EP0588439A1 - Procédé de préparation d'articles à base d'aluminium - Google Patents

Procédé de préparation d'articles à base d'aluminium Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0588439A1
EP0588439A1 EP93202681A EP93202681A EP0588439A1 EP 0588439 A1 EP0588439 A1 EP 0588439A1 EP 93202681 A EP93202681 A EP 93202681A EP 93202681 A EP93202681 A EP 93202681A EP 0588439 A1 EP0588439 A1 EP 0588439A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aluminium
powder form
sintering
hardener
billets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93202681A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Johannes Sebastianus Hubertus Giesberts
Johannes Jacobus Zitman
Jerzy Duszczyk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mifa Aluminium BV
Original Assignee
Mifa Aluminium BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mifa Aluminium BV filed Critical Mifa Aluminium BV
Publication of EP0588439A1 publication Critical patent/EP0588439A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/09—Mixtures of metallic powders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/12—Metallic powder containing non-metallic particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0036—Matrix based on Al, Mg, Be or alloys thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of manufacturing objects containing aluminium, by starting from aluminium and other metals in powder form, and 0.5-50 vol.% additives, mixing said starting materials, densifying them, binding the particles together and carrying out a moulding process.
  • This method is known from EP-A-0 213 113 according to which sintered molded objects have been produced from an aluminium-sinter mixture to which one added powdery adding substances having a size of 30 - 300 ⁇ m in an amount of 0.5 - 50 vol.%, which mixture is pressed to an intermediate-object, heated till the sinter temperature below the melting point of aluminium and sintered under a protecting atmosphere.
  • a powdery adding substance oxides and/or silicates have been used such as glass beads or zirconium silicate. It appeared that the objects as such obtained have mechanical properties such as strength and elongation which can be improved.
  • an aluminium comprising alloy in which ceramic particles have been divided, which material has been used as a substrate for a semiconductor.
  • This known material is composed from 50 - 65 vol.% aluminium or aluminium alloy and a maximum amount of about 10 vol.% binding agent and the remaining part is ceramic particles.
  • the further metallic component also is at least one metallic element.
  • degassing and sintering has been carried out in two separate steps.
  • EP-A-0 240 251 a method of preparing a composite metal matrix containing aluminium, magnesium or alloys thereof and a hardener is known, wherein the hot isostatic compression takes place by charging the material to a container of pure aluminium, in which a sub-atmospheric pressure is generated in order to carry out degassing and the content of the container is heated at 550 °C at a pressure of 10 ⁇ 3 torr for 2 hours.
  • the object of the present invention is to obtain a more efficient method of manufacturing objects containing aluminium, which method can be carried out in a simpler and cheaper manner whilst maintaining or improving the mechanical properties of the objects obtained.
  • the degassing and compression in an aluminium container is a frequently used method which is known per se, which method is inter alia also known from US Patents 4,946,500 and 4,933,007.
  • the container used thereby is made of soft aluminium or an alloy thereof (canning material), which is removed from the semimanufactured product (a bar or a billet) after processing.
  • the method according to the invention does not use such a canning process.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that one starts with metals in their elementary condition in which besides aluminium up to 6.0 wt.% copper, up to 3.5 wt.% magnesium, up to 1.0 wt.% silicon, up to 5.5 wt.% zinc, up to 10.0 wt.% tin, and/or up to 6.0 wt.% nickel as element in powder form has been added and a ceramic hardener in particulate form in an amount of 5-20 vol.% pre-treated by annealing-drying in order to decrease the amount of hydrogen, followed by cold isotatic compression of the mixture into billets, which are subsequently degassed and sintered, whereby said degassing and said sintering take place in one heat treatment and whereby finally the sintered product is subjected to a heat treating process and cooled.
  • SiC in powder form or Al2O3 in powder form or fibrous Al2O3 is used as the hardener.
  • the ceramic hardener is pre-treated by annealing-drying at 550 - 650 °C in an inert atmosphere for 1 - 4 hours.
  • said degassing-sintering is carried out in one step in an atmosphere preferably consisting of argon and/or nitrogen, by heating at a rate of 2 - 6 °C/min and sintering at 580-640 °C for 30 - 90 minutes.
  • the hardener in particulate form such as SiC, powdered or fibrous Al2O3 or Si3N4, is subjected to an annealing-drying process prior to mixing the hardener with the elementary metal in powder form.
  • Said annealing-drying process is carried out at a temperature of 550 - 650 °C for 1 - 4 hours, in an atmosphere containing argon and/or nitrogen, followed by quick cooling in the air whilst flushing with nitrogen.
  • Said annealing-drying process is carried out in order to remove any moisture and hydrogen included at the surface of the ceramic hardener.
  • the upper limit of 650 °C has been selected because the subsequent sintering takes place at a temperature of up to about 650 °C.
  • the inert atmosphere of nitrogen and/or argon is used in order to prevent the readsorption of moisture during the cooling process in the air and the subsequent mixing.
  • the matrix compositions are: Al - (4.0 - 6.0) Cu - (0.5 - 1.0) Mg - (0.5 - 1.0) Si Al - (0.1 - 0.5) Cu - (1.0 - 1.5) Mg - (0.2 - 0.5) Si Al - (0.5 - 1.5) Cu - (1.0 - 3.5) Mg - (0.5 - 5.5) Zn Al - (1.0 - 2.0) Cu - (7.0 - 10 ) Sn - (0.5 - 1.0) Ni
  • the metals are used as powdered metals in elementary condition, because they are 5 - 15 times as cheap as the alloys of the desired metal compounds, obtained by pulverizing or by grinding techniques while supplying a great deal of energy.
  • the particle size of the elementary powders is less than 200 ⁇ m, with an average particle size close to that of ceramic particles, namely 25 ⁇ m.
  • the elementary powders and the hardeners in powder form are mixed in a mixer of the "turbula" type.
  • the compound containing a hardener in the form of short fibres is dry mixed in a ball mill.
  • the amount of hardener in particulate form varies from 5 to 20%, whilst an amount of 10 vol.% is preferred for compounds having a certain resistance to wear.
  • the billets are degassed and sintered in a combined cycle, in a protecting atmosphere of argon and/or nitrogen. It is not necessary to use a vacuum or canning thereby.
  • the degassing is according to the invention incorporated in the sintering cycle, because according to the invention it is necessary to limit the presence of gases, in particular hydrogen, in the billet.
  • gases in particular hydrogen
  • the properties of the compound may be affected, as a result of which the compound may for example exhibit blistering after being subjected to the subsequent heat treatment or during the processing of the billets at an elevated temperature.
  • the sintering of the elements in powder form, whereby a liquid phase is formed takes place in order to achieve that a matrix of an alloy is formed within a short period of time as a result of the quick transport of the atoms through the liquid phase.
  • the liquid phase During the formation of the liquid phase the thin but highly stable oxide film, which is always present on the surface of the aluminium particles, is disturbed and a good binding of the particles is obtained as a result of the subsequent necking, whereby the liquid phase facilitates the transport of materials.
  • This liquid phase also makes it easier to obtain an excellent quality of the interface between the metal matrix and the ceramic hardener.
  • a eutectic liquid phase is formed as a result of the reaction of aluminium with elements in powder form, such as Cu, Mg, Si, Zn and Sn.
  • the development of hydrogen takes place during the heating of the billet from room temperature to the sintering temperature, which varies between 580 °C and 640 °C, dependent on the composition of the alloy.
  • the rate at which heating takes place varies from 2 - 6 °C/min, and sintering is carried out for a period of 30 - 90 minutes, depending on the degree of homogenization, the formation of the matrix alloy and depending on the dimensions of the billets.
  • the method is carried out in ovens normally used for homogenizing billets, before the extrusion takes place. After sintering the billet is cooled down to a temperature of 20 - 30 °C, possibly outside the oven in the air, or to extrusion temperature, when said extrusion takes place contiguous to sintering.
  • the hardener was powdered SiC (1), powdered Al2O3 (2) and fibrous Al2O3 (3). These hardeners were first dried by annealing at 600 °C for 3.5 hours, in order to evolute the entrapped hydrogen.
  • this hardener was mixed, in an amount of 10 vol.%, with elements in powder form, such as aluminium, 4.5 wt.% Cu, 0.5 wt.% Mg and 0.7 wt.% Si.
  • the mixture was subjected to cold isostatic compression at ambient temperature, whereby "green" billets having a theoretic density of 80% were obtained.
  • These billets were degassed-sintered in a nitrogen atmosphere, according to the time and temperature curves of Figure 2.
  • Said degassing-sintering was carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere. During degassing heating took place with a temperature increase of 6 °C/min. Sintering took place at a temperature of 590 °C for a period of 60 minutes. After sintering the billets were quickly cooled at a rate of about 25 °C/min, whereby the billets were flushed with nitrogen.
  • the hydrogen content of the sintered billets is very low, as shown in Table B, which points to a very effective degassing-sintering cycle.
  • Figure 3 graphically illustrates the dependence of the hydrogen/water vapour developed on the temperature used in the degassing-sintering process.
  • Table B lists the hydrogen content of the three different billets before and after degassing-sintering, whereby the billets contain 10 vol.% of powdered SiC, powdered Al2O3 and fibrous Al2O3 respectively, with the following composition of the elementary metals: Al-4.5 wt.% Cu, 0.5 wt.% Mg, 0.7 wt.% Si.
  • the hydrogen content is expressed in ppm.
  • the sintered billets exhibit a fine homogeneous micro-structure for the matrix and a homogeneous distribution of the hardener, as became apparent from photographs made by means of a microscope.
  • a material (20 wt.% Si, 3 wt.% Cu and 1 wt.% Mg) was made from pre-alloyed atomised aluminium in powder form and 10 vol.% SiC in powder form, so that a compound being resistant to wear was obtained.
  • the following successive processing steps were thereby carried out in accordance with the known state of the art, viz. mixing, compressing, canning, degassing at a reduced pressure and extruding.
  • This matrix which is formed of a previously formed alloy containing 10 vol.% SiC as a hardener, is known to have very good mechanical properties, such as strength, extension and Youngs modulus, and measurements carried out have shown that the material obtained in accordance with the invention has good mechanical properties comparable therewith, whilst on the other hand the method according to the invention can be carried out in a simpler, more efficient and therefore cheaper manner.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
EP93202681A 1992-09-17 1993-09-16 Procédé de préparation d'articles à base d'aluminium Withdrawn EP0588439A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL9201606 1992-09-17
NL9201606A NL9201606A (nl) 1992-09-17 1992-09-17 Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van aluminium bevattende voorwerpen.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0588439A1 true EP0588439A1 (fr) 1994-03-23

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EP93202681A Withdrawn EP0588439A1 (fr) 1992-09-17 1993-09-16 Procédé de préparation d'articles à base d'aluminium

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EP (1) EP0588439A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL9201606A (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997005296A1 (fr) * 1995-08-01 1997-02-13 Feinguss Blank Gmbh Alliages d'aluminium pour la production de materiaux composites renforces par des fibres
EP0877831A4 (fr) * 1995-05-02 1998-11-18
DE19950595C1 (de) * 1999-10-21 2001-02-01 Dorn Gmbh C Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sinterteilen aus einer Aluminiumsintermischung
DE112009002512B4 (de) 2008-10-10 2023-03-23 Gkn Sinter Metals, Llc. Mengenchemieformulierung für Pulvermetall-Aluminiumlegierung

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4569822A (en) * 1984-05-11 1986-02-11 Brown Sanford W Powder metal process for preparing computer disk substrates
EP0213113A1 (fr) * 1985-07-25 1987-03-04 Miba Sintermetall Aktiengesellschaft Fabrication d'articles frittés à partir d'un mélange pour frittage d'aluminium
US4743299A (en) * 1986-03-12 1988-05-10 Olin Corporation Cermet substrate with spinel adhesion component
FR2607741A1 (fr) * 1986-12-04 1988-06-10 Cegedur Procede d'obtention de materiaux composites, notamment a matrice en alliage d'aluminium, par metallurgie des poudres
EP0410417A1 (fr) * 1989-07-28 1991-01-30 Ube Industries, Ltd. Procédé pour la préparation d'un alliage métallique en poudre
JPH0428471A (ja) * 1990-05-22 1992-01-31 Suzuki Motor Corp ベーンポンプのベーン材料とその製造方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4569822A (en) * 1984-05-11 1986-02-11 Brown Sanford W Powder metal process for preparing computer disk substrates
EP0213113A1 (fr) * 1985-07-25 1987-03-04 Miba Sintermetall Aktiengesellschaft Fabrication d'articles frittés à partir d'un mélange pour frittage d'aluminium
US4743299A (en) * 1986-03-12 1988-05-10 Olin Corporation Cermet substrate with spinel adhesion component
FR2607741A1 (fr) * 1986-12-04 1988-06-10 Cegedur Procede d'obtention de materiaux composites, notamment a matrice en alliage d'aluminium, par metallurgie des poudres
EP0410417A1 (fr) * 1989-07-28 1991-01-30 Ube Industries, Ltd. Procédé pour la préparation d'un alliage métallique en poudre
JPH0428471A (ja) * 1990-05-22 1992-01-31 Suzuki Motor Corp ベーンポンプのベーン材料とその製造方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 9211, Derwent World Patents Index; Class M22, AN 92-085195 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0877831A4 (fr) * 1995-05-02 1998-11-18
EP0877831A2 (fr) * 1995-05-02 1998-11-18 University Of Queensland Melanges de poudres pour alliages d'aluminium et alliages d'aluminium frittes
WO1997005296A1 (fr) * 1995-08-01 1997-02-13 Feinguss Blank Gmbh Alliages d'aluminium pour la production de materiaux composites renforces par des fibres
DE19950595C1 (de) * 1999-10-21 2001-02-01 Dorn Gmbh C Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sinterteilen aus einer Aluminiumsintermischung
US6468468B1 (en) 1999-10-21 2002-10-22 Ecka Granulate Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for preparation of sintered parts from an aluminum sinter mixture
DE112009002512B4 (de) 2008-10-10 2023-03-23 Gkn Sinter Metals, Llc. Mengenchemieformulierung für Pulvermetall-Aluminiumlegierung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL9201606A (nl) 1994-04-18

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