EP0596462A2 - Free reed generator - Google Patents

Free reed generator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0596462A2
EP0596462A2 EP93117778A EP93117778A EP0596462A2 EP 0596462 A2 EP0596462 A2 EP 0596462A2 EP 93117778 A EP93117778 A EP 93117778A EP 93117778 A EP93117778 A EP 93117778A EP 0596462 A2 EP0596462 A2 EP 0596462A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tongue
hollow body
reed
sound
resonance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP93117778A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0596462A3 (en
Inventor
Ernst Zacharias
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Matth Hohner AG
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Matth Hohner AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0596462A2 publication Critical patent/EP0596462A2/en
Publication of EP0596462A3 publication Critical patent/EP0596462A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10B—ORGANS, HARMONIUMS OR SIMILAR WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ASSOCIATED BLOWING APPARATUS
    • G10B3/00—Details or accessories
    • G10B3/08—Pipes, e.g. open pipes, reed pipes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D7/00—General design of wind musical instruments
    • G10D7/12—Free-reed wind instruments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D9/00—Details of, or accessories for, wind musical instruments
    • G10D9/02—Mouthpieces; Reeds; Ligatures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reed generator with a piercing tone reed arranged in a slot, optionally located on a reed plate, for producing sound by means of air flow for musical instruments.
  • tongue musical instruments such as accordions and harmonica
  • resounding tongues as tongue generators, which are arranged in the region of corresponding slots on reed plates assigned to the reed cells of a reed body and are bent away from the reed plate with their free end.
  • the penetrating tongues are arranged on one side of the reed plate in such a way that the playing wind is directed against the bending of the reed against the reed plate, otherwise the tongue cannot be made to vibrate.
  • separate tongues are therefore provided on one and the other side of the reed plate with corresponding bends.
  • Striking tongues are also known from organ building, but could not assert themselves against striking tongues there, since the typical tongue sound cannot be changed clearly enough.
  • lingual pipes with penetrating tongues essentially only one sound color is produced, since different cup shapes have only a relatively minor influence on the sound character because of their dependence on the clay tongue.
  • the CH book "Handbuch der Orgelischen GmbH”, Benzinger & Co. AG, Einsiedeln / Switzerland, 1936, pp. 283-291 and 318-324 describes the use of resounding tongues for lingual pipes of organs, the sound being generated in this way that when blowing the clay tongue bent outwards by the blowing wind due to its elasticity against its flexion is pressed into the slot of its tongue frame until it snaps back again after reaching an end position and thus vibrates under the flow pressure and its spring force.
  • the sound produced by the tongue can be slightly influenced by a bell, but the bell serves primarily as a bell.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a reed generator of the type mentioned at the outset, which allows tone generation with a tone color which can be selected within wide limits.
  • the clay tongue and the associated slot are arranged in the lateral region of a head-side section of an elongated resonance hollow body which is open on the foot side and closed on the head side and forms a resonance chamber in such a way that the sound tongue is excited by the wind against the direction of immersion in the slot and a coupling vibration representing the acoustically audible sound is generated, which is closer to the natural sound of the resonance hollow body than to the natural sound of the tongue.
  • Such a reed generator has a reed arrangement, which would not allow sound generation in known reed musical instruments such as accordions or harmonica, since the reed would not be bent against the direction of the wind and therefore would not be subject to any restoring force in these instruments, which would only allow oscillation.
  • the restoring force required to generate vibrations is caused by the air column, which is reflected at the closed end of an essentially tubular resonator that carries the tongue.
  • the tongue is therefore straight or, in particular, bent with its free end inwards into the resonator chamber of the resonator and arranged on the inside.
  • the resonator influences the resulting sound spectrum, so that the desired tone color can be determined by appropriately selected resonators.
  • the coupling vibration is determined by the less strongly damped air volume of the resonator and thus largely by its effective length and shape. Due to the forced vibrations of the airspace resonator, overtones of the tongues vibrations can appear strongly in the spectrum of the emitted sound, but these partials can appear in completely different relative strengths than on the tongues.
  • a clarinet-like tone can be transmitted through circular-cylindrical resonators and a trumpet-like tone Generate resonators in the form of funnel-shaped beakers.
  • the sound tongue arranged in this way and coupled to a resonator thus delivers a sound to which the origin of a penetrating sound tongue can no longer be heard.
  • the wide range between the quietest pianissimo and the strongest forte can be played by blowing with a game wind without the frequency changing noticeably.
  • the tone is tuned by choosing the length of the resonance hollow body.
  • 1 and 2 each schematically show a longitudinal section of an embodiment of a tongue generator.
  • the tongue generator shown in FIG. 1 comprises an elongated resonance hollow body 2 with a circular cross section, which is open on the foot side and closed on the head side and forms a resonance chamber 1 and which has an opening 3 in the lateral region of a head-side section which is covered by a reed plate 6 having a slot 5 , which carries a slit 5 essentially covering, penetrating, inner tongue 7.
  • the sound tongue 7 extends in the axial direction of the resonance hollow body 2, the free end of the sound tongue 7 preferably being directed towards the closed end of the resonance hollow body 2.
  • the basic frequency of the tongue 7 corresponds approximately to the resonance frequency of the resonance hollow body 2.
  • the tongue 7 can optionally (as shown in Fig. 1) have a bend directed into the resonance space 2 or straight, i.e. run parallel to the slot 5 and thus to the wall of the resonance hollow body 2 (cf. FIG. 2).
  • the sound tongue 7, a metal or plastic tongue, can also be arranged directly on the resonance hollow body 2, which is then to be provided with the slot 5, so that one can do without the reed plate 6.
  • the resonance hollow body 2 can be injection-molded in one piece with plastic from the tongue 7.
  • a blowing mouthpiece 8 is also provided on the resonance hollow body 2, via which the play wind - generated by blowing in with the mouth or via a bellows, blower or the like. - Is passed past the tongue 7 into the resonance hollow body 2. As a result, the tongue 7, which covers the slot 5 while leaving little play, is set in vibration. The sound that can be generated corresponds to the resulting coupling frequency of the tongue 7 and the resonance hollow body 2.
  • the resonance hollow body 2 is designed to widen in the shape of a funnel on the foot side, wherein lateral openings 9 can additionally be provided in the funnel-shaped area, which additionally influence the timbre.
  • a change in pitch can be done by changing the effective length of the resonance hollow body 2 or the air column vibrating therein, by opening or closing the lateral openings 9 of the resonance hollow body 2 forming the sound tube, more or less, if necessary, and / or the resonance hollow body by a flap mechanism or adjustable ring elements 2 is extended by an attached, slidable, tubular extension. As a result, a vote or re-vote can be carried out.
  • a plurality of tongues 7 can be arranged next to one another for a different fundamental frequency or for a fundamental frequency and different overtone frequencies.
  • Suitable materials for the resonance hollow body 2 are plastics, metals, wood or other materials known from the construction of musical instruments.
  • the game wind for actuating one or more reed generators can be controlled via buttons, flaps, levers and / or valves.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a reed generator having a penetrating reed (7) which is arranged in a slot (5), is optionally located on a tuning plate (6) and is intended for sound generation by means of air flow for musical instruments. In order to permit sound generation with a tone which can be selected within wide limits, it is provided that the reed (7) and the associated slot (5) are arranged in the lateral region of a head-side portion of an elongate resonance hollow body (2), which is open on the foot side and is closed on the head side and forms a resonance chamber (1), such that the stimulation of the reed (7) by wind takes place counter to the direction of introduction in the slot (5) and a coupling oscillation constituting the audible tone is generated, which is nearer the natural tone of the resonance hollow body (2) than the natural tone of the reed (7). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zungengenerator mit einer in einem Schlitz angeordneten, durchschlagenden, gegebenenfalls an einer Stimmplatte befindlichen Tonzunge zur Klangerzeugung mittels Luftströmung für Musikinstrumente.The invention relates to a reed generator with a piercing tone reed arranged in a slot, optionally located on a reed plate, for producing sound by means of air flow for musical instruments.

Bei Zungenmusikinstrumenten wie Akkordeons und Mundharmonikas ist es bekannt, als Zungengeneratoren durchschlagende Tonzungen zu verwenden, die im Bereich von entsprechenden, Kanzellen eines Kanzellenkörpers zugeordneten Schlitzen an Stimmplatten angeordnet und mit ihrem freien Ende von der Stimmplatte weggebogen sind. Bei diesen bekannten Zungenmusikinstrumenten sind die durchschlagenden Tonzungen derart an einer Seite der Stimmplatte angeordnet, daß der Spielwind gegen die Aufbiegung der Tonzunge gegen die Stimmplatte gerichtet ist, anderenfalls läßt sich die Tonzunge nicht zum Schwingen bringen. Für das Druck- und Zugwindspiel sind daher getrennte Tonzungen auf der einen und anderen Seite der Stimmplatte mit entsprechenden Aufbiegungen vorgesehen.In tongue musical instruments such as accordions and harmonica, it is known to use resounding tongues as tongue generators, which are arranged in the region of corresponding slots on reed plates assigned to the reed cells of a reed body and are bent away from the reed plate with their free end. In these known tongue musical instruments, the penetrating tongues are arranged on one side of the reed plate in such a way that the playing wind is directed against the bending of the reed against the reed plate, otherwise the tongue cannot be made to vibrate. For the pressure and draft wind game, separate tongues are therefore provided on one and the other side of the reed plate with corresponding bends.

Bei derartigen Zungenmusikinstrumenten ist es ferner bekannt, über den Stimmplatten eine Haube (Cassotto) o.dgl. anzuordnen, um bestimmte Klangfärbungen zu erreichen. Bei der Verwendung von durchschlagenden Tonzungen ist eine Beeinflussung der Klangfarbe jedoch nur in geringem Umfang möglich, weshalb sich die Klangfarben eines Harmoniums, Bandoniums, Akkordeons und einer Mundharmonika sehr ähneln. Veränderungen an den Tonzungen führen lediglich zu obertonärmeren Spektren auf Kosten der Ansprache.In such tongue musical instruments, it is also known to place a hood (cassotto) or the like over the reed plates. order to achieve certain sound colors. When using striking tongues, however, it is only possible to influence the timbre to a small extent, which is why the timbres of a harmonium, bandonium, accordion and a harmonica are very similar. Changes to the tongues only lead to spectra with fewer overtones at the expense of addressing.

Durchschlagende Tonzungen sind auch aus dem Orgelbau bekannt, konnten sich jedoch dort gegen aufschlagende Tonzungen nicht durchsetzen, da der typische Zungenklang nicht deutlich genug veränderbar ist. Bei Lingualpfeifen mit durchschlagenden Zungen entsteht im wesentlichen nur eine Klangfarbe, da verschiedene Becherformen wegen ihrer Abhängigkeit von der Tonzunge nur einen relativ geringen Einfluß auf den Klangcharakter haben.Striking tongues are also known from organ building, but could not assert themselves against striking tongues there, since the typical tongue sound cannot be changed clearly enough. In the case of lingual pipes with penetrating tongues, essentially only one sound color is produced, since different cup shapes have only a relatively minor influence on the sound character because of their dependence on the clay tongue.

So ist in dem CH-Buch "Handbuch der Orgelkunde", Benzinger & Co. AG, Einsiedeln/Schweiz, 1936, S. 283-291 und 318-324 die Verwendung von durchschlagenden Tonzungen für Lingualpfeifen von Orgeln beschrieben, wobei die Tonerzeugung derart erfolgt, daß beim Anblasen die nach außen aufgebogene Tonzunge durch den Blaswind aufgrund ihrer Elastizität entgegen ihrer Aufbiegung in den Schlitz ihres Zungenrahmens hineingedrückt wird, bis sie nach Erreichen einer Endstellung wieder zurückschnellt und so unter dem Strömungsdruck und ihrer Federkraft in Schwingung gerät. Durch einen Schallbecher kann zwar der von der Tonzunge erzeugte Ton geringfügig beeinflußt werden, jedoch dient der Schallbecher in erster Linie als Schalltrichter.For example, the CH book "Handbuch der Orgelkunde", Benzinger & Co. AG, Einsiedeln / Switzerland, 1936, pp. 283-291 and 318-324 describes the use of resounding tongues for lingual pipes of organs, the sound being generated in this way that when blowing the clay tongue bent outwards by the blowing wind due to its elasticity against its flexion is pressed into the slot of its tongue frame until it snaps back again after reaching an end position and thus vibrates under the flow pressure and its spring force. The sound produced by the tongue can be slightly influenced by a bell, but the bell serves primarily as a bell.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Zungengenerator der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, der eine Tonerzeugung mit einer in weiten Grenzen wählbaren Klangfarbe erlaubt.The object of the invention is to provide a reed generator of the type mentioned at the outset, which allows tone generation with a tone color which can be selected within wide limits.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß die Tonzunge und der zugehörige Schlitz im seitlichen Bereich eines kopfseitigen Abschnitts eines länglichen, fußseitig offenen und kopfseitig geschlossenen, einen Resonanzraum bildenden Resonanzhohlkörpers derart angeordnet ist, daß die Anregung der Tonzunge durch Blaswind entgegen der Eintauchrichtung im Schlitz erfolgt und eine den akustisch hörbaren Ton darstellende Kopplungsschwingung erzeugt wird, die näher am Eigenton des Resonanzhohlkörpers als am Eigenton der Tonzunge liegt.This object is achieved in that the clay tongue and the associated slot are arranged in the lateral region of a head-side section of an elongated resonance hollow body which is open on the foot side and closed on the head side and forms a resonance chamber in such a way that the sound tongue is excited by the wind against the direction of immersion in the slot and a coupling vibration representing the acoustically audible sound is generated, which is closer to the natural sound of the resonance hollow body than to the natural sound of the tongue.

Ein derartiger Zungengenerator besitzt eine Tonzungenanordnung, die bei bekannten Zungenmusikinstrumenten wie Akkordeon oder Mundharmonika keine Tonerzeugung ermöglichen würde, da die Tonzunge nicht gegen die Spielwindrichtung gebogen und daher bei diesen Instrumenten keiner Rückstellkraft unterliegen würde, durch die erst eine Schwingung ermöglicht wird. Im vorliegenden Fall wird die zur Schwingungserzeugung nötige Rückstellkraft von der Luftsäule hervorgerufen, die am geschlossenen Ende eines im wesentlichen rohrförmigen, die Tonzunge tragenden Resonators reflektiert wird. Die Tonzunge ist daher gerade oder insbesondere mit ihrem freien Ende einwärts in den Resonatorraum des Resonators gebogen und innenliegend angeordnet. Der Resonator beeinflußt dabei das resultierende Klangspektrum, so daß durch entsprechend gewählte Resonatoren die gewünschte Klangfarbe bestimmt werden kann. Hierbei entsteht als resultierende Frequenz eine Kopplungsfrequenz, die dem Eigenton des schwächer gedämpften Teils (das durch den Resonator gebildet wird, während die Tonzunge das stärke gedämpfte Teil des gekoppelten Systems darstellt) näher als dem Eigenton des stärker gedämpften Teils liegt. Dementsprechend wird die Kopplungsschwingung durch das weniger stark gedämpfte Luftvolumen des Resonators und damit maßgeblich von dessen wirksamer Länge und Form bestimmt. Durch die erzwungenen Schwingungen des Luftraumresonators können im Spektrum des abgestrahlten Klanges Obertöne der Tonzungenschwingungen zum Teil stark hervortreten, allerdings können diese Teiltöne in völlig anderer relativer Stärke als an der Tonzunge erscheinen. Je nach Frequenzlage und Dämpfung der Eigenschwingungen des Resonators können auch bestimmte Obertonbereiche gleichbleibender Tonhöhe (Formanten) verstärkt werden. So läßt sich eine klarinettenähnliche Klangfarbe durch kreiszylindrische Resonatoren und eine trompetenähnliche Klangfarbe durch Resonatoren in Form von trichterförmigen Bechern erzeugen.Such a reed generator has a reed arrangement, which would not allow sound generation in known reed musical instruments such as accordions or harmonica, since the reed would not be bent against the direction of the wind and therefore would not be subject to any restoring force in these instruments, which would only allow oscillation. In the present case, the restoring force required to generate vibrations is caused by the air column, which is reflected at the closed end of an essentially tubular resonator that carries the tongue. The tongue is therefore straight or, in particular, bent with its free end inwards into the resonator chamber of the resonator and arranged on the inside. The resonator influences the resulting sound spectrum, so that the desired tone color can be determined by appropriately selected resonators. This results in a coupling frequency as the resulting frequency, which is closer to the natural tone of the weakly damped part (which is formed by the resonator, while the tongue is the more strongly damped part of the coupled system) than the natural tone of the more damped part. Accordingly, the coupling vibration is determined by the less strongly damped air volume of the resonator and thus largely by its effective length and shape. Due to the forced vibrations of the airspace resonator, overtones of the tongues vibrations can appear strongly in the spectrum of the emitted sound, but these partials can appear in completely different relative strengths than on the tongues. Depending on the frequency position and damping of the natural vibrations of the resonator, certain overtone ranges of constant pitch (formants) can also be amplified. A clarinet-like tone can be transmitted through circular-cylindrical resonators and a trumpet-like tone Generate resonators in the form of funnel-shaped beakers.

Die derart angeordnete, mit einem Resonator gekoppelte Tonzunge liefert somit einen Klang, dem man die Herkunft von einer durchschlagenden Tonzunge nicht mehr anhört. Die weite Spanne zwischem leisestem Pianissimo und stärkstem Forte ist durch Anblasen mit Spielwind spielbar, ohne daß sich die Frequenz merklich ändert. Die Abstimmung des Tons wird durch Wahl der Länge des Resonanzhohlkörpers vorgenommen.The sound tongue arranged in this way and coupled to a resonator thus delivers a sound to which the origin of a penetrating sound tongue can no longer be heard. The wide range between the quietest pianissimo and the strongest forte can be played by blowing with a game wind without the frequency changing noticeably. The tone is tuned by choosing the length of the resonance hollow body.

Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.Further refinements of the invention can be found in the following description and the subclaims.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines in den beigefügten Abbildungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the accompanying figures.

Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen jeweils schematisch einen Längsschnitt eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines Zungengenerators.1 and 2 each schematically show a longitudinal section of an embodiment of a tongue generator.

Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Zungengenerator umfaßt einen länglichen, fußseitig offenen und kopfseitig geschlossenen, einen Resonanzraum 1 bildenden Resonanzhohlkörper 2 mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt, der im seitlichen Bereich eines kopfseitigen Abschnitts eine Öffnung 3 aufweist, die von einer einen Schlitz 5 aufweisenden Stimmplatte 6 abgedeckt ist, die eine den Schlitz 5 im wesentlichen abdeckende, durchschlagende, innenliegende Tonzunge 7 trägt. Die Tonzunge 7 erstreckt sich in Axialrichtung des Resonanzhohlkörpers 2, wobei das freie Ende der Tonzunge 7 vorzugsweise zum geschlossenen Ende des Resonanzhohlkörpers 2 gerichtet ist. Die Grundfrequenz der Tonzunge 7 entspricht in etwa der Resonanzfrequenz des Resonanzhohlkörpers 2.The tongue generator shown in FIG. 1 comprises an elongated resonance hollow body 2 with a circular cross section, which is open on the foot side and closed on the head side and forms a resonance chamber 1 and which has an opening 3 in the lateral region of a head-side section which is covered by a reed plate 6 having a slot 5 , which carries a slit 5 essentially covering, penetrating, inner tongue 7. The sound tongue 7 extends in the axial direction of the resonance hollow body 2, the free end of the sound tongue 7 preferably being directed towards the closed end of the resonance hollow body 2. The basic frequency of the tongue 7 corresponds approximately to the resonance frequency of the resonance hollow body 2.

Die Tonzunge 7 kann wahlweise (wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt) eine in den Resonanzraum 2 gerichtete Aufbiegung aufweisen oder gerade, d.h. parallel zum Schlitz 5 und damit zur Wandung des Resonanzhohlkörpers 2 verlaufen (vgl. Fig. 2).The tongue 7 can optionally (as shown in Fig. 1) have a bend directed into the resonance space 2 or straight, i.e. run parallel to the slot 5 and thus to the wall of the resonance hollow body 2 (cf. FIG. 2).

Die Tonzunge 7, eine Metall- oder Kunststoffzunge, kann auch direkt am Resonanzhohlkörper 2 angeordnet sein, der dann mit dem Schlitz 5 zu versehen ist, so daß man auf die Stimmplatte 6 verzichten kann. So kann der Resonanzhohlkörper 2 mit der Tonzunge 7 einstückig aus Kunststoff gespritzt sein.The sound tongue 7, a metal or plastic tongue, can also be arranged directly on the resonance hollow body 2, which is then to be provided with the slot 5, so that one can do without the reed plate 6. For example, the resonance hollow body 2 can be injection-molded in one piece with plastic from the tongue 7.

Bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist ferner an dem Resonanzhohlkörper 2 ein Anblasmundstück 8 vorgesehen, über das der Spielwind - erzeugt durch Hineinblasen mit dem Mund oder über einen Balg, Gebläse o.dgl. - an der Tonzunge 7 vorbei in den Resonanzhohlkörper 2 geleitet wird. Hierdurch wird die Tonzunge 7, die den Schlitz 5 unter Belassung eines geringen Spiels abdeckt, in Schwingung versetzt. Der erzeugbare Ton entspricht der resultierenden Kopplungsfrequenz von Tonzunge 7 und Resonanzhohlkörper 2.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a blowing mouthpiece 8 is also provided on the resonance hollow body 2, via which the play wind - generated by blowing in with the mouth or via a bellows, blower or the like. - Is passed past the tongue 7 into the resonance hollow body 2. As a result, the tongue 7, which covers the slot 5 while leaving little play, is set in vibration. The sound that can be generated corresponds to the resulting coupling frequency of the tongue 7 and the resonance hollow body 2.

Bei der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist der Resonanzhohlkörper 2 fußseitig sich trichterförmig erweiternd ausgebildet, wobei zusätzlich im trichterförmigen Bereich seitliche Öffnungen 9 vorgesehen sein könnnen, die die Klangfarbe zusätzlich beeinflussen.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the resonance hollow body 2 is designed to widen in the shape of a funnel on the foot side, wherein lateral openings 9 can additionally be provided in the funnel-shaped area, which additionally influence the timbre.

Eine Tonhöhenänderung kann durch Verändern der wirksamen Länge des Resonanzhohlkörpers 2 bzw. der darin schwingenden Luftsäule geschehen, indem die seitlichen Öffnungen 9 des die Schallröhre bildenden Resonanzhohlkörpers 2 durch einen Klappenmechanismus oder verstellbare Ringelemente gegebenenfalls mehr oder weniger geöffnet bzw. geschlossen werden und/oder der Resonanzhohlkörper 2 durch ein aufgesetztes, verschiebbares, rohrförmiges Ansatzstück verlängert wird. Hierdurch kann ein Stimmen bzw. Nachstimmen vorgenommen werden.A change in pitch can be done by changing the effective length of the resonance hollow body 2 or the air column vibrating therein, by opening or closing the lateral openings 9 of the resonance hollow body 2 forming the sound tube, more or less, if necessary, and / or the resonance hollow body by a flap mechanism or adjustable ring elements 2 is extended by an attached, slidable, tubular extension. As a result, a vote or re-vote can be carried out.

Anstelle einer Tonzunge 7 können mehrere Tonzungen 7 geringfügig voneinander verschiedener Grundfrequenz oder für eine Grundfreqenz und verschiedene Obertonfrequenzen nebeneinander angeordnet sein.Instead of a tongue 7, a plurality of tongues 7 can be arranged next to one another for a different fundamental frequency or for a fundamental frequency and different overtone frequencies.

Neben zylindrischen und trichterförmigen Formen des Resonanzhohlkörpers 2 sind auch alle zum Beispiel aus dem Orgelbau bekannten Becherformen verwendbar, etwa kurze oder längere Rohre mit und ohne Kröpfungen oder in sonstigen besonderen Becherformen. Als Materialien für den Resonanzhohlkörper 2 eignen sich Kunststoffe, Metalle, Holz oder sonstige aus dem Musikinstrumentenbau bekannte Werkstoffe.In addition to cylindrical and funnel-shaped shapes of the resonance hollow body 2, all cup shapes known for example from organ construction can also be used, for example short or longer tubes with and without crankings or in other special cup shapes. Suitable materials for the resonance hollow body 2 are plastics, metals, wood or other materials known from the construction of musical instruments.

Über Tasten, Klappen, Hebel und/oder Ventile kann der Spielwind zur Betätigung eines oder mehrerer Zungengeneratoren gesteuert werden.The game wind for actuating one or more reed generators can be controlled via buttons, flaps, levers and / or valves.

Claims (6)

1. Zungengenerator mit einer in einem Schlitz (5) angeordneten, durchschlagenden, gegebenenfalls an einer Stimmplatte (6) befindlichen Tonzunge (7) zur Klangerzeugung mittels Luftströmung für Musikinstrumente, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Tonzunge (7) und der zugehörige Schlitz (5) im seitlichen Bereich eines kopfseitigen Abschnitts eines länglichen, fußseitig offenen und kopfseitig geschlossenen, einen Resonanzraum (1) bildenden Resonanzhohlkörpers (2) derart angeordnet ist, daß die Anregung der Tonzunge (7) durch Blaswind entgegen der Eintauchrichtung im Schlitz (5) erfolgt und eine den akustisch hörbaren Ton darstellende Kopplungsschwingung erzeugt wird, die näher am Eigenton des Resonanzhohlkörpers (2) als am Eigenton der Tonzunge (7) liegt.1. Tongue generator with a piercing arranged in a slot (5), optionally on a reed plate (6) located tongue (7) for sound generation by means of air flow for musical instruments, characterized in that the tongue (7) and the associated slot (5) is arranged in the lateral area of a head-side section of an elongated resonance hollow body (2) which is open at the foot and closed at the head and forms a resonance chamber (1) in such a way that the sound tongue (7) is excited by a wind blowing against the direction of immersion in the slot (5) and one the coupling vibration representing the acoustically audible sound is generated, which is closer to the natural sound of the resonance hollow body (2) than to the natural sound of the tongue (7). 2. Zungengenerator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Tonzunge (7) innenliegend angeordnet mit ihrem freien Ende in den Resonanzraum hinein aufgebogen ist.2. Tongue generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the clay tongue (7) arranged inside is bent with its free end into the resonance chamber. 3. Zungengenerator nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Tonzunge (7) in Längsrichtung des Resonanzhohlkörpers (2) verläuft.3. Tongue generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the clay tongue (7) extends in the longitudinal direction of the resonance hollow body (2). 4. Zungengenerator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Tonzunge (7) eine Metall- oder Kunststoffzunge ist.4. Tongue generator according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the clay tongue (7) is a metal or plastic tongue. 5. Zungengenerator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, das der Resonanzhohlkörper (2) entsprechend den Schallbechern von Zungenpfeifen in trichterförmiger oder zylindrischer, kurz- oder langröhriger Bauart mit und ohne Kröpfungen ausgebildet ist.5. Tongue generator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the resonance hollow body (2) is designed in accordance with the sound cups of reed pipes in a funnel-shaped or cylindrical, short or long tube type with and without crankings. 6. Zungengenerator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Einrichtung zur Änderung der wirksamen Länge des Resonanzhohlkörpers (2) vorgesehen ist.6. Tongue generator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a device for changing the effective length of the resonance hollow body (2) is provided.
EP93117778A 1992-11-06 1993-11-03 Free reed generator Withdrawn EP0596462A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4237528A DE4237528C1 (en) 1992-11-06 1992-11-06 Tongue generator
DE4237528 1992-11-06

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP0596462A2 true EP0596462A2 (en) 1994-05-11
EP0596462A3 EP0596462A3 (en) 1995-10-18

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EP93117778A Withdrawn EP0596462A3 (en) 1992-11-06 1993-11-03 Free reed generator

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20317561U1 (en) * 2003-11-12 2005-03-31 Ltp Litschka Toys & Premiums G Musical pipe, for baked dough figures, is of a plastics which withstands baking temperatures and has a tongue or membrane at the mouthpiece to give sounds when blown through

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4340545C2 (en) * 1993-11-29 1996-07-18 Hohner Ag Matth Tongue musical instrument
DE4340544C2 (en) * 1993-11-29 1996-07-18 Hohner Ag Matth Tongue musical instrument
DE9409913U1 (en) * 1994-06-21 1994-08-18 Riha-Plastic GmbH, 79215 Biederbach Tongue generator for wind instruments
DE19513363C1 (en) * 1995-04-08 1996-03-21 Hohner Ag Matth Tongue generator for musical instrument

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR546830A (en) * 1921-11-19 1922-11-24 Improvements to wind musical instruments
US2594306A (en) * 1949-07-20 1952-04-29 Wurlitzer Co Organ reed construction

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2696136A (en) * 1951-05-10 1954-12-07 Rumonoski John Mount for two-way responding reeds

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR546830A (en) * 1921-11-19 1922-11-24 Improvements to wind musical instruments
US2594306A (en) * 1949-07-20 1952-04-29 Wurlitzer Co Organ reed construction

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20317561U1 (en) * 2003-11-12 2005-03-31 Ltp Litschka Toys & Premiums G Musical pipe, for baked dough figures, is of a plastics which withstands baking temperatures and has a tongue or membrane at the mouthpiece to give sounds when blown through

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0596462A3 (en) 1995-10-18
DE4237528C1 (en) 1994-01-20

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