EP0596807A1 - Wall which can be dismantled, and shelter containing such a wall - Google Patents

Wall which can be dismantled, and shelter containing such a wall Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0596807A1
EP0596807A1 EP93402716A EP93402716A EP0596807A1 EP 0596807 A1 EP0596807 A1 EP 0596807A1 EP 93402716 A EP93402716 A EP 93402716A EP 93402716 A EP93402716 A EP 93402716A EP 0596807 A1 EP0596807 A1 EP 0596807A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
skin
walls
removable wall
wall according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93402716A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0596807B1 (en
Inventor
Paul Raigne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INTERNATIONALE ANDRE TRIGANO Cie
Original Assignee
INTERNATIONALE ANDRE TRIGANO Cie
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Publication date
Application filed by INTERNATIONALE ANDRE TRIGANO Cie filed Critical INTERNATIONALE ANDRE TRIGANO Cie
Publication of EP0596807A1 publication Critical patent/EP0596807A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0596807B1 publication Critical patent/EP0596807B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/40—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of a number of smaller components rigidly or movably connected together, e.g. interlocking, hingedly connected of particular shape, e.g. not rectangular of variable shape or size, e.g. flexible or telescopic panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/34315—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts
    • E04B1/34321—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts mainly constituted by panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
    • E04C2/384—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a metal frame
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/12—Small buildings or other erections for limited occupation, erected in the open air or arranged in buildings, e.g. kiosks, waiting shelters for bus stops or for filling stations, roofs for railway platforms, watchmen's huts or dressing cubicles
    • E04H1/1205—Small buildings erected in the open air
    • E04H1/1222—Sales kiosks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/32—Parts, components, construction details, accessories, interior equipment, specially adapted for tents, e.g. guy-line equipment, skirts, thresholds
    • E04H15/34—Supporting means, e.g. frames
    • E04H15/44—Supporting means, e.g. frames collapsible, e.g. breakdown type
    • E04H15/48—Supporting means, e.g. frames collapsible, e.g. breakdown type foldable, i.e. having pivoted or hinged means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a removable wall and the shelters which it makes possible.
  • Such shelters are intended to be used as bungalows in holiday villages.
  • These walls can also be used in relatively heavy installations, to constitute performance halls, workshops, warehouses, emergency installations usable during major disasters .... They can also be used in a simplified form for camping lightweight.
  • classic tents in which a canvas is stretched over a rigid structure, for example a metallic structure.
  • the purpose of the present invention is therefore the production of shelters or elements for shelters avoiding these various drawbacks allowing the construction of shelters of various aesthetic aspects, which may have a number of openings (doors or windows) comparable to that of a traditional house with a relatively low cost price, good longevity and allowing dynamic insulation of shelters.
  • the invention relates to a removable wall comprising at least one rigid frame and at least one flexible skin.
  • the flexible skin is double having two disjointed faces and the frame is deformable between an assembly state and a tension state.
  • This frame is intended to be placed between the two faces of the skin in its mounting state, then deformed to be put in its tension state so as to stretch the skin.
  • the frame is advantageously made up of at least two elements and of positioning and holding means.
  • these positioning and holding means comprise at least one screw-nut system, the screw being secured to one of the elements of the frame, the nut being secured to the other.
  • the wall comprises at least one spacer element fixed to the frame at two points, so as to allow rotation of the element relative to the frame, between a rest position in which the element is located in a first plane defined by the frame, and an active position in which the element is located in a second plane perpendicular to the first.
  • the spacer element consists of a curved trellis.
  • the positioning and holding means comprise at minus a toggle system.
  • the removable wall of the invention is advantageously rectangular, the double skin being closed on at least two of its sides, the fourth side being openable; the third can, depending on the design, be closed or open.
  • the skin preferably has openings allowing air circulation between the two faces of said skin.
  • openings are preferably provided with flaps.
  • a particularly effective embodiment is obtained, when the skin is in prestressed fabric.
  • the invention also relates to a shelter made with removable walls, as defined above.
  • the frames of said walls include fixing means making it possible to associate the removable walls with each other.
  • These fixing means are preferably fishplates screwed onto each of the frames that they must associate.
  • these fixing means comprise profiles, on which the walls are fixed.
  • the removable wall of the invention is produced by the association of a rigid frame 2 and a flexible skin 3.
  • This flexible skin is double-sided.
  • Frame 2 is deformable. It can have either a mounting state or a tension state. Its geometric dimensions, at least in one direction, are smaller in the mounting state than in the tension state.
  • the frame initially placed in its mounting state, is introduced between the two faces 3a and 3b of the double skin which forms an envelope then, inside this envelope, it is placed in its tension state.
  • the respective dimensions of the double skin 3 and of the rigid frame 2 are determined, so that the introduction of the frame into the flexible skin, when it is in its mounting state, is easy and that, when it is in its tension state, it exerts tension on the skin.
  • the double skin forms, during assembly, a pocket comprising at least one opening, through which the rigid structure is introduced.
  • This opening is advantageously provided with a closing system, for example by contact.
  • the setting of the frame, in its tensioned state, can be finalized after the opening is closed.
  • the wall 1 is intended to be used, for example for the production of shelters, while the rigid frame is in its state of tension and the skin itself stretched over it.
  • the wall is removable and can be, either after a first use, or even before any use, transported or stored particularly easily.
  • the frame 2 consists of at least two elements 4, 5 connected by means 6 for positioning and holding one relative to the other.
  • the action on the means 6 allows the approximation or on the contrary the relative distance of the two elements 4 and 5, thus allowing the frame to pass from its mounting state to its tension state.
  • the elements 4 and 5 fit into each other and are connected by a screw-nut system 7, 8 which ensures their connection and produce a more or less significant depression of the element 5 inside the element 4.
  • the bolt 8 is fixed by the welds 9 in the hollow element 4.
  • the screw 7 is intended to come to bear by its head against the wall 10 connected by the welds 11 to element 5.
  • This wall 10 has a central opening accessible from the outside through the opening 16 provided for this purpose in element 5. Through the opening 16, it is therefore possible to screw or unscrew the screws 7, and therefore to control the respective positions of elements 4 and 5.
  • These devices for positioning and holding elements 4 and 5 with respect to each other are preferably placed near an angle of the one of the elements, for example of element 5, so that it is possible to access the head of the screw 7 with a tool of suitable dimensions.
  • the position and the number of these positioning and holding means 6 are determined as a function of the geometric shape of the removable wall 1.
  • the rigid rectangular frame 2 is composed of two corner elements, respectively 101 and 102 diametrically opposed, two uprights 103, 104 and a base and a top 105, 106 identical.
  • the uprights 103 and 104 are rectilinear profiles, having a section S.
  • the base and the top 105, 106 are formed of rectilinear profiles, respectively 105a, 106a, of the same section S as the uprights 103, 104.
  • On these profiles 105a, 106a are fixed perpendicularly sections 105b, 106b of section s less than section S.
  • These sections 105b, 106b are intended to be able to be introduced by nesting inside the uprights 103, 104. They have a section s.
  • sections 105b, 106b are welded or bolted to the other section of the base and top 105a, 106a.
  • the corner elements 101, 102 are each formed of two profiles, respectively 101a, 101b and 102a, 102b, secured perpendicularly to each other, each of the profiles having a section s allowing it to fit into the elements of section S.
  • the corner elements 101 and 102 are connected to each of the sections 104, 105a, 103, 106a, with which they cooperate by means 6 for positioning and holding.
  • the rigid frame 2 can be tensioned in each of the four directions of these sides from two diametrically opposite angles.
  • the settings, schematically represented at 107 to 110, in two perpendicular directions, can be made from each angle.
  • the rigid frame 2 is advantageously equipped with bending devices, as shown in detail in FIG. 5.
  • a bending element 12 consisting of a slightly curved rigid element is placed inside the flexible skin 3. It is made integral, at each of its ends, with a frame element 4, for example by welding. It is fixed in position relative to the frame 2, or more precisely a frame element 4, by a screw-nut system 13, 14 accessible from the outside by an opening 17, the head of the screw 13 being fixed in a housing 15.
  • the bending element 12 produces the bending of the element on which it is fixed and, thereby, contributes to the tension of the skin in its middle part.
  • Such bending elements 121, 124 can be placed in different positions on the rigid frame 2. They are preferably placed approximately in the middle of the rectilinear elements forming this frame.
  • elements of spacer 300 are assembled to the frame 2, for example at the level of two elements opposite to it.
  • the positions and the number of these spacer elements 300 are determined as a function of the geometric shape and of the aesthetic appearance that it is desired to give to the wall 1.
  • Each spacer element 300 has the shape of a curved trellis consisting of the assembly of a straight tube 310 and a curved tube 320, so as to leave free the two ends 311 of the straight tube 310 between which is placed a set of tubes 330 to stiffen the assembly.
  • Each tube has a lower section than the elements of the frame.
  • Each of the free ends 311 of the rectilinear tube 310 is inserted, during assembly, in a cylindrical orifice 340 formed in the frame or in a gusset 350 welded thereto, so that the spacer element 300 is located in a rest position, in the plane of the frame.
  • the section of the orifice 340 is slightly greater than that of the rectilinear tube 310 of the trellis, so as to allow rotation of the element relative to the frame.
  • the spacer element 300 is raised by rotation of 90 ° by means of a suitable tool 360, so that it passes from the rest state in an active state, in a plane perpendicular to the frame.
  • a pin 370 is inserted into a hole 342 made in the frame or in the gusset. This pin cooperates with an orifice 341 provided for this purpose in the free end of the element, to lock the assembly in position.
  • a ratchet can also be mounted at the end of the straight tube of the trellis. This pawl engages in the hole 342 in the frame or in the gusset 350 during the rotation of the element relative to the frame.
  • a smooth and wrinkle-free wall is thus obtained which has a convex or biconvex shape depending on the number and the position of the spacer elements.
  • the large walls thus produced can be combined by their frames which are, possibly, placed in the same plane.
  • the rigid frame 2 is referenced 20 and shown in its mounting state in FIG. 6, and referenced 21 and shown in its tension state in FIG. 7.
  • the toggle joint system comprises two rigid elements 22 and 23 connected by a hinge 24 and thus articulated around the axis of rotation 25.
  • Such a system is in unstable equilibrium when the elements 22 and 23 are in the extension of one another. They can be folded towards each other in a first direction, as shown in Figure 6, until almost completely folded.
  • the rigid frame 2 is in stable equilibrium and in the tension state.
  • the frame placed in the mounting state 20 is introduced into the flexible double-sided skin then, by the action on the knee pads, placed in its tensioned state, where it exerts tension on the double flexible skin.
  • Bending devices as described above, can also equip this toggle frame and improve the tension and the aesthetic appearance of the flexible skin.
  • the opening through which the frame has been introduced is advantageously closed.
  • this opening is provided with closing means, for example contact fasteners.
  • the tensioning of the skin, by the positioning means and by the bending means, can be finalized after the skin is closed. It includes holes or openings allowing access to these adjustment means.
  • An important aspect of the invention is to allow air circulation inside the wall between the faces of the flexible skin, so as to ensure a parieto-dynamic isolation of the shelters or enclosures made with such walls.
  • the flexible wall 3 has on its faces 3a and 3b openings 31, 32, 35, as shown in Figures 11 and 12, simply closed by a net with large meshes allowing the circulation of air and avoiding the introduction of insects or undesirable bodies between the faces of the flexible wall.
  • these openings are covered with awnings 33 or equipped with flaps 36 capable of being closed by closure systems with contacts 37, 38.
  • the side of the flexible skin by which the rigid frame has been introduced is advantageously closed by itself.
  • it can for example be fitted with contact closure.
  • Figures 13 to 16 give different embodiments of walls 41, 44, 46 provided with openings 42, 43, 45, 47.
  • the flexible skin is advantageously made of prestressed canvas.
  • the frames of the different walls are associated with each other, for example by fishplates.
  • the frames can also be associated with doors or windows themselves comprising frames. They can also be fixed on profile reinforcements.
  • These shelters include fixing means making it possible to associate the removable walls with one another and, possibly, to associate them with traditional elements, for example for openings, windows and doors.
  • a bungalow for leisure accommodation with a ground dimension of five meters by five, can be made with a frame of square steel profiles comprising a perimeter edge supported by four corner posts, four intermediate posts and a central post.
  • the frame comprises eight slightly convex rafters joined in the center and defining an asymmetrical octagon extending beyond the constructive square.
  • the bungalow can also be made without frames.
  • the frame walls constitute a self-supporting shell. They are fixed in the lower part to the perimeter edge and are joined together in the upper part (according to the drawing provided) by fishplates.
  • the cover is made with a simple coated canvas tensioned.
  • the walls consist of removable walls 240-247 according to the invention, associated with doors and windows.
  • the different wall elements are connected by splice angles, or angle splices.
  • Joints in H 252-254, or angular joints 248-251 ensure their junction, they are advantageously made of synthetic material.
  • One of these walls 244 can be articulated and form the door.
  • the associated fixed wall 245 then has a plastic "U" 255.
  • the ribs 256, 257 have fixing holes 259, 261.
  • the straight ribs 256 can comprise a spacer support tube 258.
  • Two spacer support tubes of this type can be combined to carry a spacer (not shown) connecting the upper parts of two walls and holding them at a fixed distance from each other.
  • These shelters are preferably fixed on a concrete base previously formed on the ground.
  • an angle iron 202 is fixed on the slab 201.
  • a compression strip 203 being interposed between the concrete slab 201 and the angle iron 202, a support shore 204 is fixed on the angle iron 202 resting on the bosses 205.
  • the support shore 204 is fixed to the angle iron 202 by a bolt 206, 207 passing through the angle iron through the opening 208. Washers 209, 210 and 211 are interposed.
  • the faces 3a and 3b of the flexible skin meet under the frame 2 and are associated by a contact closure 232.
  • the wall includes a sealing flap 230.
  • the support edge 204 preferably has, at its ends, at least one fold 220 of direction parallel to the length of the edge.
  • Each of the bases of the shelter can thus be locked on the banks 204 and, thereby, fixed to the concrete slab 201.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a wall which can be dismantled including at least one rigid frame (2) and at least one flexible skin (3). The flexible skin is double, having two separate faces (3a, 3b). The frame can be deformed between an assembly state and a tension state, the frame (2) being intended to be placed between the two faces (3a, 3b) of the skin in its assembly state, and then deformed in its tension state so as to stretch the skin (3). The invention also relates to shelters including such walls which can be dismantled. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne une paroi démontable et les abris qu'elle permet de réaliser.The invention relates to a removable wall and the shelters which it makes possible.

Elle concerne plus particulièrement les abris de toile. De tels abris sont entre autres destinés à être utilisés comme bungalows dans les villages de vacances.It relates more particularly to canvas shelters. Among other things, such shelters are intended to be used as bungalows in holiday villages.

Ces parois peuvent aussi être utilisées dans des installations relativement lourdes, pour constituer des salles de spectacles, des ateliers, des entrepôts, des installations de secours utilisables lors des grandes catastrophes.... Elles peuvent également être utilisées dans une forme simplifiée pour le camping léger.These walls can also be used in relatively heavy installations, to constitute performance halls, workshops, warehouses, emergency installations usable during major disasters .... They can also be used in a simplified form for camping lightweight.

Jusqu'à présent, différents modes de réalisation de tels abris sont employés.Until now, various embodiments of such shelters have been used.

On connaît tout d'abord les tentes "classiques", dans lesquelles une toile est tendue sur une structure rigide, par exemple une structure métallique.First of all, "classic" tents are known, in which a canvas is stretched over a rigid structure, for example a metallic structure.

On connaît également différentes structures gonflables permettant la réalisation d'abris. Selon les cas, seuls des éléments de rigidification sont gonflés, ces éléments étant reliés entre eux par une toile tendue, soit l'ensemble de l'abri est formé par une peau double couche mise sous pression.Various inflatable structures are also known allowing the construction of shelters. Depending on the case, only stiffening elements are inflated, these elements being interconnected by a stretched fabric, or the entire shelter is formed by a double layer skin pressurized.

On connaît par ailleurs de nombreux abris et structures temporaires réalisés avec des matériaux rigides, bois, complexe sandwich....We also know many shelters and temporary structures made with rigid materials, wood, sandwich complex ...

Ces différents modes de réalisation connus d'abris légers présentent chacun des inconvénients parmi lesquels on soulignera l'aspect esthétique, la résistance de l'abri au cours du temps, les variations importantes de température susceptibles de se produire à l'intérieur de ces structures, le coût....These various known embodiments of light shelters each have drawbacks among which the aesthetic appearance, the resistance of the shelter over time, the significant variations in temperature liable to occur inside these structures will be emphasized. , the cost....

Le but de la présente invention est donc la réalisation d'abris ou d'éléments pour abris évitant ces différents inconvénients permettant la confection d'abris d'aspects esthétiques variés, pouvant présenter un nombre d'ouvertures (portes ou fenêtres) comparable à celui d'une maison traditionnelle ayant un prix de revient relativement faible, une bonne longévité et permettant une isolation dynamique des abris.The purpose of the present invention is therefore the production of shelters or elements for shelters avoiding these various drawbacks allowing the construction of shelters of various aesthetic aspects, which may have a number of openings (doors or windows) comparable to that of a traditional house with a relatively low cost price, good longevity and allowing dynamic insulation of shelters.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne une paroi démontable comportant au moins un cadre rigide et au moins une peau souple.To this end, the invention relates to a removable wall comprising at least one rigid frame and at least one flexible skin.

Selon l'invention, la peau souple est double ayant deux faces disjointes et le cadre est déformable entre un état de montage et un état de tension. Ce cadre est destiné à être placé entre les deux faces de la peau dans son état de montage, puis déformé pour être mis dans son état de tension de façon à tendre la peau.According to the invention, the flexible skin is double having two disjointed faces and the frame is deformable between an assembly state and a tension state. This frame is intended to be placed between the two faces of the skin in its mounting state, then deformed to be put in its tension state so as to stretch the skin.

On obtient ainsi des parois légères, autoportantes et démontables.This gives light, self-supporting and removable walls.

Le cadre est avantageusement constitué d'au moins deux éléments et de moyens de positionnement et de maintien.The frame is advantageously made up of at least two elements and of positioning and holding means.

Dans un premier mode de réalisation préféré, ces moyens de positionnement et de maintien comportent au moins un système vis-écrou, la vis étant solidaire de l'un des éléments du cadre, l'écrou étant solidaire de l'autre.In a first preferred embodiment, these positioning and holding means comprise at least one screw-nut system, the screw being secured to one of the elements of the frame, the nut being secured to the other.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, la paroi comporte au moins un élément d'entretoise fixé au cadre en deux points, de façon à permettre une rotation de l'élément par rapport au cadre, entre une position de repos dans laquelle l'élément se situe dans un premier plan défini par le cadre, et une position active dans laquelle l'élément se situe dans un deuxième plan perpendiculaire au premier.According to a characteristic of the invention, the wall comprises at least one spacer element fixed to the frame at two points, so as to allow rotation of the element relative to the frame, between a rest position in which the element is located in a first plane defined by the frame, and an active position in which the element is located in a second plane perpendicular to the first.

Avantageusement, l'élément d'entretoise consiste en un treillis bombé.Advantageously, the spacer element consists of a curved trellis.

Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation préféré, les moyens de positionnement et de maintien comportent au moins un système à genouillère.According to a second preferred embodiment, the positioning and holding means comprise at minus a toggle system.

La paroi démontable de l'invention est avantageusement rectangulaire, la peau double étant fermée sur deux de ses côtés au moins, le quatrième côté étant ouvrable ; le troisième peut, selon les réalisations, être fermé ou ouvrable.The removable wall of the invention is advantageously rectangular, the double skin being closed on at least two of its sides, the fourth side being openable; the third can, depending on the design, be closed or open.

La peau comporte de préférence des ouvertures permettant une circulation d'air entre les deux faces de ladite peau.The skin preferably has openings allowing air circulation between the two faces of said skin.

Ces ouvertures sont de préférence munies de volets.These openings are preferably provided with flaps.

On obtient une réalisation particulièrement efficace, lorsque la peau est en toile précontrainte.A particularly effective embodiment is obtained, when the skin is in prestressed fabric.

L'invention concerne également un abri réalisé avec des parois démontables, telles que définies plus haut. Les cadres desdites parois comportent des moyens de fixation permettant d'associer les parois démontables les unes avec les autres.The invention also relates to a shelter made with removable walls, as defined above. The frames of said walls include fixing means making it possible to associate the removable walls with each other.

Ces moyens de fixation sont de préférence des éclisses vissées sur chacun des cadres qu'elles doivent associer.These fixing means are preferably fishplates screwed onto each of the frames that they must associate.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation, ces moyens de fixation comportent des profilés, sur lesquels les parois sont fixées.In another embodiment, these fixing means comprise profiles, on which the walls are fixed.

L'invention sera décrite en détail en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la Figure 1 est une représentation schématique en coupe d'une paroi selon l'invention ;
  • la Figure 2 est la représentation d'un cadre rectangulaire ;
  • les Figures 3 et 4 sont des représentations schématiques des moyens de positionnement et de maintien des éléments de cadres les uns par rapport aux autres ;
  • la Figure 5 est une représentation schématique d'un moyen de cintrage d'un élément du cadre ;
  • les Figures 6 et 7 sont des représentations schématiques d'un cadre muni d'un système à genouillère
  • les Figures 8, 9 et 10 sont des représentations schématiques détaillées d'une genouillère ;
  • les Figures 11 à 16 sont des représentations de parois démontables comportant différentes ouvertures ;
  • la Figure 17 est une représentation d'un abri selon l'invention ;
  • les Figures 18 et 19 représentent la fixation d'un abri au sol ;
  • la Figure 20 représente la vue en coupe d'un bungalow ;
  • les Figures 21, 22 et 23 représentent des éclisses de montage ;
  • les Figures 24, 26 et 27 sont des représentations schématiques d'un cadre équipé d'éléments d'entretoise ;
  • les Figures 25, 28 et 29 représentent des éléments de fixation des entretoises.
The invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic sectional representation of a wall according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is the representation of a rectangular frame;
  • Figures 3 and 4 are schematic representations of the means for positioning and holding the frame elements relative to each other;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic representation means for bending a frame element;
  • Figures 6 and 7 are schematic representations of a frame with a toggle system
  • Figures 8, 9 and 10 are detailed schematic representations of a toggle;
  • Figures 11 to 16 are representations of removable walls having different openings;
  • Figure 17 is a representation of a shelter according to the invention;
  • Figures 18 and 19 show the attachment of a shelter to the ground;
  • Figure 20 shows the sectional view of a bungalow;
  • Figures 21, 22 and 23 show mounting plates;
  • Figures 24, 26 and 27 are schematic representations of a frame fitted with spacer elements;
  • Figures 25, 28 and 29 show fastening elements of the spacers.

La paroi démontable de l'invention est réalisée par l'association d'un cadre rigide 2 et d'une peau souple 3. Cette peau souple est double face. Le cadre 2 est déformable. Il peut avoir, soit un état de montage, soit un état de tension. Ses dimensions géométriques, au moins dans une direction, sont plus petites à l'état de montage qu'à l'état de tension.The removable wall of the invention is produced by the association of a rigid frame 2 and a flexible skin 3. This flexible skin is double-sided. Frame 2 is deformable. It can have either a mounting state or a tension state. Its geometric dimensions, at least in one direction, are smaller in the mounting state than in the tension state.

Ainsi, le cadre, initialement placé dans son état de montage, est introduit entre les deux faces 3a et 3b de la peau double qui forme une enveloppe puis, à l'intérieur de cette enveloppe, il est placé dans son état de tension.Thus, the frame, initially placed in its mounting state, is introduced between the two faces 3a and 3b of the double skin which forms an envelope then, inside this envelope, it is placed in its tension state.

Les dimensions respectives de la peau double 3 et du cadre rigide 2 sont déterminées, de telle sorte que l'introduction du cadre dans la peau souple, lorsqu'il est dans son état de montage, est aisée et que, lorsqu'il est dans son état de tension, il exerce une tension sur la peau.The respective dimensions of the double skin 3 and of the rigid frame 2 are determined, so that the introduction of the frame into the flexible skin, when it is in its mounting state, is easy and that, when it is in its tension state, it exerts tension on the skin.

La peau double forme, lors du montage, une poche comportant une ouverture au moins, par laquelle la structure rigide est introduite. Cette ouverture est avantageusement munie d'un système de fermeture, par exemple par contact. La mise du cadre, dans son état de tension, peut être finalisée après la fermeture de l'ouverture.The double skin forms, during assembly, a pocket comprising at least one opening, through which the rigid structure is introduced. This opening is advantageously provided with a closing system, for example by contact. The setting of the frame, in its tensioned state, can be finalized after the opening is closed.

La paroi 1 est destinée à être utilisée, par exemple pour la réalisation d'abris, alors que le cadre rigide est dans son état de tension et la peau elle-même tendue par dessus.The wall 1 is intended to be used, for example for the production of shelters, while the rigid frame is in its state of tension and the skin itself stretched over it.

La paroi est démontable et peut être, soit après un premier usage, soit avant même tout usage, transportée ou stockée particulièrement facilement.The wall is removable and can be, either after a first use, or even before any use, transported or stored particularly easily.

Le cadre 2 est constitué d'au moins deux éléments 4, 5 reliés par des moyens 6 de positionnement et de maintien de l'un par rapport à l'autre.The frame 2 consists of at least two elements 4, 5 connected by means 6 for positioning and holding one relative to the other.

L'action sur les moyens 6 permet le rapprochement ou au contraire l'éloignement relatif des deux éléments 4 et 5, permettant ainsi au cadre de passer de son état de montage à son état de tension.The action on the means 6 allows the approximation or on the contrary the relative distance of the two elements 4 and 5, thus allowing the frame to pass from its mounting state to its tension state.

Dans un premier mode de réalisation représenté sur les Figures 3 et 4, les éléments 4 et 5 s'emboîtent l'un dans l'autre et sont reliés par un système vis-écrou 7, 8 qui permet d'assurer leur liaison et de produire un enfoncement plus ou moins important de l'élément 5 à l'intérieur de l'élément 4.In a first embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4, the elements 4 and 5 fit into each other and are connected by a screw-nut system 7, 8 which ensures their connection and produce a more or less significant depression of the element 5 inside the element 4.

A cet effet, le boulon 8 est fixé par les soudures 9 dans l'élément creux 4.To this end, the bolt 8 is fixed by the welds 9 in the hollow element 4.

La vis 7 est destinée à venir en appui par sa tête contre la paroi 10 reliée par les soudures 11 à l'élément 5. Cette paroi 10 comporte une ouverture centrale accessible de l'extérieur par l'ouverture 16 prévue à cet effet dans l'élément 5. Au travers de l'ouverture 16, il est donc possible de visser ou de dévisser la vis 7, et donc de contrôler les positions respectives des éléments 4 et 5. Ces dispositifs de positionnement et de maintien des éléments 4 et 5 l'un par rapport à l'autre sont de préférence placés à proximité d'un angle de l'un des éléments, par exemple de l'élément 5, de sorte qu'il soit possible d'accéder à la tête de la vis 7 avec un outil de dimensions adaptées.The screw 7 is intended to come to bear by its head against the wall 10 connected by the welds 11 to element 5. This wall 10 has a central opening accessible from the outside through the opening 16 provided for this purpose in element 5. Through the opening 16, it is therefore possible to screw or unscrew the screws 7, and therefore to control the respective positions of elements 4 and 5. These devices for positioning and holding elements 4 and 5 with respect to each other are preferably placed near an angle of the one of the elements, for example of element 5, so that it is possible to access the head of the screw 7 with a tool of suitable dimensions.

La position et le nombre de ces moyens de positionnement et de maintien 6 sont déterminés en fonction de la forme géométrique de la paroi démontable 1.The position and the number of these positioning and holding means 6 are determined as a function of the geometric shape of the removable wall 1.

Pour une paroi rectangulaire, telle que représentée à la Figure 1, des réglages 6, diamétralement opposés, donnent de bons résultats et permettent d'obtenir aisément une tension de la peau et évite la formation de plis.For a rectangular wall, as shown in Figure 1, settings 6, diametrically opposite, give good results and allow to easily obtain a tension of the skin and prevents the formation of folds.

Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, représenté à la Figure 2, le cadre rectangulaire rigide 2 est composé de deux éléments d'angle, respectivement 101 et 102 diamétralement opposés, de deux montants 103, 104 et d'une base et d'un sommet 105, 106 identiques.In a preferred embodiment, shown in Figure 2, the rigid rectangular frame 2 is composed of two corner elements, respectively 101 and 102 diametrically opposed, two uprights 103, 104 and a base and a top 105, 106 identical.

Chacun de ces éléments est formé avec un profil carré. Les montants 103 et 104 sont des profils rectilignes, ayant une section S. La base et le sommet 105, 106 sont formés de profilés rectilignes, respectivement 105a, 106a, de même section S que les montants 103, 104. Sur ces profilés 105a, 106a, sont fixés perpendiculairement des profilés 105b, 106b de section s inférieure à la section S. Ces profilés 105b, 106b sont destinés à pouvoir être introduits par emboîtement à l'intérieur des montants 103, 104. Ils ont une section s.Each of these elements is formed with a square profile. The uprights 103 and 104 are rectilinear profiles, having a section S. The base and the top 105, 106 are formed of rectilinear profiles, respectively 105a, 106a, of the same section S as the uprights 103, 104. On these profiles 105a, 106a, are fixed perpendicularly sections 105b, 106b of section s less than section S. These sections 105b, 106b are intended to be able to be introduced by nesting inside the uprights 103, 104. They have a section s.

Ces profilés 105b, 106b sont soudés ou boulonnés sur l'autre profilé des base et sommet 105a, 106a.These sections 105b, 106b are welded or bolted to the other section of the base and top 105a, 106a.

Les éléments d'angle 101, 102 sont chacun formés de deux profilés, respectivement 101a, 101b et 102a, 102b, solidarisés perpendiculairement l'un par rapport à l'autre, chacun des profilés ayant une section s permettant son emboîtement dans les éléments de section S.The corner elements 101, 102 are each formed of two profiles, respectively 101a, 101b and 102a, 102b, secured perpendicularly to each other, each of the profiles having a section s allowing it to fit into the elements of section S.

Les éléments d'angle 101 et 102 sont reliés à chacun des profilés 104, 105a, 103, 106a, avec lesquels ils coopèrent par des moyens 6 de positionnement et de maintien.The corner elements 101 and 102 are connected to each of the sections 104, 105a, 103, 106a, with which they cooperate by means 6 for positioning and holding.

Ainsi, le cadre rigide 2 peut être mis en tension dans chacune des quatre directions de ces côtés à partir de deux angles diamétralement opposés. Les réglages, schématiquement représentés en 107 à 110, dans deux directions perpendiculaires, peuvent être faits à partir de chaque angle.Thus, the rigid frame 2 can be tensioned in each of the four directions of these sides from two diametrically opposite angles. The settings, schematically represented at 107 to 110, in two perpendicular directions, can be made from each angle.

Afin d'augmenter la tension de la toile et d'améliorer encore son aspect, le cadre rigide 2 est avantageusement équipé de dispositifs de cintrage, tels que représentés en détail sur la Figure 5.In order to increase the tension of the fabric and further improve its appearance, the rigid frame 2 is advantageously equipped with bending devices, as shown in detail in FIG. 5.

Un élément de cintrage 12 consistant en un élément rigide légèrement bombé est placé à l'intérieur de la peau souple 3. Il est rendu solidaire, à chacune de ses extrémités, d'un élément de cadre 4, par exemple par soudure. Il est fixé en position par rapport au cadre 2, ou plus précisément un élément de cadre 4, par un système vis-écrou 13, 14 accessible de l'extérieur par une ouverture 17, la tête de la vis 13 étant fixée dans un logement 15.A bending element 12 consisting of a slightly curved rigid element is placed inside the flexible skin 3. It is made integral, at each of its ends, with a frame element 4, for example by welding. It is fixed in position relative to the frame 2, or more precisely a frame element 4, by a screw-nut system 13, 14 accessible from the outside by an opening 17, the head of the screw 13 being fixed in a housing 15.

L'élément de cintrage 12 produit le cintrage de l'élément sur lequel il est fixé et, par là même, concourt à la tension de la peau en sa partie médiane.The bending element 12 produces the bending of the element on which it is fixed and, thereby, contributes to the tension of the skin in its middle part.

De tels éléments de cintrage 121, 124 peuvent être placés en différentes positions sur le cadre rigide 2. Ils sont de préférence placés approximativement au milieu des éléments rectilignes formant ce cadre.Such bending elements 121, 124 can be placed in different positions on the rigid frame 2. They are preferably placed approximately in the middle of the rectilinear elements forming this frame.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, afin d'augmenter la tension de la toile lorsque la paroi présente une grande surface, ce qui est le cas par exemple lorsqu'elle forme un auvent ou une enseigne lumineuse, des éléments d'entretoise 300 sont assemblés au cadre 2, par exemple au niveau de deux éléments opposés à celui-ci. Les positions et le nombre de ces éléments d'entretoise 300 sont déterminés en fonction de la forme géométrique et de l'aspect esthétique que l'on souhaite donner à la paroi 1.According to another embodiment of the invention, in order to increase the tension of the fabric when the wall has a large surface, which is the case for example when it forms a canopy or a light sign, elements of spacer 300 are assembled to the frame 2, for example at the level of two elements opposite to it. The positions and the number of these spacer elements 300 are determined as a function of the geometric shape and of the aesthetic appearance that it is desired to give to the wall 1.

Chaque élément d'entretoise 300 présente la forme d'un treillis bombé constitué de l'assemblage d'un tube rectiligne 310 et d'un tube cintré 320, de façon à laisser libre les deux extrémités 311 du tube rectiligne 310 entre lesquelles est placé un ensemble de tube 330 pour rigidifier l'assemblage. Chaque tube a une section inférieure aux éléments du cadre. Chacune des extrémités libres 311 du tube rectiligne 310 est insérée, lors du montage, dans un orifice 340 cylindrique ménagé dans le cadre ou dans un gousset 350 soudé à celui-ci, de sorte que l'élément d'entretoise 300 se situe dans une position de repos, dans le plan du cadre. De préférence, la section de l'orifice 340 est légèrement supérieure à celle du tube rectiligne 310 du treillis, de façon à permettre une rotation de l'élément par rapport au cadre.Each spacer element 300 has the shape of a curved trellis consisting of the assembly of a straight tube 310 and a curved tube 320, so as to leave free the two ends 311 of the straight tube 310 between which is placed a set of tubes 330 to stiffen the assembly. Each tube has a lower section than the elements of the frame. Each of the free ends 311 of the rectilinear tube 310 is inserted, during assembly, in a cylindrical orifice 340 formed in the frame or in a gusset 350 welded thereto, so that the spacer element 300 is located in a rest position, in the plane of the frame. Preferably, the section of the orifice 340 is slightly greater than that of the rectilinear tube 310 of the trellis, so as to allow rotation of the element relative to the frame.

Après la mise sous tension du cadre par les moyens de positionnement et de maintien 6, l'élément d'entretoise 300 est relevé par rotation de 90° au moyen d'un outil 360 adapté, de sorte qu'il passe de l'état de repos à un état actif, dans un plan perpendiculaire au cadre.After the frame has been tensioned by the positioning and holding means 6, the spacer element 300 is raised by rotation of 90 ° by means of a suitable tool 360, so that it passes from the rest state in an active state, in a plane perpendicular to the frame.

Dans cette position, une goupille 370 est insérée dans un trou 342 ménagé dans le cadre ou dans le gousset. Cette goupille coopère avec un orifice 341 prévu à cet effet dans l'extrémité libre de l'élément, pour bloquer l'assemblage en position.In this position, a pin 370 is inserted into a hole 342 made in the frame or in the gusset. This pin cooperates with an orifice 341 provided for this purpose in the free end of the element, to lock the assembly in position.

Un cliquet peut également être monté en bout de tube rectiligne du treillis. Ce cliquet s'enclenche dans le trou ménagé 342 dans le cadre ou dans le gousset 350 lors de la rotation de l'élément par rapport au cadre.A ratchet can also be mounted at the end of the straight tube of the trellis. This pawl engages in the hole 342 in the frame or in the gusset 350 during the rotation of the element relative to the frame.

On obtient ainsi une paroi lisse et sans plis qui présente une forme convexe ou biconvexe en fonction du nombre et de la position des éléments d'entretoise.A smooth and wrinkle-free wall is thus obtained which has a convex or biconvex shape depending on the number and the position of the spacer elements.

Les parois de grandes dimensions ainsi réalisées peuvent être associées par leurs cadres qui sont, éventuellement, placés dans le même plan.The large walls thus produced can be combined by their frames which are, possibly, placed in the same plane.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation, représenté aux Figures 6 à 10, les éléments 4, 5 du cadre rigide 2 sont reliés par un système à genouillère.In another embodiment, shown in Figures 6 to 10, the elements 4, 5 of the rigid frame 2 are connected by a toggle system.

Le cadre rigide 2 est référencé 20 et représenté à son état de montage sur la Figure 6, et référencé 21 et représenté à son état de tension sur la Figure 7.The rigid frame 2 is referenced 20 and shown in its mounting state in FIG. 6, and referenced 21 and shown in its tension state in FIG. 7.

Le système à genouillère comporte deux éléments rigides 22 et 23 reliés par une charnière 24 et ainsi articulés autour de l'axe de rotation 25.The toggle joint system comprises two rigid elements 22 and 23 connected by a hinge 24 and thus articulated around the axis of rotation 25.

Un tel système est en équilibre instable lorsque les éléments 22 et 23 sont dans le prolongement l'un de l'autre. Ils peuvent être repliés l'un vers l'autre dans un premier sens, tel que représenté sur la Figure 6, jusqu'à un repliement complet ou presque. Par contre, dans l'autre sens, tel que représenté sur la Figure 7, des moyens, tels qu'une plaque de butée 26, empêchent leur repliement d'une position prédéterminée proche de l'alignement des éléments 22 et 23. Lorsque les éléments 22 et 23 sont en appui contre la plaque de butée 26, le cadre rigide 2 est en équilibre stable et à l'état de tension.Such a system is in unstable equilibrium when the elements 22 and 23 are in the extension of one another. They can be folded towards each other in a first direction, as shown in Figure 6, until almost completely folded. By cons, in the other direction, as shown in Figure 7, means, such as an abutment plate 26, prevent their folding back from a predetermined position close to the alignment of the elements 22 and 23. When the elements 22 and 23 are in abutment against the stop plate 26, the rigid frame 2 is in stable equilibrium and in the tension state.

Le cadre placé en état de montage 20 est introduit dans la peau souple double face puis, par l'action sur les genouillères, placé en son état de tension, où il exerce une tension sur la peau souple double.The frame placed in the mounting state 20 is introduced into the flexible double-sided skin then, by the action on the knee pads, placed in its tensioned state, where it exerts tension on the double flexible skin.

Des dispositifs de cintrage, tels que décrits plus haut, peuvent également équiper ce cadre à genouillère et améliorer la tension et l'aspect esthétique de la peau souple.Bending devices, as described above, can also equip this toggle frame and improve the tension and the aesthetic appearance of the flexible skin.

La coopération d'une peau souple double face et d'un cadre rigide la mettant sous tension permet d'obtenir des parois démontables particulièrement résistantes pour un poids et un coût relativement faibles. Elles sont autoportantes.The cooperation of a flexible double-sided skin and a rigid frame putting it under tension makes it possible to obtain particularly resistant removable walls for a relatively low weight and cost. They are self-supporting.

Après que le cadre ait été placé, puis mis sous tension à l'intérieur de la peau souple double face, l'ouverture par laquelle le cadre a été introduit, est avantageusement refermée.After the frame has been placed and then tensioned inside the flexible double-sided skin, the opening through which the frame has been introduced is advantageously closed.

A cet effet, cette ouverture est munie de moyens de fermeture, par exemple d'attaches par contact.To this end, this opening is provided with closing means, for example contact fasteners.

La mise sous tension de la peau, par les moyens de positionnement et par les moyens de cintrage, peut être finalisée après la fermeture de la peau. Elle comporte les trous ou ouvertures permettant l'accès à ces moyens de réglage.The tensioning of the skin, by the positioning means and by the bending means, can be finalized after the skin is closed. It includes holes or openings allowing access to these adjustment means.

Différents matériaux peuvent être utilisés tant pour la réalisation du cadre que pour la réalisation de la peau souple.Different materials can be used both for the production of the frame and for the production of the flexible skin.

On a obtenu de bons résultats en utilisant un cadre fait de profilés acier et en utilisant pour la fabrication de la peau souple un tissu enduit précontraint. Ce tissu est réalisé par l'enduction d'un support en polyester, sur ses deux faces, par du polychlorure de vinyle plastifié et ignifugé.Good results have been obtained using a frame made of steel profiles and using a pre-stressed coated fabric for the manufacture of flexible skin. This fabric is made by coating a polyester support, on both sides, by plasticized and fireproof polyvinyl chloride.

Un aspect important de l'invention est de permettre une circulation d'air à l'intérieur de la paroi entre les faces de la peau souple, de manière à assurer une isolation pariéto-dynamique des abris ou enceintes réalisés avec de telles parois.An important aspect of the invention is to allow air circulation inside the wall between the faces of the flexible skin, so as to ensure a parieto-dynamic isolation of the shelters or enclosures made with such walls.

La paroi souple 3 présente sur ses faces 3a et 3b des ouvertures 31, 32, 35, telles que représentées sur les Figures 11 et 12, simplement fermées par un filet à larges mailles permettant la circulation de l'air et évitant l'introduction des insectes ou corps indésirables entre les faces de la paroi souple.The flexible wall 3 has on its faces 3a and 3b openings 31, 32, 35, as shown in Figures 11 and 12, simply closed by a net with large meshes allowing the circulation of air and avoiding the introduction of insects or undesirable bodies between the faces of the flexible wall.

Si besoin, ces ouvertures sont recouvertes d'auvents 33 ou équipées de volets 36 susceptibles d'être fermés par des systèmes de fermeture à contacts 37, 38.If necessary, these openings are covered with awnings 33 or equipped with flaps 36 capable of being closed by closure systems with contacts 37, 38.

Après introduction du cadre rigide 2 à l'intérieur de la peau souple double face 3, le côté de la peau souple par lequel le cadre rigide a été introduit est avantageusement refermé par lui-même. A cet effet, il peut par exemple être équipé de fermeture par contacts.After introduction of the rigid frame 2 inside the flexible double-sided skin 3, the side of the flexible skin by which the rigid frame has been introduced is advantageously closed by itself. For this purpose, it can for example be fitted with contact closure.

On peut ainsi réaliser des parois démontables complètement opaques 40, ou prévoir différents types d'ouvertures selon le type d'abris que l'on cherche à réaliser, sa localisation et son utilisation. Les Figures 13 à 16 donnent différents exemples de réalisation de parois 41, 44, 46 munies d'ouvertures 42, 43, 45, 47.It is thus possible to produce completely opaque demountable walls 40, or to provide different types of openings according to the type of shelter that one seeks to achieve, its location and its use. Figures 13 to 16 give different embodiments of walls 41, 44, 46 provided with openings 42, 43, 45, 47.

De nombreux abris ayant des utilisations diverses peuvent être réalisés avec la paroi démontable de l'invention.Many shelters with various uses can be made with the removable wall of the invention.

La peau souple est avantageusement réalisée en toile précontrainte. Les cadres des différentes parois sont associés les uns aux autres, par exemple par des éclisses.The flexible skin is advantageously made of prestressed canvas. The frames of the different walls are associated with each other, for example by fishplates.

Les cadres peuvent également être associés à des portes ou fenêtres comportant elles-mêmes des cadres. Ils peuvent aussi être fixés sur des armatures en profilés.The frames can also be associated with doors or windows themselves comprising frames. They can also be fixed on profile reinforcements.

Ces abris comportent des moyens de fixation permettant d'associer les parois démontables entre elles et, éventuellement, de les associer à des éléments traditionnels, par exemple pour les ouvertures, fenêtres et portes.These shelters include fixing means making it possible to associate the removable walls with one another and, possibly, to associate them with traditional elements, for example for openings, windows and doors.

A titre d'exemple non limitatif, un bungalow pour hébergement de loisirs, d'une dimension au sol de cinq mètres sur cinq, peut être réalisé avec une armature en profilés acier carrés comportant une rive périmétrique supportée par quatre poteaux d'angles, quatre poteaux intermédiaires et un poteau central.By way of nonlimiting example, a bungalow for leisure accommodation, with a ground dimension of five meters by five, can be made with a frame of square steel profiles comprising a perimeter edge supported by four corner posts, four intermediate posts and a central post.

La charpente comporte huit arbalétriers légèrement convexes réunis au centre et définissant un octogone dissymétrique débordant le carré constructif.The frame comprises eight slightly convex rafters joined in the center and defining an asymmetrical octagon extending beyond the constructive square.

Le bungalow peut être aussi réalisé sans armatures. Les murs cadres constituent une coque autoporteuse. Ils sont fixés en partie basse à la rive périmétrique et sont solidarisés entre eux en partie haute (suivant dessin fourni) par des éclisses.The bungalow can also be made without frames. The frame walls constitute a self-supporting shell. They are fixed in the lower part to the perimeter edge and are joined together in the upper part (according to the drawing provided) by fishplates.

La couverture est réalisée avec une toile enduite simple mise sous tension.The cover is made with a simple coated canvas tensioned.

Les murs sont constitués de parois démontables 240-247 selon l'invention, associées à des portes et fenêtres.The walls consist of removable walls 240-247 according to the invention, associated with doors and windows.

Les différents éléments de murs sont reliés par des cornières d'éclissage, ou éclissages d'angle. Des joints en H 252-254, ou joints angulaires 248-251, assurent leur jonction, ils sont avantageusement en matière synthétique.The different wall elements are connected by splice angles, or angle splices. Joints in H 252-254, or angular joints 248-251, ensure their junction, they are advantageously made of synthetic material.

L'une de ces parois 244 peut être articulée et former la porte. La paroi fixe associée 245 comporte alors un "U" de finition en plastique 255.One of these walls 244 can be articulated and form the door. The associated fixed wall 245 then has a plastic "U" 255.

Les éclisses 256, 257 comportent des trous de fixation 259, 261. Les éclisses droites 256 peuvent comporter un tube-support d'entretoise 258.The ribs 256, 257 have fixing holes 259, 261. The straight ribs 256 can comprise a spacer support tube 258.

Deux tubes-supports d'entretoise de ce type peuvent être associés pour porter une entretoise (non représentée) reliant les parties hautes de deux murs et les maintenant, à une distance fixe, l'un de l'autre.Two spacer support tubes of this type can be combined to carry a spacer (not shown) connecting the upper parts of two walls and holding them at a fixed distance from each other.

Ces abris sont de préférence fixés sur une base de béton préalablement formée sur le sol.These shelters are preferably fixed on a concrete base previously formed on the ground.

A cet effet, tel que représenté sur la Figure 18, une cornière 202 est fixée sur la dalle 201. Une bande de compression 203 étant interposée entre la dalle de béton 201 et la cornière 202, une rive-support 204 est fixée sur la cornière 202 en appui sur les bossages 205. La rive-support 204 est fixée à la cornière 202 par un boulon 206, 207 traversant la cornière par l'ouverture 208. Des rondelles 209, 210 et 211 sont interposées.For this purpose, as shown in Figure 18, an angle iron 202 is fixed on the slab 201. A compression strip 203 being interposed between the concrete slab 201 and the angle iron 202, a support shore 204 is fixed on the angle iron 202 resting on the bosses 205. The support shore 204 is fixed to the angle iron 202 by a bolt 206, 207 passing through the angle iron through the opening 208. Washers 209, 210 and 211 are interposed.

Les faces 3a et 3b de la peau souple se rejoignent sous le cadre 2 et sont associés par une fermeture par contact 232. A sa partie inférieure, la paroi comporte une bavette d'étanchéité 230.The faces 3a and 3b of the flexible skin meet under the frame 2 and are associated by a contact closure 232. At its lower part, the wall includes a sealing flap 230.

La rive-support 204 présente de préférence, à ses extrémités, au moins un repli 220 de direction parallèle à la longueur de la rive. Ainsi, lors de la mise en place de la paroi, sa mise sous tension produisant l'allongement du côté du bâti en contact avec la rive 204, produit l'allongement de son extrémité 221 dans le repli 220 assurant ainsi son verrouillage sur la rive 204.The support edge 204 preferably has, at its ends, at least one fold 220 of direction parallel to the length of the edge. Thus, during the positioning of the wall, its tensioning producing the elongation on the side of the frame in contact with the bank 204, produces the elongation of its end 221 in the fold 220 thus ensuring its locking on the bank 204.

Chacune des bases de l'abri peut ainsi être verrouillée sur les rives 204 et, par là, fixée à la dalle de béton 201.Each of the bases of the shelter can thus be locked on the banks 204 and, thereby, fixed to the concrete slab 201.

Les signes de référence insérés après les caractéristiques techniques mentionnées dans les revendications, ont pour seul but de faciliter la compréhension de ces dernières, et n'en limitent aucunement la portée.The reference signs inserted after the technical characteristics mentioned in the claims, have the sole purpose of facilitating the understanding of the latter, and in no way limit their scope.

Claims (14)

Paroi démontable comportant : - au moins un cadre rigide (2), - au moins une peau souple (3),
caractérisée en ce que : - la peau souple est double et a deux faces disjointes (3a, 3b), - le cadre est déformable entre un état de montage et un état de tension, le cadre (2) étant destiné à être placé entre les deux faces (3a, 3b) de la peau dans son état de montage, puis déformé dans son état de tension de façon à tendre la peau (3). Removable wall comprising: - at least one rigid frame (2), - at least one flexible skin (3),
characterized in that: - the flexible skin is double and has two disjointed faces (3a, 3b), - the frame is deformable between an assembly state and a tension state, the frame (2) being intended to be placed between the two faces (3a, 3b) of the skin in its assembly state, then deformed in its state of tension so as to stretch the skin (3). Paroi démontable selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le cadre (2) comporte au moins deux éléments (4, 5) et des moyens (6) de positionnement et de maintien de l'un par rapport à l'autre, la déformation de l'état de montage à l'état de tension étant obtenue par un écartement de l'un des éléments (4) par rapport à l'autre (5) à l'aide des moyens (6) de positionnement et de maintien.Removable wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame (2) comprises at least two elements (4, 5) and means (6) for positioning and holding one with respect to the other, the deformation from the mounting state to the tension state being obtained by a spacing of one of the elements (4) relative to the other (5) using the means (6) for positioning and holding. Paroi démontable selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de positionnement et de maintien (6) comportent au moins un système vis-écrou (7, 8), la vis (7) étant solidaire de l'un des éléments (4) du cadre, l'écrou (8) étant solidaire de l'autre (5).Removable wall according to claim 2, characterized in that the positioning and holding means (6) comprise at least one screw-nut system (7, 8), the screw (7) being integral with one of the elements (4 ) of the frame, the nut (8) being integral with the other (5). Paroi démontable selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte au moins un élément d'entretoise (300) destiné à augmenter la tension de la peau souple (3), assemblé au cadre (2) en deux points, de façon à permettre une rotation de l'élément (300) par rapport au cadre (2) entre une position de repos dans laquelle l'élément (300) se situe dans un premier plan défini par le cadre (2), et une position active dans laquelle l'élément (300) se situe dans un deuxième plan perpendiculaire au premier.Removable wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises at least one spacer element (300) intended to increase the tension of the flexible skin (3), assembled to the frame (2) in two points, so as to allow rotation of the element (300) relative to the frame (2) between a rest position in which the element (300) is located in a first plane defined by the frame (2), and an active position in which the element (300) is located in a second plane perpendicular to the first. Paroi démontable selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que l'élément d'entretoise (300) consiste en un treillis bombé.Removable wall according to claim 3, characterized in that the spacer element (300) consists of a curved trellis. Paroi démontable selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de positionnement et de maintien (6) comportent au moins un système à genouillère.Removable wall according to claim 2, characterized in that the positioning and holding means (6) comprise at least one toggle joint system. Paroi démontable selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est approximativement rectangulaire, la peau double (3) étant fermée sur trois de ses côtés, le quatrième côté étant ouvrable.Removable wall according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is approximately rectangular, the double skin (3) being closed on three of its sides, the fourth side being openable. Paroi démontable selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que la peau (3) comporte des ouvertures (31, 32, 35) permettant une circulation d'air entre les deux faces de ladite peau.Removable wall according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the skin (3) has openings (31, 32, 35) allowing air circulation between the two faces of said skin. Paroi démontable selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que la peau (3) comporte des volets (36) permettant la fermeture des ouvertures.Removable wall according to claim 8, characterized in that the skin (3) comprises flaps (36) allowing the closing of the openings. Paroi démontable selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que la peau (3) est en toile précontrainte.Removable wall according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the skin (3) is in prestressed fabric. Abri comportant des parois démontables selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les cadres desdites parois (1) comportent des moyens de fixation permettant d'associer les parois démontables les unes avec les autres.Shelter comprising removable walls according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the frames of said walls (1) comprise fixing means making it possible to associate the removable walls with each other. Abri selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins une porte et une fenêtre ayant des cadres, lesdits cadres comportant des fixations complémentaires des parois démontables et permettant leur association à ces parois.Shelter according to claim 11, characterized in that it comprises at least one door and one window having frames, said frames comprising complementary fixings of the removable walls and allowing their association with these walls. Abri selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de fixation comportent des profilés auxquels les parois sont fixées.Shelter according to claim 11, characterized in that the fastening means comprise profiles to which the walls are fixed. Abri selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de fixation comportent des éclisses vissées sur les cadres à associer.Shelter according to claim 11, characterized in that said fastening means comprise fishplates screwed onto the frames to be associated.
EP93402716A 1992-11-06 1993-11-04 Wall which can be dismantled, and shelter containing such a wall Expired - Lifetime EP0596807B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9213426 1992-11-06
FR9213426A FR2697862B1 (en) 1992-11-06 1992-11-06 Removable wall, and shelter comprising such a wall.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0596807A1 true EP0596807A1 (en) 1994-05-11
EP0596807B1 EP0596807B1 (en) 1998-04-22

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ID=9435330

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93402716A Expired - Lifetime EP0596807B1 (en) 1992-11-06 1993-11-04 Wall which can be dismantled, and shelter containing such a wall

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EP (1) EP0596807B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE165413T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69318103T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2115038T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2697862B1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004090266A1 (en) * 2003-04-09 2004-10-21 Sattler Ag Membrane wall element for erecting a tent or shed-type construction

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB344798A (en) * 1929-12-10 1931-03-10 David Alexander Herd Improvements in or relating to portable, self-supporting and collapsible bathing screens, tents, and like structures
US2976876A (en) * 1956-12-17 1961-03-28 Lonnqvist Jarl Reinholdt Stay-rod for tents
US3169543A (en) * 1962-06-21 1965-02-16 James B Mcgerty Portable shelter
FR1548635A (en) * 1967-10-26 1968-12-06
FR2052228A5 (en) * 1969-07-30 1971-04-09 Fra For Ets
FR2481785A1 (en) * 1980-04-30 1981-11-06 Fondeur Francois Covering for solar collector - has transparent thermo-plastics sleeve stretched over frame and tensioned
FR2643406A1 (en) * 1989-02-22 1990-08-24 Knafou Joseph Prefabricated lightweight dwelling

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB344798A (en) * 1929-12-10 1931-03-10 David Alexander Herd Improvements in or relating to portable, self-supporting and collapsible bathing screens, tents, and like structures
US2976876A (en) * 1956-12-17 1961-03-28 Lonnqvist Jarl Reinholdt Stay-rod for tents
US3169543A (en) * 1962-06-21 1965-02-16 James B Mcgerty Portable shelter
FR1548635A (en) * 1967-10-26 1968-12-06
FR2052228A5 (en) * 1969-07-30 1971-04-09 Fra For Ets
FR2481785A1 (en) * 1980-04-30 1981-11-06 Fondeur Francois Covering for solar collector - has transparent thermo-plastics sleeve stretched over frame and tensioned
FR2643406A1 (en) * 1989-02-22 1990-08-24 Knafou Joseph Prefabricated lightweight dwelling

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004090266A1 (en) * 2003-04-09 2004-10-21 Sattler Ag Membrane wall element for erecting a tent or shed-type construction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2115038T3 (en) 1998-06-16
FR2697862B1 (en) 1995-01-27
EP0596807B1 (en) 1998-04-22
DE69318103T2 (en) 1998-10-29
DE69318103D1 (en) 1998-05-28
ATE165413T1 (en) 1998-05-15
FR2697862A1 (en) 1994-05-13

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