic tiles, divided into two semi-dies (punch and matrix), at least one semi-die having at least one cavity containing a substantially incompressible fluid, the side of the cavity facing the mixture to be pressed being closed by an elastic element, said elastic element comprising a central zone and a peripheral zone, characterized in that at least the central zone of said elastic element is connected to controlling devices for controlling the deformation of the elastic element during pressing housed inside said at least one cavity and that the elastic element is coupled to said deformation-controlling devices on at least two non-parallel planes.
  • the elastic element consists of an elastic membrane.
  • said deformation-controlling devices consist of a moulding plate anchored to said elastic element.
  • the moulding plate is continuous and fixed to said elastic element in such a way that the whole surface of said plate facing the powders to be pressed is anchored to said elastic element.
  • the moulding plate presents a plurality of through-apertures, in such a way that said elastic element is anchored to said plate at least in the zones defining the border of said apertures on the side of the plate facing away from the powders to be pressed.
  • the moulding plate has the additional function of allowing the distribution of the incompressible fluid in the cavity of the relative semi-die.
  • the moulding plate can be eliminated, for example, by a chemical process, whereby a substance that will corrode said plate, but not the membrane, is introduced into the cavity, or by a physical process, whereby, for example, the semi-die is heated to a temperature at which the plate melts, while the membrane remains firmly attached to the cavity.
  • the surface of the plate facing the bottom of the cavity is treated with an adhesive, while the opposite surface is treated with a non-stick agent to prevent the membrane from adhering to it.
  • said elastic element is anchored to said plate over its entire surface on the opposite side to that facing the powders to be pressed.
  • elastic elements can be placed between the bottom of the cavity and said plate.
  • said deformation-controlling devices consist of appendages protruding from the face of said elastic element facing the cavity and anchored in a plurality of non-communicating grooves in the bottom of the cavity itself; said grooves being advantageously spread with adhesive to ensure that the membrane adheres to them during the moulding process.
  • the distribution of said grooves can be based on an labyrinth pattern so designed as to determine areas of membrane anchorage delimiting a formation of communicating chambers in the cavity of the semi-die, destined to receive the incompressible fluid.
  • the holes for the introduction and discharge of the incompressible fluid protrude from the bottom of the cavity through a spot-facing that can be blocked with a plug during the moulding of the elastic membrane, the plug remaining partially incorporated in the membrane itself.
  • those areas of the bottom of the cavity of the semi-die where the membrane should not adhere can be sheathed in plastic, or paper, with holes punched where said apertures occur.
  • said appendages consist of caps, or hollow elements with the concavity facing the surface of the bottom of the cavity of said at least one semi-die, the back of said hollow elements being anchored to said elastic element.
  • the cavity communicates with a device regulating the volume of fluid in the cavity of the said at least one semi-die, said controlling device serving to alter the deformation of said elastic element during pressing.
  • Said device being such as to enable the ratio between the thickness of the unpressed powders and that of the powders after pressing to remain virtually constant throughout the pressed clay body.
  • the invention also adopts a method for the forming of ceramic items, particularly tiles, by means of an isostatic press comprising an elastic membrane delimiting a plurality of chambers containing an incompressible fluid, the chambers corresponding to cavities to be formed on the back of the tile, characterized in that the chambers are filled with a variable volume of incompressible fluid:
  • the ratio between the initial maximum and minimum thicknesses of the layer of powders and the ratio between the maximum and minimum thicknesses of said layer remains substantially constant during the pressing cycle and corresponds to that which is to be achieved in the formed tile.
  • the advantages offered by this invention are: lower manufacturing costs; lower running costs; possibility of renovating the die; improved functionality; possibility of adopting various, not only square, designs; maximum stability in the areas of adhesion; possibility of transforming traditional punches, even if en bloc, into punches according to the invention by the simple application of a distributing plate to, or above, the active surface of the punch itself; possibility of more efficient moulding of the membrane; greater protection of the membrane, particular where caps are adopted to isolate the membrane from the oil; possibility of greater control over the flexing of the membrane, reduction in surface defects; ease of removal of pressed items, facilitated particularly with the adoption of the device regulating the volume of fluid and of the forming method associated thereto.
  • the Figures show: 1, a plate, for example, having a thickness ranging from a few tenths of a millimeter to a few millimeters, depending also on the dimensions of the tiles, glued or however coupled to the active face of punch P, corresponding to the back of the tile, having through-apertures with tapered raised edges 2 - for example, of the order of a millimeter, or part thereof - for example, advantageously in the shape of a rounded slot.
  • the apertures are suitably spaced to anchor the elastic material of the membrane and have lengths, by way of example, of a few centimeters and widths of a few millimeters; the said apertures being distributed in relief inside a tray V having interconnecting chambers distributed around the said raised edges.
  • the set of edges 2 of the said apertures lying preferably on a plane parallel to that of the said plate constituting the base of the said tray.
  • a number of risers 3, or keys, can be fixed to the said active face of the punch, each riser being inserted in a said slot and with its extremities coupled to those of the slot itself, whereas the sides of the risers remain clear of the corresponding edges of the said slots with a clearance 4 of at least a few tenths of a millimeter, sufficient to permit the passage of the filling material - for example, vulcanized rubber - that is to constitute the elastic element, or elastic membrane 5, the membrane adapting itself to the disuniformity of the mass of mixture placed in the mould of the die to obtain a uniform compression in the mass itself, in its every point during pressing.
  • the filling material for example, vulcanized rubber - that is to constitute the elastic element, or elastic membrane 5
  • Elastic membrane 5 also having indentations 6, 6a formed during moulding by corresponding bosses 7 on moulding matrix 8 of membrane 5 ( Figure 3).
  • Membrane 5 also having an indented peripheral border 9 whose base is coplanar with those of indentations 6 that, during pressing, form the so called “feet” or support ribs on the back of the tile, or their complements.
  • holes 10 for the introduction of liquid 11, for example oi in tray V, after the membrane has been moulded, after the possible chemical disintegration and/or physical elimination of the material of the plate, for example, by making use of the same hole; hole 10 being closeable with plug 12 to prevent it from becoming filled with the material the membrane is made of when it is poured or else when it is being moulded.
  • the plug itself - for example, cylindrical - penetrates in a corresponding hole in plate 1, when still in situ, and, together with one or more other analogous plugs, act as a reference pin for the plate.
  • Figure 4 shows: 14, the tile being formed; 8, the buffer plate constituting the base of the matrix of the die, whose external face corresponds to the flat top face of the ti le; 15, one of the walls of a mould or cavity of the die; 16, 17 ( Figures 5 and 6) elastic membranes having a different design to that of membrane 5 of the first Figures; 16a, 17a, indentations in the external face of elastic membrane 16 and 17: respectively with apertures 16b of tray V in relation to indentations 16a; 18, ( Figures 8 and 9) a flat plate positioned above, distanced from, active surface 19 of punch P, which can be seen through apertures 20: said plate being treated with non-stick agent; 21, a gasket for liquids in a seat obtained in the body of the punch P; 22, the base of punch P; 23, an externally conical bush inserted in hole 24 of punch P during assembly to fit tightly, with a wet seal, the lower inlet of hole 25 obtained in the lower part of tubular appendage 26 made of the same material as the
  • the moulding of the elastic membrane is as follows: tray V, having been obtained by blanking and drawing or by pressing, or even simply by blanking in the case of the flat plate 18, its surface facing the membrane having been treated with a non-stick agent, is placed on the upper surface of punch P, positioning it by means of suitable pins 12 (not shown in Figure 9), subsequently also acting as plugs, otherwise glueing it on or keeping it raised to permit the penetration beneath it of the elastic material during moulding that also has to be present in punch P; having inserted, where necessary, keys 3, covered in adhesive material, as with the other surfaces that can come into contact with the material as it is poured through the apertures, the elastic material making up membrane 5, or membranes 16, 17 is then poured, either cold or heated: this, in such a way so that the said material inf It rates through the clearances 4 to fi II even the interstices existing between the external surface of the punch and the external surface of the tray and remaining stuck to it; the surface of the elastic membrane that moulds the back of the tile during pressing being shaped, with in situ
  • the elastic membrane can be stiffened transversely by means of, advantageously, inextensible fibres inserted in it, during vulcanization: this prevents marked undulation, whilst conserving longitudinal elasticity.
  • feet or ribs on the back of the tile can be of any other convenient form, for example, even of the type having cells in the form of a honeycomb.
  • the punch can perform the function of the baffle plate and vice-versa.
  • the Figures also show: 101, the top face of punch P having anchorage grooves 102, even having sides diverging downwards thereby creating undercut, covered with adhesive substance, and peripheral frame 103 with internal face similarly treated: grooves 102 being fitted by appendages 103a of the elastic membrane; 104, grooves on the external surface of elastic membrane 5 vulcanized in situ, reproducing in relief the design of the back of the tile to be formed; 106, a metallic tablet, partially incorporated, for vulcanizing the internal surface of membrane 5 in relation of hole 107 for the supply of liquid 11 to chambers 108, or interconnected cavities (Figure 12), protruding from the said internal surface and fitting, creating a seal against the poured material, in spot facing 109 that is the upper enlargement of the said hole: said tablet advantageously being tapered to be held with undercut in the elastic membrane to enable the instantaneous flow of the liquid as soon at it is opened; 110 ( Figure 14), a sheet of non-stick material; 111 ( Figure 15), a plate, advantageously
  • the plate 111 is of a thickness that ranges, for example, from a few tenths of a millimeter to a few millimeters and is interposed between the bottom surface of a cavity in the body of punch P and the lower, smooth surface of membrane 5 that provides an extensive and continuous vulcanized anchorage surface 112 ( Figure 15) so as to avoid rippling and therefore excessive undulation.
  • plate 111 is able to absorb the loads set up in the membrane caused by disuniform- ities in the density and/or composition of the powders to be pressed; in particular, the plate has to have a modulus of elasticity that enables it to deflect elastically and to compensate for the differences in reaction loads transmitted by the powder to the membrane: compared to the versions with intermediate anchorage elements, the adoption of a continuous floating plate has the advantage of being able to compensate deformation during pressing over much wider areas than those defined by intermediate anchorage elements, which have to be positioned close enough to each other to prevent excessive bulging of the elastic membrane during the pressing cycle.
  • the Figures also show: 114 ( Figure 17), the punch and 115, the matrix of the die; 116, the external peripheral anchorage zone of the membrane; 117 ( Figure 18), the top, flat surface of punch P, having frame 118; 119, the lowered plane of an alveolus with underlying tapered cavity 121 with liquid inlet hole 121; 122, a hollow cap joining with rim 123 of the alveolus; 124, grooves that surround the raised sections 125 of the membrane 126 that shape the back of the tile during pressing; 129 (on the left of Figure 19) the supporting surface of the bottom face of the elastic pre-pressed plate cap 128; 129, the top face of the elastic pre-pressed hollow cap, having peripheral rim 130; 131, ( Figure 23) longitudinal oil, or liquid in general, inlet channels, communicating with transverse channels 132; 133, the intermediate anchorage zones of membrane 126, achieved with the application of a suitable substance; 134 peripheral anchorage zones; 8, the moulding matrix of the elastic membrane 126.
  • edges of the elastic plate 128 and the external face of rim 130 of the hollow cap can be anchored to rim 123 of the corresponding alveolus: in the first case the liquid being prevented from coming into contact with the anchoring zones 133 and 134.
  • the cap is not anchored along the rim, it becomes easier for the membrane 126 to move as the cap is floating.
  • each cap 129, 130 The join with the top face of each cap 129, 130 is obtained during vulcanization phase of the membrane 126.
  • the Figures also show: 201, the punch which is made to enter into matrix 202 to compress the mixture 204, wet or even dry, against the baffle plate 203; 5, an elastic membrane, or elastic element, to contain the body of liquid 11 interposed so as to fill interconnecting cavities between the membrane itself and the top face of baffle plate 203; 207, support ribbing on the back of the tile in relation to the corresponding protuberances 208 of the internal surface of the membrane 5.
  • the protuberances are anchored by vulcanization, and/or glueing, in the hollows 209 of the top face of baffle plate 203; 210, an inlet and outlet channel for the fluid communicating with above mentioned cavities, originating from tube 211 connected to chamber 212 of the cylinder 213, for example, double acting.
  • a piston, 214, of cylinder 213 is activated by pressurized inert gas in tank 215 that constitutes- the liquid volume regulator, the tank being connected to the other chamber 216 by means of tube 217.
  • Each chamber 212, 216 advantageously for shock absorption, being filled with liquid; 218, 219, 220, 221 respectively, the two opposing end covers of the cylinder and corresponding stroke limiting elements for piston 214, in other words calibration devices in function of the volume of liquid to expel and to re-absorb; 222, a throttling and closing control mechanism, for example, a solenoid valve, inserted in tube 211; 223 ( Figure 25) the formed tile.
  • Figure 26 shows: 224, a cylinder, whose piston 225, as with 213 but single acting, separates liquid chamber 226 from chamber 227 having return spring 228; 229, the punch having channel 230 for the introduction of the liquid in interconnected cavities 231, enclosed between punch 229 and membrane 5; 232, the earth or powder, dry or wet, with which the tile is formed; 233 a projection of the powder 232 above the closing line of the matrix, that is created at the beginning of the pressing due to the entry of protuberances of membrane 5 into the body of powder 232; 234, the punch.
  • Figures 24 and 25 show respectively: A, B the starting thicknesses, maximum and minimum, of the body of powder to be pressed and A', B' the final thicknesses.
  • the volume regulating device can, however be of a different type to those indicated and in whichever way adjustable.
  • Die 301 is of a type including a punch 203 in which there is at least one cavity, or recess, 303 in which a deformable membrane 5 in elastic material, for example rubber, is anchored, for example, by vulcanization, or glueing, which is anchored on a plate 11 of a stiffer material than that forming membrane 5, for example a metal.
  • Membrane 5 is, as a rule, vulcanized on plate 111 and has a peripheral lip 306 so shaped to be inserted in a corresponding seat 307 of the recess.
  • an elastic means is interposed acting also as a peripheral seal 308, anular and deformable, which ensures sealing whilst permitting relative perimetric displacement between plate and imprint.
  • Punch 203 has holes 309 to introduce fluid in chamber "C" which is defined by the base of the punch, plate and perimetric elastic medium prior to the introduction of the fluid due to the plate 111 resting on elastic medium 308.
  • the top end of threaded holes 312 can open out into cylindrical seats 314 in which can be placed corresponding elastically deformable spacer elements 311: advantageously, the screws have support caps 315 at their top end: said screws have the further function of adjusting the preloading of spacer elements 311 so as to vary the trim of the membrane during the loading of the powders.
  • the plate 316 has a greater thickness and the membrane is in contact only with its rear surface: the punch 318 has a peripheral step with sharp corner in relation to which a first perimetric elastic element 308a and a second perimetric elastic element 308b are assembled: between step 319 and the corresponding seat 320 of plate 316 a seal 321 is assembled made of a material such as rubber.
  • 322 indicates a moulding matrix for the membrane that has protuberances 323 distributed that create in membrane 5 indentations 323 which will create the so-called “feet” or support ribs on the back of the tile.
  • plate 111 is kept in the correct position with the insertion through punch 203 of pins 325, that is a pair adjusting-screw dowels 313a.
  • Q indicates the material to be pressed and L the matrix of the die.
  • Figures 29 and 32 show how the screws 313 enable the positioning of the various areas of the plate at the desired elevations, functioning as reference elements for the plate during the moulding phase.
  • Figure 33 shows a further possible use for the invention as described: it shows how punch 203 can be used as an upper pressure-equalizing punch and made to interact with another beneath whose sole function is a controlling one; adjusting screws 313 adjusts the trim of the plate, enabling thicknesses S1 and S2 of the material to be pressed to be predetermined.
  • Figures 38, 39 show a further structural variation of the die object of the present invention, in which plate 111 is divided in two parts, one a floating, stiffening element for membrane 5, the other fixed to the base of the cavity, for example, by means of screws 363, in such a way that its outer edge extends inside the seat in the base of the cavity for the lip 306 of the elastic membrane 5, so as to create an undercut seal to prevent the fluid from leaking: in a particular case not shown the lip can cover entirely the underside of the plate 111, as in the case of Figure 9, acting as a sealing a support element for the plate with a function analogous to that of layer 28.
  • elastic elements 360 are inserted between the floating, stiffening part 362 of membrane 5 and the sides of the seat of lip 306: these elastic elements have the function of lifting membrane 5 after pressing and of centering stiffening plate 362 in relation to the cavity of the corresponding semi-die.
  • Intermediate layer 364 of membrane 5 is anchored to stiffening plate 362 and distanced from underlying moulding plate 111, so as to include a truncated cone stopper 365 in relation to each fluid inlet hole 309.
  • Figures 40, 41 show a version of die in which the plate 111 is made adherent on both its sides to membrane 5, as in the version of Figure 9: with respect to this version, however, lower layer 367 of the said membrane has rim 366 inserted in a groove in the base of the cavity of the corresponding semi-die, the height of rim 366 being such as to define chamber C for the fluid.
  • Layer 367 and the corresponding rim 366 can be pre-formed as in caps 129, 130 of Figure 19, or even integral 368, 369 with membrane 5 as shown in Figure 41, in which case there also being elastic elements 360 for the formation of chamber C.
  • the invention as described fulfills its objects, in particular in the way in which chamber C between plate 111 and imprint 303 remains defined without the intervention of thrust of the pressurized fluid that is introduced, due to the prior lifting of the plate itself which, on completion of the vulcanization phase, is supported on perimetric elastic elements 308, or on spacer elements 11; furthermore, it can assume a non planar configuration, but predetermined as required, in readiness for the loading of the material to be pressed.
  • perimetric elastic medium 308 being toroidal in form, is substituted with elastic medium 350 having a trapezoidal section, and cooperates with lip 306 of membrane 5: this providing increased safety against leakage of the liquid.
  • the peripheral coupling joint 351 between membrane 5 and plate 111 consists of a plurality of annular extensions 352, for example, a pair of extensions, defining, between them, a groove 353 in which the moulding membrane is anchored: the said annular extensions can be of different thicknesses, one with respect to the other, and can, furthermore, penetrate into lip 306 of membrane 5 to differing depths; furthermore, they can be parallel to each other or inclined with respect to one another.
  • Figure 37 shows how the lip 306 can have a pair of opposing appendages 354, one penetrating plate 111, the other penetrating the body of punch 203: this to further improve sealing against leakages of the fluid.
  • the lower portion of the moulding plate is limited to a peripheral frame 372 extending towards the seat of lip 306 so as to divide it into two limbs during moulding, in a way analogous to that of Figure 35.
  • Each limb of lip 306 can have an annular sealing appendage 371 inserted in corresponding grooves respectively in the body of matrix 203 and in floating plate 111.
  • Frame 372 can be fixed to the base of the cavity by means of screws 363, or simply placed on it, in both cases the said frame being treated with a non-stick agent so as not to adhere to the material making up membrane 5 during moulding: this contributes to improving the coupling of the membrane to the semi-die.
  • elastic elements 308, 350 have the double function of lifting the plate and of sealing against fluid leakage from chamber C, whereas elastic elements 311, 360 do not have a sealing function, being therefore isolated, that is, peripherally interrupted to allow the passage of fluid into the cavity.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
EP94200624A 1993-03-17 1994-03-11 Méthode et matrice de pressage isostatique, en particulier pour la fabrication de carreaux en céramique Expired - Lifetime EP0620089B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96201446A EP0736363B1 (fr) 1993-03-17 1994-03-11 Matrice, en particulier pour le pressage de carreaux en céramique
EP96200762A EP0720896B1 (fr) 1993-03-17 1994-03-11 Matrice de pressage isostatique

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMO930028A IT1262594B (it) 1993-03-17 1993-03-17 Stampo atto a rendere uniforme la pressatura nelle piastrelle ceramiche.
ITMO930028 1993-03-17
ITMO930068 1993-05-21
IT000068 IT1262621B (it) 1993-05-21 1993-05-21 Perfezionamenti negli stampi per la pressatura uniforme delle piastrelle ceramiche.
ITMO930123 1993-09-29
ITMO930123A IT1262666B (it) 1993-09-29 1993-09-29 Stampo per la pressatura isostatica, particolarmente di piastrelle ceramiche a nervature profonde.
ITMO930159A IT1262688B (it) 1993-12-15 1993-12-15 Stampo perfezionato per la pressatura uniforme di piastrelle ceramiche
ITMO930159 1993-12-15

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96200762.1 Division-Into 1994-03-11
EP96201446.0 Division-Into 1994-03-11

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EP0620089A2 true EP0620089A2 (fr) 1994-10-19
EP0620089A3 EP0620089A3 (fr) 1995-03-15
EP0620089B1 EP0620089B1 (fr) 1996-12-11

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EP96201446A Expired - Lifetime EP0736363B1 (fr) 1993-03-17 1994-03-11 Matrice, en particulier pour le pressage de carreaux en céramique
EP96200762A Revoked EP0720896B1 (fr) 1993-03-17 1994-03-11 Matrice de pressage isostatique
EP94200624A Expired - Lifetime EP0620089B1 (fr) 1993-03-17 1994-03-11 Méthode et matrice de pressage isostatique, en particulier pour la fabrication de carreaux en céramique

Family Applications Before (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96201446A Expired - Lifetime EP0736363B1 (fr) 1993-03-17 1994-03-11 Matrice, en particulier pour le pressage de carreaux en céramique
EP96200762A Revoked EP0720896B1 (fr) 1993-03-17 1994-03-11 Matrice de pressage isostatique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (3) EP0736363B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE146115T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69401084T2 (fr)
ES (3) ES2111409T3 (fr)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0701889A2 (fr) * 1994-09-13 1996-03-20 Maris Algeri Matrice pour le pressage isostatique de carreaux en céramique et procédé de fabrication des carreaux
EP0759346A1 (fr) * 1995-08-18 1997-02-26 Carlo Antonio Camorani Matrice pour le pressage isostatique et procédé pour sa fabrication
EP0780202A3 (fr) * 1995-12-18 1997-07-02 F.D.S. S.r.l. Demi matrice améliorée pour le pressage de carreaux en céramique
DE19629413A1 (de) * 1996-07-22 1998-01-29 Erlus Baustoffwerke Keramischer Falzdachziegel
DE19731146C1 (de) * 1997-07-21 1999-02-25 Dietrich Engmann Isostatischer Preßstempel zum Herstellen keramischer Fliesenrohlinge und Presse mit diesem Preßstempel
EP1704975A2 (fr) * 2005-03-25 2006-09-27 C.B.M. - S.r.l. Poinçon de presse pour formage dûne surface de pièces en céramique
EP1958745A2 (fr) * 2007-02-16 2008-08-20 MARTINELLI ETTORE S.r.l. Matrice isostatique pour le pressage de carreaux et procédé de fabrication correspondant
WO2009101500A1 (fr) * 2008-02-15 2009-08-20 Sacmi Cooperativa Meccanici Imola Societa' Cooperativa Appareil et procédé de compression
ITRE20090112A1 (it) * 2009-11-18 2011-05-19 Ferrari Carlo Societa Per Azioni Off Punzone isostatico per piastrelle
ITRM20100294A1 (it) * 2010-05-31 2011-12-01 Mass Spa "metodo e stampo per la formatura di manufatti ad uso civile ed ornamentale"
ITMO20100183A1 (it) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-19 Trebax S R L Stampo per fabbricare manufatti ceramici.
ITMO20110174A1 (it) * 2011-07-18 2013-01-19 Gape Due S P A Stampo isostatico, particolarmente per piastrelle ceramiche
ITMI20111917A1 (it) * 2011-10-24 2013-04-25 Martinelli Ettore Srl Tampone adattativo per la pressatura di prodotti ceramici, quali piastrelle e simili
ITPD20120277A1 (it) * 2012-09-20 2014-03-21 Mass Spa Stampo per piastrelle
ITMI20131699A1 (it) * 2013-10-15 2015-04-16 Martinelli Ettore Srl Tampone isostatico di pressatura per la produzione di piastrelle e simili e metodo di realizzazione
CN107139315A (zh) * 2017-01-23 2017-09-08 佛山市新鹏工业服务有限公司 瓷砖成型液压模具
IT201600079937A1 (it) * 2016-07-29 2018-01-29 I Dea Re S R L Tampone per la formatura di piastrelle
IT201700036509A1 (it) * 2017-04-03 2018-10-03 I Dea Re S R L Tampone isostatico per la formatura di piastrelle
IT202100014210A1 (it) * 2021-05-31 2022-12-01 Annovi S R L Tampone isostatico per la pressatura di polveri ceramiche

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2236862T5 (es) * 1998-12-09 2010-03-05 System S.P.A. Estructura para prensas, en particular para moldear productos ceramicos.
ES2181514B1 (es) * 1999-07-15 2004-06-01 Constantino Parra Rodriguez Dispositivo para regular la compactacion en punzones para prensas.
ITBO20050268A1 (it) * 2005-04-21 2006-10-22 Trebax Srl Stampo per la fabbricazione di piastrelle ceramiche
ES2745575A1 (es) * 2018-08-30 2020-03-02 Asitec Ceram S L Punzon isostatico
IT201900002749A1 (it) * 2019-02-26 2020-08-26 Officina Ferrari Carlo Spa Tampone per la pressatura di polveri

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1160590A (en) * 1967-03-20 1969-08-06 Yuken Kogyo Co Ltd An improved method and apparatus for the manufacture of Dish-Shaped Ceramic Articles
US4370120A (en) * 1978-11-28 1983-01-25 Foster Robert D Compacting press with expandable body
US4937025A (en) * 1987-09-30 1990-06-26 Hydra Corporation Molding apparatus and method
EP0400704A2 (fr) * 1989-05-30 1990-12-05 MASS S.p.A. Méthode pour la fabrication de carreaux en céramique compactés de façon uniforme, et moyens pour sa mise en oeuvre
EP0556163A1 (fr) * 1992-02-12 1993-08-18 SICHENIA GRUPPO CERAMICHE S.p.A. Matrice pour tuiles céramiques
EP0570038A1 (fr) * 1992-05-15 1993-11-18 MASS S.p.A. Matrice pour la face arrière d'un élément en céramique

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1160590A (en) * 1967-03-20 1969-08-06 Yuken Kogyo Co Ltd An improved method and apparatus for the manufacture of Dish-Shaped Ceramic Articles
US4370120A (en) * 1978-11-28 1983-01-25 Foster Robert D Compacting press with expandable body
US4937025A (en) * 1987-09-30 1990-06-26 Hydra Corporation Molding apparatus and method
EP0400704A2 (fr) * 1989-05-30 1990-12-05 MASS S.p.A. Méthode pour la fabrication de carreaux en céramique compactés de façon uniforme, et moyens pour sa mise en oeuvre
EP0556163A1 (fr) * 1992-02-12 1993-08-18 SICHENIA GRUPPO CERAMICHE S.p.A. Matrice pour tuiles céramiques
EP0570038A1 (fr) * 1992-05-15 1993-11-18 MASS S.p.A. Matrice pour la face arrière d'un élément en céramique

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0701889A2 (fr) * 1994-09-13 1996-03-20 Maris Algeri Matrice pour le pressage isostatique de carreaux en céramique et procédé de fabrication des carreaux
EP0701889A3 (fr) * 1994-09-13 1996-07-10 Maris Algeri Matrice pour le pressage isostatique de carreaux en céramique et procédé de fabrication des carreaux
EP0759346A1 (fr) * 1995-08-18 1997-02-26 Carlo Antonio Camorani Matrice pour le pressage isostatique et procédé pour sa fabrication
EP0780202A3 (fr) * 1995-12-18 1997-07-02 F.D.S. S.r.l. Demi matrice améliorée pour le pressage de carreaux en céramique
DE19629413A1 (de) * 1996-07-22 1998-01-29 Erlus Baustoffwerke Keramischer Falzdachziegel
DE19731146C1 (de) * 1997-07-21 1999-02-25 Dietrich Engmann Isostatischer Preßstempel zum Herstellen keramischer Fliesenrohlinge und Presse mit diesem Preßstempel
EP1704975A2 (fr) * 2005-03-25 2006-09-27 C.B.M. - S.r.l. Poinçon de presse pour formage dûne surface de pièces en céramique
EP1704975A3 (fr) * 2005-03-25 2007-07-04 C.B.M. - S.r.l. Poinçon de presse pour formage dûne surface de pièces en céramique
EP1958745A2 (fr) * 2007-02-16 2008-08-20 MARTINELLI ETTORE S.r.l. Matrice isostatique pour le pressage de carreaux et procédé de fabrication correspondant
EP1958745A3 (fr) * 2007-02-16 2010-12-01 MARTINELLI ETTORE S.r.l. Matrice isostatique pour le pressage de carreaux et procédé de fabrication correspondant
WO2009101500A1 (fr) * 2008-02-15 2009-08-20 Sacmi Cooperativa Meccanici Imola Societa' Cooperativa Appareil et procédé de compression
ITRE20090112A1 (it) * 2009-11-18 2011-05-19 Ferrari Carlo Societa Per Azioni Off Punzone isostatico per piastrelle
ITRM20100294A1 (it) * 2010-05-31 2011-12-01 Mass Spa "metodo e stampo per la formatura di manufatti ad uso civile ed ornamentale"
ITMO20100183A1 (it) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-19 Trebax S R L Stampo per fabbricare manufatti ceramici.
EP2397292A1 (fr) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-21 Trebax S.R.L. Moule pour la production de produits céramiques
US8647107B2 (en) 2010-06-18 2014-02-11 Trebax S.R.L. Die for manufacturing ceramic products
EP2548707A1 (fr) * 2011-07-18 2013-01-23 Gape Due S.P.A. Moulage isostatique, destiné en particulier à des carreaux de céramique
ITMO20110174A1 (it) * 2011-07-18 2013-01-19 Gape Due S P A Stampo isostatico, particolarmente per piastrelle ceramiche
ITMI20111917A1 (it) * 2011-10-24 2013-04-25 Martinelli Ettore Srl Tampone adattativo per la pressatura di prodotti ceramici, quali piastrelle e simili
EP2586580A1 (fr) 2011-10-24 2013-05-01 MARTINELLI ETTORE S.r.l. Poinçon adaptable pour pressage de produits en céramique tels que des tuiles et produits similaires
ITPD20120277A1 (it) * 2012-09-20 2014-03-21 Mass Spa Stampo per piastrelle
ITMI20131699A1 (it) * 2013-10-15 2015-04-16 Martinelli Ettore Srl Tampone isostatico di pressatura per la produzione di piastrelle e simili e metodo di realizzazione
IT201600079937A1 (it) * 2016-07-29 2018-01-29 I Dea Re S R L Tampone per la formatura di piastrelle
CN107139315A (zh) * 2017-01-23 2017-09-08 佛山市新鹏工业服务有限公司 瓷砖成型液压模具
IT201700036509A1 (it) * 2017-04-03 2018-10-03 I Dea Re S R L Tampone isostatico per la formatura di piastrelle
IT202100014210A1 (it) * 2021-05-31 2022-12-01 Annovi S R L Tampone isostatico per la pressatura di polveri ceramiche

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0736363A2 (fr) 1996-10-09
EP0736363B1 (fr) 1997-12-03
EP0720896B1 (fr) 1997-12-03
DE69401084D1 (de) 1997-01-23
ATE146115T1 (de) 1996-12-15
DE69401084T2 (de) 1997-07-10
EP0620089A3 (fr) 1995-03-15
EP0736363A3 (fr) 1997-02-05
ES2097607T3 (es) 1997-04-01
ES2111409T3 (es) 1998-03-01
EP0720896A1 (fr) 1996-07-10
EP0620089B1 (fr) 1996-12-11
ES2112073T3 (es) 1998-03-16

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