EP0593942B1 - Accumulateur de chaleur pour le circuit de refroidissement de moteurs à combustion interne refroidis par un liquide - Google Patents

Accumulateur de chaleur pour le circuit de refroidissement de moteurs à combustion interne refroidis par un liquide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0593942B1
EP0593942B1 EP93115519A EP93115519A EP0593942B1 EP 0593942 B1 EP0593942 B1 EP 0593942B1 EP 93115519 A EP93115519 A EP 93115519A EP 93115519 A EP93115519 A EP 93115519A EP 0593942 B1 EP0593942 B1 EP 0593942B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat
cooling circuit
liquid
cooling
storage medium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93115519A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0593942A1 (fr
Inventor
Markus Dipl.-Ing. Eibl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler Benz AG
Original Assignee
Daimler Benz AG
Mercedes Benz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler Benz AG, Mercedes Benz AG filed Critical Daimler Benz AG
Publication of EP0593942A1 publication Critical patent/EP0593942A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0593942B1 publication Critical patent/EP0593942B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
    • F02N19/04—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
    • F02N19/10—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines by heating of engine coolants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/14—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
    • F01P11/20—Indicating devices; Other safety devices concerning atmospheric freezing conditions, e.g. automatically draining or heating during frosty weather
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/20—Cooling circuits not specific to a single part of engine or machine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P9/00—Cooling having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P7/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P2007/146—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/14—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
    • F01P2011/205—Indicating devices; Other safety devices using heat-accumulators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooling circuit for liquid-cooled internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1, as is common in vehicle construction (see SU-A-1129392).
  • the capacity of the air / liquid heat exchanger and the amount of coolant present must be designed so large that sufficient heat is dissipated from the engine block even at peak load, for example at low driving speeds on steep sections in full load operation at high air temperatures, and this does not exceed its maximum operating temperature.
  • the amount of coolant and air / liquid heat exchanger have to be oversized for the needs of normal operation. They therefore take up a larger installation space and have a larger mass than a cooling circuit designed for normal operation.
  • latent heat accumulators in which in a thermally insulated container through which the coolant flows a storage medium separated from the coolant but in heat exchange with it the operation of the vehicle is warmed.
  • the energy stored in the storage medium is returned to the cooling circuit when the vehicle is cold started.
  • storage media are preferred which have a phase transition in a temperature range below the normal operating temperature of the cooling liquid and whose specific heat of evaporation or melting is as large as possible.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the generic cooling circuit in such a way that the dimensioning of the amount of coolant and the air / liquid heat exchanger can be matched to the needs of normal operation and yet an adequate dissipation of the engine heat is guaranteed at peak loads.
  • a heat buffer is arranged in the cooling circuit and contains a heat storage medium which is in heat exchange with the cooling liquid of the cooling circuit.
  • the heat storage medium is selected so that it is subject to a phase change in the upper operating temperature range of the coolant, but at most 10 ° C. above the maximum permissible operating temperature. If the operating temperature of the coolant exceeds the temperature of the phase transition, the heat storage medium extracts a large amount of energy from the coolant due to the phase transition taking place and prevents further heating of the coolant until the phase transition is complete. In order to ensure a high energy consumption, preference will be given to those heat media which have a large specific heat of fusion or evaporation.
  • the phase transition temperature of the heat storage medium must not be above the maximum permissible operating temperature of the coolant, but must be in the range of the normal operating temperature of the coolant. In order to prevent premature cooling of the latent heat storage, it is well thermally insulated from the outside.
  • the thermal buffer should have good thermal conductivity in order to release part of the energy absorbed into the ambient air and thus finally remove it from the cooling circuit.
  • the heat buffer is also regenerated via the cooling circuit as soon as its capacity is no longer fully used by the internal combustion engine.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a heat accumulator.
  • the heat storage medium 21 is housed in chambers 24.
  • the cooling liquid 2 flows around the chambers.
  • the shape of the chambers and the heat storage 20 is designed so that the flow rate of the cooling liquid 2 in the heat storage 20 is low and that the largest possible contact area between the chambers 24 and the Coolant 2 exists.
  • cooling fins 22 are arranged on the outside of the heat accumulator.
  • heat storage medium For example, sodium can be used, whose melting point of 97.8 ° C is close to the boiling point of the water usually used as a cooling liquid and whose specific heat of fusion with 113 kJ / kg ensures high energy consumption. Other heat storage media are also possible.
  • the quotient of specific melting or evaporation heat and the specific weight should be used as a selection criterion for the suitable heat storage medium, since this is a measure of the required mass of the storage medium.
  • FIGS 2a) to 2d) show different schematic representations of a cooling circuit, which are common with each different arrangement of the heat accumulator 20 in the cooling circuit.
  • the underlying cooling circuit is common to all four figures.
  • the water is pumped by the circulation pump 6 into the engine block 1, in which it is heated.
  • the coolant temperature is measured in the thermostat 7 and possibly the coolant throughput is regulated.
  • the coolant is fed to the air / liquid heat exchanger 3 - hereinafter referred to as cooler 3 - via the feed 4.
  • the coolant is returned to the circulation pump 6 via the return 5.
  • the coupling of the heat accumulator 20 to the cooling circuit takes place via a control valve 23.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b show two examples of a serial arrangement of the heat buffer 20 with respect to the cooler 3.
  • the heat buffer 20 is arranged as a branch from the return 5 via the control valve 23.
  • the coolant coming from the cooler is alternatively fed directly to the circulation pump 6 fed or first supplied to the heat buffer 20 in order to then also get to the circulation pump 6.
  • This arrangement of the heat buffer 20 in the cooling circuit is particularly useful when the phase transition temperature of the heat storage medium is below the maximum permissible operating temperature of the coolant temperature.
  • FIG. 2 b shows an arrangement in which the cooling liquid, again controlled by a control valve 23, before it reaches the cooler 3, can be fed to the heat accumulator 20.
  • the arrangement shown in FIG. 2c differs from FIG. 2b only in that the cooling liquid passed through the heat buffer 20 is no longer fed to the cooler 3, but is instead fed directly to the circulation pump 6.
  • These two arrangements of the heat buffer are particularly useful when the phase transition temperature of the heat storage medium is above or near the maximum permissible operating temperature of the coolant.
  • FIG. 2d shows an alternative arrangement in which the heat buffer 20, again controllable via the control valve 23, is integrated in the coolant flow of the engine block. This arrangement is also particularly useful if the phase transition temperature of the heat storage medium is above or close to the maximum operating temperature of the cooling liquid.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Circuit de refroidissement d'un moteur à combustion interne (1) refroidi par liquide, servant en particulier à l'entraînement d'un véhicule utilitaire
    - comprenant des surfaces d'échange de chaleur intégrées au moteur, formées par une enveloppe de liquide et transférant la chaleur évacuée du moteur au liquide de refroidissement (2),
    - comprenant au moins un échangeur de chaleur air/liquide (3) balayé par l'air ambiant et abandonnant la chaleur évacuée du moteur à l'atmosphère,
    - comprenant des conduits d'alimentation et de reflux (4, 5) qui relient l'enveloppe du liquide du moteur à combustion interne et l'échangeur de chaleur air/liquide à un circuit fermé de refroidissement et
    - comprenant une pompe de circulation (6) disposée dans le circuit de refroidissement pour le maintien d'une circulation de liquide à l'intérieur du circuit de refroidissement, un accumulateur de chaleur (20), qui est disposé dans le circuit de refroidissement, contenant un fluide accumulateur de chaleur (21) qui est en échange de chaleur avec le liquide de refroidissement (2) du circuit de refroidissement et qui est séparé du liquide de refroidissement (2), le fluide accumulateur de chaleur (21) pouvant effectuer un nombre arbitraire de changements de phase, en particulier entre l'état solide et l'état liquide et inversement, caractérisé en ce que la température de changement de phase se trouve dans la plage supérieure de la température de service du liquide de refroidissement (2) et une bonne conductibilité thermique existe entre l'accumulateur de chaleur (20) et l'air ambiant.
  2. Circuit de refroidissement selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé
    en ce que la température de changement de phase est au maximum de 10 degrés, de préférence au maximum de 3 degrés supérieure à la température maximale admissible de service du liquide de refroidissement.
  3. Circuit de refroidissement selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le fluide accumulateur de chaleur (21) est une cire, un métal à bas point de fusion, par exemple du sodium ou un sel en solution dans de l'eau, ou un ion en solution, en particulier de l'hydroxyde de baryum.
  4. Circuit de refroidissement selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé
    en ce que l'accumulateur de chaleur (20) comporte sur le côté extérieur des ailettes de refroidissement (22) abandonnant de la chaleur et exposées au vent relatif.
  5. Circuit de refroidissement selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé
    en ce que l'accumulateur de chaleur (20) est disposé en parallèle avec l'échangeur de chaleur air/liquide (3) à l'intérieur du circuit de refroidissent.
  6. Circuit de refroidissement selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé
    en ce que l'accumulateur de chaleur (20) est disposé en série avec l'échangeur de chaleur air/liquide (3) à l'intérieur du circuit de refroidissement.
  7. Circuit de refroidissement selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisé
    en ce que la température de changement de phase du fluide accumulateur de chaleur (21) est supérieure à la température maximale admissible de service du liquide de refroidissement (2) et en ce que l'accumulateur de chaleur (20) est disposé dans le conduit d'alimentation (4) transportant la chaleur évacuée du moteur de l'enveloppe du liquide du moteur à combustion interne vers l'échangeur de chaleur air/liquide (3).
  8. Circuit de refroidissement selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisé
    en ce que la température de changement de phase du fluide accumulateur de chaleur (21) est inférieure à la température maximale admissible de service du liquide de refroidissement (2) et en ce que l'accumulateur de chaleur (20) est disposé dans le conduit de reflux (5) qui renvoie le liquide de refroidissement (2) refroidi par l'échangeur de chaleur air/liquide (3) dans le moteur à combustion interne.
  9. Circuit de refroidissement selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé
    en ce que l'accumulateur de chaleur (20) est balayé plus ou moins fortement par le liquide de refroidissement (2) au moyen d'un distributeur de commande (23) commandé de préférence en fonction d'une température.
EP93115519A 1992-10-23 1993-09-25 Accumulateur de chaleur pour le circuit de refroidissement de moteurs à combustion interne refroidis par un liquide Expired - Lifetime EP0593942B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4235883A DE4235883C2 (de) 1992-10-23 1992-10-23 Kühlkreislauf von flüssigkeitsgekühlten Brennkraftmaschinen mit Wärmepuffer
DE4235883 1992-10-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0593942A1 EP0593942A1 (fr) 1994-04-27
EP0593942B1 true EP0593942B1 (fr) 1996-07-24

Family

ID=6471226

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93115519A Expired - Lifetime EP0593942B1 (fr) 1992-10-23 1993-09-25 Accumulateur de chaleur pour le circuit de refroidissement de moteurs à combustion interne refroidis par un liquide

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0593942B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE140765T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE4235883C2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19500607C2 (de) * 1995-01-11 2000-02-17 Richard Ambros Anordnung eines Latentwärmespeichers für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE19521292A1 (de) * 1995-06-10 1996-12-12 Opel Adam Ag Kreislauf für eine Wärmeübertragungsflüssigkeit einer mit einem Wärmespeicher zusammenarbeitenden Brennkraftmaschine
DE19615509B4 (de) * 1996-04-19 2006-03-23 Pierburg Gmbh Heizung oder Klimaanlage eines Kraftfahrzeugs
DE19654495A1 (de) * 1996-12-18 1998-06-25 Burkhard Dipl Ing Schmidt Wärmespeicher für Kühlwasser im Kfz
DE19700674C2 (de) * 1997-01-10 1999-03-11 Richard Ambros Sicherheitskraftfahrzeug mit Latentwärmespeicher und Standheizung
FR2864148B1 (fr) * 2003-12-23 2006-06-09 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Dispositif de regulation thermique de fluides circulant dans un vehicule a moteur thermique et procede mis en oeuvre par ce dispositif
DE102006010247B4 (de) 2006-03-02 2019-12-19 Man Truck & Bus Se Antriebseinheit mit Wärmerückgewinnung
DE102010003688A1 (de) 2010-04-07 2011-10-13 Dbk David + Baader Gmbh Kühlmittelkreislauf, Verfahren zum Steuern eines Kühlmittelkreislaufs und Latentwärmespeicher
DE102011007186A1 (de) * 2011-04-12 2012-10-18 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Innenraum-Heizeinrichtung für ein Fahrzeug
DE102011050199A1 (de) * 2011-05-06 2012-11-08 Dbk David + Baader Gmbh Kühlmittelkreislauf
DE102011050200A1 (de) 2011-05-06 2012-11-08 Dbk David + Baader Gmbh Wärmespeicher

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1576746A1 (de) * 1967-08-18 1970-11-05 Lokomotivbau Elektrotech Abgeschlossene Fluessigkeitskuehleinrichtung fuer Brennkraftmaschinen
DE1805862A1 (de) * 1967-10-30 1969-07-10 Wistisen Preben Christian Vorrichtung an Brennkraftmaschinen zur Vermeidung von Kaltstart
DE3720319A1 (de) * 1987-06-19 1989-01-05 Lothar Dipl Ing Griesser Verfahren und anordnung zur enteisung der scheiben und vorwaermung von personenwagen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE140765T1 (de) 1996-08-15
DE4235883A1 (de) 1994-04-28
DE4235883C2 (de) 1995-04-13
EP0593942A1 (fr) 1994-04-27

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