EP0603629B1 - Elektromagnetische Anordnung - Google Patents

Elektromagnetische Anordnung Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0603629B1
EP0603629B1 EP93119659A EP93119659A EP0603629B1 EP 0603629 B1 EP0603629 B1 EP 0603629B1 EP 93119659 A EP93119659 A EP 93119659A EP 93119659 A EP93119659 A EP 93119659A EP 0603629 B1 EP0603629 B1 EP 0603629B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pole
armature
face
shading ring
surrounded
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93119659A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0603629A2 (de
EP0603629A3 (en
Inventor
Wilfried Beyer
Thorsten Krause
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kuhnke GmbH
Original Assignee
Kuhnke GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kuhnke GmbH filed Critical Kuhnke GmbH
Publication of EP0603629A2 publication Critical patent/EP0603629A2/de
Publication of EP0603629A3 publication Critical patent/EP0603629A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0603629B1 publication Critical patent/EP0603629B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/10—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures specially adapted for alternating current
    • H01F7/12—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures specially adapted for alternating current having anti-chattering arrangements
    • H01F7/1205—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures specially adapted for alternating current having anti-chattering arrangements having short-circuited conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/10—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures specially adapted for alternating current
    • H01F7/12—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures specially adapted for alternating current having anti-chattering arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/44—Magnetic coils or windings
    • H01H50/46—Short-circuited conducting sleeves, bands, or discs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic arrangement with an electrical coil, with a coil core designed as a gap pole, one pole of which is enclosed by a short-circuit ring for generating a phase shift, with an armature arranged opposite the gap pole and with a yoke closing the magnetic circuit.
  • Such electromagnetic arrangements are known from many areas of technology, for example relays which can be operated with alternating current are constructed in this way.
  • the splitting of the pole opposite the armature into at least two poles, one of which is enclosed by a short-circuit ring, serves to achieve a phase shift within the magnetic current induced by the current flow in the coil in the magnetic circuit in the region of these two poles. This phase shift is necessary so that an interruption of the holding force due to a change in the current direction between the coil core and armature is prevented.
  • Embodiments of such electromagnetic arrangements are described by way of example in DE-AS 11 41 026 and DE-AS 15 39 918.
  • the aim is to keep the area enclosed by the short-circuit ring as large as possible. This keeps the magnetic resistance low over this flow path.
  • favorable flow conditions and, on the other hand, favorable initial conditions with regard to the phase shift between the two partial flows can be achieved.
  • the prerequisite for this, however, is core lamination, which results in a homogeneous field distribution. The effect of field displacement will not occur if the sheet thickness is suitably dimensioned due to very low eddy currents in the core sheets.
  • the object of the invention is to design an electromagnetic arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the aforementioned adverse effects are avoided or are at least reduced and that comparatively higher holding forces between the shaded pole and armature are thus achieved.
  • the pole enclosed by the short-circuit ring is designed in a stepped manner to increase the flux density between the pole and the armature such that an end plane end face directly opposite the armature and a plane opposite and spaced apart and a closed end surface is formed, the end face being smaller than the cross-sectional area of this pole in the area of the short-circuit ring.
  • the inventive design of the pole enclosed by the short-circuit ring results in a local increase in the flux density in the region of this pole, the relative permeability also being reduced, which entails a greater depth of penetration.
  • the dimensioning of the pole faces in detail can be determined mathematically and / or empirically.
  • the cross-sectional area of a pole may only be reduced to such an extent that the saturation limit of the material is reached, since otherwise the effect that is positive for the force ratio is compensated for.
  • a significant increase in the flux density to obtain the desired increase in the holding force is obtained if the area ratio from the end face of the shaded pole to the total cross-sectional area of this pole is selected to be less than or equal to 0.7.
  • the present invention is not limited to the shape of the coil core as such, more than two gap poles can also be provided.
  • An expedient embodiment in the case of a coil core which is round in cross section can also lie in the fact that the end faces of the poles are formed by concentric ring surfaces.
  • the short-circuit ring is then within an annular groove made in the end face of the coil core.
  • the gradation of the pole enclosed by the short-circuit ring can then be carried out in a simple manner through a central blind hole, the depth of which is smaller than that of the annular groove provided for the short-circuit ring.
  • the coil core does not necessarily have to be solid, laminated designs are also conceivable. However, a one-piece coil core made of solid material is preferably used in connection with the present invention.
  • the aforementioned increase in the magnetic force between the coil pole and armature which can be achieved with the solution according to the invention, is achieved by specifically increasing the magnetic flux in this area.
  • it can take place not only through the aforementioned preferred structural design of the coil core, but also through a corresponding design of the armature in the area opposite the gap pole, in that the armature is designed accordingly in its area opposite the pole surrounded by the short-circuit ring.
  • the magnetic area effective in this area must be reduced correspondingly to the concentration of the magnetic flux, in such a way that the magnetically effective face of the armature in this area is smaller than the end face of the pole.
  • the armature has a raised end face pointing towards the pole, which faces the Short-circuit ring opposite pole and is smaller than the end face of this pole.
  • the electromagnetic arrangement shown in FIG. 1 can, for example, be part of an electromagnetic AC relay.
  • the electrical coil is identified by 1.
  • a coil core 2 which is part of a magnetic circuit consisting of the coil core 2, a yoke 3 and an armature 4.
  • the coil core 2 has a substantially cylindrical shape and consists of solid material with high permeability.
  • the coil core 2 is connected to the yoke 3, which is also made of magnetically highly conductive material.
  • the yoke is approximately L-shaped in the view according to FIG. 1 and runs with one leg transversely and with the other parallel to the coil core 2.
  • the armature 4 is located at a short distance, which is also on the yoke 3 is applied so that the magnetic circuit is closed.
  • the coil core is 2 formed at its end facing the armature 4 as a shaded pole core, so that two poles 5 and 6 are formed.
  • the pole 5 is completely enclosed by a short-circuit ring 7, this pole 5 is referred to below as a shaded pole.
  • a phase shift of the magnetic flux is achieved by the short-circuit ring 7, so that even in the event of a change in direction of the magnetic flux it is always ensured that the holding force between the coil core 2 and armature 4 is not canceled during the brief zero crossing.
  • the ring 7 has a D shape in plan view and is embedded in an end groove 8 of the coil core 2.
  • the short-circuit ring 7 encloses the shaded pole 5 over its entire circumference and is arranged at a clear distance from the armature 4, since the depth of the groove 8 is greater than the height of the short-circuit ring 7.
  • the shaded pole 5 has a gradation 9, so that an end face 10 directly opposite the armature 4 and an end face 11 opposite the armature 4 are formed.
  • the end face 11 is parallel to the end face 10 in the area between the latter and the short-circuit ring 7.
  • This gradation achieves the aforementioned concentration of the magnetic flux in this area near the anchor and thus the increase in force.
  • the shaded pole 5 can be provided with a joining chamfer on its circumferential edge on the front side.
  • the end face 12 of the unshaded pole 6 can be reduced in size by a side bevel in the pole 6, as is also known in the prior art for adjusting the magnetic flux in this area.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show an alternative embodiment of a coil core 2a.
  • the coil core 2a is also essentially cylindrical, but an annular groove 8a is embedded in the end face of the coil core 2a, in which there is a short-circuit ring 7a, so that an annular, outer and unshaded pole 6a and a shaded pole concentrically with it and enclosed therefrom 5a is formed.
  • a step 9a is formed by a central blind hole 13. This results in an end face 10a of the shaded pole 5a, which is significantly smaller than the cross-sectional area of this pole in the area of the short-circuit ring 7a, also to increase the magnetic flux density in this area.
  • the rear end face of the shaded pole 5a is designated 11a, the end face of the unshaded pole 6a is 12a.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 an alternative implementation of the invention is shown by appropriate design of the armature 4 (variants B and C).
  • the coil core 2b corresponds to that shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 except for the lack of gradation in the shaded pole 5b.
  • the unshaded pole is marked with 6b, the short-circuit ring with 7b.
  • This coil core 2b thus corresponds to that known from the prior art.
  • the increase in the magnetic flux density in the area between the poles and the armature 4b or 4c is achieved in that the armature in its area directly opposite the shaded pole 5b is made smaller in its effective magnetic area than the end face 10b of the shaded pole 5b.
  • this is achieved in that a gradation 15 is provided in the end face 14 of the armature facing the end face 10b.
  • design C instead of this gradation 15, the entire armature 4c is shortened, so that it is only opposite part of the end face 10b of the shaded pole 5b.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
EP93119659A 1992-12-24 1993-12-07 Elektromagnetische Anordnung Expired - Lifetime EP0603629B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4244247A DE4244247A1 (de) 1992-12-24 1992-12-24 Elektromagnetische Anordnung
DE4244247 1992-12-24

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0603629A2 EP0603629A2 (de) 1994-06-29
EP0603629A3 EP0603629A3 (en) 1994-07-13
EP0603629B1 true EP0603629B1 (de) 1997-02-26

Family

ID=6476651

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93119659A Expired - Lifetime EP0603629B1 (de) 1992-12-24 1993-12-07 Elektromagnetische Anordnung

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US5638041A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0603629B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
KR (1) KR940016304A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CN (1) CN1047254C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE149268T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA2112330A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE4244247A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK0603629T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES2100433T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
MY (1) MY110066A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
PL (1) PL176405B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
TW (1) TW273624B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE59609182D1 (de) * 1995-10-09 2002-06-13 Tyco Electronics Logistics Ag Elektromagnetisches Relais und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE19537612C1 (de) * 1995-10-09 1997-01-09 Siemens Ag Elektromagnetisches Relais und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE10321015A1 (de) * 2003-05-10 2004-12-02 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Elektrischer Ventiltrieb für Verbrennungsmotoren mit einem an der Ankerplatte vorgesehenen Wirbelstromkreis
DE10321036A1 (de) * 2003-05-10 2004-11-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Elektrischer Ventiltrieb mit Kurzschlussring
JP4140439B2 (ja) * 2003-05-12 2008-08-27 オムロン株式会社 電磁継電器
TWM285792U (en) * 2005-05-06 2006-01-11 Song Chuan Prec Co Ltd Improved relay structure
RU2407098C2 (ru) * 2008-11-17 2010-12-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Технос" Комбинированный привод выключателя постоянного тока
US8502627B1 (en) 2012-09-19 2013-08-06 International Controls And Measurements Corporation Relay with stair-structured pole faces
JP5990091B2 (ja) 2012-11-13 2016-09-07 富士電機機器制御株式会社 電磁開閉器
CN110459437B (zh) * 2019-04-25 2024-07-09 厦门宏发汽车电子有限公司 一种可降噪音的电磁继电器
CN114649164B (zh) * 2022-04-15 2023-03-03 徐州乔南仪表有限公司 一种继电器用衔铁组件

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1370914A (en) * 1919-06-07 1921-03-08 Electric Controller & Mfg Co Alternating-current magnet
AT134740B (de) * 1931-05-19 1933-09-25 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Wechselstrommagnet mit dauernd konstanter Haltekraft.
US2076857A (en) * 1933-12-23 1937-04-13 Teletype Corp Alternating current magnet
DE951511C (de) * 1952-05-28 1956-10-31 Siemens Ag Befestigung von Kurzschlussringen in Nuten von Magneten elektrischer Schaltgeraete, insbesondere Schuetzen
DE1295084B (de) * 1963-08-30 1969-05-14 Binder Magnete Kurzschlusswindungsanordnung fuer Wechselstrommagnete
DE1539918C3 (de) * 1966-07-09 1974-01-24 Eichhoff-Werke Gmbh, 5880 Luedenscheid Spaltpolkern
US3544936A (en) * 1968-08-02 1970-12-01 Robertshaw Controls Co Symmetrical shaded pole electromagnet
CH519231A (de) * 1971-05-14 1972-02-15 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Elektromagnet, insbesondere zum Antrieb elektrischer Schaltgeräte
DE2424983B2 (de) * 1974-05-22 1979-12-06 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Wechselstrommagnet mit einem Kurzschlußring
US4200972A (en) * 1977-07-18 1980-05-06 Robertshaw Controls Company Method of manufacturing a solenoid

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR940016304A (ko) 1994-07-23
MY110066A (en) 1997-12-31
DK0603629T3 (da) 1997-09-01
CN1090424A (zh) 1994-08-03
PL176405B1 (pl) 1999-05-31
EP0603629A2 (de) 1994-06-29
DE59305538D1 (de) 1997-04-03
CN1047254C (zh) 1999-12-08
PL301608A1 (en) 1994-06-27
EP0603629A3 (en) 1994-07-13
ATE149268T1 (de) 1997-03-15
ES2100433T3 (es) 1997-06-16
US5638041A (en) 1997-06-10
DE4244247A1 (de) 1994-07-07
TW273624B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1996-04-01
CA2112330A1 (en) 1994-06-25

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