EP0588185B1 - Regenerative heat-exchanger - Google Patents

Regenerative heat-exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0588185B1
EP0588185B1 EP93114189A EP93114189A EP0588185B1 EP 0588185 B1 EP0588185 B1 EP 0588185B1 EP 93114189 A EP93114189 A EP 93114189A EP 93114189 A EP93114189 A EP 93114189A EP 0588185 B1 EP0588185 B1 EP 0588185B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
rotor
regenerative heat
circumferential
chambers
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EP93114189A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0588185A1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Kritzler
Siegfried Dipl.-Ing. Schlüter
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Apparatebau Rothemuehle Brandt and Kritzler GmbH
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Apparatebau Rothemuehle Brandt and Kritzler GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D19/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium
    • F28D19/04—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium using rigid bodies, e.g. mounted on a movable carrier
    • F28D19/047—Sealing means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a regenerative heat exchanger with a circumferential, radial and Axially sealed storage mass cells having rotor, which is the rotor peripherally enclosing housing formed with sealed peripheral chambers is and the heat exchanger of hot exhaust gas and countercurrent of cold Clean gas or air is flowed through, the rotor a cold and a hot Has end face.
  • the regenerative heat exchanger can be used both for Use air preheaters (Luvos) as well as gas preheaters (Gavos).
  • the exhaust gases are combined in one Regenerative heat exchanger used to preheat the combustion air.
  • the nitrogen oxides (NOx) contained in the exhaust gas be largely reduced by in this case the storage masses of the Regenerative air preheater in whole or in part as catalytically active elements are executed and especially ammonia is added as a reducing agent.
  • the NOx-containing flue gas is the flue gas from a furnace, which at the end of a Steam generator for preheating the combustion air Flow through regenerative heat exchanger.
  • a regenerative heat exchanger of the type mentioned is through FR-A-1 447,765 became known.
  • To seal the peripheral chambers are there numerous sealing blocks strung together to form sealing rings.
  • the sealing blocks are suspended in this overlapping U-shaped housing required, in which the sealing blocks are fixed in the upright position with bolts are; the sealing blocks lie against the rotor with their narrow surfaces, and to To increase the sealing, it is necessary to use a kind in the narrow areas Incorporate the labyrinth seal in the form of throats or grooves. The effort for that Manufacture and assembly of the seal is extremely large, without sacrificing the to achieve the desired degree of tightness.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of a device to create that in a regenerative heat exchanger of the type mentioned allow a high degree of tightness and largely avoid leaks.
  • peripheral chambers with on the cold and hot end face on the outer circumference of the rotor in the rotor housing arranged, stationary flat, ring-like peripheral seals against the rotor are sealed, and that, the inner diameter of the peripheral seals bridging, radially between the heat-exchanging media on both sides of the rotor stationary flat radial seals are arranged, the circumferential and the Radial seals in a common plane, at the joints form a continuous, continuous sealing surface and be pressed elastically onto the rotor are.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides that the peripheral chambers are divided, i.e. with a regenerative heat exchanger vertical axis of rotation an upper and a lower or at one Regenerative heat exchanger with a horizontal axis of rotation have rear and a front chamber.
  • the area of the two Chambers are cylindrical seals around the rotor for subdivision placed.
  • the subdivided circumferential chambers advantageously allow Way an operation of the regenerative heat exchanger in which targeted and appropriate to the given location in the heat exchanger Pressure conditions at the respective sealing points can be suctioned, blocked, blown out or sucked out. A however, this mode of operation is also not used for subdivision Circumferential chambers possible.
  • the double seals achieved radially according to the invention allow this advantageously, either a suction to the barrier chambers, e.g. connect a fan or a sealing gas line and to create either a negative or positive pressure, as well to connect a purge gas line to the radial chambers. That offers the possibility of gap leaks in regenerative heat exchangers simple way to avoid partially or completely, e.g. by extraction or supply of sealing gas. Furthermore can wear through the radial areas in question Blow out can be minimized. Eventually, with every flush additionally achieved that each storage mass cell or chamber from polluted raw gas sector coming in the radial Double seal is flushed out with clean gas before entering the Clean gas sector enters.
  • All rotor seals can be made with mechanical devices to the respective operating conditions Close the rotor end faces tightly.
  • the adjustments can be made by hand or be carried out automatically; larger ones can be used Areas of the peripheral seals, the radians of which are at least that Arc length of two storage mass chambers should correspond to from individual actuation points.
  • Leave to operate use levers that move from the actuation points to the individual connection points on the seals are sufficient.
  • the number the actuators can be reduced in this way. So that the actuation and pressure forces of the seals as possible are low, the weights of the sealing plates or rings Counterweights balanced over the existing lever linkage. Compared to pitch springs, counterweights have the advantage that the Reactive forces even with different sealing positions remain constant.
  • the regenerative heat exchanger 1 according to FIG. 1 has one by one vertical axis of rotation 2 rotating rotor 3, the numerous storage mass cells or chambers 4 (see FIG. 2).
  • the regenerative heat exchanger 1 is according to arrow direction 5, i.e. from top to top below from hot, from a steam generator, not shown Exhaust gas flows through a channel, while in counterflow according to arrow direction 6 clean gas or air, the heated by the exhaust gas Storage mass chambers 4 is supplied.
  • the clean gas or the air cools the storage mass chambers 4 and flows upwards, i.e. on the hot side 7 out of the heat exchanger 1.
  • Circumferential seals 9 placed, which are divided into segments and have an arc length 11 which is a multiple of the arc length correspond to a storage mass chamber 4 (cf. FIG. 2); in the in 2, the circumferential seals 9 consist four quarter-circle rings closely joined together at the joints.
  • the peripheral seals 9 create in the area between the the rotor 3 axially enclosing housing 12 and the rotor 3 locking or circumferential chambers 13.
  • the two media streams 5 and 6 are separated from one another separating separation zones 14 radial chambers 15 (see FIG. 1) formed, by radial seals 16 in each of these zones above and below are placed on the rotor 3; the radial seals 16 are in essentially strip-shaped, with widening ends and dimensioned so that they completely cover a storage mass chamber 4. In this way, they are the regenerative heat exchanger 1 media 5 or 6 flowing through in countercurrent on each end face of the rotor, i.e. both on the hot and on the cold side 7 or 8 completely sealed in itself; in the heat exchanger are in the radial Extension of the rotor 3 thus double seals.
  • the radial seals 16 are dimensioned so that they - the diameter of the Bridging circumferential seals 9 - fit into the circumferential seals 9 to let. All due to the circumferential seals 9 and Radial seals 16 resulting sealing surfaces lie in one plane, i.e. there is no offset between them; also own they have no penetrations of drive and other actuating elements.
  • the peripheral seals 9 and the radial seals 16 are elastic, i.e. resiliently adjusted or pressed against the rotor.
  • both for the circumferential seals 9 are also called several operating points on the cold side 7 and 8 of the rotor 3 17 for manual or fully automatic operation available; each a larger area of the peripheral seals 9 is assigned an actuation point 17, from which lever 18 extend to the seals. This makes it possible for a few Operating points 17 from the entire circumferential seals 9 so far to influence as necessary.
  • Radial chambers 15 adjusting springs 19 see. Fig. 1) arranged.
  • the peripheral chambers 13 by a placed around the jacket of the rotor 3 Ring seal 21 in an upper and a lower chamber 13a, 13b divided.
  • the peripheral chambers 13 and 13a, 13b and the radial chambers 15 can namely together or separately via a separate Extract the fan and keep it at a negative pressure, or in Conversely, apply sealing gas or purge gas and open it bring an overpressure.
  • a regenerative heat exchanger 100 is a leakage suction for the barrier chamber and sealing system shown in more detail; it consists of pipe connections 24, 25, via which a fan, not shown, in the direction of arrow 26 Leaks from the circumferential chamber, which is not subdivided in this case 13 and the lower radial chamber 15 sucks.
  • the regenerative heat exchanger 200 shown in FIG. 4 differentiates differs essentially from the embodiment according to FIG. 3 in that the pipe connections 24 and 25 in reverse Direction, i.e. according to the arrows 27 sealing or purge gas in the Circumferential chamber 13 or radial chamber 15 is introduced. Furthermore a pipe 28 is connected to the upper radial chamber 15, through which the introduced sealing or purge gas after Flow through the barrier chamber and sealing system again to the outside can leak.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Devices For Blowing Cold Air, Devices For Blowing Warm Air, And Means For Preventing Water Condensation In Air Conditioning Units (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Printed Circuit Boards (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)

Abstract

In a regenerative heat exchanger with a rotating rotor having radially and axially sealed-off storage masses, a high degree of tightness is achieved and leakages are largely avoided if the housing (12) surrounding the rotor (3) axially and the separating zones (14) arranged radially between the heat-exchanging media are designed as blocking chambers (circumferential or radial chambers 13, 13a, 13b or 15). Such a regenerative heat exchanger allows an operating mode such that sucking off, blocking, blowing out or sucking in can take place at respective tight points in a controlled and appropriate manner in accordance with the pressure conditions prevailing locally in the heat exchanger. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher mit einem umlaufenden, radial und axial abgedichtete Speichermassenzellen aufweisenden Rotor, wobei das den Rotor peripher umschließende Gehäuse mit abgedichteten Umfangskammern ausgebildet ist und der Wärmetauscher von heißem Abgas und im Gegenstrom von kaltem Reingas oder Luft durchströmt ist, wobei der Rotor eine kalte und eine heiße Stirnseite aufweist. Der Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher läßt sich sowohl für Luftvorwärmer (Luvos) als auch für Gasvorwärmer (Gavos) einsetzen.The invention relates to a regenerative heat exchanger with a circumferential, radial and Axially sealed storage mass cells having rotor, which is the rotor peripherally enclosing housing formed with sealed peripheral chambers is and the heat exchanger of hot exhaust gas and countercurrent of cold Clean gas or air is flowed through, the rotor a cold and a hot Has end face. The regenerative heat exchanger can be used both for Use air preheaters (Luvos) as well as gas preheaters (Gavos).

Bei Kraftwerks- und Industriefeuerungsanlagen werden die Abgase in einem Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher zur Vorwärmung der Verbrennungsluft genutzt. Bei diesem Prozeß können beispielsweise die im Abgas enthaltenen Stickoxide (NOx) weitgehend reduziert werden, indem in diesem Fall die Speichermassen des Regenerativ-Luftvorwärmers ganz oder teilweise als katalytisch wirksame Elemente ausgeführt sind und vor allem Ammoniak als Reduktionsmittel zugegeben wird. In der Regel ist das NOx-haltige Abgas das Rauchgas einer Feuerung, das am Ende eines Dampferzeugers zur Vorwärmung der Verbrennungsluft den Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher durchströmt.In power plant and industrial combustion plants, the exhaust gases are combined in one Regenerative heat exchanger used to preheat the combustion air. At this process, for example, the nitrogen oxides (NOx) contained in the exhaust gas be largely reduced by in this case the storage masses of the Regenerative air preheater in whole or in part as catalytically active elements are executed and especially ammonia is added as a reducing agent. In the As a rule, the NOx-containing flue gas is the flue gas from a furnace, which at the end of a Steam generator for preheating the combustion air Flow through regenerative heat exchanger.

Ein Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher der eingangs genannten Art ist durch die FR-A-1 447 765 bekanntgeworden. Zur Abdichtung der Umfangskammern sind dort zahlreiche Dichtungsblocks zu Dichtungsringen aneinandergereiht. Zur federnden Aufhängung der Dichtungsblocks sind diese übergreifende U-förmige Gehäuse erforderlich, in denen die Dichtungsblocks in aufrechter Position mit Bolzen festgelegt sind; die Dichtungsblocks liegen dem Rotor mit ihren Schmalflächen an, und zur Erhöhung der Abdichtung ist es erforderlich, in den Schmalflächen eine Art Labyrinthdichtung in Form von Kehlen bzw. Rillen einzuarbeiten. Der Aufwand für die Herstellung und Montage der Abdichtung ist außerordentlich groß, ohne dabei den gewünschten Dichtheitsgrad zu erreichen.A regenerative heat exchanger of the type mentioned is through FR-A-1 447,765 became known. To seal the peripheral chambers are there numerous sealing blocks strung together to form sealing rings. For springy The sealing blocks are suspended in this overlapping U-shaped housing required, in which the sealing blocks are fixed in the upright position with bolts are; the sealing blocks lie against the rotor with their narrow surfaces, and to To increase the sealing, it is necessary to use a kind in the narrow areas Incorporate the labyrinth seal in the form of throats or grooves. The effort for that Manufacture and assembly of the seal is extremely large, without sacrificing the to achieve the desired degree of tightness.

Es entspricht weiterhin dem Stand der Technik (vgl. den Prospekt "Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher " der Firma Lugat Aktiengesellschaft für Luft- und Gastechnik, Basel), daß bei Regenerativ-Wärmetauschern mit umlaufenden Speichermassen die Rotoren und damit die Rotor- bzw. Speichermassenkammern sowohl in radialer als auch in Umfangsrichtung abgedichtet sind, um den Übertritt von einem in das andere Medium, d.h. von Rohgas in das Reingas zu vermeiden. Bei Rotorabdichtungen mit rotierenden Heizflächen werden daher federnde Streifbleche eingesetzt. Diese sind an allen Radialwänden befestigt und so einjustiert, daß sie über die Radialholme des Wärmetauschergehäuses schleifen. Außerdem befinden sich Streifbleche im Umfangsbereich beider Rotorstirnseiten, die ebenfalls schleifend am Rotorgehäuse anliegen. Durch die Radialdichtungen werden die den Wärmetauscher durchströmenden Medien voneinander getrennt, und durch die Umfangsdichtungen lassen sich vornehmlich Bypass-Strömungen vermeiden.It also corresponds to the state of the art (see the prospectus "Regenerative heat exchanger" from Lugat Aktiengesellschaft for air and Gastechnik, Basel) that regenerative heat exchangers with rotating Storage masses the rotors and thus the rotor or storage mass chambers are sealed both in the radial and in the circumferential direction to prevent the passage of one into the other medium, i.e. avoiding raw gas into the clean gas. At Rotor seals with rotating heating surfaces therefore become resilient scraper plates used. These are attached to all radial walls and adjusted so that they over grind the radial bars of the heat exchanger housing. Also are Scraper plates in the peripheral area of both rotor end faces, which are also grinding on The rotor housing. The radial seals are the heat exchanger flowing media separated from each other, and by the peripheral seals mainly bypass flows can be avoided.

Bei Anlagen zur Abgasreinigung bzw. Schadgasminderung sind die Anforderungen an die einzelnen Komponenten heutzutage sehr hoch. So wird beispeilsweise für einen Wärmetauscher, der in einer Müllverbrennungsanlage das Abgas zur katalytischen Reinigung auf die nötige Reaktionstemperatur vorwärmt, ein Leckage-Wert von deutlich unter 0,3% gefordert, um Dioxin- und Furan-Emissionen zu vermeiden. Dabei hat es sich herausgestellt, daß bei den bekannten, federnden Dichtungssystemen bei einem Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher mit umlaufenden Speichermassen eine solche Forderung nicht erfüllt werden kann.The requirements for exhaust gas purification and pollution control systems are: the individual components are very high these days. For example, for one Heat exchanger that converts the exhaust gas to catalytic in a waste incineration plant Cleaning preheated to the required reaction temperature, a leakage value of required below 0.3% to avoid dioxin and furan emissions. Here it has been found that in the known, resilient sealing systems a regenerative heat exchanger with circulating storage masses Requirement cannot be met.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, die bei einem Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher der eingangs genannten Art einen hohen Dichtheitsgrad erlauben und Leckagen weitestgehend vermeiden.The invention is therefore based on the object of a device to create that in a regenerative heat exchanger of the type mentioned allow a high degree of tightness and largely avoid leaks.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Umfangskammern mit an der kalten und heißen Stirnseite am äußeren Umfang des Rotors im Rotorgehäuse angeordneten, stationären flachen, ringartigen Umfangsdichtungen gegen den Rotor abgedichtet sind, und daß, den Innendurchmesser der Umfangsdichtungen überbrückend, radial zwischen den wärmetauschenden Medien beidseitig des Rotors stationäre flache Radialdichtungen angeordnet sind, wobei die Umfangs- und die Radialdichtungen eine in einer gemeinsamen Ebene liegende, an den Stoßstellen lückenlos durchgehende Dichtfläche bilden sowie elastisch an den Rotor angedrückt sind. Mit dieser Art der Rotorabdichtung wird vermieden, daß das Medium mit dem höheren Druck direkt zum Medium mit dem geringeren Druck übertritt; Spaltleckagen sammeln sich vielmehr zunächst im Wärmetauschergehäuse und strömen erst dann von da aus über die nächsten Dichtungen in die Bereiche mit geringeren Drücken ab. Die strömenden Medien sind an jeder Rotorstirnseite in sich völlig abgedichtet, und im Wärmetauscher liegen in radialer Richtung an allen Stellen Doppeldichtungen vor. Die Dichtungen sind im Unterschied zu den bekannten Dichtungen als axial aufliegende, breite Dichtleisten ausgebildet, die sich der betriebsbedingten Wärmeausdehnung des Rotors problemlos anpassen. Sie lassen sich dem jeweiligen Betriebszustand folgend über eine Sensorsteuerung, wie bekannt, vollautomatisch anstellen. This object is achieved in that the peripheral chambers with on the cold and hot end face on the outer circumference of the rotor in the rotor housing arranged, stationary flat, ring-like peripheral seals against the rotor are sealed, and that, the inner diameter of the peripheral seals bridging, radially between the heat-exchanging media on both sides of the rotor stationary flat radial seals are arranged, the circumferential and the Radial seals in a common plane, at the joints form a continuous, continuous sealing surface and be pressed elastically onto the rotor are. With this type of rotor seal it is avoided that the medium with the higher pressure passes directly to the medium with the lower pressure; Crevice leakage Rather, they first collect in the heat exchanger housing and only then flow thence over the next seals into areas with lower pressures. The flowing media are completely sealed on each rotor face, and in Heat exchangers have double seals at all points in the radial direction. The In contrast to the known seals, seals are in the form of wide sealing strips are formed, the operational thermal expansion of the Adjust the rotor easily. They can be followed according to the respective operating status Set up fully automatically via a sensor control, as is known.

Eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Umfangskammern unterteilt sind, h.h. bei einem Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher mit vertikaler Drehachse eine obere und eine untere bzw. bei einem Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher mit einer horizontalen Drehachse eine hintere und eine vordere Kammer aufweisen. Im Bereich der beiden Kammern sind zur Unterteilung zylindrische Dichtungen um den Rotor gelegt. Die unterteilten Umfangskammern erlauben in vorteilhafter Weise eine Betriebsweise des Regenerativ-Wärmetauschers, bei der gezielt und angemessen den örtlich im Wärmetauscher gegebenen Druckverhältnissen entsprechend an den jeweiligen Dichtstellen abgesaugt, gesperrt, ausgeblasen oder ausgesaugt werden kann. Eine solche Betriebsweise ist allerdings auch bei nicht unterteilten Umfangskammern möglich.An embodiment of the invention provides that the peripheral chambers are divided, i.e. with a regenerative heat exchanger vertical axis of rotation an upper and a lower or at one Regenerative heat exchanger with a horizontal axis of rotation have rear and a front chamber. In the area of the two Chambers are cylindrical seals around the rotor for subdivision placed. The subdivided circumferential chambers advantageously allow Way an operation of the regenerative heat exchanger in which targeted and appropriate to the given location in the heat exchanger Pressure conditions at the respective sealing points can be suctioned, blocked, blown out or sucked out. A however, this mode of operation is also not used for subdivision Circumferential chambers possible.

Die erfindungsgemäß radial erreichten Doppeldichtungen erlauben es in vorteilhafter Weise, an die Sperrkammern entweder eine Absaugung, z.B. einen Ventilator, oder eine Sperrgasleitung anzuschließen und damit entweder einen Unter- oder einen Überdruck zu erzeugen, sowie an die Radialkammern eine Spülgaszuleitung anzuschließen. Das bietet die Möglichkeit, Spaltleckagen in Regenerativ-Wärmetauschern auf einfache Art und Weise gezielt teilweise oder auch völlig zu vermeiden, z.B. durch Absaugung oder Zuführung von Sperrgas. Außerdem können über die betreffenden Radialbereiche Schleißverluste durch Ausblasen minimiert werden. Schließlich wird mit jedem Spülvorgang zusätzlich erreicht, daß jede Speichermassenzelle bzw. -kammer vom schadstoffbeladenen Rohgassektor kommend im Bereich der radiale Doppeldichtung mit sauberem Gas ausgespült wird, bevor sie in den Reingassektor eintritt.The double seals achieved radially according to the invention allow this advantageously, either a suction to the barrier chambers, e.g. connect a fan or a sealing gas line and to create either a negative or positive pressure, as well to connect a purge gas line to the radial chambers. That offers the possibility of gap leaks in regenerative heat exchangers simple way to avoid partially or completely, e.g. by extraction or supply of sealing gas. Furthermore can wear through the radial areas in question Blow out can be minimized. Eventually, with every flush additionally achieved that each storage mass cell or chamber from polluted raw gas sector coming in the radial Double seal is flushed out with clean gas before entering the Clean gas sector enters.

Sämtliche Rotor-Abdichtungen lassen sich mit mechanischen Vorrichtungen den jeweiligen Betriebsverhältnissen entsprechend an die Rotorstirnflächen dicht anlegen. Die Verstellungen können von Hand oder auch automatisch durchgeführt werden; dabei lassen sich größere Bereiche der Umfangsdichtungen, deren Bogenmaß mindestens der Bogenlänge von zwei Speichermassenkammern entsprechen sollte, von einzelnen Betätigungspunkten aus feststellen. Zur Betätigung lassen sich Hebel einsetzen, die von den Betätigungspunkten aus zu den einzelnen Verbindungsstellen an den Dichtungen reichen. Die Anzahl der Betätigungsvorrichtungen läßt sich auf diese Weise verringern. Damit die Betätigungs- und Andruckkräfte der Dichtungen möglichst gering sind, werden die Gewichte der Dichtplatten bzw. -ringe durch Gegengewichte über die vorhandenen Hebelgestänge ausgeglichen. Gegenüber Anstellfedern haben Gegengewichte den Vorteil, daß die Reaktionskräfte auch bei unterschiedlichen Abdichtungspositionen konstant bleiben.All rotor seals can be made with mechanical devices to the respective operating conditions Close the rotor end faces tightly. The adjustments can be made by hand or be carried out automatically; larger ones can be used Areas of the peripheral seals, the radians of which are at least that Arc length of two storage mass chambers should correspond to from individual actuation points. Leave to operate use levers that move from the actuation points to the individual connection points on the seals are sufficient. The number the actuators can be reduced in this way. So that the actuation and pressure forces of the seals as possible are low, the weights of the sealing plates or rings Counterweights balanced over the existing lever linkage. Compared to pitch springs, counterweights have the advantage that the Reactive forces even with different sealing positions remain constant.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Ansprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, in der einige Ausführungsbeispiele des Gegenstandes der Erfindung näher erläutert sind. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
den Querschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Regenerativ-Wärmetauschers mit umlaufenden Speichermassen, schematisch dargestellt;
Figur 2
den Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher gemäß Fig. 1 entlang der Linie II-II geschnitten;
Figur 3
in teilweise geschnittener Darstellung die Vorderansicht eines Regenerativ-Wärmetauschers mit einer angeschlossenen Leckage-Absaugung; und
Figur 4
in teilweise geschnittener Darstellung die Vorderansicht eines Regenerativ-Wärmetauschers mit einem Sperrgasanschluß.
Further features and advantages of the invention result from the claims and the following description, in which some exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are explained in more detail. Show it:
Figure 1
the cross section of a regenerative heat exchanger according to the invention with circulating storage masses, shown schematically;
Figure 2
the regenerative heat exchanger of Figure 1 cut along the line II-II.
Figure 3
in a partially sectioned view the front view of a regenerative heat exchanger with a connected leakage extraction; and
Figure 4
in a partially sectioned view the front view of a regenerative heat exchanger with a sealing gas connection.

Der Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher 1 gemäß Fig. 1 besitzt einen um eine vertikale Drehachse 2 rotierenden Rotor 3, der zahlreiche Speichermassenzellen bzw. -kammern 4 (vgl. Fig. 2) aufweist. Der Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher 1 wird gemäß Pfeilrichtung 5, d.h. von oben nach unten von heißem, von einem nicht dargestellten Dampferzeuger über einen Kanal zugeführtes Abgas durchströmt, während im Gegenstrom gemäß Pfeilrichtung 6 Reingas oder Luft, den von dem Abgas aufgeheizten Speichermassenkammern 4 zugeführt wird. Das Reingas bzw. die Luft kühlt die Speichermassenkammern 4 ab und strömt oben, d.h. an der heißen Seite 7 aus dem Wärmetauscher 1 heraus.The regenerative heat exchanger 1 according to FIG. 1 has one by one vertical axis of rotation 2 rotating rotor 3, the numerous storage mass cells or chambers 4 (see FIG. 2). The regenerative heat exchanger 1 is according to arrow direction 5, i.e. from top to top below from hot, from a steam generator, not shown Exhaust gas flows through a channel, while in counterflow according to arrow direction 6 clean gas or air, the heated by the exhaust gas Storage mass chambers 4 is supplied. The clean gas or the air cools the storage mass chambers 4 and flows upwards, i.e. on the hot side 7 out of the heat exchanger 1.

Sowohl an der heißen Seite 7 als auch an der kalten Seite 8 sind auf den Rotor 3 an dessen äußerem Umfang bzw. Rand ringartige Umfangsdichtungen 9 aufgelegt, die segmentartig unterteilt sind und eine Bogenlänge 11 aufweisen, die ein Mehrfaches der Bogenlänge einer Speichermassenkammer 4 entsprechen (vgl. Fig. 2); in dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Beispiel bestehen die Umfangsdichtungen 9 aus vier an den Stoßstellen eng aneinandergefügten Viertelkreisringen. Die Umfangsdichtungen 9 schaffen in dem Bereich zwischen dem das den Rotor 3 axial umschließende Gehäuse 12 und dem Rotor 3 Sperr- bzw. Umfangskammern 13. Both on the hot side 7 and on the cold side 8 are ring-like on the rotor 3 on its outer circumference or edge Circumferential seals 9 placed, which are divided into segments and have an arc length 11 which is a multiple of the arc length correspond to a storage mass chamber 4 (cf. FIG. 2); in the in 2, the circumferential seals 9 consist four quarter-circle rings closely joined together at the joints. The peripheral seals 9 create in the area between the the rotor 3 axially enclosing housing 12 and the rotor 3 locking or circumferential chambers 13.

Weiterhin sind in den die beiden Medienströme 5 bzw. 6 voneinander trennenden Trennzonen 14 Radialkammern 15 (vgl. Fig. 1) ausgebildet, indem in diesen Zonen Radialdichtungen 16 jeweils oben und unten auf den Rotor 3 aufgelegt sind; die Radialdichtungen 16 sind im wesentlichen streifenförmig, mit sich weitenden Enden ausgebildet und so bemessen, daß sie eine Speichermassenkammer 4 völlig abdecken. Auf diese Weise sind die den Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher 1 im Gegenstrom durchströmenden Medien 5 bzw. 6 auf jeder Rotorstirnseite, d.h. sowohl an der heißen als auch an der kalten Seite 7 bzw. 8 in sich völlig abgedichtet; im Wärmetauscher liegen in der radialen Erstreckung des Rotors 3 somit Doppeldichtungen vor. Die Radialdichtungen 16 sind so bemessen, daß sie sich - den Durchmesser der Umfangsdichtungen 9 überbrückend - in die Umfangsdichtungen 9 einpassen lassen. Sämtliche aufgrund der Umfangsdichtungen 9 und der Radialdichtungen 16 entstehenden Dichtflächen liegen in einer Ebene, d.h. es liegt kein Versatz zwischen ihnen vor; außerdem besitzen sie keinerlei Durchdringungen von Antriebs- und sonstigen Betätigungselementen.Furthermore, the two media streams 5 and 6 are separated from one another separating separation zones 14 radial chambers 15 (see FIG. 1) formed, by radial seals 16 in each of these zones above and below are placed on the rotor 3; the radial seals 16 are in essentially strip-shaped, with widening ends and dimensioned so that they completely cover a storage mass chamber 4. In this way, they are the regenerative heat exchanger 1 media 5 or 6 flowing through in countercurrent on each end face of the rotor, i.e. both on the hot and on the cold side 7 or 8 completely sealed in itself; in the heat exchanger are in the radial Extension of the rotor 3 thus double seals. The radial seals 16 are dimensioned so that they - the diameter of the Bridging circumferential seals 9 - fit into the circumferential seals 9 to let. All due to the circumferential seals 9 and Radial seals 16 resulting sealing surfaces lie in one plane, i.e. there is no offset between them; also own they have no penetrations of drive and other actuating elements.

Die Umfangsdichtungen 9 und die Radialdichtungen 16 sind elastisch, d.h. nachgiebig federnd angestellt bzw. an den Rotor angedrückt. Zu diesem Zweck sind für die Umfangsdichtungen 9 sowohl an der heißen als auch an der kalten Seite 7 bzw. 8 des Rotors 3 mehrereBetätigungspunkte 17 für den manuellen oder vollautomatischen Betrieb vorhanden; jeweils einem größeren Bereich der Umfangsdichtungen 9 ist dabei ein Betätigungspunkt 17 zugeordnet, von dem aus sich Hebel 18 zu den Dichtungen erstrecken. Damit ist es möglich, von wenigen Betätigungspunkten 17 aus die gesamten Umfangsdichtungen 9 soweit wie nötig zu beeinflussen. Zum Andrücken der Radialdichtungen 16 sind an den in den Trennzonen 14 ausgebildeten, geschlossenen Radialkammern 15 Anstellfedern 19 (vgl. Fig. 1) angeordnet. The peripheral seals 9 and the radial seals 16 are elastic, i.e. resiliently adjusted or pressed against the rotor. For this purpose, both for the circumferential seals 9 are also called several operating points on the cold side 7 and 8 of the rotor 3 17 for manual or fully automatic operation available; each a larger area of the peripheral seals 9 is assigned an actuation point 17, from which lever 18 extend to the seals. This makes it possible for a few Operating points 17 from the entire circumferential seals 9 so far to influence as necessary. For pressing the radial seals 16 are closed on the trained in the separation zones 14 Radial chambers 15 adjusting springs 19 (see. Fig. 1) arranged.

Bei dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher 1 sind die Umfangskammern 13 durch eine um den Mantel des Rotors 3 gelegte Ringdichtung 21 in eine obere und eine untere Kammer 13a, 13b unterteilt. An die obere Kammer 13a ist eine Zuleitung 22 für eine obere Absaugung bzw. Abdrückung und an die untere Kammer 13b ist eine Zuleitung 23 für eine untere Absaugung bzw. Abdrückung angeordnet; die Zuleitungen dienen zur Leckage-Minimierung bzw. -Vermeidung. Die Umfangskammern 13 bzw. 13a, 13b und die Radialkammern 15 lassen sich nämlich gemeinsam oder getrennt über einen separaten Ventilator absaugen und damit auf einem Unterdruck halten, oder in umgekehrter Weise mit Sperr- oder Spülgas beaufschlagen und auf einen Überdruck bringen.In the regenerative heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. 1 the peripheral chambers 13 by a placed around the jacket of the rotor 3 Ring seal 21 in an upper and a lower chamber 13a, 13b divided. To the upper chamber 13a is a supply line 22 for a upper suction and to the lower chamber 13b a feed line 23 is arranged for a lower suction; the supply lines are used to minimize or prevent leakage. The peripheral chambers 13 and 13a, 13b and the radial chambers 15 can namely together or separately via a separate Extract the fan and keep it at a negative pressure, or in Conversely, apply sealing gas or purge gas and open it bring an overpressure.

Bei der Ausführung eines Regenerativ-Wärmetauschers 100 nach Fig. 3 ist eine Leckage-Absaugung für das Sperrkammer- und Dichtungssystem genauer dargestellt; sie besteht aus Rohranschlüssen 24, 25, über die ein nicht dargestellter Ventilator in Pfeilrichtung 26 Leckagen aus der in diesem Fall nicht unterteilten Umfangskammer 13 und der unteren Radialkammer 15 absaugt.When a regenerative heat exchanger 100 according to FIG. 3 is a leakage suction for the barrier chamber and sealing system shown in more detail; it consists of pipe connections 24, 25, via which a fan, not shown, in the direction of arrow 26 Leaks from the circumferential chamber, which is not subdivided in this case 13 and the lower radial chamber 15 sucks.

Der in Fig. 4 dargestellte Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher 200 unterscheidet sich von der Ausführung nach Fig. 3 im wesentlichen lediglich dadurch, daß über die Rohranschlüsse 24 bzw. 25 in umgekehrter Richtung, d.h. gemäß den Pfeilen 27 Sperr- bzw. Spülgas in die Umfangskammer 13 bzw. Radialkammer 15 eingebracht wird. Außerdem ist noch eine Rohrleitung 28 an die obere Radialkammer 15 angeschlossen, über die das eingeleitete Sperr- bzw. Spülgas nach dem Durchströmen des Sperrkammer- und Dichtungssystems wieder nach außen austreten kann. The regenerative heat exchanger 200 shown in FIG. 4 differentiates differs essentially from the embodiment according to FIG. 3 in that the pipe connections 24 and 25 in reverse Direction, i.e. according to the arrows 27 sealing or purge gas in the Circumferential chamber 13 or radial chamber 15 is introduced. Furthermore a pipe 28 is connected to the upper radial chamber 15, through which the introduced sealing or purge gas after Flow through the barrier chamber and sealing system again to the outside can leak.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

1, 100, 2001, 100, 200
Regenerativ-WärmetauscherRegenerative heat exchanger
22nd
DrehachseAxis of rotation
33rd
Rotorrotor
44th
SpeichermassenkammerStorage chamber
55
PfeilrichtungArrow direction
66
PfeilrichtungArrow direction
77
heiße Seitehot side
88th
kalte Seitecold side
99
UmfangsdichtungCircumferential seal
10 1110th 11
BogenlängeArc length
1212th
Gehäusecasing
13, 13a, 13b13, 13a, 13b
SperrkammerLock chamber
1414
TrennzoneSeparation zone
1515
RadialkammerRadial chamber
1616
RadialdichtungRadial seal
1717th
BefestigungspunktAttachment point
1818th
Hebellever
1919th
AnstellfederAdjusting spring
20 2120th 21
RingdichtungRing seal
2222
ZuleitungSupply
2323
ZuleitungSupply
2424th
RohranschlußPipe connection
2525th
RohranschlußPipe connection
2626
PfeilrichtungArrow direction
2727
Pfeilarrow
2828
RohrleitungPipeline

Claims (9)

  1. Regenerative heat exchanger (1, 100, 200) with a rotating, radially and axially sealed rotor (3) having storage mass cells (4), wherein the housing (12) peripherally surrounding the rotor (3) is constructed with sealed circumferential chambers (13; 13a, 13b) and the heat exchanger is flowed through by hot waste gas (5) and in counterflow by cold clean gas or air (6), wherein the rotor (3) has a cold and a hot end face (8 and 7), wherein the circumferential chambers (13; 13a, 13b) are sealed relative to the rotor (3) by stationary, flat, annular circumferential seals (9) arranged at the cold and hot end faces (7, 8) at the outer circumference of the rotor (3) in the rotor housing (12) and that stationary, flat radial seals (16) are arranged radially between the heat-exchanging medium at both sides of the rotor to bridge over the inner diameter of the circumferential seals (9), wherein the circumferential and radial seals (9, 16) form a sealing surface, which lies in a common plane and is gaplessly continuous at the abutment locations, and are resiliently pressed against the rotor (3).
  2. Regenerative heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterised thereby that the circumferential seals (9) are constructed as sealing strips with a length corresponding to the curve dimension of at least two storage mass cells (4).
  3. Regenerative heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterised thereby that the axial seals (16) arranged at both sides of the rotor (3) in separating zones (14) each completely cover at least one storage mass cell (4).
  4. Regenerative heat exchanger according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterised thereby that the circumferential chambers are subdivided into an upper or rearward and a lower or forward chamber (13a, 13b).
  5. Regenerative heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterised by a seal (21) placed between the two chambers (13a, 13b) at the circumferential surface of the rotor (3).
  6. Regenerative heat exchanger according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterised thereby that a suction device is connected to the circumferential chambers (13, 13a, 13b).
  7. Regenerative heat exchanger according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterised thereby that a blocking gas duct is connected to the circumferential chambers (13, 13a, 13b).
  8. Regenerative heat exchanger according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterised thereby that radial chambers (15), to which a flushing gas duct is connected, are formed in the separating zones (14) between waste gas and air.
  9. Regenerative heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterised thereby that the upper and lower chambers (13a, 13b) are evacuated, blocked, blown out or sucked out in correspondence with the pressure ratios, which are given in the heat exchanger (1, 100, 200), at the respective sealing locations.
EP93114189A 1992-09-09 1993-09-04 Regenerative heat-exchanger Expired - Lifetime EP0588185B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4230133 1992-09-09
DE4230133A DE4230133A1 (en) 1992-09-09 1992-09-09 Regenerative heat exchanger and method for operating the heat exchanger

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0588185A1 EP0588185A1 (en) 1994-03-23
EP0588185B1 true EP0588185B1 (en) 1998-01-07

Family

ID=6467590

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93114189A Expired - Lifetime EP0588185B1 (en) 1992-09-09 1993-09-04 Regenerative heat-exchanger

Country Status (15)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0588185B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0712477A (en)
AT (1) ATE161942T1 (en)
AU (1) AU667385B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9303726A (en)
CZ (1) CZ291069B6 (en)
DE (2) DE4230133A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0588185T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2113457T3 (en)
HU (1) HUT65211A (en)
MX (1) MX9305497A (en)
PL (2) PL56220Y1 (en)
RU (1) RU2119127C1 (en)
UA (1) UA35561C2 (en)
ZA (1) ZA936296B (en)

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US5915340A (en) * 1996-10-02 1999-06-29 Abb Air Preheater Inc. Variable sector plate quad sector air preheater
JP3611272B2 (en) * 1997-12-19 2005-01-19 三菱重工業株式会社 Rotating regenerative heat exchanger
DE10327078A1 (en) * 2003-06-13 2004-12-30 Klingenburg Gmbh Rotary heat exchanger and method for sealing such
GB2424471A (en) * 2005-03-22 2006-09-27 Howden Power Ltd Rotary heat exchanger with a sector plate featuring suction ducts
DE102005053378B4 (en) * 2005-11-07 2011-12-08 Rwe Power Ag Rotating regenerative air or gas preheater
US8517086B2 (en) * 2008-02-29 2013-08-27 Caterpillar Inc. Composite heat exchanger end structure
DE502008002958D1 (en) * 2008-10-14 2011-05-05 Balcke Duerr Gmbh Regenerative heat exchanger with novel circumferential seal
EP2199724B1 (en) 2008-12-17 2012-08-15 Balcke-Dürr GmbH Method for operating a regenerative heat exchanger and regenerative heat exchanger with improved efficiency
CN102200408B (en) * 2011-07-09 2012-11-07 程爱平 Isolating air curtain structure of leak-free sealing system of rotary gas-gas heater
EP2743624A1 (en) * 2012-12-14 2014-06-18 Alstom Technology Ltd Leakage reduction system in power plant operations
ES2450041B1 (en) * 2013-11-18 2015-02-11 Juan MARTÍNEZ-VAL PIERA Strike sealing by partial recirculation of fluid in rotary heat exchanger
DE102016011918B4 (en) * 2016-10-05 2018-05-30 Balcke-Dürr GmbH Regenerative heat exchanger
RU2716638C1 (en) * 2019-07-05 2020-03-13 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Центральный ордена Трудового Красного Знамени научно-исследовательский автомобильный и автомоторный институт "НАМИ" (ФГУП "НАМИ") Method of preventing deformation of high-temperature rotary disc heat exchanger
RU2716636C1 (en) * 2019-07-05 2020-03-13 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Центральный ордена Трудового Красного Знамени научно-исследовательский автомобильный и автомоторный институт "НАМИ" (ФГУП "НАМИ") Method of compensation of deformation of high-temperature rotary disc heat exchanger
RU2716640C1 (en) * 2019-07-05 2020-03-13 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Центральный ордена Трудового Красного Знамени научно-исследовательский автомобильный и автомоторный институт "НАМИ" (ФГУП "НАМИ") Silicone seals of high-temperature rotary disc heat exchanger
RU2716639C1 (en) * 2019-07-05 2020-03-13 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Центральный ордена Трудового Красного Знамени научно-исследовательский автомобильный и автомоторный институт "НАМИ" (ФГУП "НАМИ") High-temperature rotary disc heat exchanger
RU202881U1 (en) * 2020-08-11 2021-03-11 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Центральный ордена Трудового Красного Знамени научно-исследовательский автомобильный и автомоторный институт "НАМИ" (ФГУП "НАМИ") Cooling device for the frame of a rotary disk heat exchanger of a power plant

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MX9305497A (en) 1994-05-31
EP0588185A1 (en) 1994-03-23
ZA936296B (en) 1995-02-09
UA35561C2 (en) 2001-04-16
DK0588185T3 (en) 1998-09-07
JPH0712477A (en) 1995-01-17
DE59307922D1 (en) 1998-02-12
HU9302529D0 (en) 1994-01-28
HUT65211A (en) 1994-05-02
PL300234A1 (en) 1994-03-21
PL56220Y1 (en) 1998-07-31
ATE161942T1 (en) 1998-01-15
AU4463193A (en) 1994-03-17
DE4230133A1 (en) 1994-03-10
AU667385B2 (en) 1996-03-21
BR9303726A (en) 1994-03-22
CZ186493A3 (en) 1994-04-13
ES2113457T3 (en) 1998-05-01
CZ291069B6 (en) 2002-12-11
RU2119127C1 (en) 1998-09-20

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