EP0588773A1 - Verfahren zum Brennen von Dachziegeln in Rollenherdofen und Pressdachziegel zum Durchführen dieses Verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Brennen von Dachziegeln in Rollenherdofen und Pressdachziegel zum Durchführen dieses Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0588773A1
EP0588773A1 EP93830372A EP93830372A EP0588773A1 EP 0588773 A1 EP0588773 A1 EP 0588773A1 EP 93830372 A EP93830372 A EP 93830372A EP 93830372 A EP93830372 A EP 93830372A EP 0588773 A1 EP0588773 A1 EP 0588773A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tile
tiles
roller
plane
edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93830372A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0588773B1 (de
Inventor
Alberto Castelfranco
M. Frieder Teichgräber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TEICHGRAEBER GMBH
Sacmi Forni SpA
Original Assignee
Teichgraber GmbH
Poppi SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from ITMO920122A external-priority patent/IT1259997B/it
Priority claimed from DE9212961U external-priority patent/DE9212961U1/de
Application filed by Teichgraber GmbH, Poppi SpA filed Critical Teichgraber GmbH
Publication of EP0588773A1 publication Critical patent/EP0588773A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0588773B1 publication Critical patent/EP0588773B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/243—Setting, e.g. drying, dehydrating or firing ceramic articles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/29—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements
    • E04D1/2907—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections
    • E04D1/2914—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections having fastening means or anchors at juncture of adjacent roofing elements
    • E04D1/2916—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections having fastening means or anchors at juncture of adjacent roofing elements the fastening means taking hold directly on adjacent elements of the same row
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/02—Grooved or vaulted roofing elements
    • E04D1/04—Grooved or vaulted roofing elements of ceramics, glass or concrete, with or without reinforcement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/29—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements
    • E04D1/2907—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections
    • E04D1/2914—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections having fastening means or anchors at juncture of adjacent roofing elements
    • E04D1/2918—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections having fastening means or anchors at juncture of adjacent roofing elements the fastening means taking hold directly on adjacent elements of succeeding rows
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/29—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements
    • E04D1/2907—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections
    • E04D1/2956—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections having tongues and grooves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D5/00—Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/24—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor
    • F27B9/2407—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor the conveyor being constituted by rollers (roller hearth furnace)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
    • F27M2001/00—Composition, conformation or state of the charge
    • F27M2001/15—Composition, conformation or state of the charge characterised by the form of the articles
    • F27M2001/1504—Ceramic articles
    • F27M2001/1508—Articles of relatively small dimensions
    • F27M2001/1517—Tiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
    • F27M2002/00—Disposition of the charge
    • F27M2002/01—Disposition of the charge in one layer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for firing rooftiles in roller hearth kilns, and rooftiles made by pressing with a ceramic material, including a central zone and an overlapping bend, particularly for carrying out the method.
  • the invention is useful in firing rooftiles of the type known as Portuguese tiles or pantiles, or the like.
  • Pantiles comprise plain tiles with a straight central zone and a bent zone for overlapping an adjacent tile, or plain hollow tiles with a slight S-shape, or Roman tiles with a straight central zone and a large-radius bent overlapping zone. All of the tiles are characterised by complex shapes, and they are not singly provided with flat surfaces permitting of simple and sure resting on roller type continuous conveyors.
  • one commonly adopted solution is that of tunnel kilns using traditional cars loaded with the piled material, or using special auxiliary firing means constituted by supports made in U-shaped crates made in refractory material, each predisposed to receive a certain number of tiles, normally stacked vertically.
  • the supports can be piled one on the other to form several tile layers.
  • Other realisations envisage tunnel kilns of the single layer type in which only one layer of tiles is formed on the cars, which tiles are arranged lying vertical and kept in that position by special support elements made in refractory material provided on the car.
  • tunnel kilns are envisaged but with the use of cars whereon the tiles are piled, lying horizontally, by means of special supports which can be jointed one on top of the other to form a pile.
  • each tile rests on and is supported by its own refractory support, the presence of which guarantees, during firing, a perfect maintenance of the shape of the tile and thus a successful end product.
  • All the prior art solutions for firing tiles require the housing of tiles in piles on cars in the tunnel kiln, with or without the use of refractory supports through which it is possible to perform the loading of the tiles on the cars.
  • a principal aim of the present invention is to obviate the drawbacks and limits of the prior art realisations, through a method permitting of firing in particular complex-shape tiles in roller-hearth kilns without the need to use special auxiliary supports for firing the tiles.
  • the object of the invention is attained by a roof tile made by pressing with a ceramic material, including a central zone and an overlapping bend, which is characterised in tht on a bottom side of the tile at least two reinforcing running ribs are provided for resting the tile onthe rollers of a roller hearth kiln, and on an upper side of the tile and in the area of a longitudinal edge of the tile.
  • a laying plane for an external inferior edge of the overlapping bend of an identical contiguous tile On an opposite side of the overlapping bend there is provided a laying plane for an external inferior edge of the overlapping bend of an identical contiguous tile. Pressed roof tiles formed in this way may be continuously fed through the roller hearth kiln without the use of any special auxiliary supports such that the tiles are securely supported by the running ribs on the rollers of the trollers hearth kiln and by the inferior edge of the overlapping bend resting on the laying plane of the preceding tile. It is important that in the supporting area of the inferior edge of overlapping bend no overlaoad of material occurs.
  • the running ribs preferably extend in transversal direction of the tile, but may also extend in longitudinal directions.
  • the tiles 1, laid with their relative ribs 12 on the rollers 3, are consecutively coupled one to the next in such a way that the lateral overlapping edge 13 of a single tile 1 is inserted into the joint seating 14 of the immediately following tile 1.
  • This arrangement reproduces the configuration which will be used when the tiles are actually laid on a roof.
  • the coupling of the tiles 1 to form a chain can be easily realised according to the embodiment shown in figure 5, by means of the use of projecting elements 15 in the form of a shelf from the lateral edge of each single tile 1 opposite to the lateral overlapping edge 13.
  • the elements 15, for example two in number exhibit two prongs at their ends which describe joint seatings 16 for coupling with the lateral overlapping edges 13.
  • the presence of the projecting elements 15 made on the piece does not prejudice the functionality of the tile 1 and allows an ordered line of tiles 1 to be created, in which the lateral overlapping edge 13 of a tile 1 can rest couplingly on the elements 15 of the following tile 1 without interfering with the zones of the functional elements of the tile 1 itself, that is, without being and remaining directly coupled and inserted, during the firing phase, in the joint seating 14 which is destined to receive the lateral overlapping edge 13 when laid.
  • the arrangement realises, thanks to the presence of the ribs 12 and the possiblity of the lateral overlapping edges' 13 stable resting of the single tiles 1 arranged in a line and coupled one consecutively to the other on any roller conveyor, and thus, in particular, on the roller planes usually used in roller hearth kilns for firing ceramic materials.
  • the stability of the arrangement adopted is such that the tiles 1 maintain, during the firing process, together with a correct orientation with respect to the rollers, also all the characteristics of shape and function that are indispensable for their correct functioning when laid.
  • the tile comprises a central zone 101 and by an overlapping bend 102.
  • On the bottom side there are three running ribs 103 arranged transversally with respect to the longitudinal direction of the tile, with horizontal laying planes 104 for resting on the rollers of a roller hearth kiln.
  • the length of the laying planes 104 of the ribs 103, at least on the side of the head and the foot of the tile, is greater than double the axial distance between two rollers of the roller hearth kiln.
  • the running ribs 103 further comprise by inclined surfaces 105 for easy insertion on the rollers of the roller hearth kiln.
  • a laying surface 107 is envisaged for the external inferior edge 108 of the overlapping bend 109 of a similar tile.
  • the laying surface 107 is provided with two projections 109 on the opposite side from the overlapping bend 102, which projections 109 are formed on the longitudinal edge 106 of the tile opposite to the overlapping bend 102.
  • Each of the projections 109 further exhibits a locking rib 110 projecting from the laying plane 107, which guarantees a perfect blocking of two tiles when the laying surface 107 and the inferior edge of the overlapping bend 108 of an adjacent tile is arranged on the laying plane 107.
  • Figure 12 shows a section of a Roman tile according to the invention, with the overlapping bend 102 of the adjacent Roman tile laying on it during the passage through the roller hearth kiln.
  • the Roman tile is distinct from the hollow plain tile described in figures from 8 to 11 because it does not exhibit projections 109, but rather is provided with an according laying surface 111 for the inferior edge of the overlapping bend 102 adjacent to a lateral upper rib 112. All of the other characteristics correspond to those described for figures from 8 to 11.
  • Figure 13 shows a plain barrel tile according to the invention in a similar view to the Roman tile of figure 12. No projections 109 are envisaged here, and the laying surface 111 of the inferior projection of the overlapping bend 108 is formed by the bottom of the external lateral groove.
  • figure 14 shows a hollow plain tile according to the invention, shown like the Roman tile of figure 12 and the plain barrel tile of figure 13.
  • This hollow plain tile also has no projections 109.
  • the laying surface 111 for the inferior edge 108 of the overlapping bend 102 is structured as the bottom of an external lateral groove situated lower, adjacent to the lateral upper rib 112.
  • an additional laying surface can be provided for the external projection 108 of its overlapping bend 102, on a separate shaped ceramic piece (not illustrated).
  • Both the laying surface 107 and the laying surface 111 of the inferior projection of the overlapping bend 108 are structured and arranged in such a way as not to lead, during firing in a roller hearth kiln, to an overload of the material.
  • Another possible alternative is to arrange the ribs 103 longitudinally with respect to the tile and to equip the roller hearth kiln with additional support rollers for the inferior edge 108 of the overlapping bend 102 at least in the softening zone of the roller hearth kiln.
EP93830372A 1992-09-15 1993-09-13 Verfahren zum Brennen von Dachziegeln in Rollenherdofen und Pressdachziegel zum Durchführen dieses Verfahrens Expired - Lifetime EP0588773B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMO920122A IT1259997B (it) 1992-09-15 1992-09-15 Metodo per la cottura di tegole in forni del tipo a rulli.
ITMO920122 1992-09-15
DE9212961U DE9212961U1 (de) 1992-09-25 1992-09-25
DE9212961U 1992-09-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0588773A1 true EP0588773A1 (de) 1994-03-23
EP0588773B1 EP0588773B1 (de) 1999-12-01

Family

ID=25959975

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93830372A Expired - Lifetime EP0588773B1 (de) 1992-09-15 1993-09-13 Verfahren zum Brennen von Dachziegeln in Rollenherdofen und Pressdachziegel zum Durchführen dieses Verfahrens

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0588773B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH06200593A (de)
CN (1) CN1080868C (de)
AT (1) ATE187242T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69327143T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2141757T3 (de)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE66526C (de) * H. BOLZE & CO. in Braunschweig Falzziegel
FR347501A (fr) * 1904-10-28 1905-03-13 Gentil Soc Carreaux céramiques partiellement émaillés, permettant la cuisson par empilage
US2762618A (en) * 1951-06-18 1956-09-11 Thermal Res And Engineering Co Billet heating furnace
US3830625A (en) * 1973-09-17 1974-08-20 Ceramic Tile Co Method and apparatus for fast firing glazed ceramic tile trim
GB2018962A (en) * 1978-03-24 1979-10-24 Welko Ind Spa Method and apparatus for protecting ceramic tiles or the like and refractory rollers in a rollers in a roller tunnelike and refractory rollers in a rollers in a roller tunnelkiln
DE9212961U1 (de) * 1992-09-25 1992-11-26 Teichgraeber Gmbh, 8011 Grasbrunn, De
EP0519212A1 (de) * 1991-06-19 1992-12-23 Ceric Anlagenbau GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung von Dachziegeln sowie nach diesem Verfahren hergestellte Dachziegel
DE4200012A1 (de) * 1992-01-02 1993-07-08 Erlus Baustoffwerke Dach-falzziegel und verfahren zum brennen desselben

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE66526C (de) * H. BOLZE & CO. in Braunschweig Falzziegel
FR347501A (fr) * 1904-10-28 1905-03-13 Gentil Soc Carreaux céramiques partiellement émaillés, permettant la cuisson par empilage
US2762618A (en) * 1951-06-18 1956-09-11 Thermal Res And Engineering Co Billet heating furnace
US3830625A (en) * 1973-09-17 1974-08-20 Ceramic Tile Co Method and apparatus for fast firing glazed ceramic tile trim
GB2018962A (en) * 1978-03-24 1979-10-24 Welko Ind Spa Method and apparatus for protecting ceramic tiles or the like and refractory rollers in a rollers in a roller tunnelike and refractory rollers in a rollers in a roller tunnelkiln
EP0519212A1 (de) * 1991-06-19 1992-12-23 Ceric Anlagenbau GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung von Dachziegeln sowie nach diesem Verfahren hergestellte Dachziegel
DE4200012A1 (de) * 1992-01-02 1993-07-08 Erlus Baustoffwerke Dach-falzziegel und verfahren zum brennen desselben
DE9212961U1 (de) * 1992-09-25 1992-11-26 Teichgraeber Gmbh, 8011 Grasbrunn, De

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE187242T1 (de) 1999-12-15
CN1089676A (zh) 1994-07-20
JPH06200593A (ja) 1994-07-19
DE69327143T2 (de) 2000-04-20
EP0588773B1 (de) 1999-12-01
DE69327143D1 (de) 2000-01-05
ES2141757T3 (es) 2000-04-01
CN1080868C (zh) 2002-03-13

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