EP0601233A1 - Refrigerated ship for transporting perishable goods, especially fruit and vegetables - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a refrigerated ship (10) for transporting perishable goods. With regard to the cargo space and refrigerated space, there have always been problems in such refrigerated ships with the insulation and the space requirement. Because of the perishability of the goods to be transported, the known refrigerated ships have to travel as fast as possible which leads to an excessive fuel requirement. The invention provides assistance in this connection by the middle ship section (13), which runs parallel to the ship side walls (20, 22) and forgoes side shorings, forming approximately 50 to 80% of the overall length of the refrigerated ship (10) and by the panels, in the form of insulating system walls (15) with integrated gas supply lines (16) and measurement lines (17), delimiting, as an inner lining, the refrigerated spaces of the middle ship section (13) and by devices being provided, which control the atmosphere in the refrigerated spaces with regard to its gas composition, temperature and/or humidity. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a refrigerated ship for the transport of perishable goods, in particular fruits and vegetables, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Cooling ships are known in the prior art in a wide variety of embodiments. They are used to transport perishable goods, including food, and have been constantly adapted to the state of the art since their introduction at the beginning of the century. Since the perishability of such refrigerated goods, such as bananas, citrus fruits, pome fruit and exotic fruits, meat, dairy products, and fish, depends significantly on the storage time and duration of transport, it has even been considered that the duration of the transport could be increased further by using aircraft instead of sea transport shorten. For decades, efforts have been made to design refrigerated ships in terms of hull structure and drives in such a way that they allow fast seafaring. The latter requires a relatively slim ship shape, at least in the bow and stern area, and a large, powerful drive, which leads to considerable space and traffic jam losses. It should also be clear that the desired, fast drive with powerful drives leads to high fuel requirements and the associated high operating costs.

In addition, the insulation between the ship's outer skin and the pallets requires extensive manual work that has to adapt to the respective contour of the outer skin. The manual backfilling of this space with mineral wool and other insulating materials is not only labor intensive, but also requires a lot of material. Such isolation also requires so-called side shoring, which in turn entails costs.

While refrigerated container ships work with cooling rods and cooling systems, by means of which the atmosphere in containers can be controlled with regard to the composition of various gases and also the degree of moisture, as is described, for example, in DE-PS 39 23 860 or EP 92 11 6512.2, that is The structure of cooling ships is understandably different. Insulated storage spaces with flat walls made of prefabricated, load-bearing panels, which are supplied with cooling air via ducts, are used here, as is described, for example, in DE-OS 28 32 106 or DE-OS 31 26 789. Such refrigerated ships have a stowage or loading space, which is suitable for commercial pallets with a rectangular shape, of less than 40% in relation to the total length of the ship, which is often perceived as inadequate.

The invention is therefore based on the object to improve the known cooling ships in such a way that they described the Avoids problems of the prior art and at the same time enables an energy and cost-saving and thus more environmentally friendly transport of perishable goods, without this resulting in loss of quality even with particularly sensitive refrigerated goods.

This object is achieved by the cooling ship characterized in claim 1.

According to the invention, a midships section is provided which on the one hand dispenses with side shoring and on the other hand forms more than 40%, approximately 50 to 80% of the total length of the cooling ship. This ensures in particular that the usual pallets with a rectangular steel shape can be used in the loading space, thereby ensuring maximum utilization of the space volume of the cooling ship. So far, experts have viewed such a basic structure of the ship as extremely disadvantageous, since this would of course worsen the cruising speed of the Küblschiff and possibly also the quality of the goods to be transported, since larger drives would have to be dispensed with due to space and cost reasons. However, the invention has overridden this prejudice and, in addition to the enlarged midship section, provides insulation system walls with integrated supply and measuring lines as internal cladding, which limit the cold rooms. In this way, the atmosphere in the cold stores can also be controlled in terms of their composition, temperature and / or humidity, even in the case of refrigerated ships. In this way, the invention enables the transport of perishable goods. As a result, a longer transport time can be accepted without there being any loss of quality, with maximum use being made of the storage and loading space. Furthermore, the slower cruising speed enables the fuel for the drive to be reduced to approx. half of what previously common refrigerated ships reported in terms of consumption. In addition, cooling ships according to the invention can dispense with oversized drive powers, as a result of which the engine room can be designed to be more space-saving. Theoretical computer models have shown that the increased electrical energy requirement of charge cooling is of minor importance for the longer transport time.

Thanks to the newly created and improved use of the available space, the usable area of the cargo space is increased, so that compared to known refrigerated ships of the same size instead of e.g. 2400 pallets can now be accommodated on> 5000 equally sized pallets in the load space.

Further advantages and features emerge from the subclaims, which together with the main claim can also be of inventive importance.

In the following a preferred embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail in connection with the drawing.

Fig. 1

einen Horizontalschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäß gestaltetes Kühlschiff;

Fig. 2 und 3

einen Querschnitt durch Linie I-I bzw. II-II in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 und 5

schematische Querschnittsansichten durch ein konventionelles Kühlschiff mit herkömmlicher Isolierung, entsprechend der Schiffsform nachvollzogen; und

Fig. 6

eine schematische Perspektivansicht durch eine Isoliersystemwand.

It shows:

Fig. 1

a horizontal section through a cooling ship designed according to the invention;

2 and 3

a cross section through line II or II-II in Fig. 1;

4 and 5

schematic cross-sectional views through a conventional refrigerated ship with conventional insulation, reproduced according to the shape of the ship; and

Fig. 6

a schematic perspective view through an insulation system wall.

In Fig. 1, the cooling ship according to the invention is generally with Designated 10. It is suitable for the transportation of all goods, especially perishable goods that need to be refrigerated, as is the case with bananas, citrus fruits, seasonal fruits such as apples, pears and grapes, exotic fruits such as kiwis, mangoes, papayas etc., as well as Meat, dairy products, fish. The cooling ship 10 has a bow 11 and a stern 12, between which the central aisle section 13 lies, which is characterized by a parallel course of the opposite ship side walls 20, 22. According to the invention, the transition areas 24 and 26 to the bow 11 and stern 12 are kept as small as possible in their length dimensions, since there is no parallel course of the ship's side walls here. With the usual length of 150 m of the reefers on the market today with 500,000 cbf., The central aisle section 13 represents the smaller part of the reefer and is therefore less than 40% of the total length. According to the invention, however, the central aisle section 13 is increased significantly in percentage terms, in the present case it is 70% (105 m). According to the invention, this value can increase up to 80%. It goes without saying that, of course, the bow and stern areas and the transition areas 24 and 26 to the central aisle section 13 must be present for fluidic and other known reasons and cannot be eliminated entirely. Therefore, according to the invention, at least 20% is reserved for this.

Since the cross-sectional profile of the central aisle section 13 has parallel ship side walls 20 and 22, side shoring (not shown) can be omitted, so that standardized pallets can be used in the rectangular cargo holds (not shown) over the entire width of the ship, which allow optimum use of space with the insulation system walls 15 , so that manual and individual insulation work between the ship's side wall 20 or 22 and the panels are unnecessary, such as this is indicated schematically in FIGS. 2 and 3.

The cross-sectional profile shown in FIG. 2 proves to be ideal, since here the ship's side walls 20, 22 run parallel to one another over almost their entire length, so that the insulation system walls 15 used according to the invention can lie directly on the ship's side wall without the need for even more complicated insulation work in between. and, as shown in FIG. 3, non-insulated voids 30 result only slightly.

Such an insulation system wall 15 with three integrated gas supply lines 16 and measuring lines 17 is shown in FIG. 6. The provision of such insulation system walls 15 enables a simple modular construction and ultimately eliminates the separate laying and fastening of cable strands or other hoses or pipes.

As already mentioned above, the cooling ship 10 constructed according to the invention becomes slower due to the changed hull structure. However, this can of course reduce fuel consumption. The longer travel time at sea increases the electrical requirement in absolute terms, but it is also reduced in relative terms, since the atmosphere in the cold rooms is controlled with regard to its gas composition, temperature and / or humidity, which roughly reduces the electrical energy requirement for the cooling position reduced to 30 to 50% of the conventional cooling ship.

All in all, the invention thus creates a cooling ship that meets today's demands for reduced environmental pollution in every way, without having to accept the loss of quality in the perishable goods to be transported.

Claims (4)

Cooling ship (10) for the transport of perishable goods, in particular fruits and vegetables, with bow (11), stern (12) and central aisle section (13), as well as engine room (14) with drive for the propeller and insulated loading and cooling rooms Flat walls made of prefabricated panels, which are supplied with cooling air via ducts, characterized in that the central aisle section (13) with a predominantly parallel course of the ship's side walls (20, 22), without side shoring, approximately 50 to 80% of the total length of the cooling ship (10) forms, and that as panels the panels as insulation system walls (15) with integrated gas supply lines (16) and measuring lines (17) limit the cold rooms of the central aisle section (13), and that devices are provided that the atmosphere in the cold rooms with regard to their gas composition, temperature and / or control moisture. Refrigerated ship according to claim 1, characterized in that an N₂ generator, a CO₂ scrubber and / or an ethylene converter is installed to build up and maintain the controlled atmosphere. Cooling ship according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the insulation system walls (15) consist of flame-retardant hard foam and / or mineral fiber plates, in which cable ducts for receiving the gas supply and measuring lines (16 or 17) are integrated. Cooling ship according to claim 3, characterized in that the cable ducts consist of aluminum sheet or galvanized steel sheet.

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