EP0434883A1 - Elektronische Einrichtung mit hoher Zuverlässigkeit für aufeinanderfolgende Detonationen - Google Patents

Elektronische Einrichtung mit hoher Zuverlässigkeit für aufeinanderfolgende Detonationen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0434883A1
EP0434883A1 EP89500134A EP89500134A EP0434883A1 EP 0434883 A1 EP0434883 A1 EP 0434883A1 EP 89500134 A EP89500134 A EP 89500134A EP 89500134 A EP89500134 A EP 89500134A EP 0434883 A1 EP0434883 A1 EP 0434883A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
detonator
exploder
detonators
detonation
connection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89500134A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Carlos Fernandez Cabezas
José Ilarraza Moreno
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Union Espanola de Explosivos SA
Original Assignee
Union Espanola de Explosivos SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Union Espanola de Explosivos SA filed Critical Union Espanola de Explosivos SA
Priority to ES89500134T priority Critical patent/ES2027197T1/es
Priority to DE1989500134 priority patent/DE434883T1/de
Priority to EP89500134A priority patent/EP0434883A1/de
Publication of EP0434883A1 publication Critical patent/EP0434883A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
    • F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition
    • F42D1/05—Electric circuits for blasting
    • F42D1/055—Electric circuits for blasting specially adapted for firing multiple charges with a time delay

Definitions

  • the two basic parts of the exploder equipment Fig. 1 are: an analog voltage and current generation and control part, governed by another digital control part, implemented by a microprocessor with built-in memory, which directs the process and services the keyboard and indicators. This second control part also generates the commands which are transmitted, by means of modulation of the line voltage, to the detonators.
  • control data are introduced via a numeric keyboard and specific test keys, arming and detonation, according to the particular information which continuously appears on the alphanumeric display designed for said purpose.
  • the exploder requests the introduction through the numeric keyboard of an access code of several fixed and user-programmable digits, allowing access to the detonation process if said code is correctly introduced.
  • Acceptance of the keys is effected using a filtering procedure which eliminates possible erroneous interpretations of commands.
  • the detonator line test stage is proceeded to.
  • the exploder requests actuation of the test key, from which moment it awaits a response from the line continuity and connection control system, with the aim of maximizing the reliability of detonation of the complete system.
  • Line continuity can be ensured using a loop therewith, connecting it up to a safety voltage and checking the voltage in the return end Fig. 1 (5).
  • This safety voltage is unable to set off the final ignition element, even in the event of all the existing means of protection failing, and is modified only in the final stage of the procedure.
  • the transmitted code is sent encrypted, with added units of information for the reception control, in backup mode and using a PDM transmission, whether carried by FSK modulation or not.
  • this modulation provides good immunity to electrical noise at the same time as, choosing a low duty ratio, giving rise to a minimum energy storage for the maintenance of the supply to the control unit of the detonator.
  • synchronization is effected in each datum sent by incorporating a fixed synchronizing datum in front thereof.
  • the detonator arming stage is proceeded to.
  • the exploder requests the introduction of the basic delay unit via the numeric keyboard, and the depression of the arming key.
  • the basic delay unit is a number between 5 and 99, which will be the period, in milliseconds, of the time adjustment pulses which will be sent by the exploder to the detonators: said time multiplied by the particular number for each detonator (between 0 and 2 n , with n ranging between 4 and 8) will be the definitive delay time thereof.
  • the precision of said time depends on that of the master oscillator (included in the control circuit) existing in the exploder, and not on that of the low precision oscillators of the detonators (included in the control circuit of the latter).
  • a valid delay unit Once a valid delay unit is introduced, its value remains on display and depression of the arming key is enabled. Once the depression of said key is accepted, a long encrypted key code is sent, which, if recognized by the detonators, positions them in temporal adjustment mode of their particular delay time.
  • the exploder transmits 2 n pulses of period equal to that of the basic delay unit in order to effect the stated temporal adjustment.
  • the detonators can execute a momentary disconnection action. If the connection control system gives a negative response, indicating that the key code has not been recognized or that the time units contained abnormal variations, the whole arming procedure is automatically repeated. If this second procedure also gives a negative result, the exploder sends an encrypted and modulated detonator disarming code, reinitializing the procedure at the test stage.
  • connection control system gives a positive response, the change from safety voltage to that of detonation is produced, a signal is activated, and the final stage of disarming or detonation is proceeded to.
  • the exploder requests the actuation of the disarming key or of the detonation key. If the disarming key is depressed, an encrypted and modulated backup code is sent which reinitializes the procedure, the exploder subsequently remaining positioned in the stage previous to the test and the total system in a position to be shut down or reactivated. By contrast, if the detonation key is depressed, an encrypted and modulated backup code is transmitted, initializing the detonator temporization procedure. After a few moments, the exploder reinitializes and remains prepared for a new procedure.
  • the exploder is supplied by a rechargeable battery Fig. 1 (2), provided with a charger Fig. 1 (7) which may be connected to the mains power supply.
  • a charger Fig. 1 (7) which may be connected to the mains power supply.
  • the two different levels of supply voltage already mentioned are obtained from this battery, by means of linear or switched sources of supply Fig. 1 (8) and (9), which converge in a single common output through a gate consisting of power diodes Fig. 1 (10), which always allows the highest available voltage to pass.
  • the supply source of lowest voltage represents the safety level for the detonators and is permanently connected to the output.
  • that of highest voltage which represents the level sufficient for detonation, delivers output under the control of the control unit. Therefore, as long as the order for the detonation voltage supply does not appear, the safety voltage appears in the output, being replaced by that of detonation when the control unit requests it, according to the procedure already described. Both sources allow for the connection of more than 500 detonators.
  • a third linear supply source Fig. 1 (11) provides the voltage necessary for the operation of the control unit.
  • an alarm circuit Fig. 1 (12) supplies an indication to the control unit when the battery voltage falls below a certain minimum level. At that moment the exploder fixes an indication about the situation on the display and inhibits its operation, thus preventing the attempt to effect a detonation manoeuvre without the availability of the necessary energy.
  • a two-position electronic switch Fig. 1 (13) capable of disconnecting the output of the exploder, which at rest remains connected, and connecting it to earth (opposite pole) according to the commands received from the control circuit, with the aim of transmitting near zero signal pulses to the line.
  • the connection to earth during the pulses, rather than simple opening, allows improvement of the quality thereof, avoiding the picking up of electrical noise.
  • This switch is operative whatever the output voltage.
  • Fig. 2 of the unit described it is designed to be adaptable to the control sequence which is described for the exploder, by means of its parallel excitation by a constant voltage source.
  • Its physical implementation is in the form of a hybrid circuit and it is positioned in a housing with similar external appearance to that of conventional detonation elements. It contains two distinct parts: one analog part for line handling and energy control, governed by another digital control part, analyzing and executing the commands received.
  • a rectifier element Fig. 2 (1) is placed after the voltage and signal input from the line-connecting wires, which makes it possible to ignore the necessary polarity of the electronic circuit at the moment of connection of the detonator to the line.
  • a general pass switch Fig. 2 (2) is placed immediately afterwards, which is closed in the rest state and whose actuation, briefly opening the complete circuit, can be effected by the control circuit using the relevant command. In this way the exploder can acknowledge the correct operation of the system, as has been described.
  • Two pass channels are connected immediately after this with the aim of separating the supply from the signals which, in the form of near zero pulses, are superposed on the feed.
  • the feed current circulates through a diode Fig. 2 (3) towards a new fork formed by a stabilizer Fig. 2 (6) in series with a reference diode, in order to obtain a fixed voltage, and a pass gate Fig. 2 (4) towards the accumulator circuit of the detonation energy and of the controller circuit thereof.
  • This second channel is initially closed; this is not the case with the first, which supplies the detonator control circuit, as well as the pulse separator circuit Fig. 2 (5).
  • the supply circuit is provided with an energy backup Fig. 2 (7) in order that this be maintained during the presence of the signal pulses, the abovementioned diode is necessary so that this energy backup does not nullify said pulses.
  • the abovementioned diode is necessary so that this energy backup does not nullify said pulses.
  • the detector circuit Fig. 2 (5) for the signals in the form of near zero pulses in the supply voltage converts these into positive pulses of magnitude equal to the voltage fixed by the rectifier in series previously described, whatever may be the line supply voltage.
  • the second supply channel previously mentioned which initially remained inactive, opens the line supply route towards a new energy backup Fig. 2 (8) as soon as the control circuit gives the relevant command for this.
  • This energy backup is necessary in order to effect detonation by means of setting-off the igniter.
  • the switch is of the no-return type Fig. 2 (9), with the aim of ensuring the complete draining of the energy backup on the igniter.
  • the detonator control circuit can be implemented with a USIC (User Specific Integrated Circuit) circuit, or a microcontroller with built-in memory or an ASIC (Aplication [sic] Specific Integrated circuit) circuit. Said circuit effects the reception of data, analyzing the reception of line synchronizations and continuously verifying the validity of each basic unit of information, as well as of the key code and of the commands received.
  • USIC User Specific Integrated Circuit
  • ASIC Application [sic] Specific Integrated circuit
  • each detonator possesses a unique direction code which identifies it unequivocally from the remainder of the detonators connected in a single blast.
  • the "direction" of the detonator is based on the recognition of a binary code by the microprocessor program. This code can be included in a microprocessor memory location.
  • the exploder emits two types of messages: those that are intended for the totality of the detonators (e.g. "fire") and those that are directed at a specific detonator (e.g. those in search of connected detonators).
  • the guidance factor intervenes essentially at the beginning, when the exploder initiates the "search" for connected detonators in a correct operating state.
  • the exploder shows, in succession, the detonators that it continues to "find” connected to the line. At the end, the number of detonators "found” should coincide with the number of detonators that were manually introduced into the exploder.
  • YY serves to distinguish between two detonators with the same interval number.
  • the detonators addressed by the invention have means of protection against undesired electrical discharges.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
EP89500134A 1989-12-29 1989-12-29 Elektronische Einrichtung mit hoher Zuverlässigkeit für aufeinanderfolgende Detonationen Withdrawn EP0434883A1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES89500134T ES2027197T1 (es) 1989-12-29 1989-12-29 Sistema explosor-detonadores electronicos para detonacion escalonada de alta fiabilidad.
DE1989500134 DE434883T1 (de) 1989-12-29 1989-12-29 Elektronische einrichtung mit hoher zuverlaessigkeit fuer aufeinanderfolgende detonationen.
EP89500134A EP0434883A1 (de) 1989-12-29 1989-12-29 Elektronische Einrichtung mit hoher Zuverlässigkeit für aufeinanderfolgende Detonationen

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89500134A EP0434883A1 (de) 1989-12-29 1989-12-29 Elektronische Einrichtung mit hoher Zuverlässigkeit für aufeinanderfolgende Detonationen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0434883A1 true EP0434883A1 (de) 1991-07-03

Family

ID=8203089

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89500134A Withdrawn EP0434883A1 (de) 1989-12-29 1989-12-29 Elektronische Einrichtung mit hoher Zuverlässigkeit für aufeinanderfolgende Detonationen

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0434883A1 (de)
DE (1) DE434883T1 (de)
ES (1) ES2027197T1 (de)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993018366A1 (en) * 1992-03-04 1993-09-16 Explosive Developments Limited Arrangement for effecting detonation of explosive materials
FR2695719A1 (fr) * 1992-09-17 1994-03-18 Davey Bickford Procédé de commande de détonateurs du type à module d'allumage électronique à retard intégré, ensemble codé de commande de tir et module d'allumage codé pour sa mise en Óoeuvre.
EP0604694A1 (de) * 1992-12-31 1994-07-06 Union Espanola De Explosivos S.A. Elektronische Einrichtung für aufeinanderfolgende Detonationen
WO1996023195A1 (en) * 1995-01-24 1996-08-01 Explosive Developments Limited Explosive firing circuit
WO1997021067A1 (en) * 1995-12-06 1997-06-12 Orica Trading Pty Ltd Electronic explosives initiating device
ES2127143A1 (es) * 1997-06-20 1999-04-01 Roca Cesar Bardina Sistema de encendido por control remoto para pirotecnia, voladuras y similares.
WO2000057125A1 (de) * 1999-03-20 2000-09-28 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik Verfahren zum austausch von daten zwischen einer einrichtung zur programmierung und auslösung elektronischer zünder und den zündern
EP1105693A1 (de) * 1998-08-13 2001-06-13 Expert Explosives (Proprietary) Limited Sprengvorrichtung
WO2002039050A1 (de) * 2000-11-09 2002-05-16 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Limited Sensor zur überwachung elektronischer zündkreise
WO2005005914A1 (en) * 2003-07-15 2005-01-20 Special Devices, Incorporated Detonator utilizing selection of logger mode or blaster mode based on sensed voltages
WO2006092436A1 (fr) * 2005-03-04 2006-09-08 Chemical Holdings International Ltd Dispositif d'interface pour détonateurs
US7577756B2 (en) 2003-07-15 2009-08-18 Special Devices, Inc. Dynamically-and continuously-variable rate, asynchronous data transfer
DE10139810B4 (de) * 2000-11-09 2014-10-16 Orica Explosives Technology Pty. Ltd. Spannungssensor zur Überwachung elektronischer Zündkreise
WO2018033881A1 (en) 2016-08-19 2018-02-22 Pavuluri Bharath Electronic detonator-exploder system
CN114646243A (zh) * 2022-05-07 2022-06-21 浙江航芯科技有限公司 一种提高安全性的数码雷管起爆控制方法及系统

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0113549A1 (de) * 1982-12-10 1984-07-18 Trolex Products Limited Impedanz-Sensor
WO1984004157A1 (en) * 1983-04-11 1984-10-25 Commw Of Australia Programmable electronic delay fuse
EP0160628A2 (de) * 1984-04-05 1985-11-06 Saab Training Systems Ab Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Detektieren und Zünden einer von mehreren pyrotechnischen Ladungen
EP0208480A2 (de) * 1985-06-28 1987-01-14 Moorhouse, David John Zündsystem
US4674047A (en) * 1984-01-31 1987-06-16 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Integrated detonator delay circuits and firing console

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0113549A1 (de) * 1982-12-10 1984-07-18 Trolex Products Limited Impedanz-Sensor
WO1984004157A1 (en) * 1983-04-11 1984-10-25 Commw Of Australia Programmable electronic delay fuse
US4674047A (en) * 1984-01-31 1987-06-16 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Integrated detonator delay circuits and firing console
EP0160628A2 (de) * 1984-04-05 1985-11-06 Saab Training Systems Ab Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Detektieren und Zünden einer von mehreren pyrotechnischen Ladungen
EP0208480A2 (de) * 1985-06-28 1987-01-14 Moorhouse, David John Zündsystem

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993018366A1 (en) * 1992-03-04 1993-09-16 Explosive Developments Limited Arrangement for effecting detonation of explosive materials
FR2695719A1 (fr) * 1992-09-17 1994-03-18 Davey Bickford Procédé de commande de détonateurs du type à module d'allumage électronique à retard intégré, ensemble codé de commande de tir et module d'allumage codé pour sa mise en Óoeuvre.
EP0588685A1 (de) * 1992-09-17 1994-03-23 Bickford, Davey Programmierbare integrierte Schaltung zur Detonationsverzögerung
US5520114A (en) * 1992-09-17 1996-05-28 Davey Bickford Method of controlling detonators fitted with integrated delay electronic ignition modules, encoded firing control and encoded ignition module assembly for implementation purposes
EP0604694A1 (de) * 1992-12-31 1994-07-06 Union Espanola De Explosivos S.A. Elektronische Einrichtung für aufeinanderfolgende Detonationen
WO1996023195A1 (en) * 1995-01-24 1996-08-01 Explosive Developments Limited Explosive firing circuit
WO1997021067A1 (en) * 1995-12-06 1997-06-12 Orica Trading Pty Ltd Electronic explosives initiating device
US6085659A (en) * 1995-12-06 2000-07-11 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Electronic explosives initiating device
CN1074830C (zh) * 1995-12-06 2001-11-14 澳瑞凯炸药技术有限公司 电子炸药起爆装置
ES2127143A1 (es) * 1997-06-20 1999-04-01 Roca Cesar Bardina Sistema de encendido por control remoto para pirotecnia, voladuras y similares.
EP1105693A4 (de) * 1998-08-13 2004-09-08 Orica Explosives Tech Pty Ltd Sprengvorrichtung
EP1105693A1 (de) * 1998-08-13 2001-06-13 Expert Explosives (Proprietary) Limited Sprengvorrichtung
US6644202B1 (en) 1998-08-13 2003-11-11 Expert Explosives (Proprietary) Limited Blasting arrangement
US6637339B1 (en) * 1999-03-20 2003-10-28 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff Und Systemtechnik Method for exchanging data between a device for programming and triggering electronic detonators and said detonators
CN1111720C (zh) * 1999-03-20 2003-06-18 奥瑞卡炸药技术私人有限公司 在电子点火器的编程及触发装置和该点火器之间交换数据的方法
AU773790B2 (en) * 1999-03-20 2004-06-03 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Method for exchanging data between a device for programming and triggering electronic detonators and said detonators
WO2000057125A1 (de) * 1999-03-20 2000-09-28 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik Verfahren zum austausch von daten zwischen einer einrichtung zur programmierung und auslösung elektronischer zünder und den zündern
WO2002039050A1 (de) * 2000-11-09 2002-05-16 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Limited Sensor zur überwachung elektronischer zündkreise
DE10139810B4 (de) * 2000-11-09 2014-10-16 Orica Explosives Technology Pty. Ltd. Spannungssensor zur Überwachung elektronischer Zündkreise
AU2002212331B2 (en) * 2000-11-09 2005-05-12 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Sensor for monitoring electronic detonation circuits
US6941869B2 (en) 2000-11-09 2005-09-13 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Sensor for monitoring electronic detonation circuits
US8176848B2 (en) 2003-07-15 2012-05-15 Austin Star Detonator Company Electronic blasting system having a pre-fire countdown with multiple fire commands
US7577756B2 (en) 2003-07-15 2009-08-18 Special Devices, Inc. Dynamically-and continuously-variable rate, asynchronous data transfer
AU2004256313B2 (en) * 2003-07-15 2009-09-24 Austin Star Detonator Company Detonator utilizing selection of logger mode or blaster mode based on sensed voltages
US7971531B2 (en) 2003-07-15 2011-07-05 Austin Star Detonator Company Method for detecting an unknown or unmarked slave device such as in an electronic blasting system
WO2005005914A1 (en) * 2003-07-15 2005-01-20 Special Devices, Incorporated Detonator utilizing selection of logger mode or blaster mode based on sensed voltages
FR2882816A1 (fr) * 2005-03-04 2006-09-08 Delta Caps Initiators Soc Par Dispositif d'interface pour detonateurs
WO2006092436A1 (fr) * 2005-03-04 2006-09-08 Chemical Holdings International Ltd Dispositif d'interface pour détonateurs
WO2018033881A1 (en) 2016-08-19 2018-02-22 Pavuluri Bharath Electronic detonator-exploder system
CN114646243A (zh) * 2022-05-07 2022-06-21 浙江航芯科技有限公司 一种提高安全性的数码雷管起爆控制方法及系统
CN114646243B (zh) * 2022-05-07 2023-06-23 浙江航芯科技有限公司 一种提高安全性的数码雷管起爆控制方法及系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2027197T1 (es) 1992-06-01
DE434883T1 (de) 1992-04-09

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