EP0604694A1 - Elektronische Einrichtung für aufeinanderfolgende Detonationen - Google Patents
Elektronische Einrichtung für aufeinanderfolgende Detonationen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0604694A1 EP0604694A1 EP92500173A EP92500173A EP0604694A1 EP 0604694 A1 EP0604694 A1 EP 0604694A1 EP 92500173 A EP92500173 A EP 92500173A EP 92500173 A EP92500173 A EP 92500173A EP 0604694 A1 EP0604694 A1 EP 0604694A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- detonator
- circuit
- detonators
- central unit
- emitter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
- F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition
- F42D1/05—Electric circuits for blasting
- F42D1/055—Electric circuits for blasting specially adapted for firing multiple charges with a time delay
Definitions
- the invention consists of an electronic exploder-detonator system, which is sequential and multiprogrammable, designed to time a blasting in such a way that its sequentiality enables different times to be achieved in the same circuit, as well as being applicable to sequent circuits in a reiterative way.
- the exploder itself shall command the explosion sequence of several electronically delayed detonators, connected in parallel by a two- wire line; a distinctive feature being that the whole process up to the final detonation is to be performed by stages including specific actions such as safety codes and control of each stage.
- the detonator shall be provided with means of protection against any unwanted electrical phenomenon.
- Another remarkable feature is that both the exploder and the detonator are provided with a two-address communication system, enabling to know the proper performance of each specific detonator as well as its connection in blasting.
- response time can be programmed in some electronic detonators currently known, which enables blasting conditions to be better adjusted to the features of the rock and geometric structure to be blasted.
- electronic detonators studied and analyzed lack a two-address communication between exploder and detonator which ensures the proper connection to the line and the correct performance of the detonator. In the detonators which do provide it, this two-address communication is very complex.
- coyote-hole blasting One of the most common types of blasting is the so-called coyote-hole blasting. It requires detonators to be placed in special arrangements, known as burn cut, reverse burn cut, etc. Various cartridges with detonators with different response times have to be primed. This is not possible with electronic detonators, where just a single time can be programmed for the whole line or circuit.
- the system herein referred to solves the above problem by providing a sequentiality to the blasting; that is, the blasting can be repeated in different loops or connection lines so that each loop programming is reiteratively repeated.
- this system is designed with a two-wire two-address communication and with blasting and sequentiality features enabling different times to be programmed in the same blasting, as well as the same or other programming to be sequentially repeated on other blasting circuits which are connected to the same exploder.
- the exploder itself, it has been designed to include the required components for power supply and switching, as well as an intelligent circuit based on a microprocessor, which by means of a specific software developed for this system, enables communication with the detonators, as well as its control and the basic operations of detonation and abortion. Communication is carried out by means of a keyboard, the instructions being displayed on an alphanumerical screen.
- the communications system is supported by a 300 baud FSK frequency modulation system.
- the FSK system has been chosen for the safety of the data which can be transmitted, since there are only two communication wires and the system should be able to work in difficult environments, from the communications point of view.
- a CRC is also included, that is, a logical character which is added to the instructions to check that commands are properly received and transmitted.
- the system performs individual communications, detonator by detonator, general instructions being simultaneously generated.
- the electronic detonator is made on a hybrid circuit upon which a specific integrated circuit is installed. Intelligence is provided by the latter, which controls as well time and call and response functions, giving fire or abort commands.
- the main function of this specific integrated system is to act as a precision and safety timer. Different delay times can be programmed by a controlling central unit.
- FIGS. 1-10 show how the system is built on a central control unit (1) which forms the exploder, basically made up by a personal computer with its power supply and a number of switches and connectors (2).
- a bifilar line (3) extends, which includes a series of branches (3') in parallel, to which, in turn, a number of detonators (4) are connected in parallel, with each detonator causing an explosive load to set off, by means of the central control unit (1).
- Such central control unit (1) is provided with a keyboard and display of instructions, on an alphanumerical screen, for programming the system.
- the detonator (4) consists of one cell for supply stabilizing and rectifying (5), plus a protection circuit (6) connected to an ASIC circuit (8) through a condenser (7).
- This circuit (8) is connected to a coding circuit (9), a firing circuit (10) and a switching circuit (12), the latter being in turn connected to the condenser (7) and the firing circuit (10), which is also connected to the pyrotechnic match (11), which rules the explosion of the load.
- a code is assigned to the ASIC circuit (8), so that the latter is identified by the said code, enabling each ASIC circuit to be separately monitored from the central unit (1) by programming the circuit.
- the detonator (4) and the central unit (1) have a two-address communication, so that the proper performance of each detonator (4) can be checked, as well as their programming.
- the said ASIC circuit (8) is provided with one data receiver (12) and one emitter (13), the block diagrams of which are shown in figures 4 and 5.
- the system operation is as follows: The first operation is feeding the circuit. This is done by means of one battery which is controlled by a mechanical key. The central unit (1) then requires the access code or PASSWORD to be entered. Once the correct password has been entered by using the keyboard, the central unit (1) checks the battery status and shows whether it is able to program the subsequent operations.
- the condenser (6) takes over the function of feeding the ASIC circuit (8), at the same time storing power enough as to spark the pyrotechnic match (11), with the circuit (8) acting on the switching circuit (12) whenever the explosion is wanted to take place, according to the time programmed in the central unit (1) and reprogrammed by the central unit in each detonator (4).
- the ASIC circuit is provided with a clock generator (14), the performance of which is based on one RC circuit, its precision being thus limited. Therefore a precision clock signal from the central unit (1) is entered into the generator's (14) input (16). In addition, the former sends a start counter signal (IC) and an end of counter signal (FC). (IC) starts the precision counter (15) and (FC) stops it after a time controlled by the central unit (1), the quartz clock of which is extremely accurate.
- IC start counter signal
- FC end of counter signal
- the ASIC circuit (8) answers through the emitter (13), sending the time it has counted from (IC) up to (FC), so that the central unit (1) can know the clock error generated by the circuit (RC) of each detonator (4) and program a delay time adjusted in order to reach the precision required to carry out the detonation in the required time.
- Time for each detonator (4) is programmed by the time programming command.
- Delay time is a value between 0 and 250 ms.
- the time an ASIC circuit (8) takes to detonate is calculated by multiplying delay time by a multiplication factor which is intrinsic to each detonator (4) and determined by its address. This is the time elapsed from the moment the detonation message is received until actual detonation takes place.
- the data receiver (12) the input area of which (23) is the communication line input, is connected to a message decoder (17), the output of which decodes messages from the central unit (1).
- the product of delay time is calculated by a coding factor decoder (19), whilst delay time is stored in one LATCH (18), which like the decoder (19), is connected to a timer (20), from which real and precise time is obtained for timing the explosion. Therefore, its output area (21) controls the firing circuit (10).
- RL means line revision
- PT means time programming
- DDT means to cause detonation
- ABORT means to abort the whole process to reinitialize it.
- the ASIC circuit is protected by an electronic device which prevents any reset as well as protecting it against any kind of signals which might damage the circuit.
- FSK modulation Communication between the central unit (1) and detonators (4) is performed by FSK modulation, at a 300 baud rate.
- FSK was selected because of the safety of the data which can be transmitted, since only one bifilar line is used (3-3') and the system should be able to operate in environments which are difficult from the point of view of communications.
- a redundancy code that is, a logical character which is added to the instruction in order to check that commands are properly sent and received.
- the receiver (12) at the ASIC circuit (8) receives as input (23') all data being generated by the central unit (1). These data are decoded by the FSK decoder (23), which is connected to a Manchester decoder (24) where the above-quoted code is obtained.
- the redundancy code check is carried out on a redundancy code check circuit (26) which is also connected to the Manchester decoder (24), thus providing the data plus the redundancy code.
- All these circuits (23, 24, 26) are connected to the clock signal (14') provided by the clock generator (14) on the ASIC circuit.
- the redundancy code check circuit (26) generates an output signal (26') showing the said code.
- the receiver is provided with a shift register (25) which is connected to one LATCH (27), which is in turn connected to the redundancy code check circuit (26). Its output is applied to the message decoder (17) and to the delayed time LATCH (18).
- the emitter (13) is also provided with a control circuit (28) onto which signals RL, LF are applied, as well as the input (15') pertaining to the precision counter (15).
- This emitter (13) is provided as well with a logical unit (29) controlling the generation of the redundancy code in order to ensure a correct communication between detonator (4) and central control unit (1).
- This emitter (13) is also provided with one redundancy code generator (30) and one Manchester coder (31) where the said code is coded.
- the emitter (13) is provided with a FSK modulation generator (32), the output of which (22) includes the required data to be sent to the central unit (1).
- a two-address communication is thus achieved, ensuring a higher system safety.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP92500173A EP0604694A1 (de) | 1992-12-31 | 1992-12-31 | Elektronische Einrichtung für aufeinanderfolgende Detonationen |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP92500173A EP0604694A1 (de) | 1992-12-31 | 1992-12-31 | Elektronische Einrichtung für aufeinanderfolgende Detonationen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0604694A1 true EP0604694A1 (de) | 1994-07-06 |
Family
ID=8211835
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP92500173A Withdrawn EP0604694A1 (de) | 1992-12-31 | 1992-12-31 | Elektronische Einrichtung für aufeinanderfolgende Detonationen |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0604694A1 (de) |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1996016311A1 (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1996-05-30 | S.A. Hatorex/Hatorex Ag | Detonator circuit |
WO1997021067A1 (en) * | 1995-12-06 | 1997-06-12 | Orica Trading Pty Ltd | Electronic explosives initiating device |
ES2127143A1 (es) * | 1997-06-20 | 1999-04-01 | Roca Cesar Bardina | Sistema de encendido por control remoto para pirotecnia, voladuras y similares. |
WO2000024999A1 (en) * | 1998-10-27 | 2000-05-04 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Downhole activation system |
US6148263A (en) * | 1998-10-27 | 2000-11-14 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Activation of well tools |
WO2002031431A1 (de) * | 2000-09-30 | 2002-04-18 | Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik | Verfahren zum anschluss von zündern an ein zündsystem |
US6385031B1 (en) | 1998-09-24 | 2002-05-07 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Switches for use in tools |
US6752083B1 (en) | 1998-09-24 | 2004-06-22 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Detonators for use with explosive devices |
US6938689B2 (en) | 1998-10-27 | 2005-09-06 | Schumberger Technology Corp. | Communicating with a tool |
US6945174B2 (en) | 2000-09-30 | 2005-09-20 | Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff-Und Systemtechnik | Method for connecting ignitors in an ignition system |
EP1856475A1 (de) * | 2005-03-09 | 2007-11-21 | Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd | Elektronisches sprengsystem |
US7347278B2 (en) | 1998-10-27 | 2008-03-25 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Secure activation of a downhole device |
US7383882B2 (en) | 1998-10-27 | 2008-06-10 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Interactive and/or secure activation of a tool |
JP2012514181A (ja) * | 2008-12-31 | 2012-06-21 | パシフィック サイエンティフィック エナジェティック マテリアルズ カンパニー | 電子兵器システムでネットワーク化された発火装置のアドレスを定義するための方法及びシステム |
CN103292644A (zh) * | 2012-02-23 | 2013-09-11 | 无锡力芯微电子股份有限公司 | 电子雷管控制设备和电子雷管的通讯电路及电子起爆系统 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4672365A (en) * | 1986-06-06 | 1987-06-09 | Emhart Industries, Inc. | Security system with digital data filtering |
US4674047A (en) * | 1984-01-31 | 1987-06-16 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | Integrated detonator delay circuits and firing console |
EP0434883A1 (de) * | 1989-12-29 | 1991-07-03 | Union Espanola De Explosivos S.A. | Elektronische Einrichtung mit hoher Zuverlässigkeit für aufeinanderfolgende Detonationen |
-
1992
- 1992-12-31 EP EP92500173A patent/EP0604694A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4674047A (en) * | 1984-01-31 | 1987-06-16 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | Integrated detonator delay circuits and firing console |
US4672365A (en) * | 1986-06-06 | 1987-06-09 | Emhart Industries, Inc. | Security system with digital data filtering |
EP0434883A1 (de) * | 1989-12-29 | 1991-07-03 | Union Espanola De Explosivos S.A. | Elektronische Einrichtung mit hoher Zuverlässigkeit für aufeinanderfolgende Detonationen |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 012, no. 044 (E-581)1987 & JP-A-62 194 758 ( MITSUBISHI HEAVY IND LTD ) * |
Cited By (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5894103A (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1999-04-13 | Hatorex Ag | Detonator circuit |
WO1996016311A1 (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1996-05-30 | S.A. Hatorex/Hatorex Ag | Detonator circuit |
WO1997021067A1 (en) * | 1995-12-06 | 1997-06-12 | Orica Trading Pty Ltd | Electronic explosives initiating device |
US6085659A (en) * | 1995-12-06 | 2000-07-11 | Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd | Electronic explosives initiating device |
ES2127143A1 (es) * | 1997-06-20 | 1999-04-01 | Roca Cesar Bardina | Sistema de encendido por control remoto para pirotecnia, voladuras y similares. |
US6385031B1 (en) | 1998-09-24 | 2002-05-07 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Switches for use in tools |
US6752083B1 (en) | 1998-09-24 | 2004-06-22 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Detonators for use with explosive devices |
US6386108B1 (en) | 1998-09-24 | 2002-05-14 | Schlumberger Technology Corp | Initiation of explosive devices |
GB2362902B (en) * | 1998-10-27 | 2003-01-29 | Schlumberger Technology Corp | Downhole activation system |
US9464508B2 (en) | 1998-10-27 | 2016-10-11 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Interactive and/or secure activation of a tool |
GB2362902A (en) * | 1998-10-27 | 2001-12-05 | Schlumberger Technology Corp | Downhole activation system |
US6283227B1 (en) | 1998-10-27 | 2001-09-04 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Downhole activation system that assigns and retrieves identifiers |
US6148263A (en) * | 1998-10-27 | 2000-11-14 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Activation of well tools |
US6604584B2 (en) | 1998-10-27 | 2003-08-12 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Downhole activation system |
WO2000024999A1 (en) * | 1998-10-27 | 2000-05-04 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Downhole activation system |
US6938689B2 (en) | 1998-10-27 | 2005-09-06 | Schumberger Technology Corp. | Communicating with a tool |
US7347278B2 (en) | 1998-10-27 | 2008-03-25 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Secure activation of a downhole device |
US7383882B2 (en) | 1998-10-27 | 2008-06-10 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Interactive and/or secure activation of a tool |
US6945174B2 (en) | 2000-09-30 | 2005-09-20 | Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff-Und Systemtechnik | Method for connecting ignitors in an ignition system |
WO2002031431A1 (de) * | 2000-09-30 | 2002-04-18 | Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik | Verfahren zum anschluss von zündern an ein zündsystem |
EP1856475A1 (de) * | 2005-03-09 | 2007-11-21 | Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd | Elektronisches sprengsystem |
EP1856475A4 (de) * | 2005-03-09 | 2011-05-04 | Orica Explosives Tech Pty Ltd | Elektronisches sprengsystem |
JP2012514181A (ja) * | 2008-12-31 | 2012-06-21 | パシフィック サイエンティフィック エナジェティック マテリアルズ カンパニー | 電子兵器システムでネットワーク化された発火装置のアドレスを定義するための方法及びシステム |
CN103292644A (zh) * | 2012-02-23 | 2013-09-11 | 无锡力芯微电子股份有限公司 | 电子雷管控制设备和电子雷管的通讯电路及电子起爆系统 |
CN103292644B (zh) * | 2012-02-23 | 2015-04-15 | 无锡力芯微电子股份有限公司 | 电子雷管控制设备和电子雷管的通讯电路及电子起爆系统 |
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